the luminosity function of high redshift qsos · 2006-06-05 · motivations quasars are luminous...
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The Luminosity Function of High Redshift QSOs
Fabio FontanotDip. Astronomia Univ. Trieste
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Montagnana, 23/05/06
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The High-z QSOLuminosity Function
(Fontanot, Cristiani and the GOODS Team , 2006)
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Motivations
Quasars are luminous but rare sources
Large area surveys vs Deep survey
Bright end vs Faint end
Faint end of Luminosity Function
Measure QSO contribution to the UV background (Madau et al., 1999)
Constraints on the mechanisms responsible of the joint formation of supermassive black holes and host galaxies
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GOODS Project
Study Galaxy Formation and Evolution over a wide range of cosmic lookback times (Giavalisco et al., 2004)
Multiwavelenght survey
Two fields centered on HDFN and CDFS
total area 320 sqarcmin
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Optical data from ACS (B435, V606, i775, z850)
Selection Criteria (Cristiani et al., 2004)
Magnitude Limit 22.45 < z850 < 25.25
Color Criteria tested on template spectra (Cristiani & Vio, 1990)
(iz<0.35) (Vi<1.00) (1.00<BV<3.00)∩ ∩
(iz<0.35) (BV>3.00)∩
(iz<0.50) (Vi>0.80) (BV>2.00)∩ ∩
(iz<1.00) (Vi>1.90)∩
Selection of optical candidates
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Selection of optical candidates
Quasar selected with 3.5<z<5.2
Also included Lybreak and Seyfert Galaxies
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Matching with X-ray observations
1202 optically selected candidates
557 in HDFN + 645 in CDFS
Match with Chandra surveys
Alexander et al., 2003
Giacconi et al., 2002
16 Final candidates
10 in HDFN + 6 in CDFS
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X-ray Matching
Estimate of Visibility (Vignali et al. 2003)Any z > 3.5 xray
source must harbour an AGN
Type I QSOs with M
145 < −21 up to z
~ 5.2
GOODS -S #6
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Spectroscopic Follow-up
50 LBGs out of optically selected candidates
Results: QSO candidates (Vanzella et al., 2004)
3 lowz galaxies
12 QSOs with 2.6 < z < 5.2
2 QSOs with z > 4
QSO at z = 5.186 (Barger et al. 2001)
QSO at z = 4.76 (Vanzella et al. 2004)
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High-z LF
Faint QSOs GOODS observations (Cristiani et al., 2004)
Bright QSOs SDSS Quasar Data Release 3
(DR3QSO: Schneider et al. 2005) Key Issues
Understanding systematics, selection effects and completeness
Reproducing survey features
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Predicting QSO color evolution
Define a Statistical Sample of QSOs High completeness redshift interval
2.2 < z < 2.25 High quality QSO spectra from SDSS
Sample of 215 QSOs Building up template library
Computing restframe spectra Fitting continuum
Simulating high redshift objects Computing Statistical Properties
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Choosing Redshift Interval
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Results: Color Diagrams
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Results: Color Evolution
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Computing LFs
Analytical form for LF Compute expected number of QSOs
Simulate magnitudes in photometric systems Mock SDSS and GOODS catalogues
Apply selection criteria Mock SDSS and GOODS selected catalogues
Compare observed and simulated objects Define chi square estimator Evaluate agreement between data and LF
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Results: LFs
BRIGHT END
FAINT END
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Completeness
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Results
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Part 1 Conclusions
Evolutionary models based on lowz observations
Pure Density evolution models provide a good fit Pure Luminosity Evolution models provide a poor fit
Faint end slope steeper than lowz observations Bright end slope steeper than Richards et al.,
2006 The QSO contribution to the UV background is
insufficient to ionize the IGM at those redshifts
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The effect of stellar feedbackand quasar winds
on the AGN population(Fontanot, Monaco et al., 2006b)
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Hard X-ray and Optical LF
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Space Density Evolution
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Effect of Kinetic Feedback
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Black Hole – Bulge Relation
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Black Hole – Bulge Relation
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Conclusions
Models based on Lambda CDM cosmology are able to reproduce the properties of the AGN population
We are able to reproduce the antihierarchical behavior of black hole growth
Winds are needed
Kinetic stellar feedback