the internet and web

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.

The Internet and Web

Internet Technology Internet Communications Web technology Web Applications

Please turn your cell phone off.


Internet Technology

http://www.cybergeography.org/atlas/atlas.html (topology)


Internet Hardware Internet Backbone

The core networks that make up the Internet. Originally one central network called ARPANET Today made up of several

network service providersworking together.

ARPANET


Internet Hardware

Network Service Providers Major telecom companies

that provide the Internet backbone.

Network Service Providers27.9% UUNET/WorldCom/

MCI

10.0% AT&T

6.5% Sprint

6.3% Genuity (level 3)

4.1% PSINet

3.5% Cable & Wireless

2.8% XO Communications

2.6% Verio

1.5% Qwest


#1 UUNet #2 AT&T

#3 Sprint #4 Genuity


Sprint Europe

AT&T Global


Internet Hardware

Points of Presence (POPs) Facilities provided by Network Service Providers

that allow users to connect to the Internet backbone.

Internet Service Providers Companies that provide users with access to the

Internet.

Top 22 ISP’s: http://www.isp-planet.com/research/rankings/usa.html


Internet Hardware

Routers: computing devices that manage network traffic by evaluating data packets and routing them to their distination. The Cisco CRS-1 router is

controlled by a unique self-healing and self-defending operating system designed for always-on operation while scaling system capacity up to 92 Tbps. Routers such as this one manage traffic on the Internet Backbone.

7’

http://computer.howstuffworks.com/router1.htm


Packet Switching

Packet Switching Network divide all network data into small packets

for faster more efficient delivery.

Dear Joan,

Hi! How’s it goin’? Just finished midterms, and it looks like I might graduate this semester after all! :-) My computer teacher is really great and I guess that I learned more than I thought in those wonderful lectures that I had previously written you about….

Dear Joan,

Hi! How’s it goin’? Just finished midterms, and it looks like I might graduate this semester after all! :-) My computer teacher is really great and I guess that I learned more than I thought in those wonderful lectures that I had previously written you about….

An email message


Packet Switching

learned more than I thought in those wonderful lectures that I had previously written you about….


Divided into packets

looks like I might graduate this semester after all! :-) My computer teacher is really great and I guess that I


Dear Joan,

Hi! How’s it goin’? Just finished midterms, and it

Dear Joan,



Packet Switching

Packet headers added

Dear Joan,


Dear Joan,


Message 3761HZA Date May 1

Packet 1 of 3From [email protected] [email protected]

Message 3761HZA Date May 1

Packet 1 of 3From [email protected] [email protected]



Message 3761HZA Date May 1 Packet 3 of 3From [email protected] [email protected]







Packet Switching

Each packet sent individually over the network


Packet Switched Network

email

emailRouter

Router

Router

Router

Router

Router

RouterRouter

Router

Router

Router

Router

Router

Router

Router


Circuit Switched Network


Packet Switching

Packet switching is much more efficient than circuit switching.

Technology: Networking/Telecoms Wednesday 28 May 2003

Sprint moves to packet-switch networkSprint is to change its entire circuit-switched telephone network to packet technology in an attempt to keep up with customer demand for capacity.Sprint's eight million lines will be moved over to the packet-based asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) system, allowing voice, video and data to be broken down into small digital blocks and sent, in effect, simultaneously.This allows the network to be used more efficiently, and will also allow new multimedia services, Sprint said.Sprint is the first major telecoms company to move all of its local, tandem and long-distance networks over to packet technology, according to Nortel Networks spokeswoman Ann Fuller.


Packets Demo

Demo http://acns.fsu.edu/~zeisler/usedu

.html


Protocols

Rules that govern how data is transmitted and received.

Govern all Network and Internet communications: The Internet The Web Email Instant Messaging Etc.


Internet Protocols

TCP/IP Transaction Control Protocol (TCP): Divides data into

packets for tramission, and reassembles data from packets upon delivery.

Internet Protocol (IP): Controls the delivery of packets between IP addresses.

IP Address a 32-bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of

information that is sent in packets across the Internet. 10000000.11111111.10110101.00010111 128.255.181.29 www.fsu.edu


Network Architectures

Client/Server Peer-to-Peer

Napster vs. Kazaa


Review: Internet Tech


Internet Communications


Types of Communication

Text Voice Video In person



Synchronous Communication takes place in real time. Phone conversation Instant Messaging

Asynchronous Communication allows participants to leave messages to be accessed whenever. Voice mail Email SMS Texting


1. Face-to-face

2. Video conferencing

3. Phone (voice)

4. Instant messaging/Chat

5. Voice mail

6. Email

7. SMS Texting

Syn

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Asy

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Text Communications

SMS Text Messaging Predictive Text Input

2abc1 3def

4ghi 5jkl 6mno

7pqrs 8tuv 9wxyz

0

4ghi 3def 5jkl 5jkl 6mno

Decipher this!

35 or 243 possible words

http://www.transl8it.com


Internet Broadcasts Blogs (Web logs)

websites created to express one or more individual’s views on a given topic (ie. http://www.bloglines.com/topblogs)

Blog Aggregator: software that allows you to subscribe to numerous blogs (ie. http://www.bradsoft.com/feeddemon/)

Podcast an MP3 audio file that contains a recorded broadcast

distributed over the Internet for use on PC or Mobile media device.

Podcast Aggregator: provides access to podcasts that may be set to automatically download to your PC (iTunes).

Vlog (Vodcast) Video-based blogs (www.vlogdir.com/)

RSS (Really Simple Syndication) A web-content distribution technology


Consumer Generated Media (CGM) The recent trend of the general public

capturing and reporting the news. www.current.tv


Voice over IP (VoIP)

Technology that enables network managers to route phone calls over the same network they use for data.

Future of Phones: http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/video_audio_archive/?all Also see Video Telephony


Residential VoIP

• Residential VoIP, Broadband Phone• Phone service over a broadband Internet

connection.

http://www.voipchoices.com/vonage.html


Review: Internet Communications


Web Technology


Web Protocols & Standards

HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol defines and controls communication between Web server and client.

URL: Uniform Resource Locator is the fancy name for a Web address.

HTML: Hypertext Markup Language is the formatting language used to define the appearance of Web pages.

XML: New and popular standard for describing and classifying data in a Web page.


The Internet

The Web

Communications

E-commerce

InformationDistribution

The Internet & Web


Browser Helpers & Plugins

Plug-ins: Programs that work with the browser to offer extended services –typically the ability to view animations or video, listen to music, or interact with the Webpage. Popular plug-ins include Flash and

Quicktime. Demos:http://harrypotter.warnerbros.comhttp://getitnow.vzwshop.com/vcast.home.dohttp://www.toyota.com/vehicles/2005/prius/int360.html


Programming the Web Java, Javascript, & J2ME

Programming languages with strong support for the Web and mobile devices such as cell phones.

ActiveX Microsoft’s answer to Javascript Downloaded/installed programs that run in

Webpages. Demo: http://www.nokia.com/nokia/0,6771,33213,00.html


Cookies

Data generated by a Web server, and stored on your computer.

Used to target marketing or customize a webpage when you next visit the server.

Demowww.amazon.com

IE/Tools/Options/Settings/


Web Tools

Search Engines: Helps us find information on the Web through keyword searches of databases built by spiders or crawlers (http://a9.com/).

Subject Directories: A catalog of sites collected and organized by people.

Portals: Web pages that serve as entry points to the Web.


Web Authoring

Web Authoring Software

Macromedia’s Dreamweaver software allows you to design Webpages and Websites using a WYSIWYG interface.


Review: Web Tech


Web Applications


Communication and Collaboration Blogs: Web logs provide a convenient means for

publishing to the Web and creating on-line public forums.

http://www.georgewbush.com/blog/ http://blog.johnkerry.com/


News and Information

On-line news services allow you to drill-down into the story to get background information and details.

Email news demo


Education and Training

Life-long learning is your future…NETg Offers…• 1,850 IT and

desktop e-Learning courses

• 1,300 business and professional development e-Learning courses

• 2,000 up to date, searchable, IT, Desktop and Business Books from Safari

• 250 instructor and student manuals for ILT training


E-commerce

E-commerce has opened up new opportunities in buying and selling.


Travel

The Web has transformed the travel industry.


Employment and Careers

The Web assists us in researching career possibilities: Selecting a career Researching companies Networking with colleagues Searching want ads Creating Resumes & Professional

Websites


Multimedia & Entertainment

Music Movies Games


Questions?

Don’t forget to turn your phone back on!!

the internet and web

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