the interdependence among living organisms with the environment
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THE INTERDEPENDENCEAMONG LIVING ORGANISMS
WITH THE ENVIRONMENT
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THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN ORGANISMS
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
There are various types of biological interactions such as prey-predator,commensalism, mutualism, parasitism, and competition. There are manyreasons on why biological interaction is important.
One of the importance of biological interaction is that it maintains the
food web. A food web shows the food relationship among livingorganisms and most food webs start with green plants. An example of afood web is that of grass eaten by a grasshopper, a grasshopper eatenby a frog, a frog eaten by a snake and an owl. If biological interactiondoesnt exist, many animals would die from starvation as the food webwouldnt exist.
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THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN ORGANISMS
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Another reason on why biological interaction is important is because
it controls the population of living organisms. A predator is a livingorganism that hunts other living organisms for food and a prey is a livingorganism that is hunted by predators. For example, a lion is a predator
and a zebra is its prey. The population of living organisms would beoverloaded if biological interaction didnt exist.
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INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS
Why Organisms InteractOrganisms (including humans) interact with eachother all the time, whether we know it or not. Most
of the interactions between species involve food: competing for the same food supply
eating
avoiding being eaten
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INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS
(a) Prey-Predator . The animals that hunt other animals forfood are called predators, while the hunted animals
are preys.(b) The predators which are carnivores have powerful
jaws, sharp and strong teeth, goodstereoscopic vision, sharp claws or hard and strong
beaks.(c) The preys have a wide field of monoscopic vision to
detect predators or are able to camouflagewith their surroundings in order to escape from the
predators.(d) The examples are tigers (predators) and horses (preys),
eagles (predators) and rabbit (preys).
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SYMBIOSIS:COMMENSALISM, PARASITISM AND MUTUALISM
Symbiosis
1. Insymbiosis, different organism live together in a closerelationship.
2. In symbiosis, one organism always benefits by receiving food, aplace to stay and shelter. The other
organism may benefit, be at a disadvantage or is not affected.
3. There are three types of symbiotic relationship, i.e.commensalism. parasitism and mutualism.
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SYMBIOSIS:COMMENSALISM, PARASITISM AND MUTUALISM
Commensalism
commensalism is a class of relationship between two organismswhere one organism benefits without affecting the other.
Examples of animals that live on other animals to obtain food
that fall out of the host's mouth, aswell as for shelter and transport are(a) remora fish that live on a shark
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SYMBIOSIS:COMMENSALISM, PARASITISM AND MUTUALISM
Parasitism
Parasitismis another type of interaction between twoorganism. Only one organism benefits. The other organism isnegatively or adversely affected.
A parasite is the organism that lives on or inside the otherorganism. The host is the organism on which the parasite lives.The host is negatively affected by this interaction. The parasitemay even kill the host.
A parasite obtains food, shelter and transport from the host.For example, a tick that lives on a host feeds on the host'sblood.
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SYMBIOSIS:COMMENSALISM, PARASITISM AND MUTUALISM
MutualismMutualism is the way two organisms of different species exist
in a relationship in which each individual benefits.
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THE ADVANTAGES AND THE DISADVANTAGES OF BIOLOGICAL
CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE
Advantages1)free of side effects2)safe to handle or use3)occurs naturally
4)survive of low host density
Disadvantages1)control is slow2)it is often unpredictable
3)slow to achieve results4)disruption of food chains
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BRIEFLY THE IMPORTANCE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN
MAINTAINING A BALANCE ECOSYSTEM
The Earth's atmosphere contains many different gases. Twogases that are of special importance to living organisms areoxygen and carbon dioxide. These two gases are used duringrespiration and photosynthesis. The atmosphere must have a
proper balance of these gases to support life.