the interaction model
DESCRIPTION
#4 in my series, Design of Digital Machines Describes what an interaction model is, how it breaks down into workflows, visualization standards, and interaction modeling challenges.TRANSCRIPT
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Interaction ModelHow do I use this thing?№ 4, Design of Digital MachinesTim Sheiner
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Digital Machine
ModelView
ControllerInput
Output
The four sub models of the machine
The interaction model corresponds most closely to the view.
object model
interaction model data model
2
conceptual model
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
First, a definition:
3
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
By a state of a system is meant any well-defined condition or property that can be recognized if it occurs again. Every system will naturally have many possible states.
Ashby, An Introduction to Cybernetics, 1956
4
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
How do I make a change?
5
The interaction model defines how to manipulate system state
๏ how do I interact with the system?๏ what are the workflows?๏ how can I influence outcome | output ?
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
The union of two perspectives
6
Human
Solution
Process
Steps
Actions
Machine
Application
Workflow
Tasks
Events
interaction model
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
In a nutshell...
7
interaction model
action
feedback
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
The interaction model is organized around workflows.
8
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Workflows are sequences of steps
1 2 3
9
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Steps have a duality
1 2 3
10
action
transformation
feedback
transition
transformation
transition
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Steps have a duality
1 2 3
10
action
steps have a duality:
➡ action/feedback
➡ transformation/transition
➡ input/output
➡ intent/outcome
transformation
feedback
transition
transformation
transition
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Workflows branch
1 2 or
3’
3 4
Standard Case
Error Case
11
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Workflows connect
1
Workflow B
2 3
1 2 or
3’
4
Workflow A
3
12
Output
Input
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
What defines a workflow?
Change complete.
13
Desire for change
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
What defines a workflow?
A Narrative
Beginning Middle End
14
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
What defines a workflow?
A Transformation
15
Object Object’Workflow
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Workflows transform objects.
16
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
A transformation is a change in state
e.g. object appearance
17
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
A transformation is a change in state
e.g. object behavior
1
2
3
18
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
A transformation is a change in state
e.g. object location
19
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
A transformation is a change in state
e.g. object value
$
Account 1 Account 2
$
Account 1 Account 2
20
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
The transformation is the change.
The transition is the feedback.
21
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Archetypal Workflows๏ authentication๏ content creation๏ content management๏ sharing๏ permission management๏ configuration management
22
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
AuthenticationProviding credentials in order to access content or functionality
23
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Content CreationAdding new information
24
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Content ManagementOrganizing information
25
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
SharingMaking content or resources available to others
26
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Permission ManagementControlling access to content or resources
27
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Configuration Management
28
Setting behaviors or preferences
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Communicating the Interaction Model
29
Several standard forms
๏ flow diagram๏ written scenario๏ storyboards๏ wireframes๏ prototypes
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
Interaction Modeling Challenges
30
๏ Including the error modelwhen things go wrong what happens?
๏ Imagining the permutationswhy prototyping is lowers design risk
๏ Understanding when & where state changesoperating on the object or operating on a copy?
0.5beta 2013 This work by Tim Sheiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States.
fin
31