Adrenal gland- An endocrine gland that sits on top of the kidney

Renal pelvis- The expanded proximal end of the ureter, the renal pelvis receives urine from the calyces

Renal Capsule- carries oxygenated blood to the kidney.

Renal vein-Carries de- oxygenated blood away from the kidney

Medulla- The middle portion of the internal structure of the kidney.

Ureter- Tubule that drains urine from the kidney into the bladder

Cortex- The outer portion of the internal structure of the kidney

Abdominal Aorta- The renal arteries branch off from this large blood vessel.

Inferior vena cava- The main blood vessel that drains blood from the lower part of the body.

Calyx- The cuplike extension of the renal pelvis that urine empties into.

Maintain the balance of water and concentration of minerals. Such as sodium, potassium, and phosphorus in your blood

Remove waste by products from the blood after digestion, muscle activity and exposure to chemical or medications.

Produce venin, an enzymes that help regulate blood pressure.

Produces erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cells.

Produces an active form of vitamin D

Acute Kidney Injury- Can occur with blood loss, the sudden reduction of blood loss, the sudden reduction of blood flow to the kidney.

Chronic Kidney disease- means kidneys are damaged and cant filter blood as they should. This could cause waste to build up in your body. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common cause of chronic kidney disease. The only option for kidney failure are dialysis or kidney transplantation.

Kidney Stone- Is a solid concretion or crystal aggregation formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine

The risk of stone formation includes low fluid intake and high dietary intake of animal protein, sodium, refined sugars, fructose and high fructose corn syrup.

They leave the body by passage in the urine stream.

80% is men with kidney stone between the ages of 30-40.

Occurs when one or both of the kidneys suddenly stop working.

Symptoms- Accumulation of fluid characterized by swelling and decrease of urination and sudden fatigue

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