The Material and Metal Security of Low-Carbon Energy Transitions

by Jordy M. Lee

April 2nd, 2020

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Material Needs for Renewable Technologies

(Sovacool, et. al, 2020)

Mineral growth as a percentage of 2017 production through 2050

Supply Chains: Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG)

ESG reporting is complicated

Critical Minerals Strategies

2017 U.S. Net Import Reliance for Critical Minerals(U.S.DOI, 2019)

Everyone vs China

(European Commission 2017)

• E = Extraction

• P = Processing

• Green = Rare Earth Elements

• Grey = Platinum Metal Groups

Predicting the Energy Future

(Resources for the Future, 2019)

Global Electricity Generation by Fuel - 2040

Geopolitical Trends and Challenges

(IRENA, 2019)

Clean energy manufacturing value added (2014, US$ billion) Potential Impacts on selected countries

Politics and Policy

(Bazilian et. al. 2019)

• Where are we headed?

• What can we do?

Thank you-

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