the institute for special textiles and flexible materials · 6 11 vest with integrated contactless...

The Institute for Special Textiles

and flexible Materials

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Smart Textiles for Medical Applications

S. Hanus, D. Schwabe, A. Neudeck, U. Möhring

D. Zschenderlein

Company mission

„Smart textiles in Thueringen/Germany”

11./12.June 2012

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Content

I. Background, Overview

II. Sensory Electrodes - EMG and ECG Monitoring

III. Actuatory Electrodes - Therapeutical textile

Electrodes

IV. Active Heatable Textiles

V. 3D- Knitted Elastic Short Traction Bandages

VI. Embroidered Implants for Tissue Engineering

VII. Further Applications for Medical Textiles

VIII. Textiles for Light Therapy

IX. Summary & Outlook

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Medical Textiles – Novel Functions

• Novel functional special textiles (resulting from the combination of

textile and non-textile technologies)

=> interesting alternative to use systems for medicine and

medicine technology

• Integration of new functions by special textile material

combinations

– Thermophysiological / wearing comfort

– Sweat transport

– Stress-strain behavior

• Integration of common electronics (sensors, amplifiers,

electronics) in textile materials

• Development of new textile based systems

– Sensoric

– Actuatoric systems

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Medical Textiles – Working Areas of TITV Greiz

Medical Textiles or Textiles for

Medical Applications

Passive Systems

• Antidecubitus systems

• Compression bandages

• Textile implants

Active Systems

• Sensory electrodes

• Actuatory electrodes

• Heating systems

• Light therapy

(active medical product cl.2a)

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Content




Electrodes







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Electrodes for Therapeutically and Monitoring

Systems – Electronical Signals

Electrodes

Sensors

• Electromyogram –EMG

• Electrocardiogram -ECG

• Skin Resistance

• EEG…

Actuators

• Transcutaneous

Electrical Nerve

Stimulation - TENS

• Electrical Muscle

Stimulation - EMS

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Problems – Skin contact electrodes

Problems:

• Long term stability of the electrical contact between

skin and electrode

Contact impedance

• Displacement of the electrodes during movement

Mechanical contact

• Real textile integration of the electrodes and

additional devices

Comfort aspects

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Solution – New Technologies

New materials & finishing

processes

• Integration of electrolyte in

the textile

• Better contact impedance

between skin and electrode

for actuatoric (sensory)

electrodes

Non contact electrodes

• Capacitive measuring

principle

• EMG/ECG monitoring

through textiles / clothing

for sensory electrodes

Two research areas at TITV Greiz

for textile electrodes

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Textile Based Sensory Electrodes

• Woven belt with integrated textile ECG-electrodes

• Embroidered EEG-electrodes

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11

Vest with integrated contactless EMG

sensors (M. Trapecius)

Contactless Sensors for Body Monitoring

Incorporated in Textiles

EU-STREP 027291

Sensor K 7

textile layers / insulation

conductive layers,

capacitor

• Contactless measuring of EMG, ECG

• Development of textile (based) sensors

• Incorporation of contactless (without skin contact) sensors into textiles by weaving, enmbroidery, printing, laminating

• Continuous / long term monitoring

• Studying measuring of mental stress by EMG (algorithms)

• to be used by untrained individuals

• Development of the ConText prototype

• Development of the application concepts for the ConText technology

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Contactless EMG Sensor – Actual Prototype

laminated sensor

(Clothing+, TUB)

woven bus structure

(TITV)

electronics with

encapsulation (TUB)

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Automotive applications

Integration in steering

wheel for measuring body

signals

Electrodes / sensors for ECG / EMG measuring

Source: Project Insitex (Daimler)

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Contact less measuring for

recording of stress

• Integration in seats

Automotive applications

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Content




Electrodes







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Electrodes for Therapeutically and Monitoring

Systems – Electronical Signals

Electrodes

Sensors

• Electromyogram –EMG

• Electrocardiogram -ECG

• Skin Resistance

• EEG…

Actuators

• Transcutaneous

Electrical Nerve

Stimulation - TENS

• Electrical Muscle

Stimulation - EMS

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Actuatory Applications I

Sources: 1) Bio-Medical Research GmbH neurotech, 2) Cefar-Compex Scandinavia AB

Stimulation of nerves and muscles be surface electrodes

• e. g. physical therapy, sports, wellness, pain treatment

• but: placement / displacement (moving, sweat) of electrodes difficult => home use, long term applications

• fixation by elastic bandages

• wires reduce the comfort of the wearer

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Integration in an elastic Bandage – 1st Prototype

• Elastic bandage with velcro strip

• Active area: 45 x 45 mm

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Experiments with Test Persons

Test person with textile and glued

electrodes

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First Tests at the University Hospital of Jena, Germany

Experiments at the insitute of physical therapy

• Comparison of textile and glued electrodes (left + right

thigh)

• Test parameters:

• Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation - TENS

• Electrical Muscle Stimulation – EMS

• Electromyogram as biofeedback

• Registration of skin resistance, skin temperature

• Subjective impression of the test persons

• 25 test persons

• Defined test conditions

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Applications

• Sports & wellness, additional training

• Long-term therapy

=> washable electrode systems, easy to use

• Muscle training after surgery of the joints

knee, elbow, etc.

• Pain-treatment (TENS) by integration of the electrodes

in clothing

• Incontinence therapy

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Content




Electrodes







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Textile Solutions for Medical Thermal

Therapy and Prophylaxis

• Development of heat able woven

structures

• Integration of heating wires /

thread by embroidery

• Convective operation heating

systems with integrated 3D

structure for decubitus

prophylaxis

(our partner: Moeck & Moeck GmbH)

• Development of fluidic cooling

systems

warmX GmbH

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• Smart 3D fabric compounds • Use of conductive metal coated polymer yarns and

carbon yarns

• Crimp of the yarns into the pole area between the

surfaces

• Yarn density adjustable to application (size of the

pads, required temperature, etc.)

• Electrical contacting via embroidery

• Highly flexible

• Low weight

Active Heatable Textiles

Active heating bandage

Heating pad (high flexible, low

weight, air conductive)

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Active heating and cooling system

Kröhnert System

Fluidic Heating & Cooling System

Our partner:

Kröhnert Chilling & Heating

http://www.kroehnert-ch.de/images/kh100.jpg

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Content




Electrodes







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3D Spacer Fabrics at TITV

Medical Textiles made by

3D - Spacer Fabrics

(Examples) :

- Compression Bandages

- Mattresses

- Wheelchairseat

- Prosthesis-pad in bras

- Hip protectors

- Medical Shoe Inlay / Soles

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3D Spacer Fabrics

29

Special properties of spacer fabrics

• Good press elastic behaviour

depending of the construction

• Dissipation of moisture

from one textile surface to the

other surface through the distance zone

• Air circulation / temperature regulation or isolation by the

distance zone

• Flexibility through the mesh structure

• Very good physiological behaviour / comfort

• Recyclable and asepticable

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Complex Anti-Congestion Therapy

• By manual lymph drainage, stimulating

the whole system and supporting the

necessary outflow of excess body fluid

– Bandaging (compression therapy)

as flanking action of the manual

lymph drainage, to prevent the re-

accumulation of edema fluid

– Compression stockings for the

conservation and optimization of the

therapy success

• Important is the patient’s acceptance for

the enacted arrangements to integrate

the different methods of treatment into

the patient’s everyday life!

Primary lymph edema

Source: vasomed 1/ 92

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3D- Knitted Elastic Short Traction Bandages

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Requirements to 3D-compression bandages

• Figuration of a soft, eudermic, not too smooth surface

• Defined transport of moisture away from the skin

• Stabile construction of the distance-keeping

zone in the spacer fabric

• Defined elongation accordingly a

short traction bandage as well as

construction of a limited

transverse elongation for a

better winding

especially in the joint areas

• Defined widths (8,10,12 cm)

• Knitted, flattened edges

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Construction:

• Sandwich-structure, consisting of shock-absorbing foam

in combination with spacer fabrics

• Use of foams from the field of orthopaedics technology

for maximum shock-absorption

Textile-based hip protection pads

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Content




Electrodes







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Embroidered Implants for Tissue Engineering

Tissue engineering: replacement of body tissue by artificial or bred

human tissue

• Three dimensional textile based implant constructions like

scaffolds and patch grafts for the tissue engineering

• Principle of chemical embroidery => it is possible to create

individual and application-related scaffolds and patch grafts

Example: Embroidered

scaffold construction in a

ten-layer construction with

biocompatible yarns

national funded project AIF 15136 BG

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Content




Electrodes







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Further Applications for Medical Textiles I

• Special socks for

diabetics • Optimal positions of

sewings

• Avoid pressure peaks by

using special materials

• Perfect fit

• No folds

• Attractive optic

• Antimicrobiel effect with

silver

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Further Applications for Medical Textiles II

• Special orthesis with

integrated knee ankle

measuring and biofeedback

system

• Operation table cover made

by 3D Spacer Fabrics

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Content




Electrodes







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Platform for Large Area Conformable Electronics by

Integration – PLACE-it

www.place-it-project.eu

Textiles for Light Therapy

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„Bilirubin blanket“

• Treatment of Jaundice

• Blue light (weave lenght: 460 nm)

Quelle: Philips (NL) - Innovation Experience 2011

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• Blue Touch Pain Relief Patch

• Stimulation of NO production for pain treatment

• Medical product class 2a


Source: Innovation expirience 2011 / Philips Electronics N.V. (NL)

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Content




Electrodes





VIII.Textiles for Light Therapy


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Summary & Outlook

• Textile materials allow a wide range of medical

(prevention, diagnostics, therapy) application by the

combination of functional material and new

technologies

• Advantages of textiles (wearing comfort, breathability,

“easy to handle”, look, etc.) in combination with

medical requirements

• TITV Greiz works on the development of passive and

active medical textiles together with industrial,

academic and medical partner

Textile Research Institute

Thuringia – Vogtland e. V. Zeulenrodaer Straße 42

07973 Greiz

Phone : +49 (0) 3661 – 611 0

Fax : +49 (0) 3661 – 611 222

[email protected]

www.titv-greiz.de

The Institute for Special Textiles and Flexible Materials

Thank You for Your Attention!

Contact:

Dirk Zschenderlein

Phone: +49 3661 611 203

[email protected]

the institute for special textiles and flexible materials · 6 11 vest with integrated contactless...

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