the khoisan language family
DESCRIPTION
The Khoisan Language Family. Presentation by Nicole Carpenter. What does Khoisan Sound like?. Where Khoisan is C urrently Spoken?. Namibia Angola South Africa Botswana Tanzania. 28 Khoisan languages Currently spoken 13 with over 1,000 speakers 3 Language branches - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Khoisan Language FamilyPresentation by Nicole Carpenter
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What does Khoisan Sound like?
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Where Khoisan is Currently Spoken?
• Namibia• Angola • South Africa• Botswana• Tanzania
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Khoisan
Hatsa
Hadza
Sandawe
Sandawe
Southern Africa
Central: Hainum, Kwadi, Nama (Korana, Nama, Xiri) Tshu-khwe
(Shua, Kua, Tsoa, Khwe, Ani, Gana, Naro, Gwi)
Northern: !O!ung, Ju|’hoan, Kung-Ekoka, Maligo, Mangetti Dune !
Xung, Vasekela Bushman, ‡Kx’au||’ein
Southern: !Kwi (N|u, Seroa, |Xam, Xegwi), Hua (!Xóõ,
‡Hua)
• 28 Khoisan languages Currently spoken
• 13 with over 1,000 speakers• 3 Language branches• Of Africa’s smallest Language
Families
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Adopters of Clicks
• Neighboring Bantu languages• Zulu, Xhosa, Tsonga
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Origins and Evolution of Khoisan• Khoisan appeared 60,000 years ago• Among most ancient languages• Important until modern decline• Many languages extinct or endangered
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Decline of Speakers• Cape Bushman extinguished 1750-1900• Khoekhoe and Europeans enslaved speakers• European colonization 1700s-1900s • Nama enjoys official language title
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Why Clicks?• Early stage of human language• Onomatopoetic imitations of natural sounds• Could also be sound symbolism
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Types of Clicks• Bilabial: ʘ• Dental: |• Alveolar: !• Lateral: ǁ• Palatal: ǂ
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Bibliography"AFRICAN FIRST PEOPLES: THE BUSHWO/MEN." AFRICAN
FIRST PEOPLES: THE BUSHWO/MEN. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.khoisanpeoples.org/>.
Dalby, Andrew. "Khoisan Languages." Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More than 400 Languages. New York: Columbia UP, 1998. 315-16. Print.
Fish, Bruce, and Becky Durost. Fish. South Africa: 1880 to the Present: Imperialism, Nationalism, and Apartheid. APhiladelphia, PA: Chelsea House, 2001. Print.
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"Imperialism in South Africa - European Colonization." Imperialism in South Africa - European Colonization. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://freeafrica.weebly.com/european-colonization.html>.
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"Khoisan Language Family ." About World Languages. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://aboutworldlanguages.com/khoisan-language-family>.
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"LESSON 1 OUTLINE." Lesson 1: Africa in Context. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <https://courseware.e-education.psu.edu/courses/earth105new/content/lesson01/06.html>.
Pendleton, Wade C. "Khoikhoi." The World Book Encyclopedia 2011. Chicago: World Book, 2011. 308b. Print.
Saunders, Christopher. "South Africa." The World Book Encyclopedia 2011. Chicago: World Book, 2011. 608-21. Print.
"Watch Khoisan Languages Video." OVGuide. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.ovguide.com/khoisan-languages-9202a8c04000641f8000000000023435>.