the labour force affected by the falling birth rate and ... · the labour force affected by the...
TRANSCRIPT
The Labour Force affected by the Falling Birth Rate and the Aging Population
1 The Number of Persons Not in the Labour Force Continues to Increase
3 Aging Labour Force
1 While the Number of Regular Employees is Decreasing, the Number of Part-time Workers, Contract Employees or Entrusted Employees is Increasing
2 The Employment Rate of Part-time and Temporary Workers is Particularly High in the Accommodations, Eating and Drinking Service Sectors
3 The Number of Foreign Workers is Increasing: Approx. 40% are Chinese
4 While Wholesale and Retail in Tokyo Has the Greatest Number of Employed Persons, the Information and Communications Industry Has the Highest Share in the National Total
2 While There are a Greater Number of Employed Persons Among Males, the Number of Persons Not in Labour Force, Such as Housekeeping, is Greater Among Females
4 Foreign Workers in the Special and Technical Fields Have a Higher Share in Tokyo than in the National total
Note: Thefigurefor2011for thenationalparticipationrate isasupplementaryestimate.
Source: TMG,MIC“LabourForceSurvey”Note: Thefiguresfor2011aresupplementaryestimates.Source: MIC“LabourForceSurvey”
Source: TMG“LabourForceSurvey”Note: AsofOctober31eachyear.Source: MHLW“SituationofNotifiedForeignNationalEmploymentStatus”
Source: MIC“PopulationCensus” Source: MIC“EmploymentStatusSurvey”
Source: TMG,MIC“LabourForceSurvey”
Diversifying Employment Structure Affected by Social and Economic Factors
59.159.3
64.5 63.163.5
1,178
429.4432.1
33.6 31.2
707.0
716.3
1,173
1,031
364.6
27.5
637.1
63.7
1997 98 99 200001 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 121110 13
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
(10,000 persons)Labour force participation rate (right scale)
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labour force
Tokyo
Nationwide
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
(%)
Population aged 15 and older by employment status and labour force participation rate
Male Female
Population aged 15 and over by gender, age, and labour force status (2010)
140
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
(10,000 persons)
15~24
25~34
35~44
45~54
55~64
65 years old and over
15~24
25~34
35~44
45~54
55~64
65 years old and over
Employed (Mostly Worked)Employed (Others)UnemployedNot in labour force (Did housework/attending school)Not in labour force (Others)
93.8
73.2 75.06.4
59.1
32.6
5.69.1
50.2
100.3
58.2
78.2
16.5
8.7
48.8 42.1
17.6
27.9
92.0
70.3
19.0
18.3
30.0 24.6
17.2
28.6
75.7
133.9
51.8
56.6
13.6
11.3
32.9
8.314.8
65.985.1
68.8
79.1
60.4
35.6
7.814.0
Number of persons engaged by industry and share in the national total (2013)
Share in the national total (right scale)
11.4
33.2
21.170.1
119.6
63.773.4
40
30
20
10
0
(%)160
120
80
40
0
(10,000 persons)
All
indu
strie
s
Con
stru
ctio
n
Man
ufac
turin
g
Info
rmat
ion
and
com
mun
icat
ions
Tran
spor
t and
pos
tal a
ctiv
ities
Who
lesa
le a
nd re
tail
trade
Fina
nce
and
insu
ranc
eR
eal e
stat
e an
d go
ods
rent
al a
nd le
asin
gS
cien
tific
rese
arch
, pro
fess
iona
l a
nd te
chni
cal s
ervi
ces
Acc
omm
odat
ions
, eat
ing
and
drin
king
ser
vice
sLi
ving
-rel
ated
and
per
sona
l ser
vice
s a
nd a
mus
emen
t ser
vice
sE
duca
tion,
lear
ning
sup
port
Med
ical
, hea
lth c
are
and
wel
fare
Ser
vice
s, n
.e.c
.
Oth
ers
(out
side
of t
hose
to th
e le
ft)
Regular employee
3,444
4,948
Part-time workerPart-time worker748
Arbeit (temporary worker)Arbeit (temporary worker)
Contract employees or entrusted employees
Contract employees or entrusted employees
342
Dispatched worker from temporary labour agency
236
Others
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
02003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
(10,000 persons)
3,340
888
353
354
5,154 5,201
3,294
928
392
388
Number of employees by employment type (nationwide)
Number of foreign workers by nationality (nationwide)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
(10,000 persons)
48.6
South Korea
China
(including Hong Kong)
Phillippines
Vietnam 2.7BrazilBrazil
Peru
G8 etc.
Others
2008 09 10 11 12 13
21.1
2.1
1.51.5
4.1
9.99.9
4.0
6.0
68.2
5.1
7.8
2.32.3
10.210.2
7.3
3.2
29.6
71.8
5.4
9.0
2.32.3
9.69.6
8.0
3.8
3.4
30.4
Component ratio of foreign workers by status of residence (2013)
Component ratio of foreign workers by industry (2013)
18.5
1.1
17.0
23.7
10.6
10.1
Technical intern training19.0
Special and technical fields
33.5
Designated activities1.8
1.6
Activity other than that permitted under the
status of residence previously granted30.5
Permanent resident
17.9
Spouse, etc. of a Japanese
national or a permanent resident
10.2
Long-term resident
4.5
Outer circle: Tokyo196 thousand personsInner circle: Nationwide718 thousand persons
(%)
(%)
36.6
3.911.1
6.9
12.6
17.4
11.5
Others18.9
Services, n.e.c.13.6
Education, learning support
7.5Accommodations,
eating and drinking services24.2
Wholesale and retail trade
16.6
Information and communications
11.4
Manufacturing7.8
Outer circle: Tokyo196 thousand personsInner circle: Nationwide718 thousand persons
Employment in Tokyo – Employment StatusEmployment in Tokyo – Employees
Employment rate of part-time/temporary workers by industry and occupation (2012)
All in
dustr
iesCo
nstru
ction
Manu
factur
ingInf
ormati
on an
d com
munic
ation
sTr
ansp
ort an
d pos
tal ac
tivitie
sW
holes
ale an
d reta
il trad
eFin
ance
and i
nsura
nce
Real
estat
e and
good
s ren
tal an
d lea
sing
Scien
tific r
esea
rch, p
rofes
siona
l and
tech
nical
servi
ces
Acco
mmod
ation
s, ea
ting a
nd dr
inking
servi
ces
Living
-relat
ed an
d pers
onal
servi
ces a
nd am
usem
ent s
ervice
sEd
ucati
on, le
arning
supp
ortMe
dical,
healt
h care
and w
elfare
Servi
ces,
n.e.c.
(By o
ccup
ation
)Ad
minis
trativ
e and
man
ageri
al wo
rkers
Profe
ssion
al an
d eng
ineeri
ng w
orkers
Cleri
cal w
orkers
Sales
work
ersSe
rvice
work
ersSe
curity
work
ersAg
ricult
ure, fo
restry
and f
ishery
work
ersMa
nufac
turing
proc
ess w
orkers
Tran
sport
and m
achin
e ope
ration
work
ersCo
nstru
ction
and m
ining
work
ersCa
rrying
, clea
ning,
pack
aging
, and
relat
ed w
orkers
23.7
7.410.4
3.6
17.4
36.2
7.9
19.3
8.7
64.0
30.4
44.0
20.7
29.8
8.80.0
15.4
26.8
54.6
12.4
44.6
23.1
11.75.2
54.1
70605040302010
0
(%)
25-34 years old
25.7
35-44 years old
18.3
45-54 years old
21.8
55-64 years old
16.3
65 years old and over
6.5
15-24 yearsold
11.4
9.4 26.5 20.6 19.5 16.5 7.5
8.8 23.4 23.8 18.0 17.3 8.7
7.5 22.0 25.4 20.6 14.8 9.7
0 20 40 60 80 100
19986.65 million
persons
20036.72 million
persons
20087.16 million
persons
20137.48 million
persons
(%)Component ratio of labour force by age
30 Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014 31Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014
While the Employment Environment is Improving, Problems, Such as Mismatching, Still Prevail
1 The Jobs-to-applicants Ratio is Improving 5 The Turnover Rate is High Among Young Males and Females: It is Also High Among Males After Retirement Due to Re-employment
2 Job Applicant and Job Offer Conditions Vary Greatly with Occupation: The Jobs-to-applicants Ratio is High in the Security, Construction and Mining Occupations
6 The Unemployment Rate for Tokyo Fluctuates Approximately Between 4% to 5%
3 The Ratio of Person Who Found Employment is Improving
8 The Number of Employment Insurance Beneficiaries and the Amount of Benefits Decreased for Three Consecutive Years
7 The Number of Persons Who Leave Their Jobs Due to Circumstances of the Management is on the Decrease
4 Both Accession and Separation Rates are High in the Accommodations, Eating and Drinking Service Sectors
Source: MHLW“SurveyonEmploymentTrends”
Note: Theratioofpersonswhofoundemploymentisthepercentageofpersonswhofoundemploymenttothetotalnumberofnewjobseekers.After2008,personswho foundemploymentaredivided into regularemployeesandnon-regularemployees.
Source: TokyoLabourBureau,MHLWstatistics
Source: TokyoLabourBureaustatistics
Source: MHLW“SurveyonEmploymentTrends”
Note: Thenumberofbeneficiaries isamonthlyaverage.Theamountofbenefitspaidistheamountofthebasicallowance(baseline).
Source: TokyoLabourBureaustatistics
Note: Figuresareannualaverages.DataforTokyoareprovidedafter1997.Thenationalunemploymentratefor2011isacomplementaryestimate.
Source: MIC“LabourForceSurvey”
Source: MHLW“SurveyonEmploymentTrends”
Note: Part-timeworkersareexcluded.Theactive jobs-to-applicantsratio isasofDecember2012.
Source: TokyoLabourBureaustatistics
Non-regular employeesNon-regular employees
14.8
Regular employeesRegular employees
6.8
8.3
Tokyo
22.5
15.1
6.7
8.3
15.0
Nationwide
30.2
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
02004 05 06 07 08 09 10 1211 13
(10,000 persons) (%)Ratio of persons who found employment (right scale)
Persons who found employment (Tokyo)
Number of persons who found employment and ratio of persons who found employment
32.5
26.1
31.4
23.7
Accession rate and separation rate by industry (2012)
30
20
10
0
(%)Accession rateSeparation rate
10.511.3
9.8 9.1
6.36.76.57.7
5.9
9.08.6 7.7 7.07.5
20.521.7
9.88.8
11.2
7.2
14.714.9
10.210.3
All
indu
strie
s
Con
stru
ctio
n
Man
ufac
turin
g
Info
rmat
ion
and
com
mun
icat
ions
Tran
spor
t and
pos
tal a
ctiv
ities
Who
lesa
le a
nd re
tail
trade
Fina
nce
and
insu
ranc
e
Rea
l est
ate
and
goo
ds re
ntal
and
leas
ing
Acc
omm
odat
ions
, eat
ing
and
drin
king
ser
vice
s
Edu
catio
n, le
arni
ng s
uppo
rt
Med
ical
, hea
lth c
are
and
wel
fare
Ser
vice
s, n
.e.c
.
2.6
2.1
27.5
1985 86 87 88 89 90 92 9391 94 95 96 97 98 99 012000 03 0402 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
(%)
Nationwide
Tokyo
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
(10,000 persons)
Unemployment rate and number of unemployed persons
Unemployment rate
Number of unemployed persons (Tokyo) (right scale)
31.233.6
4.04.04.34.3
4.24.24.54.5
5.65.6
4.14.1
5.45.4
53.358.973.7
Number of employment insurance beneficiaries
949
857
1,419
Amount of benefits paid (right scale)
0
50
100
150
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 1110 12 (FY)0
500
1,000
1,500(100 million yen)(1,000 persons)
Number of employment insurance beneficiaries and amount of benefits paid
Employment in Tokyo – Job Opening/Job ApplicationsEmployment in Tokyo – Job Opening/Job Applications
21.2
8.413.0
4.3 2.82.44.0 2.6 2.2
9.3 7.37.9
16.212.1
5.82.5
0.4 1.4 0.63.6 2.8 2.0
25
20
15
10
5
0
(10,000 persons)
(Times)
1.86
0.27
1.38 2.05
5.70
3.232.16
0.66 0.31
6543210
Active jobs-to-applicants ratio
The status of new job openings for general employment by occupation (FY2012)
Number of new job offersNumber of new job applicationsNumber of persons who found employment
Pro
fess
iona
l and
eng
inee
ring
wor
kers
Cle
rical
wor
kers
Sal
es w
orke
rs
Ser
vice
wor
kers
Sec
urity
wor
kers
Man
ufac
turin
g p
roce
ss w
orke
rs
Tran
spor
t and
mac
hine
ope
ratio
n wo
rker
sC
onst
ruct
ion
and
min
ing
wor
kers
Carry
ing, c
leanin
g, p
acka
ging,
and
rela
ted
wor
kers
(Reg
roup
ed)
IT-r
elat
ed w
orke
rs
Wel
fare
-rel
ated
wor
kers
11.3
6.0
4.2
13.6
13.5
6.6
0
5
10
15
20
Less than 19 years old
20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65 years and over
(%)
Male
Female
Turnover accession rate by gender and by age (nationwide; 2012)
Number of persons who leave their jobs by reasons for leaving (nationwide)
2004 05 06 07 08 09 1110 12
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
(10,000 persons)
641.4
435.5
33.6
96.2
52.2
685.4
482.8
33.8
89.5
55.5
672.9
467.5
35.4
104.8
47.4
Expiry of the contractDue to circumstances of the managementRetirement ageDue to personal faultPersonal reasonsDeath and sickness
2.13
0.780.78
1.34
0.43
3.21
1.26
2.32
0.70
1.27
0.76
2.02
2.66
1.66
1.64
0.97
0
1
2
3
4
1998 99 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1110 12 (FY)
New jobs-to-applicants ratio (regular workers excluding part-timers)Active jobs-to-applicants ratio (regular workers excluding part-timers)New jobs-to-applicants ratio (regular part-timers)Active jobs-to-applicants ratio (regular part-timers)
(Times)
Jobs-to-applicants ratio (new and active)
32 Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014 33Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014
Wages Vary With the Industry Sector and the Employment Type
1 The Total Amount of Cash Wages Is High in the Finance and Insurance Industries and Low in the Accommodations, Eating and Drinking services
1 The Percentage of Young Employees to the Total Number of Employees Has Been Decreasing
3 Monthly Hours Worked are Longer in the Construction Industry etc.
2 Wage Disparities Between Males and Females and Between Regular and Non-regular Staffs Become Greater as the Length of Service Becomes Longer
2 The Active Jobs-to-applicants Ratio is High Among People Aged 20 to 24 and Low Among People Aged 25 to 34
4 Working Hours are Longest Among Males in Their 20s and 30s
4 The Percentage of Non-regular Employees Aged 25 to 34 is on the Increase
3 The Unemployment Rate for Young People is Higher Than the Overall Unemployment Rate
Note: Establishmentswith5ormoreregularemployees.Source: TMG“MonthlyLabourSurvey”
Note: Youngpeopleheremeanpersonsaged15to34.Source: TMG“LabourForceSurvey”
Note: Establishmentswith5ormoreregularemployees.Source: TMG“MonthlyLabourSurvey”
Note: Youngpeopleheremeanpersonsaged15to34.Source: TMG“LabourForceSurvey”
Note: Youngpeopleheremeanpersonsaged15to34.For theagegroupof15to24,persons inschoolareexcluded.The figure for2011 isasupplementaryestimate.
Source: MIC“LabourForceSurvey”
Note: Establishmentswith10regularemployeesormore.Source: MHLW“BasicSurveyonWageStructure”
Note: FiguresareasofOctoberineachyear.Youngpeopleheremeanpersonsaged20to34
Source: TokyoLabourBureau“AnnualReportonEmploymentSecurityAdministration”
Note: Establishmentswith10regularemployeesormore.Sumofactualnumberofscheduledhoursworkedandovertimeworked.
Source: MHLW“BasicSurveyonWageStructure”
The Employment Environment for Young People Has Improved in Recent Years
Average monthly cash earnings per person (2012)
Scheduled cash earnings
Non-scheduled cash earnings
Special cash earnings
55.1
28.5
10.8
49.3
58.4
16.3
29.1 30.5
53.759.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70(10,000 yen)
Con
stru
ctio
n
Man
ufac
turin
g
Info
rmat
ion
and
com
mun
icat
ions
Tran
spor
t and
pos
tal a
ctiv
ities
Who
lesa
le a
nd re
tail
trade
Fina
nce
and
insu
ranc
e
Real
estat
e and
good
s ren
tal an
d lea
sing
Scien
tific r
esea
rch, p
rofes
siona
l and
tech
nical
servi
ces
Acco
mmod
ation
s, ea
ting a
nd dr
inking
servi
ces
Living
-relat
ed an
d pers
onal
servi
ces a
nd am
usem
ent s
ervice
s
Edu
catio
n, le
arni
ng s
uppo
rt
Med
ical
, hea
lth c
are
and
wel
fare
Ser
vice
s, n
.e.c
.
(By
size
of e
stab
lishm
ent)
5 to
29
empl
oyee
s
30 to
99
empl
oyee
s
100
to 4
99 e
mpl
oyee
s
500
empl
oyee
s or
mor
e
(By
type
of e
mpl
oym
ent)
Full-
time
empl
oyee
s
Par
t-tim
e em
ploy
ees
Total hours worked per month (2012)
115.6 114.8128.7
167.2
138.9153.9
166.3
87.2
169.2 167.2176.4
148.3
0
50
100
150
200(Hours)
Scheduled hours worked
Non-scheduled hours worked
All
indu
strie
s
Con
stru
ctio
n
Man
ufac
turin
g
Info
rmat
ion
and
com
mun
icat
ions
Tran
spor
t and
pos
tal a
ctiv
ities
Who
lesa
le a
nd re
tail
trade
Fina
nce
and
insu
ranc
e
Real
estat
e and
good
s ren
tal an
d lea
sing
Scien
tific r
esea
rch, p
rofes
siona
l and
tech
nical
servi
ces
Acco
mmod
ation
s, ea
ting a
nd dr
inking
servi
ces
Living
-relat
ed an
d pers
onal
servi
ces a
nd am
usem
ent s
ervice
s
Edu
catio
n, le
arni
ng s
uppo
rt
Med
ical
, hea
lth c
are
and
wel
fare
Ser
vice
s, n
.e.c
.
(By
size
of e
stab
lishm
ent)
5 to
29
empl
oyee
s
30 to
99
empl
oyee
s
100
to 4
99 e
mpl
oyee
s
500
empl
oyee
s or
mor
e
(By
type
of e
mpl
oym
ent)
Full-
time
empl
oyee
s
Par
t-tim
e em
ploy
ees
Actual number of total hours worked per month by age and gender (nationwide; 2013)
20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 years old
Male
Female
178
172
180
173
177
169
177
166
190
180
170
160
0
(Hours)
1.03
0.91
Total population
0.80
1.07
30 to 34 years old
0.65
0.86
20 to 24 years old1.78
1.74
1.35
0.99
25 to 29 years old
0.72
0.92
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
(Times)
Active jobs-to-applicants ratio for young people by age group
5.7
5.0
8.0
7.1
5.7
4.9
4.2
4.7
4.5
15 to 24 years old
25 to 34 years old
Total population
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
(%) Unemployment rate for young people by age group
414
301
113
Number of young non-regular employees and share in the national total (nationwide)
32.1
30.4
21.5
35.2 36.7
32.3
27.431.2
26.5
431406
297
109
283
148
15 to 24 years old
Total population
25 to 34 years old
15 to 24 years old
25 to 34 years old
40
30
20
500
400
300
200
100
0
(%)
(10,000 persons)
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 1211 13
Percentage of non-regular employees to the total number of employed persons
Number of non-regular employees
Employment in Tokyo – Young PeopleEmployment in Tokyo – Wages and Work Hours
Scheduled cash earnings by employment type (nationwide; 2013)
449.9
253.6
207.6
201.2172.2
340.2
255.6
188.7
500
400
300
200
100
0less than 1 year
1 to 2 3 to 4 5 to 9 10 to 14 15 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 29 30 years and over
(1,000 yen)
Male
Female
Non-regular staff
Regular staff
Number of young employees by age group and share of young employees in the total number of employees
35.429.6 29.2
20.920.9
15.715.9
22.6
16.8
5.15.8 5.3
25
20
15
10
5
0
40
20
0
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 1211 13
(%)
(100 thousand persons)
Percentage of young employed persons among total employed persons
Employed persons aged 25 to 34
Employed persons aged 15 to 24
34 Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014 35Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014
The Number of Employed Persons Aged 65 and Over Has Increased, Producing Motivated Elderly Workers
1 The Number of Employed Females is Increasing
1 One Out of Every Four Employed Persons is 55 Years Old or Older
3 The Number of Employed Persons Significantly Decreases Among Both Males and Females Aged 65 and Over
3 Compared to Males, the Percentage of Part-time Workers is High Among Middle-aged and Older Females
2 Employed Persons Aged 55 and Over Account for More Than 50% in the Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Industries; the Real Estate Industry; and the Goods Rental and Leasing Industry
2 Female Workers Account for 70% of Employed Persons in the Medical, Health Care, and Welfare Services
4 The Female Labour Force Participation Rate in Japan Drops in the Age Groups of 30 to 39: Compared to 10 Years Ago, the Bottom of the M-curve Has Risen
4 The Unemployment Rates in the Age Groups of 55 to 59 and 65 and Over are Lower Than the Overall Unemployment Rate
Source: TMG“LabourForceSurvey” Source: MIC“PopulationCensus”
Source: MIC“EmploymentStatusSurvey”
Note: Theoverall unemployment rate indicates theunemployment rate for thetotalgroup(unemployedpersonsaged15andover).Thefigurefor2011isasupplementaryestimate.
Source: MIC“LabourForceSurvey”
Source: MIC“PopulationCensus” Source: TMG“LabourForceSurvey”
Note: Peoplewhosedetaileddataareunknownareexcluded.Source: MIC“PopulationCensus” Source: ILO“LABORSTAInternet”
Working Women are Increasing, and Many are Part-time Workers
55 to 64 years old
55 years old and over
65 years old and over
30
20
10
0
200
150
100
50
0
(%)
(10,000 persons)
Number of employed persons aged 55 and over and share in the total number of employed persons
Share in the total number of employed persons
Number of employed persons
2004 05 06 07 08 09 10 1211 13
65 years old and over
55 to 64 years old
25.1
17.3
7.8
160.3
49.7
110.6
176.8
66.6
110.2
176.4
70.4
106.0
9.4
15.6
25.0
9.8
14.8
24.6
6.2
3.4
2.5
1.5
4.6
4.3
3.7
2.3
4.0
3.4
2.3
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
01997 98 99 2000 030201 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
(%)
Overall
60-64 years old
55-59 years old
65 years old and over
Unemployment rate by age group (over 55 years of age) (nationwide)
Number of employed females and percentage of female by industry (2013)
(1,000 persons)
Percentage of female (right scale)
603
64194
187
70145
87161
273
151198
496
225
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
(%)75
50
25
0
50.450.4 51.251.253.853.8 56.656.6
54.454.4
70.870.8
Con
stru
ctio
n
Man
ufac
turin
g
Info
rmat
ion
and
com
mun
icat
ions
Tran
spor
t and
pos
tal a
ctiv
ities
Who
lesa
le a
nd re
tail
trade
Fina
nce
and
insu
ranc
e
Rea
l est
ate
and
good
s re
ntal
and
leas
ing
Sci
entif
ic re
sear
ch, p
rofe
ssio
nal
and
tech
nica
l ser
vice
s
Acc
omm
odat
ion
eatin
g a
nd d
rinki
ng s
ervi
ces
Livi
ng-r
elat
ed a
nd p
erso
nal s
ervi
ces
and
am
usem
ent s
ervi
ces
Edu
catio
n, le
arni
ng s
uppo
rt
Med
ical
, hea
lth c
are
and
wel
fare
Ser
vice
s, n
.e.c
.
Number of employed persons by age group and by employment type (2012)
Self-employed workersExecutive of company or corporationPart-time workersDispatched workers from temporary labour agencyOthers
Family workersRegular employeesArbeit (temporary workers)Contract employees or entrusted employees
Male Female
0 10 20 30 40 605060 50 40 30 20 10 0(10,000 persons)(10,000 persons)
10.0
5.1 32.3 24.6
36.8 20.1 4.7
41.3 17.9 7.6
41.6 16.1 10.2
34.3 13.9 10.6
26.9 9.5 9.2
20.0
9.56.4 7.5
5.8 6.9 8.6
6.4 4.7 9.3
4.5 5.1 4.6 7.311.4 13.44.8
10.4 12.4 10.3
15-19 years old
20-24 years old
25-29 years old
30-34 years old
35-39 years old
40-44 years old
45-49 years old
50-54 years old
55-59 years old
60-64 years old
65 years old and over
Female labour force participation rate by country and by age (2000, 2010)
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64years old
(%)
Japan(2000)
Sweden(2000)
USA(2000)
Japan(2010)
Sweden(2010)
USA(2010)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Employment in Tokyo – WomenEmployment in Tokyo – Senior Citizens
27.7
62.8
35.3
30.7
9.9
34.028.2
15.8
53.0
26.929.931.927.6
26.142.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30(10,000 persons)
010
20
30
4050
6070(%)
Number of employed persons aged 55 and over by industry and by age and share in the total number of employed persons in each industry (2010)
55-59 years old70-74 years old
60-64 years old75 years old and over
65-69 years old
Percentage of employed persons aged 55 and over to the total number of employed persons (right scale)
All
indu
strie
s
Agr
icul
ture
, for
estry
and
fish
erie
s
Con
stru
ctio
n
Man
ufac
turin
g
Info
rmat
ion
and
com
mun
icat
ions
Tran
spor
t and
pos
tal a
ctiv
ities
Who
lesa
le a
nd re
tail
trade
Fina
nce
and
insu
ranc
e
Rea
l est
ate
and
goo
ds re
ntal
and
leas
ing
Sci
entif
ic re
sear
ch, p
rofe
ssio
nal
and
tech
nica
l ser
vice
s
Acc
omm
odat
ion
eatin
g a
nd d
rinki
ng s
ervi
ces
Livi
ng-r
elat
ed a
nd p
erso
nal s
ervi
ces
and
am
usem
ent s
ervi
ces
Edu
catio
n, le
arni
ng s
uppo
rt
Med
ical
, hea
lth c
are
and
wel
fare
Ser
vice
s, n
.e.c
.
28.329.1
17.8
9.88.1
2.9
2.5
19.8 19.5
11.6
1.61.2
5.4
1.7
6.1
2.1
5.1
1.3
1.81.21.7
9.7
4.2
1.21.3
9.1
6.4
2.8
2.4
2.3
3.61.24.0
4.9
3.5
4.0
1.5
5.9
5.6
11.3
2.8
4.5
2.0
17.3
55-59 years old
60-64 years old
65-69 years old
70-74 years old
75 years old and over
55-59 years old
60-64 years old
65-69 years old
70-74 years old
75 years old and over
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(10,000 persons)
Temporary employees Part-time employees and othersRegular employeesSelf-employed, employing others
Self-employed, not employing others Family employees Piece rate workBoard member of company, etc
FemaleMale
Number of employed persons aged 55 and over by gender, age, and employment status (2010)
Number of employed females and share of all employed persons
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
01955 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 2000 05 10
42.5300
200
100
0
41.5
29.2
(10,000 persons) (%)
97.6
245.2
Number of employed females
Percentage of female (right scale)
255.2
36 Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014 37Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014
The Employment of Persons with Disabilities Needs to be Further Promoted due to Increased Statutory Employment Rates
The Number of Part-time Workers in Labour Unions Has Increased and Various Institutions are Used as the Means to Solve Labour-management Disputes
1 The Number of Employed Persons with Disabilities is Increasing
3 The Number of Employed Persons with Disabilities is Greatest in the Manufacturing Industry
2 The Actual Employment Rate Increases with the Increasing Size of a Company
1 Compared to 20 Years Ago, the Number of Labour Unions and the Number of Union Members Have Decreased by More Than 10%
3 The Number of Labour Consultations Remains High and Petitioning for Labour Dispute Adjudication Has Become a Common Practice
4 The Percentages of Employed Persons with Physical Disabilities and Those with Intellectual Disabilities are High in the Manufacturing Industry, Whereas the Percentage of Employed Persons with Mental Disabilities is High in the Service Industry
2 The Number of Part-time Workers in Labour Unions Has Increased
4 Consultations on Retirement Account for the Highest Percentage of Labour Consultations
Note:Thestatutoryemploymentrateforprivateenterpriseswasrevisedto2.0%onApril1,2013(previously1.8%).Fortheemploymentrateandthenumberofemployedpersons,wecounted,asprescribedbylaw,onepersonwithseverephysicalorintellectualdisabilitiesastwo,onepart-timeworker(workerswhoseprescribedworkinghoursperweekaremorethan20hoursandlessthan30hours)withseverephysicalorintellectualdisabilitiesasonefull-timeworker,andonepart-timeworkerwithnon-severephysical,intellectual,ormentaldisabilitiesas0.5persons.PersonswithmentaldisabilitieswereincludedinthetargetsforthecalculationofemploymentrateonApril1,2006.
Note: FiguresareasofJune1ineachyear.Duetoasystemreform,figuresbefore2010andthoseafter2011shouldnotbecomparedatfacevalue.
Source: TokyoLaborBureauMaterials
Note: FiguresareasofJune1 ineachyear.Theagriculture, forestry,andfisheriesindustries andminingandquarrying of stoneandgravel industries areexcluded.
Source: TokyoLaborBureauMaterials
Note: FiguresareasofJune1ineachyear.Duetoasystemreform,figuresbefore2010andthoseafter2011shouldnotbecomparedatfacevalue.
Source: TokyoLaborBureauMaterials
Note: AsofJune1eachyear.Source: TokyoLaborBureauMaterials
Note: FiguresareasofJune30ineachyearandrepresentthenumberofunitlabourunions.
Source: MHLW“BasicSurveyonLabourUnions”
Note: Whenoneconsultationinvolvesmorethanoneissue,allissuesarecounted.“Bulliedandharassed”isincludedafterFY2008.ThelisteditemsarethetopsixitemsforFY2012.
Source: TMG“OutlineonLabourConsultationandMediation”
Note: AsofeachJune30.Source: TMGBureauofIndustrialandLaborAffairsResearch
Note: The labor tribunal systemwasestablished in2006.The figure for 2006representsfiguresfromApriltoDecember.
Source: CourtData
Actual employment rate by company size
2003
(%)
Legal employment rate 2.0
1.231.33
0.85Tokyo (50 to 299 employees)
Tokyo (1,000 or more employees)Nationwide
Tokyo (Overall)
Tokyo (300 to 999 employees)
1.88
1.69
1.66
1.51
0.93
1.96
1.761.721.57
0.96
1.48
1.50
04 05 06 07 08 09 10 1211 13
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
Number of employed persons with disabilities and actual employment rate by industry (2013)
Mentally disabledIntellectually disabledPhysically disabled
40
30
20
10
0
321
(1,000 persons)
(%)
36.5
4.3 1.4
12.6 9.9
19.611.3
5.92.6 5.1 2.7 1.9
7.00.4
24.2
1.441.46 1.64
1.75
1.59
1.83
1.671.741.881.92 1.88
1.49 1.54
Legal employment rate 2.0
1.59 1.831.72
All
indu
strie
s
Con
stru
ctio
n
Man
ufac
turin
g
Ele
ctric
ity, g
as, h
eat s
uppl
y an
d w
ater
Info
rmat
ion
and
com
mun
icat
ions
Tran
spor
t and
pos
tal a
ctiv
ities
Who
lesa
le a
nd re
tail
trade
Fina
nce
and
insu
ranc
e
Rea
l est
ate
and
good
s re
ntal
and
leas
ing
Sci
entif
ic re
sear
ch, p
rofe
ssio
nal
and
tech
nica
l ser
vice
sA
ccom
mod
atio
ns, e
atin
g a
nd d
rinki
ng s
ervi
ces
Livi
ng-r
elat
ed a
nd p
erso
nal s
ervi
ces
and
am
usem
ent s
ervi
ces
Edu
catio
n, le
arni
ng s
uppo
rt
Med
ical
, hea
lth c
are
and
wel
fare
Com
poun
d se
rvic
es
Ser
vice
s, n
.e.c
.
Number of labour unions and number of union members
1963 68 73 78 83 88 93 98 08 132003
(10,000 persons)300
250
200
150
100
50
0
(Thousand unions)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
5.85.8
9.49.4
7.57.57.77.7
214.8214.8
210.1210.1138.3138.3
243.9243.9
Number of labour unions (right scale)
Number of union membersNumber of union members
Number of labour consultations at Tokyo Metropolitan Labour Consultation Center
Number of petitions for labor tribunal filed with the Tokyo District Court
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 1110 12 (FY)
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 1110 12
258
1,100 1,053
1,2001,000
800600400200
0
6
4
2
0
(Cases)
(10,000 cases)
5.25.25.25.24.94.9
Employment in Tokyo – Labour Management RelationsEmployment in Tokyo –Persons with Disabilities
Component ratios of labour consultations by category
2003
Dismissal
Bullied and harassed
Unpaid wages
Labour contract
Retirement
Unemployment Insurance
(%)
04 05
14.2
11.3
8.5
5.4
4.4
6.4
10.7
8.8
7.97.36.8
4.7
06 07 08 09 1110 12 (FY)
15
12
9
6
3
0
Number of persons with disabilities employed by private companies
2007
9.3
08
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
009 10 1211 13
1.3
0.10.1
10.7
(10,000 persons)
10.5
1.8
0.40.412.7
Mentally disabled
Intellectually disabledIntellectually disabled
Physically disabledPhysically disabled
11.0
2.0
0.50.513.5
11.3
2.2
0.70.7
14.1
11.6
2.4
0.90.9
14.9
Number of part-time workers in labour unions, share of the total number of union members, and share of the
labour unions with part-time workers in the total number of labour unions
Percentage of part-time workers in labour unions to the total number of union members (right scale)
(10,000 persons)
(%)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
16
12
8
Percentage of labour unions with part-time workers to the total number of labour unions
9.2
4.3
15.8 15.9
13.311.7
2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 1211 13
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
(%)
Number of union members who are part-time employeesNumber of union members who are part-time employees
28.228.2
24.324.3
8.78.7
Source: TMG“OutlineonLabourConsultationandMediation”
Physically disabled116.2
thousand persons
Intellectually disabled24.1
thousand persons
Mentally disabled8.9
thousand persons
Component ratio of employed persons with disabilities by industry (2013)
25.6 25.6
23.223.2
13.113.1 5.45.4 5.317.0
7.67.6 10.9 5.2 17.716.7
11.0 26.6
9.09.4
0 20 40 60 80 100(%)
6.56.5 4.5 15.112.1
Construction Manufacturing Electricity, gas, heat supply and waterInformation and communications Transport and postal activities Wholesale and retail trade Finance and insuranceReal estate and goods rental and leasingScientific research, professional and technical servicesAccommodations, eating and drinking servicesLiving-related and personal services and amusement servicesEducation, learning support Medical, health care and welfareCompound services Services, n.e.c. Others
38 Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014 39Industry and Employment in Tokyo - A Graphic Overview 2014