the indian reading series stories and legends of the northwest. level iv books 1-21

592
5 - I N S T I T U T I O N S P O N S A G E N C Y P U B D A T E C O N T R A C T N O T E A V A I L A B L E F R O M P U B T Y P E E D R S P R I C E D E S C R I P T O R S I D E N T I F I E R S D O C U M E N T R E S U M E R C 0 1 5 3 3 1 T h e I n d i a n R e a d i n g S e r i e s : S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t . L e v e l I V . B o o k s 1 - 2 1 . N o r t h w e s t R e g i o n a l E d u c a t i o n a l L a b . , P o r t l a n d , O r e g . N a t i o n a l I n s t . o f E d u c a t i o n ( E D ) , W a s h i n g t o n , D C . 8 1 4 0 0 - 8 0 - 0 1 0 5 7 7 5 p . ; F o r r e l a t e d d o c u m e n t , s e e R C 0 1 5 3 3 0 . S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U . S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D C 2 0 4 0 2 ( S t o c k N o . 0 6 5 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 1 2 4 - 1 , $ 2 2 . 0 0 ) . G u i d e s - C l a s s r o o m U s e - M a t e r i a l s ( F o r L e a r n e r ) ( 0 5 1 ) M F 0 5 / P C 3 1 P l u s P o s t a g e . * A m e r i c a n I n d i a n C u l t u r e ; * A m e r i c a n I n d i a n L i t e r a t u r e ; A m e r y a n I n d i a n s ; * C h i l d r e n s L i t e r a t u r e ; C u l t u t a l B a c k g r o u n d ; C u l t u r a l I m a g e s ; E l e m e n t a r y E d u c a t i o n ; I l l u s t r a t i o n s ; * L e g e n d s ; P i c t u r e B o o k s ; * S u p p l e m e n t a r y R e a d i n g M a t e r i a l s ; T r i b e s O r a l T r a d i t i o n ; * P a c i f i c N r t h w e s t I n d i a n R e a d i n g a n d L a n g u a g e P r o g ; * P a c i f i c N o k t h w e s t T r i b e s A B S T R A C T D e s i g n e d a s s u p p l e m e n t a r y r e a d i n g m a t e r i a l f o 1 I n d i a n a n d n o n - I n d i a n c h i l d r e n i n t h e e l e m e n t a r y g r a d e s , t h i s s e r i e s o f 2 1 b o o k l e t s p r e s e n t s 3 6 s t o r i e s a n d l e g e n d s o f N o r t h w e s t t r i b e s . S t o r i e s i n t h i s f o u r t h l e v e l o f t h e s i x - l e v e l s e r i e s w e r e d e v e l o p e d c o o p e r a t i v e l y b y I n d i a n p e o p l e o f r e s e r v a t i o n s i n t h e P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t . B o o k l e t s r a n g e f r o m 7 t o 6 1 p a g e s i n l e n g t h a n d c o n t a i n n u m e r o u s i l l u s t r a t i o n s b y I n d i a n a r t i s t s . T h e s t o r i e s a r e g r o u p e d t o g e t h e r b y t y p e : ( 1 ) s t o r i e s t h a t e x p l a i n n a t u r a l p h e n o m e n a ; ( 2 ) s t o r i e s t h a t e m p h a s i z e I n d i a n c u l t u r a l v a l u e s ; ( 3 ) s t o r i e s t h a t e x p l a i n c u l t u r a l o b j e c t s , c e r e m o n i e s , o r l i f e s t y l e s ; a n d ( 4 ) s t o r i e s a b o u t s p i r i t u a l b e l i e f s . T h e f i r s t f o u r s t o r i e s p r o v i d e a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o c o m p a r e a n d c o n t r a s t t h e O a t e a u , c o a s t , a n d p l a i n s r e g i o n s a s w e l l a s t h e p r e - c o n t a c t , r e s e r v a t i o n , a n d m o d e r n p e r i o d s o f I n d i a n c u l t u r e . T h e t r i c k s t e r C o y o t e a p p e a r s q n 1 2 s t o r i e s t h a t s t r e s s I n d i a n v a l u e s . D e s c r i p t i o n o f c u l t u r e s t o r i e s a r e a b o u t t r i b a l h i s t o r y , b a s k e t a n d c a n o e m a k i n g , t a n n i n g h i d e s , a n d t r a d i t i o n a l t r i b a l d w e l l i o g s . S t u d e n t a c t i v i t y c a r d s r e l a t e t o t h e s t o r i e s a n d a r e d e s i g n e d t o p r o m o t e c r e a t i v i t y , e x p a n d a w a r e n e s s o f I n d i a n c u l t u r e , a n d g i v e a d d i t i o n a l p r a c t i c e i n l a n g u a g e A r t s s k i l l s . T h e y i n c l u d e i l l u s t r a t e d d i r e c t i o n s f o r m a k i n g g a m e s , w r i t i n g w i t h p i c t o g r a p h s , a n d p r e p a r i n g I n d i a n f o o d s : ( T H Z ) 4 1 1 1 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * , * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * , R e p r o d u c t i o n s s u p p l i e d b y E D R S a r e t h e b e s t t h a t c a n b e m a d e * f r o m t h e o r i g i n a l d o c u m e n t . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

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Page 1: The Indian Reading Series Stories and Legends of the Northwest. Level IV Books 1-21

8/20/2019 The Indian Reading Series Stories and Legends of the Northwest. Level IV Books 1-21

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I N S T I T U T I O N

S P O N S A G E N C Y

P U B D A T E

C O N T R A C T

N O T E

A V A I L A B L E F R O M

P U B T Y P E

E D R S P R I C E

D E S C R I P T O R S

I D E N T I F I E R S

D O C U M E N T R E S U M E

R C 0 1 5 3 3 1

T h e I n d i a n R e a d i n g S e r i e s : S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e

N o r t h w e s t . L e v e l I V . B o o k s 1 - 2 1 .

N o r t h w e s t R e g i o n a l E d u c a t i o n a l L a b . , P o r t l a n d ,

O r e g .

N a t i o n a l I n s t . o f E d u c a t i o n ( E D ) , W a s h i n g t o n , D C .

8 1

4 0 0 - 8 0 - 0 1 0 5

7 7 5 p . ; F o r r e l a t e d d o c u m e n t , s e e R C 0 1 5 3 3 0 .

S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U . S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g

O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D C 2 0 4 0 2 ( S t o c k N o .

0 6 5 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 1 2 4 - 1 , $ 2 2 . 0 0 ) .

G u i d e s - C l a s s r o o m U s e - M a t e r i a l s ( F o r L e a r n e r )

( 0 5 1 )

M F 0 5 / P C 3 1 P l u s P o s t a g e .

* A m e r i c a n I n d i a n C u l t u r e ; * A m e r i c a n I n d i a n

L i t e r a t u r e ; A m e r y a n I n d i a n s ; * C h i l d r e n s L i t e r a t u r e ;

C u l t u t a l B a c k g r o u n d ; C u l t u r a l I m a g e s ; E l e m e n t a r y

E d u c a t i o n ; I l l u s t r a t i o n s ; * L e g e n d s ; P i c t u r e B o o k s ;

* S u p p l e m e n t a r y R e a d i n g M a t e r i a l s ; T r i b e s

O r a l T r a d i t i o n ; * P a c i f i c N r t h w e s t I n d i a n R e a d i n g a n d

L a n g u a g e P r o g ; * P a c i f i c N o k t h w e s t T r i b e s

A B S T R A C T

D e s i g n e d a s s u p p l e m e n t a r y r e a d i n g m a t e r i a l f o 1 I n d i a n

a n d n o n - I n d i a n c h i l d r e n i n t h e e l e m e n t a r y g r a d e s , t h i s s e r i e s o f 2 1

b o o k l e t s p r e s e n t s 3 6 s t o r i e s a n d l e g e n d s o f N o r t h w e s t t r i b e s . S t o r i e s

i n t h i s f o u r t h l e v e l o f t h e s i x - l e v e l s e r i e s w e r e d e v e l o p e d

c o o p e r a t i v e l y b y I n d i a n p e o p l e o f r e s e r v a t i o n s i n t h e P a c i f i c

N o r t h w e s t . B o o k l e t s r a n g e f r o m 7 t o 6 1 p a g e s i n l e n g t h a n d c o n t a i n

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1 1 ,

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T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

T h e W e a s e l a n d t h e E a g l e

T h e O t t e r a n d t h e B e a v e r

L e v e l I V B o o k 1

B y m e m b e r s o f t h e W a r m S p r i n g s

R e s e r v a t i o n C o m m i t t e e

V e r b e n a G r e e n e , C o o r d i n a t o r

J a c k i e E s t i m o

L i l l i e H e a t h

V i o l a K a l a m a

S t e l l a M c K i n l e y

C l a r a M o o d y

A d a S e a k s o i t

C h r i s t i n e l b m

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T h e W e a s e l a n d t h e E a g l e

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H e b i t d o w n o n t h e r o c k l e d g e w i t h h i s b i g p o w e r f u l

j a w s s o h a r d t h a t h i s e y e s c l o s e d .

W e a s e l c r i e d t o E a g l e , " L o o k , h e h a s h i s e y e s c l o s e d

n o w . W e c a n g e t

h i m "

E a g l e w h i s p e r e d t o W e a s e l , " Y o u g r a b h i m w h i l e

I

k i l l h i m "

A f t e r k i l l i n g t h e a l l i g a t o r , W e a s e l a n d E a g l e w e r e

f r e e a n d c o u l d c o n t i n u e o n t h e i r j o u r n e y e a s t t o v i s i t

t h e i r

f r i e n d s .

W e a s e l w a s c a r r y i n g t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n . H e t h o u g h t

i t m i g h t m a k e a n i c e g i f t f o r o n e o f h i s f r i e n d s .

B u t W e a s e l

b e c a m e t i r e d o f c a r r y i n g t h e s k i n a n d t h r e w

o n E a g l e ' s

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W e a s e l t o o k t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n a n d w a l k e d o n . A f t e r .

w a l k i n g a l o n g w a y , W e a s e l b e c a m e r e s t l e s s a g a i n . H e

s t a r t e d t h r o w i n g t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n u p i n t o t h e a i r a n d

c a t c h i n g i t , t h r o w i n g i t h i g h e r a n d h i g h e r e a c h t i m e . T h e

s k i n w e n t u p i n t o t h e a i r a g a i n , l a n d i n g o n E a g l e ' s b a c k .

E a g l e d i d n ' t s a y a w o r d . H e j u s t f l e w o f f i n t o t h e s k y w i t h

t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n s t i l l o n h i s b a c k .

W e a s e l t h o u g h t t o h i m s e l f , " O h n o H e ' s g o i n g t o

l e a v e m e a l o n e " W e a s e l b e g g e d E a g l e t o

c o m e b a c k , " O h

p l e a s e E a g l e , I w o n ' t d o i t a g a i n . "

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W e a s e l b e c a m e r e s t l e s s a g a i n s o h e b e g a n t o s k i p

i n s t e a d o f w a l k . S k i p p i n g a l o n g , h e s t a r t e d t o w h i s t l e . I t

s e e m e d t o m a k e t h e w a l k s h o r t e r f o r a w h i l e , b u t h e s o o n

g o t t i r e d o f i t .

W e a s e l t w i r l e d t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n a r o u n d a n d

a r o u n d , w a t c h i n g i t f l y . W e a s e l t h o u g h t , " E a g l e m i g h t

w o n t t o p l a y n o w " H e l e t t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n f l y f r o m h i s

p a w s o n t o E a g l e ' s b a c k .

T h i s t i m e w h e n E a g l e f l e w a w a y ,

h e w e n t h i g h e r a n d h i g h e r . " O h E a g l e " c r i e d W e a s e l , " I ' m

s o r r y . I t h o u g h t y o u m i g h t w a n t t o p l a y

n o w P l e a s e

P l e a s e c o m e b a c k I ' m s o r r y "

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T h e y c a m e u p o n a c r e e k w h i c h t h e y h a d t o c r o s s .

W e a s e l , j u s t f o r a c h a n g e , w e n t s w i m m i n g b a c k a n d f o r t h

w h i l e h e c r o s s e d t h e c r e e k .

E a g l e , o f c o u r s e , f l e w a c r o s s q u i c k l y . W e a s e l c a u g h t

u p w i t h h i m a t t h e o t h e r s i d e . W e a s e l , s t i l l c a r r y i n g t h e

a l l i g a t o r s k i n , w a l k e d o n b e s i d e E a g l e . T h e y w a l k e d

a n d w a l k e d , a n d W e a s e l h a d n o t p e s t e r e d E a g l e f o r a

l o n g t i m e .

" E a g l e m u s t w a n t t o p l a y n o w " W e a s e l t h o u g h t .

" H o w c a n h e j u s t w a l k a l o n g a n d n o t w a n t t o d o s o m e -

t h i n g f u n ? "

T h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n w a s g e t t i n g h e a v y a g a i n . H e

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W e a s e l c a l l e d a n d c a l l e d , b e g g i n g E a g l e t o c o m e

b a c k . E a g l e c i r c l e d t w o o r t h r e e t i m e s l i s t e n i n g t o W e a s e l

c a l l a n d t h e n f l e w d o w n b e s i d e h i m o n c e m o r e . W e a s e l

t o o k t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n a n d w a l k e d o n , p u l l i n g i t b e h i n d

h i m . " F u n n y b i r d a n y w a y , " W e a s e l g r u m b l e d , " a l l I w a n t

t o d o i s h a v e a l i t t l e f u n . " T h e y w a l k e d o n a n d o n t o g e t h e r .

W e a s e l w a l k e d f o r a l o n g w a y t r y i n g t o b e a s g o o d a s

h e c o u l d .

T h e a f t e r n o o n w a s a l m o s t g o n e a n d W e a s e l w a s s t i l l

w a l k i n g . W e a s e l s t a r t e d t o s i n g . " M a y b e s i n g i n g w i l l l i v e n

t h i n g s u p , " h e t h o u g h t .

A s W e a s e l s a n g , h e s t a r t e d t o d a n c e . H e d a n c e d

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A l l o f a s u d d e n , t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n f l e w o u t o f h i s

p a w s a n d l a n d e d o n E a g l e ' s b a c k o n c e m o r e . T h i s

t i n e ,

E a g l e f l e w s t r a i g h t u p i n t h e s k y a n d o u f o f s i g h t .

W e a s e l t u r n e d a r o u n d a n d w h e n h e s a w w h a t h a d

h a p p e n e d , h e c a l l e d t o E a g l e b u t E a g l e w a s g o n e .

E a g l e f l e w o n a n d o n . W h e n h e r e a c h e d t h e e a s t , h e

l e t , t h e a l l i g a t o r s k i n d r o p . T h e s k i n f e l l a n d l a n d e d i n

w h a t i s n o w c a l l e d F l o r i d a . T h a t i s w h y t h e r e a r e l o t s o f

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F i r e t a l k

A I M 1 . 1 > T o s h a r e g o o d t h o u g h t t h r o u g h

g o o d t a l k

T h e s e s t o r i e s a r e f r o m I n d i a n p e o p l e . N o o n e k n o w s

h o w m a n y w i n t e r s I n d i a n s h a v e b e e n o n t h i s g r o u n d .

C a m p f i r e s t h a t w e r e l e f t b y t h e m a r e m a n y . T o d a y

m a n y I n d i a n s a r e r e t u r n i n g t o t h e c a m p f i r e s o f o l d .

A r o u n d t h o s e c a m p f i r e s w e r e t o l d s e t a e g o o d s t o r i e s .

M a y b e t h e f i r e

r o a r i n g a s a n o l d p e r s o n w a s t e l l i n g

a s t o r y . M a y b e

o c h i l d r e n w e r e g a z i n g q u i e t l y i n t o

t h e s t o r y t h a t t h e o l d p e r s o n w a s t e l l i n g .

s t a l k i s u s i n g t h e s t o r i e s t o l d a r o u n d o l d c a m p f i r e s .

I t i s t i m e t o b u i l d u p t h e f i r e s a n d r e t e l l t h e s t o r i e s .

T H E W E A S E L A N D T H E E A G L E

C O Y O T E A N D R A V E N 1 A

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

a s t o r y y o u k n o w w e l l e n o u g h t o t e l l

a c o m f o r t a b l e a r e a ( U s e y o u r i m a g i n a t i o n

P r e t e n d y o u a r e s i t t i n g a r o u n d a c a m p f i r e . )

j

a p a r t n e r t o t e l l y o u r s t o r y o r a t a p e r e c o r d e r

o r b o t h

H e r e i s h o w :

T e l l y o u r s t o r y t o y o u r f r i e n d a n d t a p e r e c o r d i t .

D i s c u s s w i t h y o u r p a r t n e l .

w h a t y o u l i k e d a n d d i s -

l i k e d A b o u t t h e s t o r y . D e c i d e w h a t c o u l d m a k e i t

b e t t e r . R e t e l l i t i f y o u n e e d t o .

T r y w r i t i n g d o w n y o u r s t o r y . M a y b e y o u c a n g e t

h e l p f r o m a n o l d e r s t u d e n t o r a n a d u l t .

1 4

1 5

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T H E W E A S E L A N D T H E E A G L E

C O Y O T E A N D R A V E N 1 B

S o m e T h e t a l k i d e a s a r e :

T h i n k a b o u t t h e s t o r y a b o u t t h e w e a s e l a n d t h e e a g l e .

r I b l l a s t o r y a b o u t a u n i q u e a d v e n t u r e y o u m a y

h a v e h a d . D e s c r i b e w h e r e y o u w e r e , w h o y o u w e r e

w i t h , w h a t y o u s a w a n d w h a t h a p p e n e d .

s c r i b e a p e r s o n y o u t h i n k i s u n i q u e . T e l l w h a t

Z a k e s t h a t p e r s o n 3 0 s p e c i a l .

T e l l a s t o r y a b o u t h o w f l n a n i m a l 1 l i k e t h e a l l i g a t o r )

c a m e t o l i v e w h e r e i t d o e s .

1 6

R E S E R V A T I O N S

P e o p l e b y t h e m s e l v e s a r e u n i q u e P e o p l e i n g r o u p s a r e

a l s o u n i q u e . T h e y m a y d o t h i n g s t h a t a r e d i f f e r e n t

f r o m w h a t o t h e r p e o p l e d o .

M a k e a l i s t o f a l l t h e w a y s g r o u p s o f p e o p l e a r e

u n i q u e .

O n e w a y I n d i a n p e o p l e m a y b e u n i q u e i s b e c a u s e s o m e

m a y l i v e o n r e s e r v a t i o n s .

A l o t o f I n d i a n p e o p l e s t i l l l i v e o n r e s e r -

v a t i o n s , a l t h o u g h m a n y a l s o l i v e i n l a r g e

c i t i e s a n d i n s m a l l e r c o m m u n i t i e s o f f

r e s e r v a t i o n s .

R e s e r v a t i o n s a r e s m a l l p a r c e l s o f l a n d o n

w h i c h I n d i a n p e o p l e w e r e s u p p o s e d t o

l i v e . A t f i r s t

( 1 8 6 0 ' s ) t h e y w e r e n o t

a l l o w e d t o l e a v e , n o t e v e n t o h u n t .

A l t h o u g h I n d i a n s w e r e l i v i n g i n N o r t h

A m e r i c a l o n g b e f o r e C o l u m b u s a r r i v e d ,

t h e y w e r e n o t d e c l a r e d U n i t e d S t a t e s

c i t i z e n s u n t i l 1 9 2 4 . B e f o r e t h a t t i m e

r e s e r v a t i o n s w e r e t h o u g h t o f a s f o r e i g n

n a t i o n s . B e c a u s e o f t h i s , t o d a y I n d i a n

p e o p l e a r e g u a r a n t e e d c e r t a i n r i g h t s

b e c a u s e o f t r e a t i e s m a d e w i t h t h e s e

s e p a r a t e I n d i a n n a t i o n s l o n g a g o .

Y O U M A Y R E P E A T T h S X R E T A L K F O R A N Y O R A L L O F T H E S T O R I E S .

1

1 7

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T h e O t t e r a n d t h e B e a v e r

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L o n g a g o , O t t e r a n d B e a v e r l i v e d t o g e t h e r i n a

t e p e e . O t t e r a n d B e a v e r w e r e

b O t h b l i n d a n d c o u l d n o t s e e

a n y t h i n g i n o r a r o u n d t h e i r t e p e e .

O t t e r a n d B e a v e r e a c h h a d f i v e p o k e r s o r f i r e s t i c k s .

W i t h t h e i r f i v e p o k e r s t h e y w o u l d a l w a y s p o k e a r o u n d

h e r e a n d t h e r e t o f i n d t h i n g s . T h e y w e r e a l w a y s c o u n t i n g

t h e i r p o k e r s t o m a k e s u r e t h e y h a d t h e m a l l . T h e p o k e r s

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O n e d a y , E a g l e w a s o n h i s

w a y t o t h e m o u n t a i n a n d

d e c i d e d t o v i s i t O t t e r a n d B e a v e r . E a g l e

s a w t h e t e n

p o k e r s a l l l i n e d u p , p o k e d i n t o t h e g r o u n d . W h e n h e

w a s

r e a d y t o l e a v e , E a g l e d e c i d e d t o b o r r o w

o n e t o t a k e w i t h

h i m . H e t h o u g h t , T h i s w i l l h e l p m e

o n t h e m o u n t a i n t o p "

E a g l e s a i d g o o d b y e a n d c o n t i n u e d w i t h o n e o f

B e a v e r ' s p o k e r s .

B e a v e r s a t d o w n a n d b e g a n t o c o u n t h i s p o k e r s

o n c e

m o r e a n d f o u n d o n e w a s m i s s i n g . B e a v e r j u m p e d a r o u n d

a n d f l a p p e d h i s t a i l o n t h e g r o u n d . H e w a s s o a n g r y E v e r y

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E a g l e r e t u r n e d a n d s a w h o w a n g r y B e a v e r w a s a n d

a p o l o g i z e d f o r b o r r o w i n g h i s p o k e r . B u t B e a v e r w o u l d n o t

f o r g i v e E a g l e a n d k e p t p o u t i n g .

" l b s h o w y o u h o w s o r r y I a m , " e x p l a i n e d E a g l e , " I

w i l l o p e r a t e o n y o u r e y e s a n d y o u a n d O t t e r w i l l b o t h b e

a b l e t o s e e . "

" O h , h o w w o n d e r f u l " s h o u t e d O t t e r f o r h e w a n t e d t o

s e e t h e

w h o l e f o r e s t .

B e a v e r w h o w a s s t i l l p o u t i n g f i n a l l y a g r e e d t o l e t

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E a g l e s e t t o w o r k o n t h e o p e r a t i o n . B e c a u s e O t t e r

w a s s o g o o d , h e m a d e h i s e y e s b i g s o h e c o u l d s e e t h e

w h o l e w o r l d .

B u t h e m a d e B e a v e r ' s e y e s s m a l l b e c a u s e B e a v e r

w a s a n g r y .

A f t e r E a g l e f i n i s h e d h i s w o r k , h e f l e w o f f a n d

n e v e r

c a m e b a c k .

W h e n y o u a r e h a p p y , y o u r e y e s w i l l s h i n e a n d

y o u

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i

'

V . , W t 4

' 4

° D s

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F i r e t a l k

T H E O T T E R A N D T H E B E A V E R I C

A I M M i l > T o b e a b l e t o p r o n o u n c e t h e

n a m e s o f t r i b e s w h o h a v e w r i t t e n

T h e I n d i a n R e a d i n g S e r i e s s t o r i e s

B e f o r e E u r o p e a n s c a m e t o t h e W e s t e r n H e m i s p h e r e ,

I n d i a n s w e r e t e l l i n g s t o r i e s i n m o r e t h a n 2 , 2 0 0 d i f f e r -

e n t l a n g u a g e s .

T o d a y s o m e l a n g u a g e s a r e n o l o n g e r s p o k e n . M a n y

t h e t r i b e s t h a t d o s t i l l s p e a k t h e i r l a n g u a g e a r e l o -

c a t e d i n t h e w e s t e r n s t a t e s o n o r n e a r r e s e r v a t i o n s .

U s u a l l y , t h e n a t i v e l a n g u a g e i s f i r s t l e a r n e d a t h o m e .

F o r y e a r s t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t f o r b a d e t h e s p e a k -

i n g o f n a t i v e l a n g u a g e s i n s c h o o l s b u i l t f o r I n d i a n s .

M i s s i o n a r i e s t h a t o p e n e d s c h o o l s f o r I n d i a n s a l s o

w o u l d n o t l e t t h e m s p e a k t h e i r o w n l a n g u a g e s .

T h e s t o r i e s i n T h e I n d i a n R e a d i n g S e r i e s w e r e o r i g i -

n a l l y t o l d i n t h e n a t i v e l a n g u a g e o f t h e t r i b e f r o m

w h i c h i t c a m e .

, T r y t h e s e a c t i v i t i e s :

M a k e a t a p e r e c o r d i n g o f e a c h G f t h e t r i b e ' s n a m e

o n t h e b a c k

o f t h i s c a r d . F o l l o w t h e d i r e c t i o n s f o r

p r o n u n c i a t i o n . L i s t e n t o t h e t a p e . U s e t h e c a r d

t o s p e a k t h e s o u n d - a l i k e w o r d a l o n g w i t h t h e t r i b e ' s

n a m e .

T r y t o f i n d o u t t h e l a n g u a g e s p o k e n b y e a c h o f t h e

t r i b e s o n t h e b a c k o f t h i s c a r d .

I n v i t e a n I n d i a n p e r s o n i n t o y o u r c l a s s t o s h a r e

t h e i r l a n g u a g e .

2 4

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C O A S T

P r o n o u n c e

T h e s e

T r i b e s

T H E O T T E R A N D T H E B E A V E R 1 D

S a y

l l e s e

V o w e l s

S u q u a m i s h u = u

a =

i =

S k o k o m i s h o = o

o = o

i =

M u c k l e s h ( x ) t u =

e =

0 0 =

S h o a l w a t e r o a = 6

B a y

a 7 = - :

a = a

P L A T E A U

S h o s h o n e

o

o

e = e

B a n n o c k

K o o t e n a i

a =

0 = o

o

o o

e = a

a i

S a y T h e s e

W o r d s

d o

s a w

d i s h

f l o w

f l o w

f i s h

b u c k l e

b o o t

c o a l

w a t e r

b a y

s h o w

s h o w

s e e

c a n

r o c k

b o o t

i n

s a y

S a y T h e

T r i b e ' s N a m e

s u

q u a

m i s h

s k o

k o '

m i s h

m u c k i l e

s h o o t

s h o a l

w a t e r

b a y

r "

s h o

s h o

n e e

b a n

H o c k

k o o

t e n

a i

P L A I N S

P r o n o u n c e

T h e s e

T r i b e s

S a y T h e s e

S a y T h e s e S a y T h e

V o w e l s

W o r d s

T r i b e ' s N a m e

B l a c k f e e t a = a

b l a c k

b l a c k

e = e

f e e t

f e e t

G r o s V e n t r e o = o

g r o w

B r o s

e = o

d a w n v e n t r e

A s s i n i b o i n e a = a

t h e a s

i = i

i n s i n

a = a

t h e

a

o i = o i

c o i n

b o i n e

S i o u x

i o u = u

d e w

s i o u x

N o r t h e r n

C h e y e n n e

S a l i s h

e

= i

e

= a

a

= i

K l a m a t h

a = -

a = a

B u r n s

P a i u t e

u

a r

a i

u t e = u

m y

p a n

s a y

d i s h

c l a m

w i t h

c h u r n s

p i e

f l u t e

t i

t h e

y e n n e

s a

l i s p

k l a m

a t h

b u r n s

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2 6

2 7

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B o o k l e t s a v a i l a b l y i n t h e L e v e l I V s e q u e n c e a r e l i s t e d b e l o w . N u m b e r s r e f e r t o t h e P l a n n e d S e q u e n c e o f u s e

i n t h e D u e l l e r ' s M a n u a l . M a t e r i a l s d e v e l o p e d b y t h e s e t r i b e s a n d o t h e r s i n t h e N o r t h w e s t a r e i n c l u d e d i n

t h e L e v e l s 1 . 1 1 a n d I I I s e q u e n c e ' s .

1 . W a r m S p r i n g s A n i m a l S t o r i e s

T h e C o n f e d e r a t e d T r i b e s o f t h e W a r m S p r i n g s

R e s e r v a t i o n o f O r e g o n

2 . S n a i l W o n w n a t S q 3 a 7 e

T h e S u q u a m i s h T r i b e o f t h e ' P o r t M a d i s o n

R e s e r v a t i o n

3 . B l u e J a y - S t a r B a s k o W o m a n

M u c k l e s h m t T r i b e

4 . A s s i n i b o i n e W o m a n M a k i n g G r e a s e '

A s s i n i b o i n e T r i b e o f t h e F o r t P e c k R e s e r v a t i o n

5 . C o y o t e

T h e C o n f e d e r a t e d T r i b e s o f t h e W a r m S p r i n g s

R e s e r v a t i o n o f O r e g o n

6 . H o w t h e S u m m e r S e a s o n C a m e

A s s i n i b o i n e T r i b e o f t h e F o r t B e l k n a p

R e s e r v a t i o n

7 . L i t t l e W e a s e l ' s D r e a m

S a l i s h a n d K o o t e n a i T r i b e s o f f ' t h e F l a t h e a d

R e s e r v a t i o n

8 . F o r t q a l l S t o r i e s

S h o s h d r i t o e : B a n n o c k T r i b e s o f t h e F o r t H a l l

R e s e r v a t i o n

9 . T h e B e a r R ' p e e

N o r t h e r n C h e y e n n e T r i b e

1 4 ) . S i o u x S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s

S i o u x T r i b e o f t h e f o r t P e c k R e s e r v a t i o n

1 2 . C h i e f M o u n t a i n ' s M e d i c i n e

G r o s V e n t r e T r i b e f r o m t h e F o r t B e l k n a p

R e s e r v a t i o n

1 3 . C o y o t e t h e M i c k s t e r

B u r n s P a i u t e R e s e r v a t i o n

1 4 . R u n n i n g F r e e

S h o a l w a t e r B a y

1 5 . S a l i s h C o y o t e S t o r i e s

S a l i s h a n d K o o t e n a i T r i b e s o f t h e F l a t h e a d

R e s e r v a t i o n

1 6 . C o y o t e a n d t h e C o w b o y s

S h o s h o n e - B a n n o c k T r i b e s o f t h e F o r t H a l l

R e s e r v a t i o n

1 7 . N a p e s J o u r n e y

B l a c k f e e t ` t r i b e

1 8 . W a r m S p r i n g s S t o r i e s

T h e C o n f e d e r a t e d T r i b e s o f t h e W a r m S p r i n g s

R e s e r v a t i o n o f O r e g o n

1 9 . 7 1 , p e e M a k i n g

S a l i s h a n d K o o t e n a i T r i b e s o f t h e F l a t h e a d

R e s e r v a t i o n

2 0 . B a s k e t s a n d C a n o e s

S k o k o m i s h T r i b e

2 1 . W a r r i o r P e o p l e '

B l a c k f e e t T r i b e

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. : 1 1 1 1 T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

1 1 1 U " I P S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

S n a i l W o m a n a t S q 3 a l e

L e v e l I V B o o k 2

D e v e l o p e d b y t h e S u q u a m i s h T r i b e o f t h e P o r t M a d i s o n R e s e r v a t i o n

M a r i o n B o u s h i e , C o o r d i n a t o r

C h a r l e s R . S i g o

D o l o r e s B r a d w e l l

H a r r i e t F . W e b b e r

A n g e l a J . A l e x i s

J a m e s A F o r s m a n

L a w r e n c e W e b s t e r

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S n a i l W o m a n

a t S q 3 a l e

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S n a i l W o m a n w a s a n o l d h a g .

O n e d a y S n a i l W o m a n w a s s n e a k i n g

a r o u n d S u q u a m i s h v i l l a g e a n d w a i t -

i n g f o r c h i l d r e n s h e c o u l d s t e a l . S h e

t h o u g h t , " H e r e a r e s o m e c h i l d r e n

s m a l l e n o u g h t o s t u f f i n t o a b a s k e t a n d

c a r r y a w a y . "

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S n a i l W o m a n s t o l e t h e c r y i n g

c h i l d r e n . S l o w l y s h e c a r r i e d t h e m o f f

t o a p l a c e i n S i n c l a i r I n l e t . O n e o f t h e

c h i l d r e n c r i e d , " T h i s i s t h e p l a c e

k n o w n a s S n a i l o r S e a l e , t h e o l d

h a g ' s h o m e "

r i

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A t S q 3 a l e S n a i l W o m a n b e g a n

t o b u i l d h e r f i r e . T h e c h i l d r e n

w h i s -

p e r e d , " S h e ' s g o i n g t o c o o k u s a n d e a t

u s a l l " T h e

c h i l d r e n w e r e t o o f r i g h t -

e n e d t o r u n a w a y a n d w e r e n e v e r

s e e n a g a i n . I n

t h e S u q u a m i s h v i l l a g e

t h e r e w e r e m a n y s a d f a c e s a n d h e a v y

h e a r t s .

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A n o t h e r t i m e , S n a i l W o m a n r e t u r n e d t o t h e v i l l a g e

a n d s t o i c m o r e c h i l d r e n . T h i s t i m e t h e c h i l d r e n d e c i d e d ,

W e w i l l . r y t o g e t a w a y b y t r i c k i n g S n a i l W o m a n . "

W h i l e s h e w a s t e n d i n g t h e f i r e , o n e o f t h e c h i l d r e n c a l l e d

t o h e r , " S n a i l W o m a n , l o o k h e r e " S h e l o o k e d u p a n d t h e

r e s t o f t h e c h i l d r e n p u s h e d h e r i n t o t h e f i r e . S n a i l W o m a n

b u r s t a n d t h e f l y i n g p i e c e s t u r n e d i n t o j e l l y f i s h .

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E a r t h , S k y , W a t e r

S N A I L W O M A N A T S O 3 A I E

A I M

l o r e c o g n i z e t h e n a m e s o f t h e t r i b e s a n d w h e r e t h e i r r e s e r v a t i o n s a r e

R E S E R V A T I O N S P A R T I C I P A T I N G I N T H E P A C I F I C N O R T H W E S T I N D I A N P R O G R A M

C o v s t a l

P l a t e a u P l a i n s

R e s e r v a t i o n s

T r i b e ( s )

R e s e r v a t i o n s

T r i b e ( s )

R e s e r v a t i o n s

T r i b e t s )

P o r t s M a d i s o n

S u q u a m i s h f o r t H a l l

S h o s h o n e B l a c k f e e t

B l a c k f e e t

B a n n o c k

S k o k o m i s h S k o k o m i s h F o r t B e l k n a p

G r o s V e n t r e

F l a t h e a d S a l i s h

S i o u x

1 1 . 1 u c k l e s h o o t

M u c k l e s h o o t

K o o t e n a i

F o r t P e c k

A s s i n i b o i n e

S h o a l w a t e r B a y S h o a l w a t e r B a y B u r n s P a i u t e

P a i u t e S i o u x

W a r m S p r i n g s

W a r m S p r i n g s

N o r t h e r n

C h e y e n n e

` V a s c o C h e y e n n e

P a i u t e

3 9

4 0

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1

S N A I L W O M A N A T S Q 3 A ' L E 2 B

M O T H E R E A R 9 T A N D F A T H E R - S K Y P R O V I D E A H O M E F O R A L L .

W E A L L W A N T T O B E L O N G .

4 1

D i s c u s s t h e t w o

s e n t e n c e s a n d t h e

p i c t u r e .

4 2

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A

L e v e l I V B o o k 3

4 4

4 5

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1 : : : 7 1 1 I T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

B l u e J a y

S t a r C h i l d

B a s k e t W o m a n

L e v e l I V B o o k 3

B y m e m b e r s o f t h e M u c k l e s h o o t P l a n n i n g C o m m i t t e e

C h a r l o t t e W i l l i a m s , C o o r d i n a t o r

0 1 1 i e W i t h e r

E v a J e r r y

B e r n i c e L o z i e r l k n e w a s h a

B e r t h a M c J o e

T h e l m a M o s e s

E l i z a b e t h B a r g a l a

A M u c . k l e s h o o t L e g e n d

I l l u s t r a t e d b y A r l e n e S e v d y

J o s e p h C o b u r n , D i r e c t o r

P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n P r o g r a m

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B l u e J a y S t a r C h i l d

T o l d b y

0 1 1 i e W i l b e r

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L o n g a g o t h e r e l i v e d t w o s i s t e r s . T h e y w o r k e d v e r y h a r d . T h e y

g a t h e r e d f o o d f o r t h e f a m i l y .

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O n e d a y t h e y w e n t t o d i g r o o t s . A c a m p w a s m a d e f o r t h e n i g h t

b e c a u s e i t w a s t o o l a t e t o g o h o m e .

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W h i l e l o o k i n g a t t h e s t a r s , o l d e r s i s t e r s a i d , " I w i s h t h a t W h i t e

S t a r w a s m y h u s b a n d . I w i s h t h a t R e d S t a r w a s y o u r h u s b a n d . "

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T h a t n i g h t h e r w i s h c a m e t r u e . T h e s i s t e r s w e n t t o S k y W o r l d t o

l i v e w i t h t h e i r n e w h u s b a n d s .

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(

W h i t t . l i v i n g i n S k y W o r l d ,

y o u n g s i s t e r h a d a b a b y u o ; ( 1 , E v e n

w i t h a b a b y , y o u n g s i s t e r b e c a m e

v e r y h o m e s i c k . S h e w a n t e d t o g o

h o m e .

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E v e r y d a y s h e t h o u g h t a b o u t g o i n g h o m e . O n e d a y

w h i l e d i g -

g i n g r o o t s , s h e t h o u g h t h a r d a b o u t g e t t i n g h o m e a n d

s h e d u g t o o d e e p .

A f l o w o f a i r c a m e t h r o u g h t h e h o l e .

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S h e d u g a w a y m o r e d i r t a n d s o o n d i s c o ' e r e d a w a y h o m e . V e r y

q u i c k l y s h e a n d h e r s i s t e r m a d e

a l a d d e r . T h e y m a d e a l a d d e r u s i n g

c e d a r b o u g h s . S o o n t h e y w e r e b a c k h o m e .

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E v e r y o n e w a s s o h a p p y t o s e e t h e s i s t e r s h o m e . E v e r y o n e c e l e -

b r a t e d b u t d u r i n g t h e c e l e b r a t i o n s , t h e b a b y w a s k i d n a p p e d .

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Y o u n g S i s t e r w a s v e r y s a d . S h e w a s s o s a d s h e c r i e d . B l u e J a y

w a s a s k e d t o h e l p f i n d t h e b a b y .

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M a n y p e o p l e l o o k e d f o r t h e b a b y . B l u e J a y h a d d i s c o v e r e d t h a t

D o g S a l m o n h a d t a k e n t h e b a b y . T h e y w e n t t o U n d e r W o r l d .

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T h e r e w a s o n l y o n e

w a y t o g e t t o U n d e r W o r l d . T h e p a s s a g e w a y

w a s a h o l e . T h e h o l e o p e n e d a n d c l o s e d . N o o n e c o u l d g e t t h r o u g h .

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B l u e J a y a t t e m p t e d t o g o t h r o u g h . O n h e r f i r s t a t t e m p t , t h e

g r o u n d c l o s e d o n B l u e J a y . O n h e r s e c o n d a t t e m p t , B l u e J a y m a d e i t

t h r o u g h .

1 6 , 0 , 0 0 w - P I

- T h o w i r >

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O n c e B l u e J a y g o t t o U n d e r W c .

,

s h e f o u n d t h e b a b y w a s a

g r o w n m a n . " C o m e h o m e , " s a i d B l u e J a y , " e v e r y o n e i s l o o k i n g f o r

y o u . "

- 7 1 ? '

v i r

-

-

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" I c a n ' t r i g h t n o w .

I w i l l c o m e h o m e v e r y s o o n .

W h e n I c o m e h o m e , e v e r y t h i n g w i l l b e c h a n g e d . "

g r p o g n w n a . . . . . 1 .

4 . . * w q ,

*

. . . . . 1

. . . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 . .

M O R M O N / W .

. . 1 1 1 1 1 1 .

. -

w w . m

0 , 1 . P a 0 Z

I N S 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

r m = M E M 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 . 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 " '

a r

I n t A O . N W

A I M . a

. . . . . . 1 . 1 , 1 1 -

. I M I . . I , . .

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" W h e n I c a m e i n t o U n d e r W o r l d I g o t h u r t , " s a i d B l u e J a y . " I a m

w o r r i e d a b o u t g o i n g b a c k . I m a y n o t m a k e i t . "

-

.

1 1

- .

. . . a . - -

. . , g - - . . .

, . . . ,

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" H e r e i s a p o w e r t h a t w i l l h e l p y o u g e t b a c k . "

" P r o p i t i n t h e o p e n i n g a n d i t w i l l r e m a i n o p e n l o n g e n o u g h f o r

y o u t o g e t b a c k . "

-

n

I n u o i a .

.

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" O n e m o r e t h i n g B l u e J a y ,

y o u r h e a d w i l l r e m a i n t h a t w a y . "

" W h e n p e o p l e

s e e y o u r h e a d , t h e y w i l l b e r e m i n d e d o f t h e a g e

w h e n t h e w o r l d c h a n g e d . "

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F i l m s t r i p M a k i n g

B L U E J A Y S T A R C H I L D '

H O W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E : 3 A

A I M

T o T o r e c r e a t e y o u r f a v o r i t e s t o r y

o n f i l m s t r i p

Y o u w i l l n e e d . .

p a p e r

m a r k e r s

b l a n k F i l m s t r i p s

b l e a c h e d 3 , 5 m m f i l m

M A K I N G A F I L M S T R I P

R e a d t w o s t o r i e s f r o m a n y b o o k .

C h o o s e t h e s t o r y y o u w a n t t o m a k e i n t o a f i l m -

s t r i p .

C u t p a p e r s t r i p s a b o u t 4 1 / 2 h i g h a n d 1 1 " l o n g .

T a p e t h e l o n g s t r i p s t o g e t h e r . F o l d t h e l o n g s h e e t

o f p a p e r s o i t l e a k s l i k e t h i s .

F o l d a b o u t 1 5 s q u a r e s . E a c h s q u a r e

c a n b e u s e d t o

p l a n a f r a m e f o r y o u r f i l m s t r i p .

T H I N G S T O R E M E M B E R

I f y o u w o r k a s a g r o u p , s h a r e t h e w o r k

a m o n g e v e r y -

o n e . M a y b e e a c h p e r s o n c o u l t p i c k a i e w p a g e , t o

i l l u s t r a t e .

D r a w y o u r p i c t u r e s s m a l l a n d w i t h o u t

a l o t o f d e t a i l s .

T h e s t o r y c o u l d b e r e a d i n t o t h e t a p e o r t o l d f r o m

m e m o r y .

W a t c h y o u r f i l m s t r i p a n d l i s t e n t o y o u r t a p e . I s t h e

s t o r y u n d e r s t a n d a b l e ? D o y o u w a n t t o i m p r o v e i t ?

P l a n e a c h f r a m e a g a i n a n d m a k e i t b e t t e r .

F o l l o w t h e s t e p s f o r p l a n n i n g t h e p i c t u r e s a n d t h e

t a l k ( d i a l o g u e ) o n t h e b a c k o f t h i s c a r d .

T r a n s f e r y o u r r o u g h p l a n t o t h e f i l m s t r i p . U s e

m a r k e r s f o r t h e c o m s t r i p ,

W h e n t h e p i c t u r e s a r e f i n i s h e d . m i k e

a t a p e t o g o

a l o n g w i t h t h e m .

P l a c e y o u r f i l m s t : ; p : n a l i b r a r y o r r e a d i n g c e n t e r

f o r o t h e r s t u d e n t s t o e n j o y .

B L U E J A Y . S T A R C H I L D

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I

H O W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E 3 B

P L A N Y O U R P I C T U R E S

I n o r d e r f o r t h e e v e n t s o f y o u r s t o r y t o m a k e s e n s e ,

S t o r y

y o u m u s t t a k e t i m e t o t h i n k i t t h r o u g h .

T i t l e

P l a n e a c h p i c t u r e f r a m e . T h i n k a b o u t w h a t i s

m o s t i m p o r t a n t t o s h o w . D r a w t h e p i c t u r e s s m a l l

S p e a k e r

a n d w i t h o u t m u c h d e t a i l .

u -

p

U

U

U

M a k e a l i s t o f y o u r p i c t u r e s i n t h e o r d e r t h e y

w i l l a p p e a r .

P L A N Y O U R T A L K

D e s c r i b e e a c h p i c t u r e . T e l l w h i c h p a r t o f t h e s t o r y

i t i s . N o w , w r i t e h e r e e x a c t s ; w h a t w i l l b e r e c o r d e d

f o r t h i s p i c t u r e f r a m e .

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B a s k e t W o m a n

' b i d b y

E v a J e r r y

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t - :

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L .

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1 1 1

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E a r t h S k y , W a t e r

L

A I M x t > T o t h i n k a b o u t t h e h a b i t a t s i n

w h i c h d i f f e r e n t a n i m a l s l i v e

8 3

B A S K E T W O M A N

R U N N I N G F R E E 2 C

D E S C R I B E T H E H A B I T A T G A M E

C u t t h e w h e e l o u t o r t r a c e i t o n a n o t h e r p i e c e o f

p a p e r t o c u t o u t . C u t t h e s p i n n e r o u t a n d a t t a c h i t

l o o s e l y t o t h e w h e e l w i t h a p a p e r f a s t e n e r i n t h e

c e n t e r .

S p i n t h e a r r o w . N a m e a n a n i m a l t h a t l i v e s i n t h e

a r e a w h e r e t h e a r r o w l a n d s . I m a g i n e y o u a r e t h a t

a n i m a l . D e s c r i b e w h a t y o u s e e . W r i t e a b o u t y o u r

h a b i t a t . W r i t e a b o u t a d a y o r a n e v e n t i n : ' o u r

l i f e . R e a d w h a t y o u w r o t e t o a f r i e n d .

G U E S S T H E A N I M A L G A M E

W i t h t w o t o f o u r p a r t n e r s t a k e t u r n s s p i n n i n g t h e

w h e e l . O n e p e r s o n i s t h e s p i n n e r . T h e s p i n n e r

m u s t t h i n k o f a n a n i m a l t h a t c o m e s f r o m w h e r e

t h e a r r o w l a n d s .

T h e o t h e r p l a y e r s m u s t a s k q u e s t i o n s t h a t r e q u i r e

a y e s o r n o a n s w e r a s t h e y t r y t o g u e s s w h a t

a n i m a l t h e s p i n n e r i s s u p p o s e d t o b e . T h e p l a y e r

w h o g u e s s e s f i r s t b e c o m e s t h e s p i n n e r .

8 4

p , ' , f , s s . . . . . . . . 1 i . A . , . . . .

'a 7

B A S K E T W O M A N

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T h i n k a b o u t t h e t h r e e r e g i o n s i n t h e N o r t h w e s t .

T R I B A L G A M E

W i t h t w o t o f o u r p l a y e r s t a k e

t u r n s s p i n n i n g t h e a r r o w .

O n e p e r s o n s p i n s t h e a r t o w .

W h e n i t l a n d s o n a r e g i o n

( P l a i n s , P l a t e a u o r C o a s t )

t h e s p i n n e r m u s t n a m e a

t r i b e f r o m t h a t r e g i o n .

O n c e t h e t r i b e h a s b e e n

n a m e d i t m u s t b e s p e l l e d

c o r r e c t l y . ( U s e t h e

E a r t h , S k y , W a t e r c a r d

( 1 A - 1 B ) t o c h e c k t h e

t r i b a l n a m e s a n d

l o c a t i o n s . )

C h a n g e s p i n n e r s a n d t r y

a g a i n . B e s u r e t o c h o o s e

d i f f e r e n t t r i b e s u n t i l

a l l i n o n e r e g i o n h a v e

b e e n n a m e d .

R U N N I N G F R E E 2 D

8 5

8 6

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1 1 1 0 1 . ,

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l o c C i t . o .

j o

4 1

T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

A s s i n i b o i n e W o m a n M a k i n g G r e a s e

L e v e l I V B o o k 4

A n A s s i n i h o i n e S t o r y

A r 4 t o l d b y J e r o m e F o u r s t a r

J e r o n w F o u r s t a r . C o o r d i n a t o r

M a d o n n a F o u r s t a r

J o s e p h C l a n c y , I l l u s t r a t o r

G e r a l d i n e C l a n c y , I l l u s t r a t o r

I l l u s t r a t e d b y J o s e p h C l a n c y

J o s e p h C o b u r n , D i r e c t o r

P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n P r o g r a m

N o r t h w e s t R e g i o n a l E d u c a t i o n a l L a b o r a t o r y

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T h i s w o r k h a s n o t a s y e t b e e n p u b l i s h e d a n d i s a f f o r d e d a l l

p r o t e c t i o n s u n d e r t h e U . S . C o p y r i g h t L a w 0 3 . L . 9 4 - 5 5 3 ) e f f e c t i v e

J a n u a r y 1 , 1 9 7 8 .

C o p y r i g h t i n t h e p u b l i s h e d e d i t i o n w i l l b e h e l d b y a n d i n t h e n a m e o f t h e

M e m b e r s o f t h e A s s i n i b o i n e a n d S i o u x T r i b e s o f t h e F o r t P e c k R e s e r v a t i o n .

N o p a r t o f t h i s w o r k m a y b e r e p r o d u c e d , s t o r e d i n a r e t r i e v a l s y s t e m ,

o r t r a n s c r i b e d , i n a n y f o r m o r b y a n y m e a n s , e l e c t r o n i c ,

m e c h a n i c a l ,

p h o t o c o p y i n g , r e c o r d i n g , o r o t h e r w i s e w i t h o u t t h e p r i o r w r i t t e n

p e r m i s s i o n o f t h e a u t h o r a g e n c y i d e n t i f i e d b e l o w .

T h e p r o j e c t p r e s e n t e d o r r e p o r t e d h e r e i n w a s p e r f o r m e d

p u r s u a n t t o a g r a n t f r o m t h e N a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e o f E d u c a t i o n ,

D e p a r t m e n t o f H e a l t h , E d u c a t i o n , a n d W e l f a r e . H o w e v e r , t h e

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v s

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r -

W h e n t h e h u n t e r s b r o u g h t i n b u f f a l o , t h e w o m e n p r e p a r e d

m u c h o f

t h e m e a t f o r w i n t e r b y d r y i n g i t .

T h e y w o u l d c u t t h e m e a t i n t o t h i n s l i c e s . T h e s e s l i c e s w e r e h u n g o n

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0 . .

w 7 . 1 1 . 7 1 .. w w w n

w w

A w n

1 1 (

I e

T h e g r e a s e w a s r u b b e d i n t o

t h e h i d e o n b o t h s i d e s a n d a l l o w e d

t o s o a k i n t o t h e h i d e . A f t e r a d a y o r

t w o , t h e h i d e w a s s o f t e n e d b y p u l l -

i n g i t b a c k a n d f O r t h a r o u n d a p o l e

t h a t s t a n d s u p r i g h t . A f t e r t h e h i d e

w a s s o f t e n e d , t h e t a n n e d h i d e w a s

r e a d y f o r u s e .

O R

-

P

T h e b u f f a l o h i d e

w a s a l s o p r e p a r e d b y

t h e w o m e n . ' l b

p r e p a r e t h e h i d e , i t w a s f i r s t

s t r e t c h e d a n d p e g g e d t o t h e g r o u n d . A f t e r

s o m e d r y i n g , t h e h i d e w

s c r a p e d b y e l k h o r n

s c r a p e r s t o r e m o v e t h e h a i r a n d t h e f a t . T h e f a t

w a s t h e n r e n d e r e d i n t o p e a s e .

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G a m e b e c a m e s c a r c e a n d i t w a s d e c i d e d t h a t t h e c a m p w o u l d m o v e .

S c o u t s h a d l o c a t e d a p l a c e w h e r e g a m e w a s a b u n d a n t . E v e r y o n e b e g a n

p a c k i n g t o m o v e .

A n o l d w o m a n i n t h e c a m p w a s n o t r e a d y t o m o v e b e c a u s e s h e w a s i n

t h e p r o c e s s o f m a k i n g g r e a s e . S h e t o l d t h e o t h e r s , " G o o n . I a m g o i n g t o

s t a y a n d f i n i s h b e f o r e I f o l l o w y o u . "

9 6

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6

- " A r f e ^ - , , -

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T h a t n i g h t s h e w a s f i n i s h i n g t h e r e n d e r i n g o f t h e

g r e a s e . B e c a u s e s h e d i d n o t h a v e l i g h t s t o w o r k w i t h , s h e

t e r 1 -

l o n g w i l l o w a n d m a d e i t i n t o a t o r c h . T h e t o r c h w a s

m a n e b y d i p p i n g o n e e n d i n t o g r e a s e a n d l i g h t i n g i t . S h e

t o o k t h e u n l i g h t e d e n d a n d p u s h e d i t d o w n t h e b a c k o f h e r

d r e s s . T h i s g a v e h e r l i g h t t o w o r k b y .

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T h e o l d w o m a n h e a r d s o m e

s o u n d s o u t s i d e . S h e l o o k e d o u t a n d

s a w e i g h t e n e m y w a r r i o r s . S h e

w a s s u r e t h e y w e r e p l a n n i n g

t o k i l l h e r . S h e t h o u g h t o f a n i d e a

t o e s c a p e . S h e p u t s o m e g r e e n

w o o d o n h e r f i r e a n d i n ' t e d t h e

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,

T h e w a r r i o r s a c c e p t e d h e r i n v i t a t i o n a n d c a m e i n s i d e . T h e

g r e e n w o o d w a s b e g i n n i n g t o f i l l t h e i n s i d e w i t h s m o k e . S h e t o l d

t h e m s h e w a s g o i n g o u t s i d e t o o p e n t h e f l a p s o f t h e t e p e e t o l e t t h e

s m o k e o u t . O n c e o u t s i d e , s h e b e g a n r u n n i n g t o w a r d a h i g h c l i f f .

W h e n s h e d i d n ' t r e t u r n , o n e o f t h e w a r r i o r s l o o k e d o u t . H e

s p o t t e d h e r i m m e d i a t e l y b e c a u s e s h e s t i l l h a d t h e t o r c h o n h e r

b a c k . T h e y o u n g w a r r i o r t o l d t h e o t h e r s , " S h e ' s g e t t i n g a w a y " .

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T h e o l d w o m a n l e d t h e m t o w a r d t h e h i g h c l i f f . A s

t h e y g o t c l o s e r , s h e t h r e w t h e t o r c h o v e r t h e c l i f f . S h e r a n

t o t h e s i d e a n d h i d .

T h e w a r r i o r s d i d n o t k n o w t h e c l i f f w a s t h e r e . T h e y

w e r e r u n q i n g a s f a s t a s t h e y c o u l d t o w a r d t h e l i g h t a n d

w e n t o v e r t h e e d g e o f t h e c l i f f .

1 0 2

0 . 0 1 7 : 7 7 . 7 7 1 ,

; 1 - $ 4 : :

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T h e n e x t d a y , t h e o l d w o m a n

p a c k e d u p a n d j o i n e d t h e m a i n c a m p .

S h e t o l d t h e c h i e f s , " I h a v e k i l l e d e i g h t

e n e m y w a r r i o r s . " S h e t o l d t h e m h e r

s t o r y

e l t a l i u n f i t a x 4 a . 1 . 2 d e E .

4 -

t i

I

T h e c h i e f s d i d n o t b e l i e v e h e r ,

a n d t h e y w e n t t o t h e c l i f f t o s e e f o r

t h e m s e l v e s . S u r e e n o u g h , a l l e i g h t

e n e m y w a r r i o r s w e r e d e a d a t

t h e b o t -

t o m o f t h e c l i f f .

T h e o l d w o m a n b e c a m e a h e r o i n e

c r a r i a r g t a &

1 0 5

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M A R L E F O U R S T A R

M A D O N N A F O U R S T A R

J E R O M E F O U R S T A R

G E R A L D I N E C L A N C Y

i o

1 0 6

a .

r t

J O S E P H C L A N C Y

1 0 7

A S S I N I B O I N E W O M A N

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I n d i a n F o o d P r e p a r a t i o n

A I M 2 4 > T o u n d e r s t a n d h o w I n d i a n p e o p l e

p r e p a r e f o o d

M A K I N G G R E A S E 4 A

I n d i a n s h a v e m a n y w a y s o f p r e p a r i n g f o o d . O n e s u c h

m e t h o d i s b o i l i n g . T o d a y m e a t i s p l a c e d i n w a t e r i n a

p o t s e c d i r e c t l y o v e r a f i r e . A n o l d e r w a y o f b o i l i n g

w a s t o p l a c e h o t s t o n e s i n w a t e r h e l d b y b a s k e t s o r

b u f f a l o p a u n c h e s . T h e b o i l i n g w a t e r c o o k e d t h e f o o d .

T h e e a r t h o v e n ( s t i l l u s e d o n t h e c o a s t ) i s a n o t h e r

c o o k i n g m e t h o d T h i s i s a l a r g e h o l e i n t h e g r o u n d

w h i c h h o l d s r e d - h o t s t o n e s a n d t h e m e a t t o b e c o o k e d .

T h e h o l e i s c l o s e d w i t h m o r e e a r t h a n d t h e s t e a m a n d

h e a t t r a p p e d i n t h e h o l e c o o k s t h e f o o d .

P r e s e r v i n g f o o d i s a l s o i m p o r t a n t t o I n d i a n s . M e a t

a n d f i s h a r e o f t e n d r i e d o n r a c k s . T h e w i n d a n d s u n

h e l p t o d r y t h e m e a t .

J e r k y i s d r i e d m e a t . P e m m i c a n i s a w a y d r i e d m e a t i s

u s e d . I t i s m a d e f r o m d r i e d m e a t m i x e d w i t h a n i m a l

f a t a n d f r u i t o r b e r r i e s .

S m o k i n g w a s a n o t h e r w a y t o p r e p a r e f o o d w h i c h n o t

o n l y h e l p s f o o d l a s t , b u t i m p r o v e s t h e t a s t e a s w e l l .

M a n y o f t h e s e m e t h o d s w e r e n o t o n l y u s e d i n t h e p a s t

b u t a r e s t i l l u s e d t o d a y .

y - . . A c :

A i d n a

V . = . * , +

t i

A S S I N I B O I N E W O M A N

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M A K I N G G R E A S E 4 B

I N D I A N G R E A S E B R E A D

O R

F R Y B R E A D

4 c u p s f l o u r

3 t s p . b a k i n g p o w d e r

1 t s p . s a l t

1 1 / 2 c u p s w a r m w a t e r

( I f d e s i r e d , a d d a l i t t l e

p o w d e r e d m i l k a n d a d a s h

o f s u g a r . )

I n a b o w l s t i r f l o o r , b a k i n g p o w d e r a n d s a l t .

A d d w a t e r a l i t t l e a t a t i m e . K n e a d u n t i l t h e

d o u g h d o e s n ' t s t i c k t o y o u r h a n d s .

S h a p e i n t o b a l l s a n d f l a t t e n t h e d o u g h .

M e l t s h o r t e n i n g i n s k i l l e t a n d d e e p f r y a b o u t 5

m i n u t e s o r e a c h s i d e o r u n t i l g o l d e n b r o w n .

M n i m m

: . s y r E '

7 , 0 1 - v . +

r .

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L e v e l I V B o o k 5

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a . - - , 1 1 T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

O m ' - 1 1 1 S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

C o y o t e a n d t h e N o r t h W i n d

C o y o t e a n d t h e C r o w

C o y o t e a n d t h e T i c k

L e v e l I V B o o k 5

B y m e m b e r s o f t h e W a r m S p r i n g s

R e s e r v a t i o n C o m m i t t e e

V e r b e n a G r e e n , C o o r d i n a t o r

J a c k i e E s t i m o

L i l l i e H e a t h

V i o l a K a l a m a

S t e l l a M c K i n l e y

C l a r a M o o d y

A d a S o o k s o i t

C h r i s t i n e U m

F e l i x W a l l u l a t u m

W i l s o n W e w a , J r .

D e b r a S m i t h , l i l a s t r a t o r

C a r o l A l l i s o n A u s t r a i o r

a . I

. 4 f

,

#

- i . y r p t . s s

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t

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C o y o t e a n d t h e N o r t h W i n d

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L o n g a g o , t h e I n d i a n p e o p l e l i v e d o u t i n t h e o p e n a i r m o r e

t h a n t h e y d o n o w . W i n d w a s a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t o f n a t u r e t o

t h e m . T h e w i n d c a r r i e d c l o u d s t o d i f f e r e n t p a r t s o f t h e c o u n t r y

a n d c l e a n e d t h e o d o r s f r o m t h e a i r .

T h e w i n d h e l p e d t o c o o l t h e h o t , d r y s u m m e r d a y s . W i n d

h e l p e d t o d r y t h e c l o t h e s a f t e r a g o o d w a s h i n g i n t h e r i v e r .

W i n d a l s o h e l p e d t o d r y t h e m e a t a n d t h e f i s h , a s i t h u n g t o d r y

f o r t h e l o n g w i n t e r .

T h i s i s a s t o r y m y m o t h e r t o l d m e o f C o y o t e a n d t h e N o r t h

w i n d . I w i l l s h a r e i t w i t h y o u . M a y b e y o u w i l l b e a b l e t o t e l l i t t o

s o m e o n e s o m e d a y .

r

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M a n y y e a r s a g o w h e n a n i -

m a l s l i v e d l i k e p e o p l e , C o y o t e w a s

a n g r y w i t h N o r t h

W i n d . W h e n

C o y o t e w a s h u n t i n g , t h e N o r t h

W i n d w o u l d b l o w t h e g r a s s a n d

s c a r e a w a y t h e

r a b b i t s . W h e n

C o y o t e w o u l d t r y t o s l e e p , t h e

N o r t h W i n d w o u l d w a k e h i m u p .

C o y o t e d e c i d e d h e w o u l d

t r a p t h e N o r t h W i n d . C o y o t e s e t a l l

k i n d s o f t r a p s o f m a n y s i z e s . H e s e t

t h e m b y t h e r i v e r . H e s e t t h e m i n

t h e t o p s o f t r e e s . H e s e t t h e m i n t h e

t a l l g r a s s e s o r w h e r e v e r h e c o u l d

s e e t h e w i n d b l o w i n g

t h i n g s . H e

W o r k e d

v e r y h a r d b u t c o u l d n o t

L t r a 0 t h e N o r t h W i n d . N o r t h W i n d

C o w t e t r i e d f o u r t i m e s a n d

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f a i l e d e a c h t i m e . C o y o t e c a l l e d t o

h i s b r o t h e r a n d s i s t e r , " C o m e o u t

a n d h e l p m e I b 1 1 m e w h a t I ' m

d o i n g w r o n g " T h e y a n s w e r e d h i m

s a y i n g , " N o , y o u d o i t y o u r s e l f . Y o u

a l w a y s k n o w m o r e t h a n

a n y o n e , o r

a t l e a s t y o u t h i n k y o u d o "

C o y o t e b e c a m e

a n g r y " I ' l l

m a k e i t r a i n h a r d , i f

y o u d o n ' t h e l p

m e . " h e g r o w l e d .

H i s b r o t h e r a n d s i s t e r d i d n ' t

l i k e t o h u n t i n t h e m u d ,

s o t h e y

a g r e e d t o h e l p h i m .

C o y o t e ' s b r o t h e r a n d s i s t e r

t o l d h i m , " S e t y o u r t r a p

o v e r o n t o p

o f t h e k n o l l

o n t h a t h i l l . " A s

a l w a y s , C o y o t e s a i d , " T h a t i s j u s t

w h a t I t h o u g h t . " C o y o t e a c t e d l i k e

h e k n e w i t a l l t h e t i m e . W i t h o u t

: o r e s t h a n k i n g t h e m , C o y o t e s e t o f

i n t r a p t h e N o r t h W i n d .

C o y o t e w a s

s o h a p p y a t h i s

s u c c e s s , h e d a n c e d a n d s a n g t w o

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T h e n o n e d a y , C o y o t e

v e r y w a r m . T h e s u n w a s s h i n i n g

v e r y b r i g h t . C o y o t e t h o u g h t o f

N o r t h W i n d t r a p p e d o n t o p o f t h e

k n o l l o n t h e h i l l . C o y o t e d e c i d e d t o

l e t N o r t h W i n d l o o s e .

" N o r t h W i n d w i l l b l o w

a c o o l

b r e e z e , " t h o u g h t C o y o t e .

C o y o t e w a s s i n g i n g a s h e

c l i m b e d t o t h e t o p o f t h e k n o l l . H e

w a s t h i n k i n g . " H o w c o o l N o r t h

W i n d w i l l f e e l b l o w i n g t h r o u g h

m y

f u n "

C o y o t e l e t N o r t h W i n d o u t o f

t h e t r a p . " B l o w N o r t h W i n d I t i s

s o

w a r m t o d a y . Y o u a l i g h t d o u s s o m e

4 1 7 0 0 0 % . " '

A e r i o

g t i z '

0 4 4 4 1 1 1 N w m e a p .

. / 6 , , . /

O h o . b .

o o g p s , w

C A 6 : 1 0 %

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" N o r t h W i n d W e a r e s o g l a d t o

s e e y o u . P l e a s e , b l o w y o u r c o o l

b r e e i e a n d c o o l u s o f f " t h e a n i m a l s s h o u t e d ,

a s t h e y j u m p e d u p a n d

d o w n w i t h j o y . " N o r t h W i n d ,

w e a r e s o g l a d t o s e e y o u " s i g h e d t h e

t r e e s . " O u r l e a v e s a r e w a i t i n g f o r y o u t o b l o w t h e m o f f . I t ' s g e t t i n g

l a t e a n d s o o n t h e s n o w w i l l f a l l "

N o r t h W i n d w a s g l a d h i s f r i e n d s a l l m i s s e d h i m . " I w i l l h e l p

y o u

a l l , " s a i d N o r t h W i n d , " b u t I

a m g o i n g t o t e a c h C o y o t e a l e s s o n . "

N o r t h W i n d b l e w v e r y

v e r y g e n t l y t h e f i r s t d a y .

C o y o t e h o l l e r e d a t N o r t h W i n d , " B l o w h a r d e r I t ' s

w a r m t o d a y "

N o r t h W i n d j u s t l o o k e d t h e o t h e r

w a y a n d g e n t l y r u f f l e d t h e

l e a v e s a s h e p a s s e d o v e r t h e t r e e s .

T h e s e c o n d d a y , t h e s u n s h o n e v e r y b r i g h t . N o r t h W i n d

w a s

b l o w i n g j u s t a t i n y b i t h a r d e r .

C o y o t e w e n t o u t i n t o t h e d e s e r t t o h u n t . A s h e w a l k e d a n d

r a n

t h r o u g h t h e s a g e b r u s h c h a s i n g r a b b i t s , h e b e c a m e

v e r y w a r m . H e

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C o y o t e w o k e u p e a r l y

o n t h e

t h i r d d a y a n d w e n t t o t h e r i v e r

t o

w a s h h i s c l o t h e s . A s C o y o t e h u n g

h i s c l o t h e s u p t o d r y , h e t h o u g h t

t o

" H n u n , N o r t h W i n d i s

b l o w i n g a l i t t l e h a r d e r t h a n

y e s -

t e r d a y b u t s t i l l n o t h a r d e n o u g h t o

d r y t h e s e c l o t h e s . " S o C o y o t e

c a l l e d t o N o r t h W i n d , " B l o w h a r -

d e r M y c l o t h e s

a r e w e t C a n ' t y o u

b l o w h a r d e r ? "

N o r t h W i n d w a s b u s y b l o w -

i n g f l o w e r s e e d s

a c r o s s t h e

m e a d o w .

1 2 3

t + ,

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T h e f o u r t h d a y c a m e a n d N o r t h W i n d w a s b l o w i n g a l i t t l e

h a r d e r t h a n h e w a s y e s t e r d a y .

C o y o t e w e n t o f f t o p i c k b e r r i e s w i t h t h e o t h e r a n i m a l s . S k u n k

w a s p i c k i n g h u c k l e b e r r i e s

f r o m a b u s h n e x t t o C o y o t e . T h a t N o r t h

W i n d o n l y b l o w s w h e n y o u d o n ' t w a n t h i m t o " , C o y o t e s a i d t o S k u n k .

" Y o u j u s t w a n t y o u r o w n w a y , " s a i d S k u n k a n d w a l k e d a w a y .

C o y o t e w e n t o v e r t o P o r c u p i n e w h o w a s p i c k i n g b e r r i e s n e a r

t h e r i v e r . " I t r a p p e d t h e N o r t h W i n d " b o a s t e d C o y o t e , " H e ' s n o t a s

w i n d y a s h e t h i n k s h e i s "

T h e a n i m a l s p i c k e d u p t h e i r b a s k e t s o f b e r r i e s a n d w a l k e d a w a y

f r o m C o y o t e . T h e y d i d n ' t l i k e t o h e a r C o y o t e t a l k a b o u t t h e i r f r i e n d

t h a t w a y .

N o r t h W i n d p e e k e d a t t h e m f r o m b e h i n d o n e o f t h e c l o u d s h e

w a s c h a s i n g a c r o s s

t h e s k y .

T h e m o r n i n g o f t h e f i f t h d a y , C o y o t e w o k e u p a n d s l e e p i l y

c r a w l e d o u t o f h i s t e p e e . H e h a d b e e n u p l a t e c l e a n i n g h i s b e r r i e s a n d

s p r e a d i n g t h e m o u t t o d r , ' . N o r t h W i n d s a w C o y o t e a n d b l e w a c r o s s

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I s t h i s h a r d e n o u g h ? "

h o w l e d t h e N o r t h W i n d . H e b l e w

C o y o t e h e a d o v e r h e e l s , r o l l i n g

h i m d o w n t h e h i l l a n d k n o c k i n g

h i m o u t .

W h e n h e w o k e u p h e t o l d h i s

b r o t h e r a n d s i s t e r , " O h , I j u s t w e n t

t o s l e e p f o r a w h i l e . "

1 2 6

1 1

F o u r W i n d s

C O Y O T E A N D T H E N O R T H W I N D * 5 A

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A I M 2 >

T o h e l p d e v e l o p a c l a s s r o o m c o m m u n i t y ( t h e P e o p l e T r i b e ) w i t h s t r o n g I n d i a n

v i r t u e s w h i c h s h o w h o w t o a c t w h e n w o r k i n g i n s m a l l e r f a m i l y g r o u p s

W i n d s c o m e f r o m t h e f o u r m a i n d i r e c t i o n s o f t h e u n i -

v e r s e ; t h e n o r t h , t h e s o u t h , t h e e a s t a n d t h e w e s t . A l l

l i v i n g t h i n g s f e e l t h e p o w e r o f t h e s e w i n d s t h r o u g h o u t

l i f e . A s a p e r s o n g r o w s , e a c h g o e s t h r o u g h f o u r m a i n

s t a g e s ; b e i n g a b a b y , b e i n g a c h i l d , b e i n g a n a d u l t

a n d f i n a l l y r e a c h i n g o l d a g e t o b e c o m e a n e l d e r . E a c h

y e a r a s w e g r o w o l d e r o u r l i v e s p a s s t h r o u g h f o u r s e a -

s o n s ; s p r i n g , s u m m e r , f a l l a n d w i n t e r .

T h e r e a r e m a n y p o w e r s l i k e t h e w i n d w h i c h a f f e c t u s

a n d t h e r e a r e m a n y p a t t e r n s l i k e t h e n u m b e r 4 w h i c h

r e p e a t t h e m s e l v e s a s w e g r o w . I n d i a n p e o p l e r e s p e c t

t h e p o w e r o f t h e w i n d a n d t h e n u m b e r 4 .

L o o k a t t h e s y m b o l b e l o w a n d n o t i c e t h a t e a c h w i n d

d i r e c t i o n h a s a w o r d w i t h i t t h a t d e s c r i b e s a n h o n o r -

a b l e w a y t o a c t . T h e s e a r e v i r t u e s . T h e s e v i r t u e s h a v e

h e l p e d k e e p I n d i a n p e o p l e s t r o n g i n h e a r t a n d m i n d .

W i s d o m

N o r t h w i n d

B r a v e r y

W e s t W i n d

H o n e s t y

S o u t h w i n d

E n d u r a n c e

E a s t W i n d

F O U R W I N D S G R O U P

D i v i d e t h e c l a s s i n t o f o u r d i f f e r e n t g r o u p s . E a c h g r o u p

w i l l b e l i k e a f a m i l y w i t h m a z y b r o t h e r s a n d s i s t e r s .

R R .

a m O w t m a i r m l w a l l "

T h i s s y m b o l m e a n s

a f a m i l y .

E a c h g r o u p m u s t d o t h e f o l l o w i n g :

C h o o s e a w i n d d i r e c t i o n w i t h t h e v i r t u e t h a t t h e

g r o u p w o u l d l i k e t o f o l i o w .

M a k e a l i s t o f w a y s t h e g r o u p c a n l i v e u p t o i t s

v i r t u e .

E x a m p i e

A s b r o t h e r s a n d s i s t e r s o f t h e s o u t h w i n d . w a y s t o

s h o w h o n e s t y m i g h t b e :

a l w a y s t e l l i n g t h e t r u t h

n o t t a k i n g t h i n g s w h i c i d o n o t b e l o n g t o y o u

a s k i n g t o b o r r o w t h i n g ;

g i v i n g e v e r y o n e a c h a n c e t o t a l k s o t h a t t h e y

m a y e x p r e s s i d e a s h o n e s t l y a n d o p e n l y

W h a t e l s e c o u l d b e a d d e d t o t h i s l i s t ?

' D i k e t u r n s w r i t i n g y o u r l i s t o n a l a r g e s h e e t o f

p a p e r w i t h y o u r v i r t u e a t t h e t o p .

1 2 R

a , 6 . 4 , , , , , f t s .

4 4

C O Y O T E A N D T H E N O R T H W I N D 5 B

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S E L E C T A N E L D E R

E a c h f a m i l y g r o u p s h o u l d d e c i d e h o w t o s e l e c t

a n e l d e r ; F o r I n d i a n p e o p l e a n e l d e r i s u s u a l l y

a n o l d e r p e r s o n w h o h a s a c h i e v e d g r e a t r e s p e c t

f o r g o o d d e e d s , b r a v e r y o r k n o w l e d g e

M a k e a l i s t o f q u a l i t i e s y o u r e l d e r s h o u l d h a v e .

A t t h e b o t t o m o f y o u r l i s t w r i t e h o w t h e e l d e r i n

y o u r f a m i l y w i l l b e c h o s e n . ( Y o u m a y w i s h t o

c h a n g e y o u r e l d e r f r b m t i m e t o t i m e . )

C h o o s e y o u r f i r s t e l d e r . S h o w t h a t p e r s o n r e s p e c t .

T H E C O U N C I L L O D G E

I n m o s t t r i b e s t h e f a m i l i e s g a t h e r e d t o g e t h e r t o t a l k

a b o u t i m p o r t a n t t h i n g s . E l d e r s w e r e g i v e n a c h a n c e t o

s p e a k f i r s t , b u t e v e r y o n e a l s o h a d a c h a n c e . A l l l i s t e n e d

t o w h a t o t h e r s h a d t o s a y i n t h e c o u n c i l l o d g e , D e c i -

s i o n s c o u l d t h e n b e m a d e a b o u t w h a t w a s b e

f o r a l l

t h e p e o p l e . T h e c o u n c i l l o d g e m i g h t d e c i d e w h e r e t o

c a m p , w h e r e t o h u n t o r w h e n t o m o v e . H o n o r i n g c e l e -

b r a t i o n s m i g h t a l s o t a k e p l a c e w h e n a l l t h e p e o p l e

w e r e g a t h e r e d i n t h e c o u n c i l l o d g e .

G a t h e r t h e f a m i l y g r o u p s t o g e t h e r i n a c o u n c i l

l o d g e .

T h i s s y m b o l m e a n s c o m i n g

t o g e t h e r i n t h e c o u n c i l

l o d g e .

E a c h f a m i l y e l d e r c a n s h a r e t h e v i r t u e c h o s e n b y

t h e i r g r o u p a n d t h e w a y s t o s h o w i t . O t h e r f a m i l y

m e m b e r s m a y a d d s o m e t h i n g a f t e r t h e i r e l d e r h a s

s p o k e n .

A f t e r a l l f a m i l i e s h a v e s p o k e n , t h e c o u n c i l l o d g e

s h o u l d s e l e c t t w o o f t h e b e s t i d e a s f r o m e a c h o f t n e

F o u r W i n d s g r o u p ' s l i s t s . T h i s w i l l b e t h e c o u n c i l

l o d g e ' s g u i d i n g v i r t u e s . A l l l o d g e m e m b e r s s h o u l d

t r y h a r d t o f o l l o w t h e s e .

P o s t a l l f i v e l i s t s a r o u n d t h e r o o m t o r e m i n d y o u

o f t h e F o u r W i n d s g r o u p s .

T h i s s y m b o l m e a n s t h e

c o u n c i l l o d g e b r e a k s u p .

A s y o u r e a d t h e I n d i a n s t o r i e s y o u w i l l h a v e m a n y

c h a n c e s t o r e t u r n t o y o u r F o u r W i n d s f a m i l y

g r o u p a n d t h e c o u n c i l l o d g e .

R E M E M B E R T H E W I N D A N D

T H E N U M B E R F O U R .

-

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C o y o t e a n d T h e C r o w

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I n d i a n a r t i s v e r y c l o s e t o n a t u r e . I n d i a n a r t

v e r y o f t e n i s

m a d e f r o m n a t u r a l m a t e r i a l s a n d i s g i v e n l i f e t h r o u g h t h e

n a t u r a l e l e m e n t s : g r o u n d , f i r e , a i r a n d w a t e r . M a n y p a i n t s

a r e

m a d e f r o m b o i l i n g b e r r i e s , b a r k r o o t s a n d d i f f e r e n t t y p e s

o f d i r t .

T h e b a r k o f t h e c e d a r t r e e m a k e s

a d e e p b r o w n c o l o r . T h e

c o l o r y e l l o w i s m a d e f r o m t h e w i l l o w t r e e . C h a r c o a l m a d e t h e

c a l o r b l a c k . M a n y o t h e r m a t e r i a l s a r e u s e d t o m a k e d i f f e r e n t

c o l o r s . T h e c o l o r p i g m e n t s

a r e m i x e d w i t h a n i m a l f a t s i n s m a l l

s t o n e b o w l s o r p o t s e s p e c i a l l y m a d e f o r t h a t

p u r p o s e .

T h e I n d i a n p e o p l e l o n g a g o p a i n t e d

o n r a w h i d e .

R a m ; h i d e

i s t h e h a r d d r y s k i n o f t h e d e e r . T h e r a w h i d e

w a s u s e d t o m a k e

d r u m s a n d I n d i a n s u i t c a s e s . S u i t c a s e s

a r e " S u p t a k i " w h e n

p r o n o u n c e d i n t h e W a r m S p r i n g s l a n g u a g e . T h e o l d I n d i a n

p e o p l e l o n g a g o p a i n t e d t h e i r b o d i e s i n t i m e o f

s o r r o w o r w h e n

d a n c i n g . T h e y e v e n p a i n t e d t h e i r t e p e e s .

T h e y d r e w p i c t u r e s o n r o c k s , c l i f f s a n d t r e e s . D e s i g n s

w e r e m a d e w i t h p o r c u p i n e q u i l l s a n d b e a d s s e w n o n t h e i r d e e r

C o y o t e w a s w a l k i n g a l o n g

a

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t r a i l o n e d a y . H e

w a s i n a v e r y

a n g r y m o o d . H e w a s a n g r y w i t h

e v e r y o n e a n d w a s l o o k i n g f o r

t r o u b l e . A s h e w a l k e d a l o n g w i t h

h i s h e a d d o w n , h e p a s s e d

a n I n -

d i a n . C o y o t e s p o k e t o t h e I n d i a n

b u t t h e I n d i a n d i d n o t

a n s w e r . T h i s

m a d e C o y o t e

v e r y a n g r y . C o y o t e ,

s t i l l w a l k i n g w i t h h i s h e a d d o w n ,

w a l k e d o v e r t o t h e I n d i a n a n d j a b -

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1 8

w a s n ' t a p e r s o n I t w a s a n o l d t r e e

s t u m p . C o y o t e ' s e l b o w

c a u g h t i n

t h e r o t t e d s t u m p . A l t h o u g h h e

p u l l e d h a r d , h e c o u l d n o t g e t h i s

e l b o w o u t o f t h e s t u m p . C o y o t e

b e g a n t o h o w l a n d s c r e a m f o r h e l p .

H e m a d e s o m u c h n o i s e t h a t a l l t h e

b i r d s o f t h e f o r e s t c a m e f l y i n g t o

s e e w h a t w a s

t h e m a t t e r .

T h e b i r d s a l l t o o k t u r n s

p e c k i n g a t t h e s t u m p t r y i n g t o s e t

C o y o t e f r e e . A t l a s t W o o d p e c k e r

c a m e a n d

p e c k e d t h e w o o d a w a y

f r o m C o y o t e ' s e l b o w . C o y o t e w a s

f r e e a t l a s t

1 3 5

Z A 4 5 a W A S I F 5 O I Z I e . 4 1 % A i i i i S i t .

1 3 6

" Y o u b i r d s h a v e b e e n

s o n i c e

t o m e t h i s m o r n i n g , " C o y o t e s a i d ,

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s m i l i n g .

a m g o i n g t o d o s o m e -

t h i n g v e r y n i c e f o r

y o u . I w i l l t a k e

b y I n d i a n p a i n t s m a d e f r o m b e r -

r i e s a n d b a r k d y e s a n d m a k e

y o u

v e r y b e a u t i f u l "

C o y o t e t o o k h i s b r u s h a n d

p a i n t s a n d p a i n t e d t h e b i r d s .

4 '

( . 4 \ A L , 0 1

1 3 7

' 1 3 8

1 9

A f t e r a w h i l e i t b e c a m e

W o o d p e c k e r ' s t u r n t o b e p a i n t e d .

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T h e r e w a s o n l y a l i t t l e b i t o f t h e

b e a u t i f u l r e d p a i n t l e f t i n t h e r o c k

p o t . I t w a s v e r y h a r d t o g e t . A n d

C o y o t e o n l y h a d a v e r y l i t t l e b i t

l e f t . C o y o t e t h o u g h t t o h i m s e l f ,

" W o o d p e c k e r w a s s o g o o d a n d d i d

t h e m o s t w o r k . I w i l l u s e t h i s p r e -

c i o u s p a i n t o n h i m . " C o y o t e t o o k

t h e b e a u t i f u l r e d p a i n t a n d p u t i t

a l l o v e r W o o d p e c k e r ' s h e a d .

2 0

1 3 9

1 4 0

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C r o w s a w t h e b e a u t i f u l h e a d

o f t h e W o o d p e c k e r a n d s a i d t o

C o y o t e , " W h e n y o u p a i n t m e , d o

n o t b e s t i n g y w i t h t h e r e d p a i n t . I

w a n t t o b e r e d a l l o v e r " A l a r m e d ,

C o y o t e s a i d , " B u t t h i s i s a l l t h e r e d

p a i n t I h a v e " T h e c r o w s c r e e c h e d ,

" G o a n d f i n d s o m e m o r e . I w a n t t o

b e r e d a l l o v e r a n d b e t h e m o s t

b e a u t i f u l b i r d i n t h e w o r l d "

" A l l r i g h t , " C o y o t e r e p l i e d ,

" s h u t y o u r e y e s , a n d I w i l l p a i n t

y o u r e d a l l o v e r . " C r o w s h u t h i s

e y e s a n d C o y o t e p a i n t e d h i m . B u t

w h e n C r o w o p e n e d h i s e y e s , h e

w a s p a i n t e d b l a c k i n s t e a d o f t h e

b e a u t i f u l r e d .

C r o w w a s v e r y a n g r y a n d

s c o l d e d C o y o t e , " C a w C a w C a w "

C o y o t e s h o o k h i s f i n g e r a t

C r o w . " I t h a n k e d y o u f o r h e l p i n g t o

s e t m e f r e e f r o m t h e s t u m p b u t y o u

w a n t e d t h e b e s t p a i n t . A f t e r t h i s ,

b e s a t i s f i e d w i t h w h a t p e o p l e a r e

w i l l i n g t o g i v e y o u . "

4 ,

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C E D A R R I C E S

N o r t h w e s t C o a s t c e d a r b o x e s w e r e m a d e f o r

c o o k i n g , s t o r a g e a n d f o r b u r i a l s . F o o d b o x e s

w e r e t r i m m e d w i t h s h e l l s w h i l e o t h e r s w e r e

c a r v e d a n d p a i n t e d .

T h e s i d e s o f a b o x w e r e m a d e f r o m a s i n g l e

p l a n k o f w o o d . T h e p l a n k w a s t r i m m e d a t t h e

j o i n t s o r p l a c e s t o b e b e n t w i t h a s t o n e t o o l

c a l l e d a n a d z e . L a t e r t h e p l a n k o f w o o d w a s

s t e a m e d a n d b e n t i n t o a r e c t a n g l e o r s q u a r e .

G r o o v e s i n s i d e t h e c o r n e r s h e l p e d t o b e n d

t h e w o o d m o r e e a s i l y . T h e j o i n t s w e r e s e w n

w i t h s p r u c e r o o t o r c l o s e d w i t h s m a l l w o o d e n

p e g s . T h e f i n i s h e d b o x e s w e r e c a r v e d o r

p a i n t e d w i t h a n i m a l s d e s i g n s .

' r h o d i a g r a m

s h o w s t h e

g r o o v e s a t t h e

- , , e . s o l t a k r a z e

4 6

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C o y o t e a n d T i c k

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T h e I n d i a n p e o p l e l o n g

a g o l i v e d v e r y c l o s e t o n a t u r e .

T h e y l i v e d i n h u t s m a d e

o f t u l e r e e d s a n d s l e p t

o n m a t t r e s s e s

m a d e o f f i r b o u g h s . T h e y

c o v e r e d t h e m s e l v e s w i t h

c l o t h i n g

a n d b l a n k e t s m a d e o f

a n i m a l h i d e s . T h e p e o p l e

o b s e r v e d t h e

w i n d s , / t h e

s u n , a n d t h e m o o n . T h e y w a t c h e d h o w

t h e s e t h i n g s

a f f e c t e d a l l l i f e h e r e

o n e a r t h . T h e y a l s o w a t c h e d t h e b i r d s

a n d

a n i m a l s , n o t i c i n g h o w t h e y

l i v e d , l e a r n i n g

m a n y t h i n g s f r o m

t h e m . T h e i n s e c t s

w e r e a n o t h e r p a r t o f l i f e t h e I n d i a n s

h a d t o

l i v e w i t h . I n w a t c h i n g t h e m ,

t l . . e y l e a r n e d w h i c h

o n e s w e r e

p o i s o n o u s a n d w h i c h

o n e s w e r e e d i b l e .

T i c k w a s

a n i n s e c t t h e I n d i a n s a l w a y s h a d

t o b e c a r e f u l

o f , f o r h e a l w a y s

w a s t h e f i r s t i n s e c t t o c o m e o u t i n t h e S p r i n g .

M a n y s t o r i e s

w e r e t o l d a b o u t h i m . T h i s i s t h e s t o r y

m y f a t h e r

t o l d m e .

L o n g a g o w h e n t h e I n d i a n

p e o p l e a n d t h e a n i m a l s c o u l d

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C o y o t e , w a s w a l k i n g a l o n g t h r o u g h t h e

s a g e b r u s h

o n e d a y ,

h u n t i n g f o r a r a b b i t t o e a t . C o y o t e

w a s v e r y h u n g r y . H e h a d n o t e a t e n

f o r t w o d a y s . " I t h i n k I w i l l v i s i t T i c k , "

s a i d C o y o t e t o h i m s e l f . " M a y b e

h e w i l l g i v e

m e s o m e d r i e d d e e r m e a t . "

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A f t e r t h e y f i n i s h e d t h e i r m e a l , T i c k i n v i t e d C o y o t e t o a s w e a t

b a t h i n h i s n i c e s w e a t h o u s e . " I t w i l l m a k e y o u f e e l b e t t e r a f t e r a l l t h e

h u n t i n g y o u h a v e b e e n d o i n g , " s a i d T i c k , b e i n g v e r y p o l i t e . T i c k b u i l t

a f i r e t o h e a t t h e r o c k s . A s t h e y w e r e s i t t i n g i n s i d e t h e s w e a t h o u s e ,

C o y o t e n o t i c e d t h e s w e a t h o u s e m e l t e d t h e f a t o n t h e d e e r r i b s ,

m a k i n g t h e f a t d r i p a n d s i z z l e d e l i c i o u s l y a l o n g t h e r o o f .

C o y o t e c o u l d n o t l e t t h a t n i c e , t a s t y f a t g o t o w a s t e . H e w e n t

f r o m o n e p l a c e t o t h e o t h e r , o p e n i n g h i s m o u t h a n d c a t c h i n g t h e

d r i p p i n g f a t .

T h e s e c o n d d a y T i c k a s k e d C o y o t e , " P l e a s e s t a y a n d s w e a t w i t h

m e a g a i n . " " I w o u l d b e

g l a d t o , " s a i d C o y o t e g r e e d i l y . H e w a s t h i n k i n g

o f t h e s i z z l i n g f a t d r i p p i n g i n t h e s w e a t h o u s e . T h e t h i r d d a y , a s

C o y o t e

w a s s i t t i n g i n t h e s w e a t

h o u s e , C o y o t e b e c a m e e v e n m o r e g r e e d y a n d

w a s t h i n k i n g o f a p l a n t o

t a k e T i c k ' s c a m p a n d f o o d a w a y f r o m h i m .

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W h i l e C o y o t e w a t c h e d T i c k ,

h e g o t a n i d e a . C o y o t e s t o o d i n s i d e

t h e d o o r w a i t i n g f o r T i c k t o c o m e

b a c k w i t h , t h e w a t e r . J u s t a s T i c k

s t e p p e d i n s i d e , C o y o t e j u m p e d

r i g h t o n t o p o f p o o r T i c k , a n d f l a t -

t e n e d h i m . T i c k d i d n ' t k n o w w h a t

h a p p e n e d t o h i m . B e c a u s e h e w a s a

g o o d T i c k , t h e G r e a t S p i r i t a l w a y s

t o o k c a r e o f h i m .

T i c k c a l l e d o u t t o h i s s w e a t

h o u s e , " R u n a w a y R u n a w a y "

T i c k g r a b b e d o n t o t h e s w e a t h o u s e

s o C o y o t e c o u l d n o t c a t c h t h e m .

C o y o t e w a s s o a n g r y h e

c a l l e d T i c k n a m e s . T i c k c a l l e d o u t

o n c e m o r e a n d o r d e r e d

h i s w h o l e

c a m p t o r u n a w a y . " T h k e t h e

s w e a t h o u s e a n d t h e b i g t e p e e a n d

a l l t h e d e e r m e a t . " T h e w h o l e c a m p

r a R a w a y . I t k n o c k e d C o y o t e e n d

o v e r e n d . S o m e t i m e

l a t e r , a f t e r

b e i n g k n o c k e d o u t , h e c a m e t o .

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C o y o t e w a s s o a n g r y , h e

c a l l e d f o r T i c k ' s b r o t h e r a n d s i s t e r

a n d d e m a n d e d t h e m t o t e l l h i m

w h a t h a p p e n e d b e c a u s e h e d i d n ' t

r e m e m b e r . B r o t h e r a n d s i s t e r T i c k

d i d n ' t w a n t t o t e l l C o y o t e b e c a u s e

h i s a n g e r f r i g h t e n e d t h e m .

C o y o t e g r o w l e d v e r y l o u d

a n d t h r e a t e n e d , " I w i l l c a l l

u p o n

R a i n t o c o m e i f y o u d o n ' t t e l l

m e .

R a i n w i l l w a s h

y o u a l l a w a y "

B r o t h e r a n d S i s t e r T i c k

b e g g e d h i m n o t t o c a l l

o n R a i n a n d

t h e y t o l d C o y o t e w h a t h a p p e n e d .

B u t , a s u s u a l , C o y o t e j u s t a n -

s w e r e d , " T h a t ' s w k a t I t h o u g h t . "

3 1

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V E R B E N A G R E E N E

O f f e r i n g G o o d T h o u g h t s

C O Y O T E ' A N D T I C K

H O W D E E R H I D E W A S T A N N E D

C O Y O T E ' S D R Y M E A T T U R N S T O

L I V E D E E R 1 5 A

1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /

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A I M X l > f r o b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d t h e

p u r p o s e

o f M s w e a t l o d g e a n d h o w o n e c a n

o f f e r g o o d t h o u g h t s t o o t h e r s

S W E A T L O D G E

T h e s w e a t l o d g e i s u s e d m a i n l y b y t h e P l a i n s a n d

P l a t e a u t r i b e s a s a p u r i f i c a t i o n c e r e m o n y . A n e f f o r t

i s m a d e t o r e m o v e b a d t h o u g h t s f r o m t h e m i n d a n d

c l e a n s e t h e b o d y . P r a y e r s a n d s o n g s a r e o f f e r e d t o

t h e C r e a t o r a s i n d i v i d u a l s s i t i n t h e l o d g e .

T h e s w e a t l o d g e , m a d e f r o m w i l l o w b r a n c h e s , i s a s m a l l

d o m e - s h a p e d s t r u c t u r e . T h e f r a m e i s c o m p l e t e l y c o v -

e r e d u n t i l t h e r e i s n o l i g h t i n s i d e .

R o c k s a r e h e a t e d i n a f i r e o u t s i d e t h e s w e a t l o d g e

a n d c a r r i e d i n s i d e . W a t e r i s p o u r e d o v e r t h e h e a t e d

r o c k s c r e a t i n g h o t s t e a m i n s i d e t h e l o d g e . F o r t h i s

r e a s o n i t i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t a s w e a t l o d g e b e b u i l t n e a rw a t e r .

N o t a l l r o c k s c a n b e h e a t e d . S o m e m a y e x p l o d e .

D i s c u s s o t h e r c e r e m o n i e s w h i c h y o u m a y

k n o w o f w h i c h h e l p a p e r s o n c l e a n s e t h e

b o d y o r m i n d .

1 5 8

1 5 7

C O Y O T E A N D T I C K

H O W D E E R H I D E W A S T A N N E D

C O Y O T E ' S D R Y M E A T T U R N S T O

L I V E D E E R 1 5 B

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4

u n i x W A Y S T O O F F E R G O O D T H O U G H T S

O n e w a y o f o f f e r i n g g o o d t h o u g h t s i s t o l e t t h e p e o p l e

y o u c a r e a b o u t k n o w h o w m u c h t h e y a r e a p p r e c i a t e d .

C o n s i d e r a l l t h e p e o p l e w h o h e l p m a k e y o u r s c h o o l o r

c l a s s r o o m a g o o d p l a c e t o b e .

Y o u m i g h t t r y t o d o s o m e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g t h i n g s :

W h e n p a r e n t s , e l d e r s o r o t h e r g u e s t s v i s i t ,

t r y t o m a k e t h e m f e e l c o m f o r t a b l e . I f p o s -

s i b l e , o f f e r c o f f e e o r a b i t e t o e a t . A c u s t o m

o f m a n y t r i b e s i s t o m a k e s u r e v i s i t o r s d o

n o t g o a w a y h u n g r y .

W h e n s o m e o n e p l e a s e s y o u , l e t t h e m k n o w a b o u t

i t .

S o m e t i m e s w e t a k e p e o p l e f o r g r a n t e d . L e t p e o p l e

k n o w y o u c a r e b y r e m e m b e r i n g t h e m o n b i r t h -

d a y s o r C h r i s t m a s . S e n d t h e m c a r d s w h e n t h e y

W h e n s o m e o n e w e l o v e o r d e p e n d o n m i s s e s a d a y ,

l e t t h e m k n o w y o u r e a l l y m i s s e d t h e m .

W r i t e a n o t e o r l e t t e r t h a n k i n g p e o p l e w h o g a v e

t h e i r t i m e f o r y o u . T h i s i s a n i c e w a y o f t e l l i n g

p e o p l e y o u a p p r e c i a t e t h e m .

S E N D A N O T E

L e t ' s s a y a b a s k e t m a k e r c o m e s t o y o u r c l a s s t o s h o w

y o u b a s k e t s . I f t h e y s p e a k a l a n g u a g e o t h e r t h a n

E n g l i s h , m a y b e y o u r n o t e c o u l d b e w r i t t e n i n t h e i r

l a n g u a g e . A n o t e w r i t t e n o n a b a s k e t d e s i g n w o u l d

b e r e m e m b e r e d a n d m a k e t h a t p e r s o n f e e l g o o d f o r

w h a t t h e y h a d t a u g h t y o u .

t i r o

4 n r

N o r

1 1 1 1 - 1 Z a f l e a l i e - a l t u s i "

i t r r r y

v i k n r " r ; i t - g t

- - T T - E r v i n g , '

- 1 . 1 C : 1 1 1

4 ,

v v v / P

1 I Q C I

m a l t

t t r y - i

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r P Y

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V I f r /

y r - u r o l e e r - a n y

- c u r i t s

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i x a

D e a r

T h a n k y o u f o r

b r i n g i n g y o u r

b a s k e t s .

C o m e

A g a i n I e l

W h a t k i n d o f t h a n k y o u n o t e w o u l d b e g o o d t o s e n d

t o t h e f o l l o w i n g p e o p l e ?

j a n i t o r

t e a c h e r a i d e

p o t t e r

b e a d w o r k e r

t r i b a l o f f i c i a l

g r a n d p a r e n t

q u i l t m a k e r

d r u m m e r

b u s d r i v e r

c o o k

f t m e l i m i l W I l m e n 1 1 0 1 1 b

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L e v e l W B o o k 6

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- W I N I O N V I N 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 M N I N M P P I . o l a f t w w g . 1 1 0 1 .

T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

P P V S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

H o w t h e S u m m e r S e a s o n C a m e

L e v e l I V B o o k 6

B y m e m b e r s o f t h e A s s i n i b o i n e E l d e r s B o a r d

o f t h e F o r t B e l k n a p R e s e r v a t i o n

L e o W i n g , C h a i r m a n

G e o r g e S h i e l d s , S r .

J i m W a l k i n g C h i e f

J u a n i t a T u c k e r

E s t e l l e B l a c k B i r d

J e n n y C . G r a y

R e s e a r c h e d b y K e n n e t h E . R y a n

I l l u s t r a t e d b y G e o r g e S h i e l d s , J r .

P r e s t o n S t i f f a r m , C o o r d i n a t o r

F o r t B e l k n a p E d u c a t i o n D e p a r t m e n t

J o s e p h C o b u r n , D i r e c t o r

P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n P r o g r a m

N o r t h w e s t R e g i o n a l E d u c a t i o n a l L a b o r a t o r y

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D e v e l o p e d b y t h e P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n R e a d i n g a n d L a n g u a g e D e v e l o p m e n t P r o g r a m

N o r t h w e s t R e g i o n a l E d u c a t i o n a l L a b o r a t o r y , 3 0 0 S o u t h w e s t S i x t h A v e n u e , P o r t l a n d , O r e g o n 9 7 2 0 4

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A l o n g t i m e a g o , t h e A s s i n i b o i n e p e o p l e l i v e d i n

a p a r t o f t h e c o u n t r y

t h a t w a s a l m o s t a l w a y s c o v e r e d b y

s n o w . T h e r e w e r e n o h o r s e s a n d o n l y

d o g s w e r e u s e d t o c a r r y t h i n g s . A s m a l l

w a r p a r t y r e t u r n e d a f t e r b e i n g

g o n e a l o n g t i m e a n d w e n t t o t h e c h i e f ' s l o d g e . T h e y t o l d t h e c h i e f t o c a l l

t h e C o u n c i l t o g e t h e r b e c a u s e t h e y h a d

a n i m p o r t a n t m e s s a g e . T h e c h i e f

f e d t h e w a r p a r t y a n d s e n t h i s

c a m p c r i e r t o c a l l a l l C o u n c i l m e m b e r s t o

h i s l o d g e .

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T h e s p o k e s m a n f r o m t h e w a r p a r t y s a i d , ' W e

h a v e b e e n a w a y f r o m

o u r p e o p l e f o r m a n y m o o n s .

W e h a v e s e t f o o t o n l a n d t h a t b e l o n g s t o

o t h e r s , a l a n d w i t h o u t s n o w . T h i s l a n d i s i n

t h e d i r e c t i o n w h e r e t h e s u n

r e s t s a t m i d d a y . I n t h e m i d d l e

o f a l a r g e e n c a m p m e n t t h e r e i s a l o d g e

p a i n t e d y e l l o w . W i t h i n t h e l o d g e t h e s u m m e r

i s k e p t i n a b a g h u n g o n a

t r i p o d . F o u r o l d m e n g u a r d i t d a y a n d n i g h t .

O n e s i t s i n t h e b a c k , d i r e c t l y

u n d e r t h e t r i p o d . A n o t h e r l i e s a c r o s s t h e e n t r a n c e

a n d t w o o t h e r s s i t o n

e a c h s i d e b y t h e f i r e p l a c e . "

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T h e c h i e f a n d h i s h e a d m e n s a t i n t h e

C o u n c i l u n t i l o n e o f t h e m s a i d , " L e t u s c a l l i n a

r e p r e s e n t a t i v e f r o m e a c h o f t h e f a s t r u n -

n i n g a n i m a l s . W e w i l l a s k t h e m t o h e l p u s

b r i n g t h i s w o n d e r f u l t h i n g t o o u r c o u n t r y " T h e

c a m p c r i e r w e n t f o r t h a n c a l l e d u p o n t h o s e

m e d i c i n e m e n w h o h a d f

r u n n i n g a n i m a l s

a n d i n v i t e d t h e m a l l t o t h e l o d g e .

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T h e y o u n g w a r r i o r s w h o k n e w t h e w a y w e r e t o g u i d e

t h e s u m m e r

h a c k t o t h e e n c a m p m e n t . A f t e r m a n y d a y s o f m a r c h i n g

t h e y a r r i v e d n e a r

c a m p w h e r e s u m m e r w a s

k e p t a n d t h e y t o o k c o u n c i l . T h e s k o k e s m a n s a i d ,

' T h e l y n x w i l l g o i n t o t h e l o d g e a n d b r i n g o u t t h e b a g c o n t a i n i n g

t h e

s u m m e r b e c a u s e n o o n e c a n

h e a r h i m w a l k . H e w i l l g i v e i t t o t h e r e d f o x

w h o w i l l b e w a i t i n g f o r h i m a l o n g t h e w a y . F r o m

t h e r e t h e a n t e l o p e w i l l

c a r r y i t t o t h e c o y o t e . T h e c o y o t e w i l l t a k e i t t o t h e w o l f w h o i s l o n g

w i n d e d a n d h e w i l l b r i n g i t t o u s b y t h e b i g r i v e r . W e w i l l b e

w a i t i n g o n

t h e o p p o s i t e b a n k f o r h i m . F r o m t h e r e w e w i l l t a k e i t t o o u r

p e o p l e . T h e

l y n x w a s s e n t t o t h e l o d g e .

T h e r e d f o x w a s t o l d t o t a k e h i s p o s i t i o n . A l l t h e a n i m a l s w e r e

s t a t i o n e d a c e r t a i n d i s t a n c e a p a r t a c c o r d i n g t o t h e a b i l i t y

o f t h e r u n n e r . I f

a n a n i m a l w a s

s h o r t - w i n d e d , i t w a s n o t r e q u i r e d t o m a k e a l o n g r u n . T h e

b a g w a s t o b e c a r r i e d a t t h e f a s t e s t s p e e d .

l b w a r d m o r n i n g b e f o r e t h e

l i g h t s h o w e d a n d e v e r y o n e i n t h e c a m p w a s a s l e e p ,

t h e l y n x s o f t l y w a l k e d

t o t h e y e l l o w l o d g e a n d l o o k e d i n .

T h e f o u r o l d m e n g u a r d i n g t h e s u m m e r

t h e

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C a u t i o u s l y , o n q u i e t f e e t t h e l y n x e n t e r e d s t e p p i n g c a r e f u l l y o v e r

t h e e n t r a n c e . W i t h a q u i c k j e r k h e s n a p p e d t h e c o r d t h a t h e l d t h e b a g .

S e i z i n g i t t i g h t l y i n h i s t e e t h h e p l u n g e d t h r o u g h t t h e d o o r a n d s p e d a w a y .

A l m o s t a t t h e s a m e i n s t a n t t h e f o u r o l d m e n a w a k e n e d a n d g a v e t h e

a l a r m . " T h e s u m m e r h a s b e e n s t o l e n " T h e c r y w e n t f r o m l o d g e t o l o d g e .

I n a s h o r t t i m e a g r o u p o f h o r s e m e n o n f a s t h o r s e s w e r e a f t e r t h e l y n x .

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V

 

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r e d f o x w h o w a s w a i t i n g o r h i m .

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T h e h o r s e m e n t h e n k i l l e d t h e

l y n x - I n d s t a r t e d a f t e r t h e f o x w h o ,

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a f t e r a t i m e , g a v e t h e b a g t o t h e

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1 2

T h e a n t e l o p e t o o k t h e b a g t o t h e c o y o t e w h o b r o u g h t i t t o t h e w o l f .

W o l f , t h e l o n g w i n d e d o n e , w a s t o d e l i v e r i t t o t h e w a i t i n g p a r t y E a c h t i m e

t h e V a g w a s ' a s s e d f r o m a w i n d e d r u n n e r t o t h e n e x t t h e a n i m a l w a s

k i l l e d b y t h e p u r s u e r s .

1 8 1

1 8 2

A s t h e w o l f c r o s s e d t h e r i v e r t h e i c e b e g a n t o

m o v e a n d b r e a k u p . B y t h e t i m e t h e h o r s e m e n r e a c h e d

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t h e r i v e r , i t w a s f l o w i n g i c e . T h i s h a l t e d t h e h o r s e m e n

f r o m t h e s o u t h . I n s i g n l a n g u a g e t h e y s a i d t o t h e

A s s i n i b o i n e , " L e t u s b a r g a i n w i t h e a c h o t h e r f o r t h e

p o s s e s s i o n o f s u m m e r . " A f t e r a t i m e i t

w a s d e c i d e d

t h a t e a c h w o u l d k e e p s u m m e r f o r s i x

m o o n s . A f t e r s i x

m o o n s i t w a s t o b e t a k e n b a c k t o t h e r i v e r a n d d e l i v -

e r e d t o t h e w a i t i n g p a r t y . T h e a r r a n g e m e n t

w a s k e p t ,

a l l o w i n g s u m m e r h a l f o f t h e

y e a r i n e a c h c o u n t r y . T h e

b a r g a i n g a v e t w o s e a s o n s , t h e w i n t e r a n d t h e

s u m m e r .

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s

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A f t e r m a n y w i n t e r a n d s u m m e r y e a r s h a d p a s s e d , t h e h e a d m e n o f

t h e A s s i n i b o i n e d e c i d e d t o h a v e t h e c r a n e s c a r r y t h e s u m m e r b a c k a n d

f o r t h . T h e c r a n e s w e r e a l w a y s t h e f i r s t m i g r a t o r y f o w l t o g o s o u t h . T h e y

m i g r a t e d i n e a s y s t a g e s , s t o p p i n g f o r l o n g p e r i o d s a t g o o d f e e d i n g

g r o u n d s . I f t h a t m e t h o d w a s u s e d f o r c a r r y i n g s u m m e r , t h e w i n t e r w o u l d

g r a d u a l l y m a k e i t s a p p e a r a n c e . T h i s n r A h o d w o u l d b e b e t t e r t h a n w h e n

t h e s u m m e r w a s t a k e n s o u t h b y t h e m e n . T h e f a l l s e a s o n , P d a Y e d u , m a d e

i t s A p p e a r a n c e g r a d u a l l y .

U

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1 8 6

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L o n g b e f o r e t h e c r a n e s r e t u r n e d n o r t h , t h e r e w e r e s i g n s a m o n g t h e

p l a n t s a n d a n i m a l s t h a t t h e s u m m e r w a s o n i t s w a y . T h a t t i m e w a s c a l l e d

t h e s p r i n g , W e d u . A l a t e f a l l o r s p r i n g w a s a s i g n t h e c r a n e s h a d f o u n d

g o o d f e e d i n g g r o u n d s a n d s t a y e d a r o u n d t h e m l o n g e r . A n e a r l y w i n t e r o r

s u m m e r w a s a s i g n t h e c r a n e s h a d

w i n g e d t h e i r w a y s o u t h o r n o r t h t o o

s o o n . W h e n t h e c r a n e s f l e w o v e r a n e n c a m p m e n t ,

t h e y a l w a y s c i r c l e d

s e v e r a l t i m e s a n d w i t h t h e i r l o u d c a l l s s e e m t o p r o c l a i m t h e i r a r r i v a l a n d

d e p a r t u r e . W i t h t h e c r a n e s h e l p t h e A s s i n i b o i n e h a d f o u r s e a s o n s : W i n t e r

W a n i y c l i n , S u m m e r

M n o G e d u , F a l l

P d a Y e d u , a n d s p r i n g

W e d u .

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i l l : / 7 7 / 7 4 / 7

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G E O R G E S H I E L D S , J R .

W i n t e r c o u n t

H O W S U M M E R S E A S O N C A M E 6 A

A I M 2 . 1 > T o u n d e r s t a n d w i n t e r e c u n t s

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a y a

T h e w i n t e r c o u n t w a s a k i n d o f c a l e n d a r u s e d m a i n l y

b y t h e S i o u x t r i b e . A s y m b o l r e p r e s e n t e d o n e y e a r a n d

h e l p e d k e e p t r a c k o f i m p o r t a n t e v e n t s i n t h e o r d e r

t h e y h a p p e n e d .

T h e f i r s t s y m b o l w a s p l a c e d i n

t h e c e n t e r o f t h e h i d e . E a c h

y e a r a n e w s y m b o l w a s a d d e d

m a k i n g a p a t h t h a t i s r e a d

c o u n t e r - c l o c k w i s e i n a

s p i r a l s h a p e .

A k e e p e r o f t h e h i d e w a s c h o s e n t o p a i n t t h e s y m b o l s .

T h i s p e r s o n w a s a b l e t o r e c a l l m a n y o t h e r e v e n t s h a v -

i n g b e e n r e m i n d e d b y t h e p i c t o g r a p h i c s y m b o l s . P i c -

t o g r a p h s a r e a w a y o f p i c t u r e w r i t i n g u s e d b y s o m e

p l a i n s t r i b e s l o n g a g o .

I f y o u w a n t e d t o k n o w w h a t y e a r y o u w e r e b o r n

i t c o u l d b e p a i n t e d a s t h e Y e a r o f t h e B i g I c e S t o r m ,

o r t h e Y e a r t h e S u n D i s a p p e a r e d . T h e y e a r i s f o u n d b y

c o u n t i n g b a c k w a r d s .

S o m e t r i b e s l i v i n g m i l e s a p a r t m i g h t h a v e a l l r e c o r d e d

a s i m i l a r s y m b o l i f a n e v e n t h a d w i d e s p r e a d i m p o r -

t a n c e s u c h a s a s e v e r e w i n t e r . M o s t l y t h e e v e n t s r e -

c o r d e d w e r e o f i m p o r t a n c e t o t h e t r i b e r e c o r d i n g i t .

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s f a m i l y g r o u p m a k e a

w i n t e r c o u n t o f t h e N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n R e a d -

i n g S e r i e s a s y o u c o m p l e t e e a c h e o f t

b o o k s . U s e o n e s y m b o l t o r e p r

m a i n i d e a o f t h e s t o r y . C o m p a r e y o u r s t o r y

w i n t e r c o u n t w i t h o t h e r g r o u p s .

M a k e a w i n t e r c o u n t o f y o u r o w n l i f e o r y o u r y o u r

f a m i l y .

K e e p a w i n t e r c o u n t b a s e d o n h e l u n a r m o n t h o r

m o o n s . A t e a c h f u l l m o o n d e e d e o n a p e c t o g r a p h

t o r e p r e s e n t t h e e v e n t s o f t h e f a m i l i e s N o r t h w i n d ,

S o u t h w i n d , E a s t w i n d o r W e s t w i n d .

H O W S U M M E R S E A S O N C A M E

6 B

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T h e m a i n r e a s o n f o r k n o w i n g a b o u t p i c t o g r a p h s i s s o w e w i l l h a v e a n o t h e r w a y o f

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D e v e l o p e d b y t h e P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n R e a d i n g a n d L a r i g u a g e D e v e l o p m e n t P r o g r a m

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T h e w o m e n a n d c h i l d r e n r o d e f o r m a n y h o u r s u n t i l t h e y f o u n d a s p o t

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i n f l u e n c e h o w w e a c t

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L o n g a g o w h e n P l a i n s p e o p l e h a d g o o d d r e a m s o r

v i s i o n s a b o u t t h e m s e l v e s t h e y p a i n t e d t h e i r d r e a m s

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f u l e n e m y .

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d r e a m a b o u t t h e m s e l v e s . M a n y a n i m a l s h e l p I n d i a n

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C o r a P G e o r g e

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C a t c h e s U p l b A n t e l o p e

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L o n g a g o I n d i a n p e o p l e b e l i e v e d

t h a t t h e y w o u l d b e g i v e n p o w e r f u l

m e d i c i n e b y t h e G r e a t S p i r i t i f t h e y

f o l l o w e d t h e i r d r e a m s o r v i s i o n s .

T h i s i s t h e s t o r y o f h o w C a t c h e s

U p l b A n t e l o p e r e c e i v e d h i s n a m e a n d

b e c a m e a f a m o u s r u n n e r .

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O n e s u m m e r m y g r a n d f a t h e r , C h a r l e y B e a r h a t a n d

h i s b r o t h e r b r o u g h t t h e f a s t e s t r u n n e r i n t h e L e m h i V a l

l e y . T h i s y o u n g b r a v e h a d h a d a d r e a m o r v i s i o n t h a t t o l d

h i m t o c h a s e a n a n t e l o p e a n d i f h e c a u g h t i t , h e w o u l d

b e a b l e t o o u t r u n a n y o n e . T h e L e m h i m e n w e r e s u r e t h a t

C a t c h e s U p l b A n t e l o p e c o u l d o u t r u n a n y o n e t h a t t h e

B a n n o c k s w o u l d h a v e e n t e r e d i n t h e r a c e . W h e n t h e y

r e a c h e d F o r t H a l l , t h e y w e r e t o l d t h a t t h e f o o t r a c e s w o u l d

s t a r t a t t h e c e d a r t r e e s d o w n b y t h e r i v e r b o t t o m s . T h i s

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I n d i a n N a m e s

C A T C H E S U P T O A N T E L O P E

T E P E E M A K I N G 8 A

A I M

T o r e c o g n i z e t h a t n a m e s c a n t e l l

s o m e t h i n g a b o u t a p e r s o n

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F o u r s t a r

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M a k e a l i s t o f t h i n g s t h a t m a k e y o u f e e l

g o o d o r t h i n g s y o u l i k e t o d o ? A f t e r y o u

h a v e l i s t e d a s m a n y t h i n g s a s p o s s i b l e , p u t

a s t a r b y t h e t h i n g s t h a t a r e e a s y o r y o u d o

w e l l .

N o w p i c k o n e t h i n g . D e c i d e w h a t k i n d o f a

n a m e y o u c o u l d g i v e y o u r s e l f w h i c h w o u l d

t e l l o t h e r s w h a t y o u d o b e s t .

M a k e a p i c t o g r a p h t o s t a n d f o r y o u r n a m e .

F i n d o u t h o w n a m e s a r e g i v e n i n y o u r t r i b e o r o n e

t r i b e i n y o u r a r e a . I f y o u h a v e a n I n d i a n n a m e

d e s c r i b e h o w i t w a s g i v e n . D i d y o u r f a m i l y g i v e

g i f t s o r c e l e b r a t e ?

2 3 1

S e e h o w m a n y p l a c e s i n y o u r c o m m u n i t y h a v e

b e e n g i v e n I n d i a n n a m e s . C a n y o u f i n d a n y o f

t h e m e a n i n g s f o r t h e n a m e s ?

2 3 2

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i s b e i n g p r e s r i t e d t o

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B e a r H a t

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a b o u t b e a r s a n d h a t s

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T h e y h a v e a t h i c k c o a t o f h a i r , r o u n d e d e a r s , s t r o n g

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N o r t h w e s t C o a s t b e a r

e a t i n g a f i s h .

G R I Z Z L Y B E A R

T h e G r i z z l y w e i g h s a b o u t o n e h a l f t o n o f s i n e w , b o n e

a n d m u s c l e . H e s w i m s w e l l a n d r u n s l i k e t h e w i n d . H e

a l s o h a s g o o d h e a r i n g a n d a g r e a t s e n s e o f s m e l l .

T h e n a m e s i l v e r t i p r e f e r s t o t h e g r i z z l e d c o a t o f f u r .

L i g h t t i p p e d h a i r s g i v e a f r o s t y s h e e n t o a d e e p f u r o f

b r o w n , y e l l o w i s h - g r a y o r b l a c k .

T h i s b e a r e a t s j u s t a b o u t a n y t h i n g : g r a s s , r o o t s , n u t s ,

b e r r i e s , f i s h , s h e e p , g o a t , e l k a n d m o r e .

2 4 9

c l a w s a n d a s t u m p f o r a t a i l .

W e i g h i n g a s m u c h a s 8 0 0 p o u n d s , b l a c k b e a r s a r e n o t

r u n n e r s a l t h o u g h t h e y c a n m o v e r a t h e r f a s t i f n e e d e d .

T h e y h a v e p o o r e y e s i g h t , o n l y f a i r h e a r i n g b u t a n e x -

c e l l e n t s e n s e v i f s m e l l . B l a c k b e a r s c a n e v e n s m e l l w h e n

t h e w e a t h r i s c h a n g i n g .

M o s t t r i b e s t h o u g h t t h e b e a r t o b e s a c r e d . S o m e

c l a i m e d t h e b e a r a s a b l o o d r e l a t i v e . H e c o u l d s t a n d

u p l i k e a m a n b u t w a s m i g h t i e r . H o n o r a n d g l o r y c a m e

t o t h e h u n t e r w h o k i l l e d a b e a r . P r a y e r s f o r t h e b e a r

o r a n y o t h e r a n i m a l w e r e o f f e r e d b e f o r e k i l l i n g t h e m .

R e m e m b e r A n y a n i m a l b e c o m e s

a n g e r e d a n d d a n g e r o u s i f y o u

p o k e , t e a s e , n e g l e c t o r o t h e r -

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9 B

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a r e s t i l l w o r n t o d a y f o r s p e c i a l o c c a s i o n s . S e e i f y o u c a n f i n d

w h i c h t r i b e s h a v e w o r n t h e o n e s b e l o w .

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W r i t e a s t o r y a b o u t h a t s o r h e a d d r e s s e s .

W r i t e a s t o r y a b o u t o n e o f t h e s e

p e o p l e h a t s .

h o w i t w a s m a d e o r

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t r - 6 7 1 1 0 4

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" : 7 1 1 1 T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

A I L - 1 0 S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

T h e B e a r U p e e

L e v e l I V B o o k 9

B y m e m b e r s o f t h e N o r t h e r n C h e y e n n e T r i b e

L e r o y P i n e , C o o r d i n a t o r

J u l i a P i n e , C o n s u l t a n t

I b m G a r d n e r , S r .

T i m L a m e W o m a n

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L u c i l l e W h i t e C r o w

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A l o n g , l o n g t i m e a g o , t h e N o r t h e r n

C h e y e n n e w e r e c a m p e d n e a r t h e B e a r

' t e p e e . I n d i a n M a i d e n a n d L i t t l e S i s t e r

s u d d e n l y d e c i d e d t o g o o f f t o p l a y b y

t h e m s e l v e s .

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I n d i a n M a i d e n w h i s p e r e d t o

i t t l e S i s -

t e r , " L e t ' s g o p l a y n e a r t h o s e t h i c k b u s h e s .

E v e r y o n e i s b u s y a n d w e w o n ' t b e m i s s e d . B e -

s i d e s , o u r s e v e n b r o t h e r s a r e o n s c o u t i n g a n d

h u n t i n g t r i p s f a r f r o m t h e c a m p " I n d i a n

M a i d e n s u d d e n l y h a d a n u r g e t o g o i n t o t h e

t h i c k b u s h e s . S h e t h o u g h t , " T h o s e b e r r i e s l o o k

s o t e m p t i n g . I ' l l g o

a n d p i c k s o m e t o e a t . " T h e

I n d i a n M a i d e n r e m e m b e r e d h e r m o t h e r ' s

w a r n i n g , " D o n ' t g o n e a r t h e t h i c k b u s h e s

a l o n e b e c a u s e i t i s d a n g e r o u s . T h a t i s o n e o f

B e a r ' s f a v o r i t e h i d e o u t s . B e a r i s k n o w n t o c a p -

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4

I n d i a n M a i d e n i g n o r e d h e r

m o t h e r ' s w a r n i n g . S h e t o l d L i t t l e

S i s t e r , " W a i t f o r m e a t a s a f e d i s -

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t a n c e f r o m t h e t h i c k b u s h e s w h i l e I

g o p i c k s o m e b e r r i e s . "

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W h e n t h e s i s t e r s r e a c h e d h o m e , m o t h e r

s a w t h e f r i g h t e n e d

l o o k o f L i t t l e S i s t e r a n d

a s k e d . " W h y d o y o u l o o k s i c k ? I s t h e r e s o m e -

t h i n g w r o n g ? C o m e h e r e . L e t m e l o o k a t y o u . "

r l b o a f r a i d t o s a y a n y t h i n g . L i t t l e S i s t e r m o v e d

c l o s . ' r t o h e r m o t h e r . M o t h e r f o u n d t h e b i g

w o u n d o n h e r s h o u l d e r a n d c r i e d , " H o w d i d

y o u g e t m a u l e d ? H o w

d i d y o u g e t , a w a y ' ? " L i t t l e

S i s t e r g a v e a q u i c k g l a n c e a t h e r s i s t e r a n d r e -

p l i e d . " I w a s w a l k i n g n e a r s o m e b u s h e s w h e n a

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A s M o t h e r b e g a n t o c l e a n t h e w o u n d , I n -

d i a n M a i d e n l e f t t h e t e p e e , s m i l i n g t o h e r s e l f .

A l l a t o n c e , L i t t l e t . . , i n t e r b e g a n t o w e e p , " T h a t ' s

n o t % . h a t h a p p e n e d . I n d i a n M a i d e n w a s

l u r e d

i n t o t h e t h i c k b u s h e s b y a n e v i l b e a r . H e

t u r n e d I n d i a n M a i d e n i n t o a b e a r f b r h i s c o m -

p a n i o n . W h e n I f o l l o w e d h e r , s h e c a u g h t m e

: t r i o m a u l e d m e w i t h h e r g r e a t h a n d . S h e s a i d

n o t t o t e l l a b o u t t h i s o r

s h e w o u l d e a t u s a l l . "

m o t h e r t r i e d t o c o m f o r t L i t t l e S i s t e r s a y -

- i ) o n o t b e a f r a i d o f t h e e v i l b e a r o r y o u r

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r s ,

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A s m o t h e r a n d L i t t l e S i s t e r w a i t e d f o r

t h e b r o t h e r s t o r e t u r n , t h e c a l l f r o m t h : c a m p

c r i e r c a m e , I t i s t i m e t o m o v e y o u r t e p e e s .

H u r r y , o r y o u w i l l b e l e f t b e h i n d . " T h e b r o t h e r s

d i d n o t r e t u r n a n d t h e c a m p m o v e d o n , l e a v i n g

m o t h e r a n d L i t t l e S i s t e r a l o n e .

T h e y w a t c h e d t h e l o n g l i n e o f t h e c a m p

m o v e u n t i l i t w a s o u t o f s i g h t . T h e e v i l b e a r

a n d I n d i a n M a i d e n c a m e o u t o f t h e t h i c k

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F o r m a n y d a y s M o t h e r a n d L i t t l e S i s t e r

w e r e w a t c h e d c a r e f u l l y b y B e a r W o m a n . T h e y

w e r e n o t e v o m a l l o w e d t o l e a v e t h e t e p e e . A f t e r

a w h i l e B e a r W o m a n g r e w l a z y a n d s a i d t o

L i t t l e S i s t e r , " l b d a y y o u g o a f t e r t h e w a t e r a n d

b r i n g m e s o m e g o o d f o o d t o e a t . " L i t t l e S i s t e r

d i d t h i s . T h e n e x t d a y B e a r W o m a n l a u g h e d -

a n d s a i d , " I a m h u n g r y f o r s o u p , L i t t l e S i s t e r .

G o a n d p i c k m e a b a s k e t f u l o f w i l d t u r n i p s a n d

c a t c h m e a f a t r a b b i t . I f y o u d o n o t b r i n g m e

t i , s e t h i n g s f o r m y n e x t m e a l , I w i l l e a t y o u

b o t h . " L i t t l e S i s t e r . l e f t q u i c k l y b e c a u s e s h e

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S e v e r a l t i m e s s h e t r i e d b u t f a i l e d . B e a r

W o m a n g a v e u p a n d s a i d t o t h e m , " Y o u h a v e

w o n . F r o m t h i s d a y o n , t h e m e d i c i n e m e n s h a l l

c a l l t h i s t o w e r t h e B e a r T h p e e . "

T h e B e a r l b p e e i s b e s t k n o w t o d a y a s

D e v i l ' s T h w e r a n d i s i n W y o m i n g . E v e n t o d a y

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T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

P e t C r o w

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P e t C r o w

T o l d b y E u n i c e B . A l f r e y

I l l u s t r a t e d b y L a V e r n A l f r e y

M a n y y e a r s a g o , t h e r e l i v e d

a g r e a t c h i e f . O n e d a y

w h e n t h e c h i e f

w a s h u n t i n g , h e f o u n d a c r o w . T h e c r o w

w a s h u r t w i t h a b r o k e n w i n g . T h e c h i e f t o o k t h e c r o w

h o m e a n d c a r e d f o r i t .

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w * ^

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t a u g h t t o s p e a k . S o o n t h e c r o w c o u l d t a l k a n d u n d e r s t a n d

t h e l a n g o u a g e o f t h e t r i b e . T h e c r o w u n d e r s t o o d e v e r y t h i n g

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T a l k i n g H a n d s

P E T C R O W 1 I A

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O w l B o y

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S m o k e S i g n a l s

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b e e n u s e d

o e s s a g e t h r o e

L o n g a g o I n d i a n s u s e d o t h e r w a y s o f s e n d i n g m e s -

s a g e s . M e s s a g e s w e r e s e n t

l o n g d i s t a n c e s b y s e n d i n g

p u f f s o f s m o k e i n t o t h e a i r . T h i s w a s d o n e b y b l a n k e t -

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i n g t h e s m o k e a n d l e t t i n g t h e s m o k e g o .

T h e o n l y w a y t h e s e s m o k e s i g n a l s c o u l d b e

u n d e r s t o o d

w a s t o k n o w t h e c o d e .

T h e c o d e w o u l d b e a s e t o f s i g -

n a l s t h a t a t l e a s t t w o p e o p l e k n e w .

I n t h i s s e n s e i t w a s i m p o s s i b l e f o r a n e n e m y t o

r e a d

t h i s s e c r e t c o d e . T h e o n l y s t a n d a r d s i g n a l w a s

t h r e e

p u f f s o f s m o k e a s a s i g n a l c a l l f o r h e l p .

H u n t e r s s i g -

n a l e d h e l p t o e a c h o t h e r w i t h t h r e e s h o t s o r

t h r e e

f i r e s . T h i s s i g n a l i s n o w i n t e r n a t i o n a l l y r e c o g n i z e d

a s a c a l l f o r h e l p .

U s e t h e p i c t u r e t o t h e r i g h t t o p u t u p a

b u l l e t i n b o a r d . A d d t o t h e f i r e b y r e a d i n g

m o r e b o o k s .

M a k e a n o t h e r b u l l e t i n b o a r d o n d i f f e r e n t f o r m s

o f c o m m u n i c a t i o n l i k e s m o k e s i g n a l s , h a n d s i g -

n a l s , p i c t o g r a p h s , b r a i l l e , e t c .

C I O

3 0 4

3 0

O W L B O Y 1 2 B

S e n d a c o d e d

m e s s a g e b y n u m b e r i n g

t h e a l p h a b e t .

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A B C D E F G

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

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M o o s e h i d e R o b e W o m a n

M i d b y G e o r g e W h i t e B i r d

I l l u s t r a t e d b y L a V e r n A i f r e y

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r . t

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v l

*

1 . " F

; r .

N K e

, . . , i 1 0 ,

4 , 1 1 1

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. .

1 4 1 1 . ' i l l

& ? i s o e " - " - " s - - .

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W r i t i n g S c r i p t

M O O S E H I D E R O B E W O M A N

C O Y O T E A N D H I S R I G

B R O T H E R W O L F

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

A I M 2 4 >

T o w r i t e d i a l o g u e a n d

a s c r i p t

D I A L O G U E

D i a l o g u e c o n s i s t s o f t h e

e x a c t w o r d s t h a t p e o p l e

s a y

w h e n t h e y

a r e t a l k i n g . W h e n y o u w r i t e w h a t p e o p l e

s a y , y o u p u t t h e t a l k w o r d s i n q u o t a t i o n m a r k s .

A s c r i p t w r i t e r m u s t b e a b l e

t o :

p u n c t u a t e c o r r e c t l y

v i s u a l i z e ( h a v e a c l e a r p i c t u r e i n h i s

/ h e r m i n d )

h a v e a d i f f e r e n t

s e n s e o f t i m e a n d s p a c e

b e a b l e t o v i s u a l i z e t h e a c t i o n

i n a s t o r y a n d w r i t e

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I V

F i n d t h e d i a l o g u e i n

a s t o r y . R e a d t h r o u g h

t h e s t o r y a n d p u t

a b i g m o u t h a r o u n d t h e

w o r d s t h a t

c o m e o u t o f a c h a r a c t e r ' s m o u t h .

A s t h e c o w b o y r o d e o f f ,

h e t o l d c o y o t e ,

N o w p u t a s m i l e

o n e a c h m o u t h y o u m a d e b y

p u t t i n g q u o t a t i o n m a r k s

a t t h e c o r n e r s o f e a c h

m o u t h .

A S C R I P T

I t

A s c r i p t i s w r i t t e n f o r

p u p p e t p l a y s , s t a g e p l a y s ,

s c r e e n p l a y s o r

a b r o a d c a s t . I t i s t h e s p o k e n w o r d s o f

t h e p l a y e r s i n w r i t t e n f o r m .

A p e r s o n w h o w r i t e s f o r

t h e s e t h i n g s i s

a s c r i p t w r i t e r .

- ; ; o 4 4 4 , 4 1 . , - 4 4 4 4 , 4 4

i t i n p l a y f o r m

T h e j o b o f a s c r i p t w r i t e r i s

t o m a k e a c t i o n s a n d d i a -

l o g u e b e l i e v a b l e .

W r i t e a s c r i p t u s i n g s t o r y d i a l o g - a t .

S t a r t

a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f y o u r s t o r y a n d m a k e

a

l i s t o f a l l t h e s e n t e n c e s t h a t

a r e d i a l o g u e .

I n f r o n t o f e a c h s e n t e n c e ,

p u t t h e c h a r a c -

t e r ' s n a m e t h a t i s d o i n g t h e t a l k i n g .

B e a d y o u r l i s t i n t o

a t a p e r e c o r d e r a n d t h e n l i s t e n

t o i t . I s t h e s t o r y u n d e r s t o o d

o r a r e p a r t s o f t h

s t o r y n o t c l e a r ?

W r i t i n g s c r i p t i s n o t l i k e w r i t i n g

a s t o r y . I t i s l i k e

a c t i n g i t o u t . T o i m p r o v e

y o u r d i a l o g u e t r y :

w a t c h i n g T V t o s e e w h a t p e o p l e

s a y a n d h o w t h e y

s a y i t

a d d i n g a c t i o n s f o r e a c h c h a r a c t e r

t o d o w h i l e

t a l k i n g

c h a n g i n g t h e d i a l o g u e t o i n c l u d e

m o r e a c t i o n

w o r d s

r o l e p l a y i n g t h e s t o r y

1 4 4

- - 1 4 4 7 4 i T A 4

4 " " . 4

r i

r y

M O O S E H I D E R O B E W O M A N

C O Y O T E A N D H I S 1 3 1 0 B R O T H E R W O L F

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

1 3 1 3

R O L E P L A Y I N G

R o l e p l a y i n g i s a c t i n g o u t

a s t o r y w i t h o u t u s i n g w o r d s .

Y o u d o n o t h a v e t o h a v e

a s c r i p t . Y o u d o n o t h a v e t o

h a v e a w h o l e s t o r y .

a f i s h i n a p o l l u t e d s t r e a m

d i f f e r e n t c l o u d s

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I n a p l a y t h i n g s h a p p e n i n

a c e r t a i n o r d e r . T h e s t o r y

w i l l p r o b a b l y h a v e

a b e g i n n i n g . a m i d d l e a n d a n e n d .

I n a r o l e p l a y h o w e v e r , t h e r e

m a y b e o n l y a s i t u a t i o n

a n d o n e c h a r a c t e r .

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s

g r o u p c h o o s e o n e r o l e

p l a y o r s i t u a t i o n y o u w a n t t o s h o w t h e

c o u n c i l l o d g e . P i c k a s c e n e f r o m

o n e o f t h e

s t o r i e s y o u h a v e r e a d . A c t i t

o u t w i t h o u t

w o r d s . S e e i f t h e o t h e r

g r o u p s c a n g u e s s

w h a t s t o r y i s b e i n g r o l e p l a y e d .

C H A R A C T E R I Z A T I O N

C h a r a c t e r s n e e d t o h a v e t h e i r

o w n p e r s o n a l i t y ( c h e e r .

f i l l , d u m b , s m a r t , b i o n i c , t r i c k y , s l y , g r o u c h y , a l e r t ,

t i r e d , e t c . ) . C h a r a c t e r s

c a n g o t h r o u g h a n u m b e r o f

e v e n t s b u t t h e i r p e r s o n a l i t y s h o u l d r e m a i n a b o u t t h e

s a m e . W h a t a c h a r a c t e r s a y s o r d o e s , t e l l s y o u a l o t

a b o u t t h e p e r s o n a l i t y o f t h i s c h a r a c t e r . C o p y i n g t h a t

p e r s o n o r t h i n g i s c a l l e d c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n .

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s

g r o u p s , t a k e t u r n s

a c t i n g o u t s o m e d i f f e r e n t c h a r a c t e r s .

a c h a i n s m o k e r

a b u s i n e s s m a n

1 9

- , -

0 1 1 1 1 1 1

t r e e s a s t h e s e a s o n s c h a n g e

a s h y p e r s o n o n a c r o w d e d s t r e e t

a n i n v i s i b l e m a n

y o u r t e a c h e r

D o n ' t t a k e t o o m u c h t i m e o n y o u r f i r s t t r y . T r y a g a i n

a n d i t w i l l b e b e t t e r .

A f t e r e a c h g r o u p f i n i s h e s , t a l k a b o u t w h a t

w a s l i k e d a b o u t t h e p e r f o r m a n c e . T h i s w i l l

h e l p a l l t h e a c t o r s k n o w w h a t e x p r e s s i o n s

o r a c t i o n s w e r e b e s t f o r t h a t s i t u a t i o n o r

s t o r y .

P u t i t a l l t o g e t h e r ( d i a l o g u e , s c r i p t , r o l e p l a y a n d

c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n ) . W r i t e a r o l e p l a y s i t u a t i o n

o r a

s t o r y s c r i p t , G i v e i t t o a n o t h e r f a m i l y t o r o l e p l a y .

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m

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T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

P k , / S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

O w l ' s E y e s

S e e k i n g a S p i r i t

L e v e l I V B o o k 1 1

D e v e l o p e d b y t h e K o o t e n a i C u l t u r a l C o r i t t e e o f t h e

C o n f e d e r a t e d S a l i s h a n d K o o t e n a i T r i b e s

C l e o K e n m i l l e , C o o r d i n a t o r

G l e n J a m e s

M a d e l i n e C o u t u r e

S a r a h B u f t o n

S o p h i e M a t t

S a r a h E n e a s

P a t r i c i a H e w a n k o r n

J o s e p h A n t i s t e , C o n s u l t a n t

A g n e s K e n m i l l e , C o n s u l t a n t

D e b b i e J o s e p h , I l l u s t r a t o r

H o w a r d K a l l o w a t , J r . , I l l u s t r a t o r

I l l u s t r a t e d b y V e r n a J a m e s

«

* " .

D R

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.

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( 1

O w l ' s E y e s

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s a "

. = 5

r

3

T h i s i s a s t o r y o f h o w O w l g o t h i s b i g

e y e s .

L o n g l o n g a g o , O w l h a d s m a l l

e y e s . O w l w o u l d s p e n d m o s t o f h i s

t i m e s i t t i n g h i g h i n t h e t r e e s .

3

3 3 6

T i e p a i d = l u m b e r e d m o t

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O w l h a d a f r i e n d w h o s e n a m e w a s M o u s e . O w l a n d M o u s e

a l w a y s p l a y e d t o g e t h e r .

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O n e n i g h t O w l w a s s i t t i n g

h i g h i n h i s t r e e . M o u s e c a l l e d t o

O w l , " O w l , p l e a s e c o m e d o w n a n d

p l a y w i t h m e . " O w l n e v e r h e a r d

h i s t i n y f r i e n d b e c a u s e h e w a s

s o u n d a s l e e p .

3 3 0

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N e a r b y , M r . S n a k e w a s q u i e t l y c r a w l i n g t h r o u g h t h e

g r a s s . H e

h e a r d M o u s e c r y i n g . ' O h O w l , w o n ' t y o u c o m e d o w n a n d p l a y w i t h

m e ? " M o u s e c r i e d .

Q u i c k l y , M r . S n a k e s l i t h e r e d o v e r t o M o u s e . W h e n M o u s e

t u r n e d a r o u n d a n d s a w M t S n a k e , h e s c r e a m e d

A

\ . A

A l E ' l

l l ' s

z O f

0

t f t

1 4 1 4 , , - . : 2 . 8 .

% ( . , - .

- - . 1 . 1 . 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 v . . . . _

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M o u s e s c r e a m e d s o l o u d h e w o k e

u p O w l . W h e n O w l l o o k e d d o w n f o r h i s

l i t t l e f r i e n d , i t w a s t o o l a t e . H e s a w M r .

S n a k e g o b b l e M o u s e u p

3 3 6

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T h e r e w a s n ' t a t h i n g O w l c o u l d d o . H i s t i n y f r i e n d

w a s g o n e .

O w l w a s s o s u r p r i s e d h e o p e n e d h i s

e y e s w i d e r a n d w i d e r . T h i s i s

h o w O w l g o t h i s b i g

e y e s .

3 3 7

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T o l e a r n a b o u t p e t r o g l y p h s a n d t o

l e a r n t o m a k e

a r u b b i n g

P E T R O G L Y P I I S

I n d i a n s t h r o u g h o u t N o r t h A m e r i c a h a v e l e f t r e c o r d s

o f t h e i r p a s t w i t h r o c k p a i n t i n g s a n d c a r v i n g s .

S o m e o f t h e s e f i g u r e s a n d s y m b o l s m i g h t h a v e r e l i g -

i o u s m e a n i n g s . M a n y o f t h e s y m b o l s r e p r e s e n t s p i r i t s

k n o w n t o v a r i o u s t r i b e s .

A R U B B I N G

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I n t h e

N o r t h w e s t t h e s e r o c k c a r v i n g s ,

o r p e t - o g l y p h s , a r e

f o u n d i n c e r t a i n

a r e a s . f r o m B r i t i s h C o l u m b i a t o S o u t h -

e a s t e r n O r e g o n . T h e y a r e p a r t i c u l a r l y f o u n d a l o n g t h e

C o l u m b i a R i v e r n e a r T h e D a n e s , O r e g o n .

P h o t o C o u r t e s y o f O r e g o n H r s i t o r r c e i S o c i e t y

I t i s n o t k n o w n f o r c e r t a i n w h e n

o r w h y t h e a r t i s t

c a r v e d t h e s e a n c i e n t s y m b o l s . A r t i s t s o f l o n g

a g o d e -

v o t e d t i m e a n d p a t i e n c e t o

c a r v e o u t r o c k . S t o n e t o o l s

w e r e u s e d t o c r e a t e e l a b o r a t e f i g u r e s .

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

a t e x t u r e d s u r f a c e s u c h a s :

p e t r o g l y p h s

m a n - h o l e L o v e r s

b a s k e t s

m a t s

k i t c h e n u t e n s i l s

t i r e t r e a d s

h e a d w o r k

b r i c k s

c h a r c o a l o r u n p a p e r e d c r a y o n a t l e a s t 2 1 2 i n c h e s

l o n g

p a p e r o f a n y t h e o r s h a p e ( I f t h e t e x t u r e s u r f a c e

i s n o t v e r y r o u g h , a t h i c k p a p e r w i l l n o t p i c k

u p

a n i m p r e s s i o n c l e a r l y . I f t h e t e x t u r e s u r f a c e i s

r o u g h , a t h i n p a p e r m i g h t t e a r t o o e a s i l y . )

L a y y o u r p a p e r o v e r t h e s u r f a c e o f w h i c h

y o u w i s h t o g e t a n i m p r e s s i o n . Y o u m a y

w a n t t o t r y s e v e r a l s u r f a c e s a n d t h e n d o a

f i n a l r u b b i n g o f y o u r f a v o r i t e ,

L a y y o u r c h a r c o a l o r c r a y o n

o n i t s l o n g s i d e a n d

b e g i n r u b b i n g i t o n t h e p a p e r . I f t h e i m p r e s s i o n

i s u n c l e a r , t r y r u b b i n g h a r d e r i n l o n g s w e e p i n g

m o t i o n s o r i n c i r c l e s .

3 3 9 3 4 0

O W L ' S E Y E S

N A - S E E - N A T C H E Z 1 6 B

R O C K A R T O N T H E P L A Y G R O U N D

L o o k f o r a r e a s o n y o u r s c h o o l p l a y g r o u n d

d i t i ) . ,

w h e r e t h e r e i s l i t t l e o r n o a c t i v i t y . U s i n g

w

w h a t e v e r r o c k s a r e a v a i l a b l e , t r y t o m a k e

s h a p e s o f a n i m a l s b y p l a c i n g r o c k s i n t o a

l a r g e r s h a p e o r d e s i g n . I f o n l y g r a v e l i s

a v a i l a b l e , t r y m a k i n g m o u n d s o r s h a p e s .

T a k e t u r n s s p i n n i n g t h e w h e e l . M a k e t h e

e x p r e s s i o n o n w h i c h t h e s p i n n e r l a n d s .

C o n c e n t r a t e o n t h e f e e l i n g .

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O W L ' S E Y E S

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e x -

p r e s s i v e c a n y o u b e ?

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1 1 m M M I I .

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s t o r y a b o u t t h e m .

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a f r i e n d d e c o d e i t .

S p e l l c o r r e c t l y p e t r o g l y p h o r p i c t o g r a p h .

T e l l a n y k i n d o f a s t o r y a b o u t a r o c k o r e y e s .

3 4 1

3 4 2

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S e e k i n g A S p i r i t

4 i ; - " 1 " 7 .

C - - " c

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. C 5 0 1 1 4 r . e t

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O n e d a y L a s s a w l e f t h o m e a n d w e n t t o t h e t o p o f

a m o u n t a i n .

L a s s a w w a n t e d t o s e e k

a s p i r i t . W h i l e L a s s a w s t a y e d o n t h e m o u n -

t a i n , h e c o u l d n o t h a v e

a n y f o o d o r w a t e r .

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A f t e r t w o d a y s a n d n i g h t s L a s s a w c u t o f f t h e t i p o f h i s f i n g e r . H e

t o r e h i s s h i r t a n d u s e d i t t o m a k e a b a n d a g e .

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m u c h . L a s s a w s a i d , " H e l p m e . G i v e m e s o m e t h i n g s o I c a n b e c o m e a

g r e a t m e d i c i n e m a n . "

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L a s s a w ' s f i n g e r w a s b l e e d i n g . H i s b a n d a g e w a s s o a k e d . B e c a u s e

h i s f i n g e r h u r t v e r y m u c h , h e p r e s s e d h i s h a n d t o h i s s i d e .

S u d d e n l y , L a s s a w s a w a b u f f a l o T h e b u f f a l o w a s d r i n k i n g

w a t e r . L a s s a w k n e w t h e r e w a s n o w a t e r n e a r b y . T h e b u f f a l o c o n t i n u e d

t o d r i n k a n d w h e n i t w a s f i n i s h e d , i t l o o k e d a t L a s s a w .

T h e b u f f a l o s p o k e t o L a s s a w i n t h e K o o t e n a i l a n g u a g e . I t t o l d

L a s s a w , " I k n o w y o u a r e h u r t . I c a m e t o h e l p y o u . W h a t e v e r y o u a s k

f o r , I w i l l g i v e y o u . "

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T h e b u f f a l o d i s a p p e a r e d . L a s s a w h a d s e e n t h e s p i r i t o f t h e

b u f f a l o . H e k n e w t h e b u f f a l o ' s s p i r i t w o u l d a l w a y s h e l p h i m .

L a s s a w b e c a m e a g r e a t b u f f a l o h u n t e r . H e l i v e d a l o n g a n d a

h a p p y l i f e .

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S e e k i n g A S p i r i t

S E E K I N G A S P I R I T 1 7 A

A I M 1 1 . 1 > T o u n d e r s t a n d

t h e r e a s o n s w h y

s o m e t r i b e s e n c o u r a g e d t h e

v i s i o n q u e s t

M a n y I n d i a n p e o p l e h o l d a d e e p r e s p e c t f o r M o t h e r

E a r t h a n d f o r t h e b e a u t y o f n a t u r e . I n d i a n p e o p l e

k n o w t h a t w i t h o u t t h e i r f e l l o w c r e a t u r e s t h e r e i s

n o

l i f e . T h e y a l s o b e l i e v e t h e c r e a t u r e s o f t h e w o r l d

a r e

O f t e n t h e s p i r i t o f a c r e a t u r e s e r v e s a s a m e s s e n g e r i n

a m a n ' s v i s i o n . I f a m a n ' s m i n d i s c l e a r h e m a y b e a b l e

t o h e a r o r s e e w h a t h e a s k s f o r . T h e s p i r i t s o m e t i m e s

h e l p s a m a n t h r o u g h h i s w h o l e l i f e . T h e c r e a t u r e ' s s p i r i t

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m o r e c l o s e t o t h e C r e a t o r t h a n m a n .

M a n y t r i b e s h a v e c e r t a i n p a t h s

a m a n m u s t f o l l o w

w h e n s e e k i n g a v i s i o n . O f t e n

a m a n a s k s t h e C r e a t o r

t o s h o w h i m h o w t o b e a b e t t e r p e r s o n o r h o w t o h e l p

h i s p e o p l e . I t i s b e l i e v e d b e f o r e a p e r s o n

c a n r e c e i v e

s u c h a v i s i o n , h e m u s t b e f r e e o f a l l b a d t h o u g h t s

a n d d e s i r e s .

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,

w i t h o u t f o o d a n d w a t e r ) a m a n i s a b l e t o c l e a r h i s

t h o u g h t s . B y g o i n g i n t h e s w e a t l o d g e

a m a n c l e a n s e s

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i s s o m e t i m e s c a l l e d u p o n f o r a s s i s t a n c e .

G e n e r a l l y w o m e n d i d n o t s e e k a s p i r i t b u t i n s o m e

t r i b e s t h e y w e r e a l l o w e d t o d o s o . T h e m a n n e r i n

w h i c h a w o m a n o r a m a n s o u g h t a v i s i o n , v a r i e d f r o m

t r i b e t o t r i b e . M a n y s t i l l s e e k v i s i o n s t o d a y .

3 5 6

3 5 7

T h e s e S y m b o l s a n d C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s

r e p r e s e n t d i f f e r e n t t r i b e s ' v i e w s

o f a p a r t i c u l a r a n i m a l .

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s

g r o u p t a k e a l o o k a t

s o m e o f t h e c h a r a c t e r -

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3 5 8

i s t i c s o f t h e s e a n i m a l s .

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f o r y o u r f a m i l y .

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p o e m a s k i n g t h i s c r e a -

t u r e t o b e y o u r s p i r i t

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s y m b o l o f y o u r s p i r i t

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S .

s .

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T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

7 1 S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

C h i e f M o u n t a i n ' s M e d i c i n e

L e v e l I V B o o k

1 2

B y m e m b e r s o f t h e G r o s V e n t r e E l d e r s B o a r d

f r o m t h e F o r t B e l k n a p R e s e r v a t i o n

R a y m o n d T . G o n e , S r .

T h e r e s a L c m e B u l l

V e r n i e P e r r y

M a e S t i f f a r m

G e o r g e B i r d t a i l

G e o r g e S h i e l d s , J r . , i l l u s t r a t o r

N a r r a t e d b y R a y m o n d T . G o n e , S r

I l l u s t r a t e d b y G e o r g e S h i e l d s , J r .

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E d u c a t i o n D e p a r t m e n t

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D e d i c a t e d t o R a y m o n d T . G o n e , S r .

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L o n g a g o w h e n H e - F l y s - A l o n e ' s g r a n d f a t h e r

w a s a l i v e , t h e

G r o s V e n t r e w e r e l i v i n g i n C a n a d a . O n e d a y s e v e n

m e n , d e c i d e d t o g o

o n a w a r t r a i l i n s e a r c h o f e n e m i e s . T h e y l e f t t h e c a m p o n f o o t a n d

a f t e r a t i m e c a m e t o t h e S w e e t G r a s s H i l l s . H e r e , t h e y

s a w m u c h d u s t

t h e a i r a n d s o o n s a w b i g h e r d s o f b u f f a l o c o m i n g t o t h e h i l l s . S o o n a l l

t h e b u f f a l o d i s a p p a r e d i n t o a h o l e i n t h e s i d e o f

o n e o f t h e h i l l s .

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T h e m e n w e n t t o i n v e s t i g a t e a n d f o u n d t h e h o l e t h a t t h e b u f f a l o

h a d g o n e i n t o . O n e m a n s a i d , " F r i e n d s , w e h a v e b e e n g o n e a l o n g t i m e

a n d o u r p e o p l e w i l l t h i n k w e h a v e b e e n k i l l e d . L e t u s l o o k i n t o t h i s

p l a c e w h e r e t h e b u f f a l o w e n t . " A l l t h e m e n a g r e e d . T h e y t o o k o f t h e i r

c l o t h i n g a n d t i e d t h e m s e l v e s t o g e t h e r w i t h r a w h i d e r o p e . T h e y l e f t

t h e i r g u n s w i t h t h e i r c l o t h e s b u t t o o k t h e r a m r o d s t o f e e l t h e i r w a y i n

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T h e m e n e n t e r e d t h e

c a v e w a l k i n g a s f a s t a s t h e y c o u l d , f e e l i n g

t h e i r w a y w i t h t h e i r r a m r o d s . S o m e o f t h e m

s t u m b l e d o v e r p i l e s o f

b u f f a l o c h i p s t h a t c o v e r e d t h e g r o u n d . A f t e r

t r a v e l i n g a l o n g

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c a v e , t h e y s a w d a y l i g h t a n d s t o p p e d . N o t k n o w i n g w h a t

t o d o , a n d a f t e r a s h o r t t a l k , t h e y d e c i d e d t o

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T h e r e w e r e

m a n y b u f f a l o t r a i l s l e a d i n g i n d i f f e r e n t d i r e c t i o n s .

T h e m e n s a w a r i v e r , t r e e s a n d

a l o n e l o d g e . I n a n o t h e r d i r e c t i o n , t h e y

s a w a b i g c a m p o f m a n y l o d g e s . T h i s w a s b e a u t i f u l c o u n t r y O n e o f t h e

m e n w a n t e d t o v i s i t t h e l o n e l o d g e , b u t t h e r e s t w e r e u n w i l l i n g b e -

c a u s e t h e y d i d n o t h a v e t h e i r g u n s w i t h t h e m . T h e y t u r n e d b a c k a n d

w e n t i n t o t h e c a v e a n d r a n a l l t h e

w a y b a c k t o t h e e n t r a n c e . W h e n

t h e y g o t o u t i n t o t h e s u n l i g h t , t h e y n o t i c e d t h a t t h e

s u n w a s a b o u t

h a l f w a y b e t w e e n r i s i n g a n d

n o o n . T h e s u n w a s i n t h e s a m e p l a c e

a s w h e n t h e y h a d f i r s t e n t e r e d t h e c a v e T h e y c o n t i n u e d o n t h e i r

w a r t r a i l .

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T h a t n i g h t o n e o f t h e m e n , w h o s e

n a m e w a s C h i e f M o u n t a i n ,

h a d a d r e a m . H e d r e a m e d t h e

o w n e r o f t h e l o n e l o d g e c a m e t o h i m a n d

s a i d , " I a m s o r r y t h a t

y o u d i d n o t c o m e t o v i s i t m e . I w i l l p i t y y o u a n d

g i v e y o u p o w e r a n d y o u w i l l b e g r e a t . I f

y o u a r e k i l l e d a n d w a n t t o

r e t u r n t o l i f e , h a v e y o u r f r i e n d s p a i n t y o u r b o d y y e l l o w w i t h b l a c k

d o t s f r o m t h e w a i s t u p . T h e y m u s t a l s o p o i n t

y o u r h e a d t o t h e w e s t a n d

c o v e r y o u w i t h a b u f f a l o r o b e . T h i s r o b e s h o u l d b e o n e t h a t h a s t h e

h e a d a t t a c h e d . T h e y s h o u l d p l a c e

a b l a c k p i p e o n y o u r c h e s t w i t h t h e

s t e m p o i n t i n g i n t h e s a m e d i r e c t i o n a s y o u r h e a d . T h e n y o u r f r i e n d s

m u s t s i n g a c e r t a i n s o n g f o u r t i m e s . A f t e r e a c h s o n g t h e y w i l l s a y ,

C h i e f M o u n t a i n , i t i s t i m e f o r y o u t o g e t

u p a n d s m o k e . ' E v e n i f y o u

a r e b a d l y c u t u p , t h i s w i l l b r i n g y o u t o l i f e . "

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1 2

A l l t h e G r o s V e n t r e k n e w a b o u t t h i s d r e a m .

L o n g a f t e r t h i s d r e a m C h i e f M o u n t a i n w a s i n

a f i g h t a n d w a s

k i l l e d . H i s b o d y h a d b e e n r i d d l e d w i t h b u l l e t s a n d a r r o w s b e c a u s e h i s

f r i e n d s h a d u s e d h i m a s a s h i e l d t o h i d e b e h i n d . T w o o f h i s s o n s w e r e

p r e s e n t a t t h i s f i g h t . A f t e r t h e f i g h t w a s o v e r , t h e y d e c i d e d t o t r y o u t

h i s p o w e r .

3 3 0

3 3 1

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A

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3 8 4

W h e n H e - F l y s - A l o n e w a s a g o y , C h i e f M o u n t a i n t o o k h i m

o n a

w a l k a l o n g a r i v e r . H e - F l y s - A l o n e l e d t h e

w a y . O n t h e t r a i l w a s a d r y ,

b a r e , c o t t o n w o o d l o g a n d w h e n C h i e f M o u n t a i n s t e p p e d

o v e r t h i s l o g ,

h e d i e d . l b s t e p o v e r s u c h a l o g

w a s t h e o n l y t h i n g t h a t h e w a s n o t

s u p p o s e d t o d o . H e - F l y s - A l o n e d i d n o t k n o w a b o u t t h i s .

3 8 5

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T w o o f C h i e f M o u n t a i n ' s s o n s w a n t e d t o t r y h i s m e d i c i n e a g a i n ,

b u t t h e t h i r d s o n d i d n o t . H e t h o u g h t t h i s b e c a u s e C h i e f M o u n t a i n

w a s s o o l d . H i s f a c e w a s

w r i n k l e d , h e c o u l d n o t s e e v e r y w e l l a n d m o s t

o f h i s t e e t h w e r e g o n e . S o t h e y d i d n o t t r y . M a n y p e o p l e h a v e w o n d e r e d

i f h e c o u l d h a v e c o m e b a c k t o l i f e a g a i n .

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I

,

G E O R G E S H I E L D S , J R .

I n d i a n L e a d e r s

C H I E F M O U N T A I N ' S M E D I C I N E 1 8 A

A I M 1 - I > T o u n d e r o 4 n d b e t t e r

h o w l e a d e r s h i p w a s v i e w e d i n d i f f e r e n t I n d i a n c u l t u r e s

W A R L E A D E R S

L o n g a g o , t h e S i o u x w a r b o n n e t w a s a n i n d i v i d u a l

m a n ' s r e c o r d o f h i s l i f e . O n e d e s i r i n g t o

w e a r s u c h a

w a r b o n n e t h a d t o e a r n e a c h f e a t h e r b y d o i n g b r a v e

d e e d s . W e a r i n g a h e a d d r e s s d i d n o t m a k e

a m a n b r a v e

a n d h o n o r a b l e j u s t b y i t s e l f . A m a n s u c h

a s a w a r

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l e a d e r h a d t o p r o v e h i s c o u r a g e

m a n y t i m e s . I t w a s

a p r i v i l e g e t o w e a r a w a r b o n n e t a s a s i g n o f o n e ' s

a c o m p l i s h m e n t s .

H E A D E L D E R S

0 4 .

T h r o u g h o u t t h e N o r t h w e s t t o b e a H e a d m a n o f h i s

p e o p l e , o n e h a d t o b e w i s e i n t h e w a y s o f p e a c e a n d

p r o b l e m s o f e v e r y d a y . H e h a d t o b e a s k i l l e d h u n t e r

t o p r o v i d e n o t o n l y f o r h i s o w n f a m i l y b u t a l s o f o r t h e

o l d , t h e o r p h a n s a n d t l . e w i d o w s .

O n a s h e e t o f p a p e r w r i t e d o w n t h e n a m e s

A H e a d m a n w h o w a s u s u a l l y g e n e r o u s o f t e n l i v e d

. 4 ) , *

o f t e n n o n - I n d i a n l e a d e r s a n d 1 0 I n d i a n

p o o r l y b e c a u s e h e a c c e p t e d t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f c a r i n g

l e a d e r s e i t h e r l i v i n g o r h i s t o r i c a l .

f o r s o m a n y . D u r i n g h i s l i f e t i m e h e a l s o s p o n s o r e d

o r p e r f o r m e d t h e p r o p e r r i t e s , c e r e m o n i e s , g i v e - a - w a y s

W r i t e d o w n a n d d i s c u s s w h a t q u a l i t i e s m a k e

o r p o t l a t c h e s . A H e a d m a n w a s a l i v i n g e x a m p l e o f t h e

v i r t u e s a n d r e l i g i o u s b e l i e f s o f t h e p e o p l e .

h e m l e a d e r s .

3 8 8

F g 3 9

C H I E F M O U N T A I N ' S M E D I C I N E 1 8 B

. M \ E D I C I N E P E O P L E

p e o p l e p e r f o r m , t e a c h a n d r e -

m i n d t h e p e o p l e a b o u t t h e p r o p e r r i t e s

a n d c e r e m o n i e s . T h e y p r o v i d e c o u n c i l ,

a n d a d v i s e p e r s o n s i n t h e i r s p i r i t u a l

n e e d s .

S o m e p o w e r f u l m e d i c i n e p e o p l e h a v e b e e n k n o w n f o r

t h e i r p r o p h e t i c d r e a m s o r t h e i r a b i l i t y t o i n t e z p r e t

I n y o u r f a m i l y g r o u p s t a l k a b o u t t h e f o l -

l o w i n g q u e s t i o n s .

W h a t w a y s d o p e o p l e h a v e f o r g a i n i n g h o n o r a n d

r e s p e c t t o d a y ?

I s i t p o s s i b l e t o b e c o m e a l e a d e r t o d a y ?

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d r e a m s . P e r s o n s o f s u c h a b i l i t i e s o r p o w e r s h a d t o c o n -

t i n u a l l y u s e t h e i r p o w e r s t o h e l p t h e i r p e o p l e .

N A T U R A L I S T

S o m e p e o p l e w e r e e x t r e m e l y k n o w l e d g e -

a b l e a b a . t U l a n t s a n d h e r b s . T h e y k n e w

w h e r e r i o f i n d t h e s e p l a n t s a n d h e r b s a n d

w h a t t o d o w i t h t h e m . O f t e n t h e s e p e o -

p l e p r o v i d e d t h e m e d i c i n e s a n d t r e a t -

m e n t f o r w o u n d e d o r s i c k m e m b e r s o f

t h e i r t r i b e s .

W o m e n w e r e o u t s t a n d i n g i n t h i s f i e l d w h i c h a l s o g a v e

t h e m t h e b a c k g r o u n d t o h e l p w o m e n h a v i n g c h i l d r e n .

S u c h w o m e n a r e c a l l e d m i d w i v e s . T h e i r s e r v i c e a n d

v a l u e t o t r i b e s d i d n o t g o u n r e c o g n i z e d . .

T o d a y m a n y I n d i a n p e o p l e g o i n t o h e a l t h c a r e e r s a n d

r e t u r n t o w o r k a t r e s e r v a t i o n h o s p i t a l s o r c l i n i c s t o

c o n t i n u e t h i s s e r v i c e .

W h a t c a n y o u d o t o d a y t h a t w o u l d m a k e y o u r p a s t

a n d p r e s e n t r e l a t i v e s p r o u d o f y o u ?

W h a t c a n y o u d o t o d a y t h a t w o u l d h e l p m a k e y o u a

r e s p e c t e d p e r s o n w h e n y o u a r e o l d e r ?

H o w c a n w e s h o w r e s p e c t f o r e a c h o t h e r ?

H o w m a n y d i f f e r e n t w a y s c a n y o u s h o w l e a d e r s h i p

i n t h e c l a s s r o o m ?

R e t u r n t o t h e C o u n c i l L o d g e t o s h a r e s o m e o f t h e

i d e a s t h a t y o u r f a m i l y h a d o n t h e q u e s t i o n s a b o v e .

Y o u m a y W a n t t o w r i t e t h e s e o n t h e b l a c k b o a r d .

C o m p a r e l e a d e r s h i p q u a l i t i e s t o t h o s e l i s t e d e a r l i e r

f o r b e i n g a n e l d e r .

3 9 1

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C o y o t e

t h e

T r i c k s t e r

( - - - - 4 I N T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

r E C ' E P I E

f . / . ; , i e , / c R t 4 2

1

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( 5 1 : 7 1 1 / S t o r i e s a n d

L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

C o y o t e a n d H i s B i g B r o t h e r W o l f

C o y o t e a n d t h e T w o S i s t e r s

C o y o t e a n d t h e C o u g w .

H o w C o y o t e T r i c k e d P o r c u p i n e

N o s y C o y o t e

L e v e l I V B o o k 1 3

D e v e l o p e d b y t h e B u r n s P a i u t e R e s e r v a t i o n

R u t h A d a m s , C o o r d i n a t o r

B e t t y F i r s t R a i s e s

J a n e S a m

M i n e r v a S o u c i e

B e r n i c e r I b e m a n

F l o y d T h e m a n

J a m e s S t . M a r t i n , I l l u s t r a t o r

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C o y o t e a n d H i s B i g B r o t h e r W o l f

C o y o t e a n d h i s b i g b r o t h e r

W o l f w e r e w a l k i n g a l o n g

a t r a i l i n

t h e w o o d s . W o l f t o l d C o y o t e ,

" D o n ' t w a n d e r o f f b e c a u s e

w e

h a v e a l o n g w a y t o g o . " S o o n

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C o y o t e s a i d , " I w a n t t o v i s i t o u r

a u n t s . "

W o l f t o l d h i m , " I f

y o u v i s i t

o u r a u n t s , t h e y w i l l n o t s h a r e

t h e i r f o o d w h i c h i s s o m e t i m e s

w i l d c a r r o t s . I n s t e a d t h e y w i l l

c o m b t h e i r f u r o u t a n d o f f e r y o u

t h e i r f l e a s . " C o y o t e d i d n o t b e l i e v e

h i m .

" I a m g o i n g t o v i s i t t h e m

a n y w a y , " s a i d C o y o t e . A s s o o n a s

h e g o t t h e r e , h i s a u n t s s t a r t e d t o

c o m b t h e i r f u r o u t . C o y o t e r e m e m -

b e r e d w h a t h i s b i g b r o t h e r W o l f

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h a d s a i d a b o u t t h e m , s o h e l e f t .

T h e y c o n t i n u e d o n t h e i r

j o u r n e y a n d t h i s t i m e C o y o t e

w a n t e d t o v i s i t h i s g r a n d f a t h e r .

W o l f t o l d h i m , " G r a n d f a t h e r h a s

m a n y I n d i a n c o s t u m e s b u t h e

n e v e r g i v e s a n y t h i n g t o

a n y o n e . "

G r a n d f a t h e r ( o n h i s f a t h e r ' s

s i d e ) h a d a b i g r o u n d s t o m a c h a n d

h a d a h a b i t o f l a y i n g a c r o s s t h e

d o o r w a y .

C o y o t e w e n t i n s i d e G r a n d -

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f a t h e r ' s h o u s e a n d s a t d o w n .

W h i l e h e w a s s i t t i n g d o w n , h e w a s

l o o k i n g a t a l l t h e c o l o r f u l c o s t u m e s

t h a t w e r e h a n g i n g o n t h e w a l l s . H e

s i l e n t l y p i c k e d t h e o n e h e w a n t e d

a n d g r a b b e d i t a n d r a n f o r t h e d o o r .

H e t r i e d t o j u m p o v e r G r a n d f a t h e r

b u t h e h i t h i s s t o m a c h a n d

b o u n c e d b a c k . G r a n d f a t h e r r o l l e d

o n t o p o f h i m a n d w o u l d n o t m o v e .

A m e a d o w l a r k

w a s s i n g i n g

i n a t r e e . C o y o t e t h o u g h t t h e

m e a d o w l a r k w a s m o c k i n g h i m ,

b u t t h e b i r d w a s t r y i n g t o t e l l h i m

h o w t o g e t o u t f r o m u n d e r

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G r a n d f a t h e r . T h e m e a d o w l a r k

t o l d C o y o t e , " P o k e G r a n d f a t h e r i n

h i s s t o m a c h w i t h y o u r l i t t l e f i n -

g e r . " C o y o t e d i d w h a t t h e m e a d o w -

l a r k t o l d h i m t o d o a n d t o r e a h o l e

i n h i s s t o m a c h w h i c h k i l l e d

G r a n d f a t h e r . C o y o t e w a s c o v e r e d

w i t h a w f u l g r e e n s t u f f .

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C o y o t e e s c a p e d a n d c a u g h t u p w i t h h i s b r o t h e r . W o l f a s k e d , " W h a t t o o k

y o u s o l o n g ? W h a t i s t h a t s t u f f a l l o v e r y o u . C o y o t e t o l d h i m w h a t h a d

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C o y o t e w e n t o v e r t o w h e r e G r a n d f a t h e r w a s d i g g i n g f o r a g r o u n d h o g

i n t h e r o c k s .

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W o l f k e p t w a l k i n g . A f t e r a w h i l e h e b e c a m e w o r r i e d a b o u t h i s b r o t h e r

W r i t i n g S c r i p t

A I M 2 4 > T o w r i t e d ' l l o g u e a n d

a s c r i p t

D I A L O G U E

D i a l o t z u e c o n s i s t s o f t h e e x a c t w o r d s t h a t p e o p l e s a y

w h e n t h e y a r e t a l k i n g . W h e n y o u w r i t e w h a t p e o p l e

s a y , y o u p u t t h e t a l k w o r d s i n q u o t a t i o n m a r k s .

° I '

F i n d t h e d i a l o g u e i n a s t o r y . R e a d t h r o u g h

t h e s t o r y a n d p u t a b i g m o u t h a r o u n d t h e

M O O S E H I I ) E R O B E W O M A N

C O Y O T E A N D H I S B I G B R O T H E R W O L F

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

1 3 A

A s c r i p t w r i t e r m u s t b e a b l e t o ;

p u n c t u a t e c o r r e c t l y

v i s u a l i z e ( h a v e a c l e a r p i c t u r e i n h i s / h e r m i n d )

h a v e a d i f f e r e n t s e n s e o f t i m e a n d s p a c e

b e a b l e t o v i s u a l i z e t h e a c t i o n i n a s t o r y a n d w r i t e

i t i n p l a y f o r m

T h e j o b o f a s c r i p t w r i t e r i s t o m a k e a c t i o n s a n d d i a -

l o g u e b e l i e v a b l e .

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w o r d s t h a t c o m e o u t o f a c h a r a c t e r ' s m o u t h .

A s t h e c o w b o y r o d e o f f h e t o l d c o y o t e ,

N o w p u t a s m i l e o n e a c h m o u t h y o u m a d e b y

p u t t i n g q u o t a t i o n m a r k s a t t h e c o r n e r s o f e a c h

m o u h .

A S C R I P T

P P

A s c r i p t , i s w r i t t e n f o r p u p p e t p l a y s , s t a g e p l a y s ,

s c r e e n p l a y s o r a b r o a d c a s t . I t i s t h e s p o k e n w o r d s ' o f

t h e p l a y e r s i n w r i t t e n f o r m . A p e r s o n w h o w r i t e s f o r

t h e s e t h i n g s i s a s c r i p t w r i t e r .

W r i t e a s c r i p t u s i n g s t o r y d i a l o g u e . . S t a r t

a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f y o u r s t o r y a n d m e t t e l a

l i s t o f a l l t h e s e n t e n c e s t h a t a r e d i a l o g u e .

I n f r o n t o f e a c h s e n t e n c e . p u t t h e c h a r a c -

t e r ' s n a m e t h a t i s d o i a a g t h e t a l k i n g .

4

R e a d y o u r l i s t i n t o a t a p e r e c o r d e r a n d t h e n l i s t e n

t o i t . I s t h e s t o r y u n d e r s t o o d o r a r e p a r t s o f t h e

s t o r y n o t c l e a r ?

W r i t i n g s c r i p t ; s n o t l i k e w r i t i n g a s t o r y .

a c t i n g i t o u t . T o i m p r o v e y o u r d i a l o g u e r y :

I t i s l i k e

l o w t h e y

d o w h i l e

w a t c h i n g T V t o s e e w h a t p e o p l e s a y

s a y I t

a d d i n g a c t i o n s f o r e a c h c h a r a c t e r A l

t a l k i n g

c h a n g i n g t h e d i a l o g u e t o i n c l u d e m o r e a c t i o n

w o r d s

r o l e p l a y i n g t h e s t o r y

4 0 5

M O O S E H I D E R O B E W O M A N

C O Y O T E A N D H I S B I G B R O T H E R W O L F

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

1 3 B

R O L E P L A Y I N G

R o l e p l a y i n g i s a c t i n g o u t a s t o r y w i t h o u t u s i n g w o r d s .

Y o u d o n o t h a v e t o h a v e a s c r i p t . Y o u d o n o t h a v e t o

h a v e a w h o l e s t o r y .

I n a p l a y t h i n g s h a p p e n i n a c e r t a i n o r d e r . T h e s t o r y

w i j r p r o b a b l y h a v e a b e g i n n i n g . a m i d d l e a n d a n e n d .

I n a r o l e p l a y h o w e v e r , t h e r e m a y b e o n l y a s i t u a t i o n

a n d o n e c h a r a c t e r .

a f i s h i n a p o l l u t e d s t r e a m

d i f f e r e n t c l o u d s

t r e e s a s t h e s e a s o n s c h a n g e

a s h y p e r s o n o n a c r o w d e d s t r e e t

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r a h

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s g r o u p c h o o s e o n e r o l e

p l a y o r s i t u a t i o n y o u w a n t t o s h o w t h e

c o u n c i l l o d g e . P i c k a s c e n e f r o m o n e o f t h e

s t o r i e s y o u h a v e r e a d . A c t i t o u t w i t h o u t

w o r d s . S e e i f t h e o t h e r g r o u p s c a n g u e s s

w h a t s t o r y i s b e i n g r o l e p l a y e d .

C H A R A C T E R I Z A T I O N

C h a r a c t e r s n e e d t o h a v e t h e i r o w n p e r s o n a l i t y ( c h e e r -

f u l , d u m b , s m a r t , b i o n i c , t r i c k y , s l y , g r o u c h y , a l e r t ,

t i r e d , e t c . ) . C h a r a c t e r s c a n g o t h r o u g h a n u m b e r o f

e v e n t s b u t t h e i r p e r s o n a l i t y s h o u l d r e m a i n a b o u t t h e

s a m e . W h a t a c h a r a c t e r s a y s c x d o e s , t e l l s y o u a l o t

a b o u t t h e p e r s o n a l i t y o f t h i s c h a r a c t e r . C o p y i n g t h a t

p e r s o n o r t h i n g i s c a l l e d c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n .

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s g r o u p s , t a k e t u r n s

a c t i n g o u t s o m e d i f f e r e n t c h a r a c t e r s .

a c h a i n s m o k e r

a b u s i n e s s m a n

a n i n v i s i b l e m a n

y o u r t e a c h e r

D o n ' t t a k e t o o m u c h t i m e o n y o u r f i r s t t r y . T r y a g a i n

a n d i t w i l l b e b e t t e r .

A f t e r e a c h g r o u p f i n i s h e s , t a l k a b o u t w h a t

w a s l i k e d a b o u t t h e p e r f o r m a n c e . T h i s w i l l

h e l p a l l t h e a c t o r s k n o w w h a t e x p r e s s i o n s

o r a c t i o n s w e r e b e s t f o r t h a t s i t u a t i c n o r

s t o r y .

P u t i t a l l t o g e t h e r ( d i a l o g u e , s c r i p t , r o l e p l a y a n d

c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n ) . W r i t e a r o l e p l a y s i t u a t i o n o r a

s t o r y s c r i p t . G i v e i t t o a n o t h e r f a m i l y t o r o l e p l a y .

4 0 6

4 0 7

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C o y o t e a n d t h e T w o S i s t e r s

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C o y o t e w a s t r a v e l i n g a l o n g w h e n t w o

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T h e t w o s i s t e r s h e a r d h i m

c r y i n g a n d p u l l e d h i m o u t o f t h e

w a t e r a n d d r i e d h i m o f f . T h e y

r e t u r n e d t o c a m p a n d t r e a t e d h i m

l i k e a b a b y . H e e v e n s l e p t w i t h

t h e m a t n i g h t .

I n t h e m o r n i n g s t h e y w o u l d

g o f i s h i n g . A f t e r t h e y w o u l d l e a v e

C o y o t e u n t i e d t h e c r a d l e b o a r d t o

l e t h i m s e l f o u t s o h e c o u l d g e t i n t o

m i s c h i e f .

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T h e s i s t e r s w o u l d

u s e a

s p r i n g t o h o l d t h e i r f i s h i n a n d o l d

C o y o t e w o u l d l e t t h e f i s h o u t b a c k

i n t o t h e s t r e a m .

W h e n h e h e a r d t h e m

c o m -

i n g u p t h e t r a i l , h e w o u l d g e t b a c k

i n t o t h e c r a d l e b o a r d a n d t i e h i m -

s e l f u p a g a i n .

4 1 1

1 5

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H e d i d t h i s f o r s e v e r a l d a y s .

O n e d a y t h e s i s t e r s g o t w i s e t o

h i m . T h e y t i e d h i m t i g h t l y i n t h e

c r a d l e b o a r d a n d l e f t h i m t h e r e a l l

a l o n e .

f i

C o y o t e t r i e d t o u s e h i s t r i c k s

t o p l a y g a m e s b u t h e g o t f o o l e d

i n s t e a d .

T h e W h i p m a n

C O Y O T E A N D T H E T W O S I S T E R S 1 9 A

A I M x i > T o u n d e r s t a n d w h o t h e w h i p m a n

i s a n d w h a t h i s r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s

i n c l u d e

W h e n a c h i l d d o e s s o m e t h i n g w r o n g t h a t c h i l d i s t o l d

t h e w h i p m a n w i l l c o m e . W h e n h e c o m e s t h e c h i l d r e n

l i n e u p t o r e c e i v e s e v e r a l b l o w s f r o m t h e w i l l o w s t i c k s

o f t h e w h i p m a n . A s h e w h i p s e a c h c h i l d h e t a l k s

a b o u t h a v i n g r e s p e c t f o r t h e i r e l d e r s . I f a c h i l d c r i e s .

t h e w h i p m a n m a y w h i p a g a i n . B e f o r e h e l e a v e s , t h e

c h i l d r e n w i l l s o m e t i m e s d a n c e w h i l e t h e w h i p m a n

s i n g s . F a m i l i e s p a y t h e w h i p m a n w i t h b l a n k e t s , f o o d ,

t o o l s o r o t h e r g i f t s .

O T H E R W A Y S

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T H E W H I P M A N

T h e w h i p m a n i s a h i g h l y r e s p e c t e d p e r s o n a m o n g t h e

U m a t i l l a , Y a k i m a a n d W a r m S p r i n g s t r i b e s . B o t h

e l d e r s a n d c h i l d r e n s h o w t h i s m a n r e s p e c t . H e i s o f t e n

a p p o i n t e d b y t r i b a l l e a d e r s o r r e l a t i v e s . H e i s a g o o d

p e r s o n w h o h a c t i P v e l o p e d m a n y f i n e q u a l i t i e s m u c h

l i k e o t h e r I n d i a n l e a d e r s .

O n c e s e l e c t e d . a w h i p m a n m i g h t r e m a i n o n e i t s w h o l e

l i f e . I n a n e x t e n d e d f a m i l y t w o u n c l e s o r a n o t h e r

r e l a t i v e m i g h t b e c h o s e n .

T h e w h i p m a n t e a c h e s y o u n g c h i l d r e n t h a t r e s p e c t h a s

t o b e e a r n e d . H e d i s c i p l i n e s c h i l d r e n i f t h e y a r e n a u g h -

t y o r d i s r e s p e c t f u l t o t h e l e a d e r s , e l d e r s o r p a r e n t s .

4 1 4

D i f f e r e n t t r i b e s h a v e d i f f e r e n t w a y s o f t e a c h i n g r e s p e c t

a n d g o o d m a n n e r s . I n m a n y t r i b e s a u n t s a n d u n c l e s

h a v e t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f d i s c i p l i n i n g c h i l d r e n . T h i s

t y p e o f t r a i n i n g u s u a l l y b e g i n s a t b i r t h .

A m o n g t h e S i o u x t r i b e a n e w b a b y ' s b i r t h c r i e s a r e

s t o p p e d b y h o l d i n g i t s n o s e . A b a b y s o o n l e a r n s t h a t

i t c a n n o t c r y w i t h o u t g e t t i n g a i r . O n t h e p l a i n s , s i l e n c e

i n c h i l d r e n w a s v e r y i m p o r t a n t , e s p e c i a l l y o n c a m p

m o v e s o r w h e r e a b a b y ' s c r y c o u l d b r i n g e n e m i e s t o

t h e c a m p .

W r i t e w h a t y o u k n o w . W h a t p r a c t i c e s o f

d i s c i p l i n e o c c u r i n y o u r c o m m u n i t y ? I n

y o u r h o m e ?

1 1 . 1 1 1 1 M 7 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 F .

4 1 5

C O Y O T E A N D T H E T W O S I S T E R S 1 9 B

C h i l d r e n a r e a n i m p o r t a n t

p a r t o f t h e I n d i a n t r i b e .

E l d e r s a l s o h o l d a v e r y

i m p o r t a n t a n d u n i q u e

r o l e i n t h e t r i b e .

T h e e l e r s s a y , " W h e n

w u p a n d h a v e

c h i l d r e n o f y o u r o w n ,

r e m e m b e r t h a t t h o s e

c h i l d r e n b e l o n g t o

T h e f a m i l y u n i t w h i c h i n c l u d e s t h e e x t e n d e d f a m i l y i s

s t i l l a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t o f t h e t r i b e . T h e l a r g e r f a m i l y

i s t h e w h o l e t r i b e . I n t h e d a y s o f l o n g a g o t h e r e w e r e

n o o r p h a n s . T h e r e w a s a l w a y s a p l a c e f o r c h i l d r e n i n

t h e I n d i a n t r i b e .

T h e e l d e r s t e a c h t h a t i t i s a v e r y i m p o r t a n t r o l e a n d

r e s p o n g i b i l i t y o f t r i b a l m e m b e r s i , o h e l p a l l b r o t h e r s

a n d s i s t e r s .

E v e r y o n e i s h i s o r h e r b r o t h e r ' s k e e p e r ; h e l p i n g f e l l o w -

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t h e G r e a t S p i r i t , t h e

C r e a t o r . T h o s e

c h i l d r e n a r e n o t y o u r

o w n . T h e y a r e l e n t

t o y o u b y t h e C r e a t o r . "

C h i l d r e n m u s t b e t a u g h t :

T a u g h t a b o u t t h e G r e a t S p i r i t

T h u g h t t h e g o o d t h i n g s i n l i f e

T h u g h t t o l e a r n b y o b s e r v i n g n a t u r e

a n d t h e u n i v e r s e a r o u n d t h e m

T a u g h t t o b e k i n d , g e n e r o u s , b r a v e

a n d h o n e s t

T i u g h t t o r e s p e c t t h e e l d e r s

T h u g h t t o r e s p e c t t h e c r e a t i o n

a r o u n d t h e m

A b o v e a l l t a u g h t t o r e s p e c t a l l

t h i n g s

m a n i n l i f e .

C H I L D O F T O D A Y

M a k e a l i s t o f 1 0 t h i n g s y o u k n o w h o w

A h

o *

t o d o .

P u t a c h e c k m a r k n e x t t o t h o s e t h i n g s y o u t h i n k

y o u c o u l d t e a c h a b r o t h e r o r s i s t e r .

P i c k o n e o f t h e t h i n g s y o u w o u l d l i k e t o t e a c h

s o m e o n e e l s e .

W r i t e y o u r n a m e a n d w h a t y o u w a n t t o t e a c h o n

t h e b l a c k b o a r d .

S i g n u p n e x t t o s o m e t h i n g y o u w o u l d l i k e t o l e a r n .

4 1 6

4 1 7

1

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C o y o t e a n d t h e C o u g a r

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w .

,

1 . 4 . 1

;

" . 4

.

,

f i

. . .

i f :

, .

, . ,

f . : - . .

. " . : ; : . -

T , " . "

. . .

'

. ' ' .

. . c : 4 .

.

P 4 . . . . , . e .

,

:

: f . . . . .

I t ,

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C o u g a r w a s w a l k i n g a l o n g t h e s a m e t r a i l a n d s a w C o y o t e

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C .

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P u p p e t s a n d S t u f f

C O Y O T E A N D T H E C O U G A R

H O W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K 2 0 A

A I M

3 H >

T o m a k e p u p p e t s

A P A P E R P U P P E T

U s i n g a s q u a r e p i e c e o f p a p e r , f o l d c o r n e r s

t o w a r d c e n t e r l i n e . 4

T u r n p a p e r o v e r .

A N O T H E R P A P E R P U P P E T

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

e n v e l o p e s

g l u e

c o n s t r u c t i o n p a p e r s c i s s o r s

s t u f f

P u t y o u r h a n d i n t h e e n v e l o p e .

1 1 1

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F o l d c o r n e r t o w a r d s c e n t e r l i n e s a g a i n .

H o l d t h c p u p p e t a s s h o w n .

P a p e r h a n d p u p p e t c a n b e a n y c h a r a c t e r y o u w a n t i t

t o b e .

P r e s s t h e p a p e r b e t w e e n y o u r t h u m b a n d f o u r

f i n g e r s .

A d d r e a l c h a r a c t e r t o y o u r n e w f r i e n d , u s i n g t h e

s t u f f y o u h a v e g a t h e r e d .

4 2 8

4 2 9

C O Y O T E A N D T H E C O U G A R

H O W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E

2 0 B

O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

P U P P E T S W I T H O U T M O U T H S

K n o c k o u t o n e e n d o f a p e a n u t .

P a i n t a f a c e o n t h e s h e l l . A t t a c h

w i t h t a p e o r g l u e t o a p e n c i l o r

a s t r a w .

D r a w p e o p l e o r p r o p s ( t r e e s ,

m o o n , s u n , e t c . ) . C u t o u t a n d

t a p e t o y o u r f i n g e r s .

G R O W I N G P A I N S

P u p p e t s n e e d h e l p g r o w i n g n d h e r e i s h o w y o u c a n

h e l p :

L e n d a h a n d . Y o u r p u p p e t h a s n o l i f e u n t i l

y o u r h a n d b e c o m e s t h e h e a d , n e c k , w a i s t

a n d f e e t . l i m a y o u r p u p p e t h o w t o e x e r c i s e ,

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T H E P L A Y

T a k i n g y o u r c h a r a c t e r s t h r o u g h h a r d t i m e s a n d t h e n

h a v i n g e v e r y t h i n g c o m e o u t r i g h t i s t h e f u n a n d e n t e r -

t a i n m e n t y o u r a u d i e n c e s e e s .

G o o d p u p p e t r y c a n b e f u n a n d e n t e r t a i n i n g .

A g o o d p u p p e t p l a y h a s a b e g i n n i n g , a m i d d l e a n d

a n e n d .

A p u p p e t p l a y i s f a s t - m o v i n g , s h o r t a n d t o t h e p o i n t .

D e c i d e :

w h o y o u r c h a r a c t e r s a r e

w h a t t h e s t o r y i s

w h e r e t h e a c t i o n i s t a k i n g p l a c e

W o r k o n t h e e y e s . M o s t n e w b o r n p u p p e t s

t e n d t o s t a r e a t t h e c e i l i n g . U s e a m i r r o r t o

h e l p y o u g e t t h e p u p p e t l o o k i n g a t t h e a u d -

i e n c e . T h e n p r a c t i c e l o o k i n g t o w a r d s t h e

d o o r , o u t t h e w i n d o w o r a t a n o t h e r p u p p e t .

a Q

P r a c t i c e t h e v o i c e . T h i s i s o n e

t i m e t o m a k e y o u r v o i c e a s l o u d

a s p o s s i b l e . I t i s h a r d t o h e a r i f

y o u ' r e b e h i n d a s t a g e .

D o e s y o u r p u p p e t s o u n d l i k e y o u o r t h e u n i q u e o t h e r

c h a r a c t e r y o u c r e a t e d ?

T h a d y o u r p u p p e t t h e s o u n d

a n d m o v e m e n t o f t h e A B C ' s .

E v e r y t i m e y o u o p e n y o u r m o u t h

y o u r p p e t ' s m o u t h s h o u l d

o p e n t o o .

H e l p y o u r p u p p e t s a y y e s o r n o , t h i n k , c r y , s n e e z e ,

s n o r e , r e a d , r u n , h o p , f a i n t , f a l l , f l y , s k a t e , d a n c e

a n d s n e a k . M a k e i t c o m e a l i v e

4 3 0

4 3 1

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- H o w C o y o t e T r i c k e d P o r c u p i n e

P o r c u p i n e w a s t r y i n g t o c r o s s

t h e A v e r w h e r e t h e r e

w e r e a l o t o f

a n i m a l s . H e w a n t e d s o m e b o d y

t o

h e l p h i m

a c r o s s . H e a s k e d e a c h o f t h e

a n i m a l s i f t h e y c o u l d h e l p h i m .

T h e

a n i m a l s a l l s a i d , " N a , " u n t i l

i t c a m e t o

E l k . W h e n P o r c u p i n e i a s k e d

E l k , " C a n

y o u h e l p i n e ? " ' , E l k a n s w e r e d , " Y e s . "

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- "

E l k w e n t

a c r o s s t h e s w i f t r i v e r

t o t h e o t h e r s i d e w h e r e P o r c u p i n e

w a s

w a i t i n g . P o r c u p i n e a s k e d h i m ,

" W h e r e s h o u l d I s i t ? " Y o u

c a n s i t o n

m y e a r s , " a n s w e r e d E l k . P o r c u p i n e

s a i d , " B u t I m i g h t f a l l o f f

w h e n y o u

s h a k e y o u r e a r s . "

T h e p r e v i o u s n u m b e r e d

p a g o 4 i n

3 1

t h e o r i g i n a l d o c u m e n t v m -

h t

3 4

E l k n a m e d a l l t h e p a r t s o f h i s b o d y t h a t

P o r c u p i n e c o u l d s i t o n , b u t e a c h t i m e

P o r -

c u p i n e w o u l d s a y , " N o . " H e d i d t h i s b e c a u s e

h e

w a n t e d t o k i l l E l k .

H e w a n t e d t r ) g e t i n s i d e h i s s t o m a c h

a n d

f i n a l l y g o t i n s i d e E l k t h r o u g h a

n a t u r a l o p e n -

i n g . P o r c u p i n e a s k e d E l k t o l e t

h i m k n o w

w h e n t h e y g o t t o t h e o t h e r s i d e

o f t h e r i v e r .

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3 2

W h e n t h e y r e a c h e d t h e o t h e r

s i d e o f

t h e r i v e r , P o r c u p i n e s h o o k h i s

q u i l l s a n d

k i l l e d E l k .

A f t e r h e g o t o u t , h e d r a g g e d t h e c a r c a s s

o n t o t h e b a n k . P o r c u p i n e

s t a r t e d t o l o o k f o r

o b s i d i a n w i t h w h i c h t o c u t h i m u p .

4 3 5

` 1 3 6

S e

l e r

C o y o t e s p i e d P o r c u p i n e l o o k i n g

f o r

o b s i d i a n a l o n g t h e r i v e r a n d

s a w h i m t a l k i n g

t o h i m s e l f . C o y o t e a s k e d P o r c u p i n e ,

" W h a t

a r e y o u t a l k i n g a b o u t ? "

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P o r c u p i n e t r i e d t o p r e t e n d t h a t

h e w a s n ' t t a l k i n g a b o u t

a n y t h i n g . B u t

C o y o t e h a d a l r e a d y o v e r h e a r d h i m

t a l k i n g a b o u t l o o k i n g f o r

s o m e s h a r p

o b s i d i a n t o c u t u p E l k . H e a s k e d P o r -

c u p i n e , " D o

y o u n e e d a k n i f e ? " a n d

o f f e r e d h i s k n i f e t o P o r c u p i n e .

4 3 7

4 3 8

3 3

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W h e n t h e y g o t t o E l k , C o y o t e

h a d a p l a n . H e w o u l d w a i t

u n t i l a f t e r

t h e y c u t u p E l k . H e a s k e d

P o r c u p i n e i f

h e w a n t e d t o m a k e a d e a l .

T h e d e a l

P u p p e t s a n d S t u f f

A I M

T o T o m a k e p u p p e t s

A P A P E R P U P P E T

C O Y O T E A N D T H E C O U G A R

H O W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

2 0 A

A N O T H E R P A P E R P U P P E T

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

I

* I l k

U s i n g a s q u a r e p i e c e o f p a p e r , f o l d c o r n e r s e n v e l o p e s

g l u e

' v .

t o w a r d c e n t e r l i n e . A 4

b

c o n s t r u c t i o n p a p e r

s c i s s o r s

. . _ . . A .

a

s t u f f

D

- - - -

T u r n p a p e r o v e r .

P u t y o u r h a n d i n t h e e n v e l o p e .

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F o l d c o r n e r t o w a r d s c e n t e r l i n e s a g a i n .

H o l d t h e p u p p e t a s s h o w n .

P a p e r h a n d p u p p e t c a n b e a n y c h a r a c t e r y o u w a n t i t

t o b e .

4 1 0

P r e s s t h e p a p e r b e t w e e n y o u r t h u m b a n d f o u r

f i n g e r s .

A d d r e a l c h a r a c t e r t o y o u r n e w f r i e n d , u s i n g t h e

s t u f f y o u h a v e g a t h e r e d .

4 4 1

' 1 U P P E T S W I T H O U T M O U T H S

K n o c k o u t o n e e n d o f a p e a n u t .

P a i n t a f a c e o n t h e s h e l l . A t t a c h

w i t h t a p e o r g l u e t o a p e n c i l l r

a s t r a w .

D r a w p e o p l e o r p r o p s ( t r e e s ,

m o o n , s u n , e t c . ) . C u t , o u t a n d

t a p e t o y o u r f i n g e r s .

C O Y O T E A N D T H E C O U G A R

H O W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E

2 0 1 3

O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

G R O W I N G P A I N S

P u p p e t s n e e d h e l p g r o w i n g a n d h e r e i s h o w

y o u r a n

h e l p :

A

I

L e n d a h a n d . Y o u r p u p p e t h a s

n o l i f e u n t i l

y o u r h a n d b e c o m e s t h e h e a d . n e c k , w a i s t

a n d f e e t . T e a c h y o u r p u p p e t h o w t o e x e r c i s e .

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1

T H E P L A Y

T a k i n g y o u r c h a r a c t e r s t h r o u g h h a r d t i m e s a n d t h e n

h a v i n g e v e r y t h i n g c o m e o u t r i g h t i s t h e f u n a n d

e n t e r -

t a i n m e n t y o u r a u d i e n c e s e e s ,

G o o d p u p p e t r y c a n b e f u n a n d e n t e r t a i n i n g .

A g o o d p u p p e t p l a y h a s a b e g i n n i n g ,

a m i d d l e a n d

a n e n d .

A p u p p e t p l a y

f a s t - m o v i n g , s h o r t a n d t o t h e p o i n t .

D e c i d e :

w h o y o u r c h a r a c t e r s a r e

w h a t t h e s t o r y i s

w h e r e t h e a c t i o n i s t a k i n g p l a c e

W o r k o n t h e e y e s . M o s t n e w b o r n p u p p e t s

t e n d t o s t a r e a t t h e c e i l i n g . U s e a m i r r o r t o

h e l p y o u g e t t h e p u p p e t l o o k i n g a t t h e a u d -

i e n c e . T h e n p r a c t i c e l o o k i n g t o w a r d s t h e

d o o r , o u t t h e w i n d o w o r a t a n o t h e r p u p p e t .

P r a c t i c e t h e v o i c e . T h i s i s

o n e

t i m e t o m a k e y o u r v o i c e a s l o u d

a s p o s s i b l e . I t i s h a r d t o h e a r i f

y o u ' r e b e h i n d a s t a g e .

D o e s y o u r p u p p e t s o u n d l i k e y o u o r t h e u n i q u e o t h e r

c h a r a c t e r y o u c r e a t e d ?

M a c h y o u r p u p p e t t h e s o u n d

a n d m o v e m e n t o f t h e A B C ' s .

E v e r y t i m e y o u o p e n y o u r m o u t h

y o u r p u p p e t ' s m o u t h s h o u l d

o p e n t o o .

H e l p y o u r p u p p e t s a y y e s o r n o , t h i n k ,

c r y , s n e e z e ,

s n o r e , r e a d , r u n , h o p , f a i n t , f a l l , f l y , s k a t e , d a n c e

a n d s n e a k . M a k e i t c o m e a l i v e

F i l m s t r i p M a k i n g

A I M

I R >

T o r e c r e a t e y o u r f a v o r i t e s t o r y

o n f i l m s t r i p

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

p a p e r

m a r k e r s

b l a n k F i l m s t r i p s

B L U E J A Y S T A R C H I L D

1 1 0 W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O l i . C U P I N E 3 A

T H I N G S T O R E M E M B E R

I f y o u w o r k a s a g r o u p , s h a r e t h e w o r k a m o n g e v e r y -

o n e . M a y b e e a c h p e r s o n c o u l d p i c k a f e w p a g e s t o

i l l u s t r a t e .

D r a w y o u r p i c t u r e s s m a l l a n d w i t h o u t a l o t o f d e t a i l s .

T h e s t o r y c o u l d b e r e a d i n t o t h e t a p e o r t o l d f r o m

m e m o r y .

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b l e a c h e d 3 5 n u n f i l m

M A K I N G A F I L M S T R I P

R e a d t w o s t o r i e s f r o m a n y b o o k .

C h o o s e t h e s t o r y y o u w a n t t o m a k e i n t o a f i l m -

s t r i p .

C u t p a p e r s t r i p s a b o u t 4 1 / 2 " h i g h a n d 1 1 " l o n g .

T a p e t h e l o n g s t r i p s t o g e t h e r . F o l d t h e l o n g s h e e t

o f p a p e r s o i t l o o k s l i k e t h i s .

F o l d a b o u t 1 5 s q u a r e s . E a c h s q u a r e c a n b e u s e d t o

p l a n a f r a m e f o r y o u r f i l m s t r i p .

W a t c h y o u r f i l m s t r i p a n d l i s t e n t o y o u r t a p e . I s t h e

s t o r y u n d e r s t a n d a b l e ? D o y o u w a n t t o i m p r o v e i t ' ?

P l a n e a c h f r a m e a g a i n a n d m a k e i t b e t t e r .

F o l l o w t h e s t e p s f o r p l a n n i n g t h e p i c t u r e s a n d t h e

t a l k ( d i a l o g u e ) o n t h e b a c k o f t h i s c a r d .

T r a n s f e r y o u r r o u g h p l a n t o t h e f i l m s t r i p . U s e

m a r k e r s f o r t h e f i l m s t r i p .

W h e n t h e p i c t u r e s a r e f i n i s h e d , m a k e a t a p e t o g o

a l o n g w i t h t h e m .

P l a c e y o u r f i l m s t r i p i n a l i b r a r y o r r e a d i n g c e n t e r

f o r o t h e r s t u d e n t s t o e n j o y .

B L U E J A Y S T A R C H I L D

H O W C O Y O T E T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E 3 B

P L A N Y O U R P I C T U R E S

I n o r d e r f o r t h e e v e n t s o f

y o u r s t o r y t o m a k e s e n s e ,

S t o r y .

y o u m u s t t a k e t i m e t o t h i n k i t t h r o u g h .

P l a n e a c h p i c t u r e f r a m e . T h i n k a b o u t w h a t

i s

m o s t i m p o r t a n t t o s h o w . D I a y . T t h e p i c t u r

s s m a l l

a n d w i t h o u t m u c h d e t a i l .

P L A N Y O U R T A L K

T i t l e

_ _

S p e a k e r

_ _ _ _

D e s c r i b e e a c h p i c t u r e . ' M I w h i c h p a r i o f t h e

s t o : y

i t i s . N o w , w r i t e h e r e e x a c t l y w h a t w i l l b e r e c o r d e d

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M a k e a l i s t o f y o u r p i c t u r e s i n t h e o r d e r t h e y

w i l l a p p e a r .

f o r t h i s p ' c t u r e f r a m e .

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N o s y C o y o t e

.

-

,

. . -

i r s e ;

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W o l f a n d C o y o t e w e n t h u n t -

i n g . E v e r y d a y t h e y w o u l d c a m p a t

a n i c e s p r i n g . W o l f w o u l d s a y t o

t h e c a m p , " I w o u l d l i k e f o r y o u t o

b e s e t u p a t a n o t h e r s p r i n g w i t h

g o o d w a t e r . "

4 9

5

T h e p r e v i o u s n u n t e r e d

p a g e

I n

3 7

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E a c h t i m e , t h e i r c a m p w o u l d

b e s e t u p b e f o r e t h e y g o t t h e r e .

C o y o t e c o u l d n o t f i g u r e i t o u t . H e

w o n d e r e d w h o w a s a l w a y s s e t t i n g

t h e s e c a m p s u p .

3 8

A r .

J

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L a t e r , h e t o l d h i s b r o t h e r

W o l f , " W h y d o n ' t

y o u g o a l o n g t h e

o t h e r s i d e o f t h e w a t e r a n d I ' l l

f o l -

l o w t h i s t r a i l . " H e w a n t e d

t o s e e

w h o w a s a l w a y s p u t t i n g

u p a n d

t a k i n g d o w n , 1 1 e

c a m p e a c h t i m e .

4 5 3

4 5 4

3 9

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H e w e n t a n d h i d b e h i n d

s o m e b u s h e s t o w a t c h .

S o o n a

p r e t t y I n d i a n g i r l c a m e a l o n g a n d

s t a r t e d t o t a k e t h e c a m p d o w n a n d

p a c k i t u p .

4 0

4 5 6

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C o y o t e r a n a s f a s t

a s h e

c o u l d t o w a r d t h e g i r l b u t s h e

d i s a p p e a r e d . C o y o t e l o o k e d f o r t h e

g i r l b u t n o g i r l c o u l d b e f o u n d .

4 5 7

' 1 5 8

4 1

H e t r i t x t t o s a y i n a l o u d

v o i c e L o t h e c a m p , T a n y o u g o s e t

A

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u p b y t h a t n i c e c o o l

s p r i n g ' ? " I l e

r a n o v e r t o g h a t c e r t a i n

s p r i n g b u t

t h e r e w a s n ' t a n y c a m p s e t u p .

H e w e n t b a c k t o t h e o l d

c a m p a n d i t w a s

s t i l l s e t u p . N o t a

t h i n g w - i s t a k e n d o w n .

C o y o t e h a d s p o i l e d e v o r y -

t h i n g b y b e i n g n o s y .

4 2

J I .

G i f t G i v i n g

N O S Y C O Y O T E 2 1 A

A I M

1 1 ) u n d e r s t a n d b e t t e r t h e j o y o f

1 1 1 . 4 > g i

n g , a s t r o n g I n d i a n v a l u e

S E C R E T S A N T A

S o m e t i m e b e f o r e C h r i s t m a s , e v e r y o n e ' s

n a m e s h o u l d b e p u t i n a h a t , b a s k e t o r

b o w l . E a c h s t u d e n t w i l l d r a w f r o m i t o n e

t t l h a t t , n n e b : ? n a o t ,

S e r e

r ) i t l a )

o E L h p t s , t u s ( d m e n : , h w o ' s i l t l i

n a m e t h e Y h a v i 0 d r a w n .

A s e c r e t S a n t a h a s l o t s o f i d e a s

A P U Z Z L E

F i n d a p r e t t y C h r i s t m a s s c e n e o r p i c t u r e

f r o m a m a g a z i n e . G l u e i t t o a p i e c e o f c a r d -

b o a r d a n d t h e n c u t i t i n t o p u z z l e p i e c e s .

T h e p u z z l e c a n t h e n b e w r a p p e d a n y w a y

y o u c h o o s e .

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E v e r y d a y b e f o r e C h r i s t m a s o r a s o f t e n a s e a c h

i n d i v i d u a l c h o o s e s , t r y t o d o s o m e t h i n g s p e c i a l

f o r t h a t p e r s o n w i t h o u t l e t t i n g t h e m k n o w a b o u t i t .

I f n e c e s s a r y . a s k y o u r t e a c h e r t o h e l p . A s k a f r i e n d

% h o c a n k e e p a s e c r e t . s o y o u r S e c r e t S a n t a i d e n -

t i t y i s p r o t e c t e , 1

4 1 6 1

4 6 2

Y o u

L ; h t

U p M y

N .

c o Y o T E 2 1 B

W O V E N M A T S

W e a v e a l u n c h e o n m a t o r p l a c e m e n t o u t o f

s t r i p s o f c o l o r e d c o n s t r u c t i o n p a p e r .

G o t o t h e l u n c h r o o m a l i t t l e e a r l y a n d s e t t h e

t a b l e f o r y o u r s p e c i a l p e r s o n w i t h a p l a c e m a t a n d

s i l v e r w a r e a n d m a y b e t h e i r t r a y .

L e a v e a c a r d s a y i n g , - R e s e r v e d f o r ( t h e i r n a m e )

b y y o u r S e c r e t S a n t a . -

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L O V E B U T T O N S

N o u w i l l n e e d :

c o n s t r u c t i o n p a p e r

p i n s

m a r k e r s u r c r a y o n s

M a k e a l o v e b u t t o n t o g i v e t o y o u r s e c r e t

p e r s o n .

r u t o u t t h e s h a p e o f y o u r b u t t o n a n d w r i t e a g r e e t

i n g o n i t .

P i n y o u r l o v e b u t t o n t o t h e i r j a c k e t o r c o a t w i t h a

s t r a i g h t p i n . M a k e s u r e t h e y a r e n ' t w a t c h i n g y o u

4 6 3

4 6 1

N O S Y C O Y O T E 2 1 1 )

Q U I L T M A K I N G

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

e m b r o i d e r y f l o s s

s c i s s o r s

e m b r o i d e r y n e e d l e s s e w i n g m a c h i n e

8 " x 8 " m a t e r i a l s q u a r e s

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E a c h p e r s o n p l a n a d e s i g n o r p i c t u r e t o p u t

o n a s q u a r e o f f a b r i c .

C u t t h e s q u a r e s o f c l o t h a n d s e w t h e d e s i g A s o r

p i c t u r e s o n t h e m .

t i c ' w t h e s q u a r e s t o g e t h e r .

q u i l t t h e b l a n k e t o r p o k e p i e c e s o f y a r n t h r o u g h

t h e m a t e r i a l a n d t i e b o t h s i d e s .

R a f f l e t h e q u i l t o f f , i f y o u l i k e . T h e m o n e y e a r n e d

c o u l d b e u s e d t o p u r c h a s e a t r e e t o p l a n t t o p u t i n

f r o n t o f t h e s c h o o l .

4 6 5

S T A R Q U I L T

H e r e i s t h e d e s i g n c a l l e d t h e s t a r q u i l t u s e d b y t h e

S i o u x a n d o t h e r P l a i n s t r i b e s . T h e g i f t o f a b l a n k e t

m e a n s a w i s h f o r a l o n g l i f e .

4 6 6

G i f t G i v i n g

N O S Y C O Y O T E 2 1 C

A I M

T o l e a r n a b o u t t h e t r a d i t i o n a l

g i v i n g c e r e m o n i e s , t h e g i v e - a w a y

a n d t h e p o t l a t c h

S h e e p h o r n S p o o n - W i s h r a m

G I V E - A W A Y S

T h e P l a i n s a n d P l a t e a u G i v e - A w a y s f e a t u r e t h e g i v i n g

a w a y o f m a n y q u i l t s , f a b r i c s , w o o l e n b l a n k e t s , b e a d -

w o r k , q u i l l w o r k a n d a n y t h i n g o f v a l u e t o a f a m i l y .

M e m b e r s o f a f a m i l y h o s t i n g a G i v e - A w a y a l w a y s

d a n c e t o g e t h e r i n h o n o r o f t h e i r l o v e d o n e s . I n o l d

t i m e s t h i s f a m i l y , i f h o n o r i n g t h e d e a d , g a v e a w a y

a l l t h a t t h e y o w n , J i n c l u d i n g t e p e e s , h o r s e s a n d a l l

p e r s o n a l b e l o n g i n g s .

P O T L A T C H E S

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I N D I A N G I V I N G

I n d i a n p e o p l e h a v e t h e i r o w n w a y s o f g i f t g i v i n g .

O f t e n e x c h a n g i n g g i f t s h e l p

a t r i b e t o t a k e c a r e f ; i

a l l o f i t s p e o p l e . L o n g a g o i t w a s p o s s i b l e t o m a k e

s u r e t h e p o o r , t h e o l d , t h e s i c k a n d t h o s e h a v i n g h a r d

t i m e s w o u l d b e t a k e n c a r e o f b e c a u s e o f g i f t g i v i n g

c e r e m o n i e s .

P e r s o n s o r f a m i l i e s . h o s t e d s u c h c e l e b r a t i o n s t o h o n o r

b o t h t h e l i v i n g a n d t h o s e w h o h a d d i e d . I t a l s o

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a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o r e c o g n i z e g o o d h u n t e r s w i t h g e n e r -

o u s h e a r t s o r f i n e a r t i s t s a n d c r a f t s m e n . O n t h e s e

o c c a s i o n s e v e r y m n e a t e , s a n g h o n o r i n g s o n g s , d a n c e d

a n d f e l t t h e l o v e a n d p r i d e o f t h e i r p e o p l e .

4 6 7

O n t h e N o r t h w e s t C o a s t f a m i l i e s h e l d p o t l a t c h e s . T h e

P o t l a t c h w a s a s i g n i f i c a n t s o c i a l e v e n t . A f a m i l y ' s

w e a l t h a n d s o c i a l s t a n d i n g w a s m e a s u r e d b y t h e

q u a n t i t y o f f o o d a n d g i f t s g i v e n a w a y t o o t h e r s .

F o o d c o n t a i n e r s a n d s e r v i n g i m p l e m e n t s w e r e i t e m s o f

s u p e r i o r c r a f t s m a n s h i p a n d f u n c t i o n a l b e a u t y .

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T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

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S h e w e n t b a c k i n . " H o I T s t a y

o v e r n i g h t h e r e . A f t e r

I s e e h e r i n t h e m o r n i n g I ' l l g o

h o m e . I a m g o i n g t o s l e e p

a n y w a y . "

M o r n i n g c a m e . H e

i a ;

d e r a g a i n . A g a i n h e f e l t t h e

s a m e w a y .

" H o y I ' l l s t a y u n t i l e v e n i n g . A f t e r

I s e e h e r I ' l l g o . "

M o r n i n g c a m e . H a y o C o y o t e

c o u l d n ' t s e e v e r y w e l l .

I t w a s l i k e t h e r e w a s f o g a l l o v e r a s

h e w a t c h e d t h e p e o p l e

c o o k i n g . H e r u b b e d h i s e y e s .

H e w a s g o i n g t o g e t u p , b u t

h e c o u l d n ' t . H e h a d b e e n l y i n g

t h e r e s e v e r a l d a y s n o t

d r i n k i n g o r e a t i n g . H e t r i e d t o s t a n d

b u t c o u l d n ' t .

H e r a i s e d h i s h e a d a n d t r i e d t o

b e n d b a c k w a r d s .

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C o y o t e a n d R a v e n

l d b y E n e a s P i e r r e

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O

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a c o u p l e o f r a v e n s f l y i n g

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" W h e r e d i d y o u g e t i t ? " C o y o t e s a i d

r u n n i n g a f t e r t h e R a v e n .

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A A A A

A A

I f t h e R a v e n s p o k e , C o y o t e k n e w h e

w o u l d d r o p w h a t h e h a d i n h i s m o u t h .

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V

4

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H e h a t e d t o g i v e i t u p .

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- - 8 1 1 1 1 P

C o y o t e k e p t a f t e r h i m .

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Z

1 1 1 1 1 . . . .

7

I F : 4 1 1 1 M

F i n a l l y , R a v e n s p o k e . H i s g r e a s e f e l l d o w n .

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\ , ' r h e

g r e a s e d i d n ' t g e t a c h a n c e t o h i t

t h e g r o u n d a n d C o y o t e s w a l l o w e d i t .

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R a v e n t o l d C o y o t e w h e r e t h e I n d i a n p e o p l e w e r e

h u n t i n g . " I d o n ' t k n o w w h e r e t h a t i s , " C o y o t e

s a i d , b u t I ' l l

s i n g m y s o n g

r i n d b y c h a n c e I ' l l g e t t h e r e . "

T h a t i s w h e r e t h e s t o r i e s t o l d b y S a l i s h e n d .

C o y o t e

c o n t i n u e d o n f r o m h e r e t o m a k e h i s w a y t o a n o t h e r

t r i b e .

E n e a s P i e r r e t h i n k s t h a t i t i s p r o b a b l y t h e N e z

P e r c e .

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F i r e t a l k

T H E W E A S E L A N D T H E E A G L E

C O Y O T E A N D R A V E N I A

A I M x i > T o s h a r e g o o d t h o u g h t t h r o u g h

g o o d t a l c

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

a s t o r y y o u k n o w w e l l e n o u g h t o t e l l

a c o m f o r t a b l e a r e a ( U s e y o u r i m a g i n a t i o n

P r e t e n d y o u a r e s i t t i n g a r o u n d a c a m p f i r e . )

a p a r t n e r t o t e l l y o u r s t o r y o r a 4 : p c r e c o

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T h e s e s t o r i e s a r e f r o m I n d i a n p e o p l e . N o o n e k n o w s

h o w m a n y w i n t e r s I n d i a n s h a v e b e e n o n t h i s g r o u n d .

C a m p f i r e s O a t w e r e l e f t b y t h e m a r e m a n y . T o d a y

m a n y I n d i a n a a r e r e t u r n i n g t o t h e c a m p f i r e s o f o l d .

A r o u n d t h o s e t a m p e r w e r e t o l d s o m e g o o d s t o r i e s .

M a y b e t h e f i r e

W I N

I

i = 4 9

a n o l d P e r s o n w a s t e l l i n g

a s t o r y . M a y b e s o m e $ 1 0 w e r e g a z i n g q u i e t l y i n t o

t h e s t o r y t h a t t h e o l d p e r s o n w a s t e l l i n g .

F i r e t a l k i s u s i n g t h e s t o r i e s t o l d a r o u n d o l d c a m p f i r e s .

I t i s t i m e t o b u i l d u p t h e f i r e s a n d r e t e l l t h e s t o r i e s .

o r b o t h

H e r e i s h o w :

' M I y o u r s t o r y t o y o u r f r i e n d a n d t a p e r e c o r d i t .

D i s c u s s w i t h y o u r p a y l e r w h a t y o u l i k e d a n d d i s

l i k e d a b o u t t h e s t o r y . J e c i d e w h a t c o u l d m a k e i t

b e t t e r . R e t e l l i t i f y o u n e e d t o .

T r y w r i t i n g d o w n y o u r s t o r y . M a y b e y o u c a n g e t

h e l p i r O m a n o l d e r s t u d e n t o s n a d u l t .

V I O W E I M I A Z i l q ; 4 7 1 i f , - ,

T H E W E A S E L A N D T H E E A G L E

C O Y O T E A N P R A V E N 1 B

S o m e T h e t a & i d e a *

a r - 4 ;

T h i n k a b o u t t h e s t o r y a b o u t t h e w e a s e l a n d t h e

T e l l a s t o r y a b o u t

a u n i q u e a d v e n t u r e y o u m a y

h a v e h a d . D e s c r i b e w h e r e

y o u w e r e , w h o y o u w e r e

k i t h , w h a t y o u

s a w a n d w h a t h a p p e n e d .

D e s c r i b e a p e r s o n y o u t h i n k i s u n i q u e . M U w h a t

m a k e s t h a t p e r s o n

s o s p e c i a l .

a

s t o r y a

t h o w 4 n a n i m a l ( l i k e t h e a l l i g a t o r )

c e a e t o J i v e w h r e i t d o e s .

E S E R V A T I O N S

P e o p l e b y t h e n i s e l v e s

a r e u n i q u e . P e o p l e i n g r o u p s a r e

a l s o u n i q u e . T h e y m a y d o t h i n g s t h a t

a r e d i f f e r e n t

f r o m w h a t o t h e r p e o p l e d o .

M a k e a l i s t o f a l l t h e w a y s

g r o u p s o f . p e o p l e a r e

u n i q u e . /

O n e w a y I n d i a n p e o p l e

m a y b e u n i q u e i s b e c a u s e s o m e

m a y l i v e o n r e s e r v a t i o n s .

A : , 1 j k o f I n d i a n p e o p l e s t i l l l i v e

o n r e s e r -

v a t i o n s , a l t h o u g h m a n y a l s o l i v e i n l a r g e

c i t i e s a n d i n s m a l l e r c o m m u n i t i e s o f f

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r e s e r v a t i o n s .

R e s e r v a t i o n s a r e s m a l l p a r c e l s o f l a n d

o n

w h i c h I n d i a n p e o p l e

w e r e s u p p o s e d t o

l i v e . A t f i r e ( 1 8 6 0 ' s ) t h e y

w e r e n o t

a l l o w e d t o l e a v e , n o t e v e n t o h u n t .

A l t h o u g h I n d i a n s

w e r e l i v i n g i n N o r t h

A m e r i c a l o n g b e f o r e C o l u m b u s a r r i v e d ,

t h e y w e r e n o t d e c l a r e d U n i t e d S t a t e s

c i t i z e n s u n t i l 1 9 2 4 . ' B e f o r e t h a t t i m e

r e s e r v a t i o n s

w e r e t h o u g h t o f a s f o r e i g n

n a t i o n s . B e c a u s e o f t h i s , t o d a y I n d i a n

p l f t a r e g u a r a n t e e d c e r t a i n r i g h t s

u s e o f t r e a t i e s m a d e w i t h t h e s e

s e p a r a t e I n d i a n n a t i o n s l o n g a g o .

) 2 7

5 2 8

Y O U M A Y R E P E A T T H I S F I R E T A L K F O R

A N Y O R A L L O F T H E S T O R I E S .

W r i t i n g S c r i p t

I A I M 3 1 4 > T o w r i t e d i a l o g u e a n d

a s c r i p t

D I A L O G U E

D i a l o g u e c o n s i s t s o f t h e e x a c t w a r * t h a t p e o p l e s a y

w h e n t h e y a r e t a l k i n g . W h e n y o u w r i t e w h a t p e o p l e

y , y o u p u t t h e t a l k w o r d s i n q u o t a t i o n m a r k s .

F i n d t h e d h l o g u o i n a s t o r y . R e a d t h r o u g h

t h e s t o r y a n d p u t a b i g m o u t h a r o u n d t h e

w o r d s t h a t c o m e o u t o f a c h a r a c t e r ' s m o u t h .

t h e c o w b o y r o d e o f f , h e t o l d c o y o t e ,

M O O S E H I D E R O B E W O M A N

C O Y O T E

G E T S L O V E S I C K

H V B G

I C R

O T H E R W O L F

1 3 A

A s c r i p t w r i t e r m u s t b e a b l e t o :

p u n c t u a t e c o r r e c t l y

v i s u a l i z e ( h a v e a c l e a r p i c t u r e i n h i s / h e r m i n d )

h a v e a d i f f e r e n t s e n s e o f t i m e a n d s p a c e

b e a b l e t o v i s u a l i z e t h e a c t i o n i n a s t o r y a n d w r i t e

i t i n p l a y f o r m

T h e j o b o f a s c r i p t w r i t e r i s t o m a k e a c t i o n s a n d d i a

l o g u e b e l i e v a b l e .

W r i t e a s c r i p t u s i n g s t o r y d i a l o g u e . S t a r t

4 1 1 1 4

a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f y o u r s t o r y a n d m a k e a

l i s t o f a l l t h e s e n t e n c e s t h a t a r e d i a l o g u e .

I n f r o n t o f e a c h s e n t e n c e , p u t t h e c h a r a c -

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N o w p u t a s m i l e o n e a c h m o u t h y o u m a d e b y

p u t t i n g q u o t a t i o n m a r k s a t t h e c o r n e r s o f e a c h

m o u t h .

A S C R I P T

P t

A s c r i p t i s w r i t t e n f o r p u p p e t p l a y s , s t a g e p l a y s ,

s c r e e n p l a y s o r a b r o a d c a s t . I t i s t h e s p o k e n w o r d s o f

5 2 9 t h e p l a y e r s i n w r i t t e n f o r m . A p e r s o n w h o w r i t e s f o r

t h e s e t h i n g s i s a s c r i p t w r i t e r .

t e r ' s n a m e t h a t i s d o i n g t h e t a l k i n g .

.

R e a d y o u r l i s t i n t o a t a p e r e c o r d e r a n d t h e n l i s t e n

t o i t . I s t h e s t o r y u n d e r s t o o d o r a r e p a r t s o f t h e

s t o r y n o t c l e a r ?

W r i t i n g s c r i p t i ; n o t l i k e w r i t i n g a s t o r y . I t i s l i k e

a c t i n g i t o u t . T o i m p r o v e y o u r d i a l o g u e t r y :

w a t c h i n g T V t o s e e w h a t p e o p l e s a y a n d h o w t h e y

s a y i t

a d d i n g a c t i o n s t o r e a c h c h a r a c t e r t o d o w h i l e

t a l k i n g

c h a n g i n g t h e d i a l o g u e t o i n c l u d e m o r e a c t i o n

w o r d s

5 3 0

r o l e p l a y i n g t h e s t o r y

M O O S E H I D E R O B E W O M A N

C O Y O T E A N D H I S B I G B R O T H E R W O L F

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

1 3 B

R O L E P L A Y I N G

R o l e p l a y i n g i s a c t i n g o u t a s t o r y w i t h o u t u s i n g w o r d s .

Y o u d o n o t h a v e t o h a v e

a s c r i p t . Y o u d o n o t h a v e t o

h a v e a w h o l e s t o r y .

I n a p l a y t h i n g s h a p p e n i n

a c e r t a i n o r d e r . T h e s t o r y

w i l l p r o b a b l y h a v e a b e g i n n i n g .

a m i d d l e a n d a n e n d .

I n a r o l e p l a y h o w e v e r , t h e r e

m a y b e o n l y a s i t u a t i o n

a n d o n e c h a r a c t e r .

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s g r o u p c h o o s e

o n e r o l e

p l a y o r s i t u a t i o n y o u w a n t t o s h o w t h e

c o u n c i l l o d g e . P i c k a s c e n e f r o m o n e o f t h e

s t o r i e s y o u h a v e r e a d . A c t i t o u t w i t h o u t

a f i s h i n a p o l l u t e d . s t r e a m

d i f f e r e n t c l o u d s

t r e e s a s t h e s e a s o n s c h a n g e

a s h y p e r s o n a n a c r o w d e d s t r e e t

a n i n v i s i b l e m a n

y o u r t e a c h e r

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w o r d s . S e e i f t h e o t h e r g r o u p s c a n

g u e s s

w h a t s t o r y i s b e i n g r o l e p l a y e d .

C H A R A C T E R M A T I O N

C h a r a c t e r s n e e d t o h a v e t h e i r o w n p e r s o n a l i t y ( c h e e r -

f u l , d u m b , s m a r t , b i o n i c , t r i c k y , s l y , g r o u c h y , a l e r t ,

t i r e d , e t c . ) . C h a r a c t e r s c a n g o t h r o u g h

a n u m b e r o f

e v e n t s b u t t h e i r p e r s o n a l i t y s h o u l d r e m a i n a b o u t t h e

s a m e . W h a t a c h a r a c t e r s a y s o r d o e s , t e l l s y o u a l o t

a b o u t t h e p e r s o n a l i t y o f t h i s c h a r a c t e r . C o p y i n g t h a t

p e r s o n o r t h i n g i s c a u l c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n .

5 3 1

I n y o u r F o u r W i n d s

g r o u p s , t a k e t u r n s

a c t i n g o u t s o m e d i f f e r e n t c h a r a c t e r s .

a c h a i n s m o k e r

a b u s i n e s s m a n

D o n ' t t a k e t o o m u c h t i m e o n y o u r f i r s t t r y . T r y a g a i n

a n d i t w i l l b e b e t t e r .

' m A y

"

A f t e r e a c h g r o u p f i n i s h e s , t a l k a b o u t w h a t

w a s l i k e d a b o u t t h e p e r f o r m a n c e . T h i s A i l l

h e l p a l l t h e a c t o r s k n o w w h a t e x p r e s s i o n s

o r a c t i o n s w e r e b e s t f o r t h a t s i t u a t i o n o r

s t o r y .

P u t i t a l l t o g e t h e r ( d i a l o g u e , s c r i p t , r o l e p l a y a n d

c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n ) . W r i t e a r o l e p l a y s i t u a t i o n o r

a

s t o r y s c r i p t . G i v e i t t o a n o t h e r f a m i l y t o r o l e p l a y .

5 3 2

P e

A I M 2 , 4 > T o m a k e p u p p e t s

A P A P E R P U P P E T

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

U s i n g a s q u a r e p i e c e o f p a p e r ,

M i l

f o l d c o r n e r s

e n v e l o p e s

g l u e

y

t o w a r d c e n t e r l i n e .

c o n s t r u c t i o n p a p e r

s c i s s o r s

s t u f f

C O V O T S A

T H E M O O *

H O W

T R I C K E D P O R C U P I N E -

C O Y O T E G E T S L O V E S I C K

2 0 A

A N O T H E R P A P E R P U P P E T

T u r n p a p e r o v e r .

F o l d c o r n e r t o w a r d s c e n t e r l i n e s a g a i n .

P u t y o u r h a n d i n t h e e n v e l o p e .

4

P r e s s t h e p a p e r b e t w e e n y o u r t h u m b a n d f o u r

f i n g e r s .

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H o l d t h e p u p p e t a s s h o w n .

P a p e r h a n d p u p p e t c a n b e a n y c h a r a c t e r y o u w a n t i t

t o b e .

5 3 3

A d d r e a l c h a r a c t e r t o y o u r n e w f r i e n d , u s i n g t h e

s t u f f y o u h a v e g a t h e r e d .

5 3 4

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C o y o t e ' s D r y M e a t T u r n s I n t o

L i v e D e e r

b a l d b y P e t e B e a v e r h e a d

I l l u s t r a t e d b y A n d y W o o d c o c k

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A

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* W O . 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 *

1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 6 '

t

a l b

o f

. 0 ,

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. 0 4 1 6 .

. . / I Y : " " " 1

I

( 4 4 "

. 0 - 0 0 "

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c r

o l d

1

I

\ O a t d P °

4 1 6

"

I I

I t

I

i # 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 / /

1 / 4 '

P i / s ; 4 f

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V P

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L V

4 r 4 A 4 i d r - < " `

f

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t i

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t A g t ) I t 1 i t a t

H O W D E E R H I D E W A S T A N N E D

O f f e r i n g - G o o d T h o u g h t s

C O Y O T E ' S D R Y M E A T T U R N S T O

L I V E D E E R 1 5 A

4 . . . . . . . 0 1 . 0 1 . 1 . M O I M M U M W O M M O M M I N I M O I N O P P I R I P O . ~

I N W I M I M M P I M O R O W .

A I M 3 1 . 1 > T o b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d t h e

p u r p o s e

o f a s w e a t l o d g e a n d h o w o n e c a n

o f f e r g o o d t h o u g h t s t o o t h e r s

S W E A T L O D G E

T h e s w e a t l o d g e i s u s e d m a i n l y b y t h e P l a i n s a n d

P l a t e a u t r i b e s a s a p u r i f i c a t i o n c e r e m o n y . A n e f f o r t

i s m a d e t o r e m o v e b a d t h o u g h t s f r o m t h e m i n d a n d

c l e a n s e t h e b o d y . P r a y e r s a n d s o n g s a r e o f f e r e d t o

t h e C r e a t o r a s i n d i v i d u a l s s i t i n t h e l o d g e .

T h e s w e a t l o d g e , m a d e f r o m w i l l o w b r a n c h e s , i s a s m a l l

d o m e - s h a p e d s t r u c t u r e . T h e f r a m e i s c o m p l e t e l y c o v -

e r e d u n t i l t h e r e i s n o l i g h t i n s i d e .

R o c k s a r e h e a t e d i n a f i r e o u t s i d e t h e s w e a t l o d g e

a n d c a r r i e d i n s i d e . W a t e r i s p o u r e d o v e r t h e h e a t e d

r o c k s c r e a t i n g h o t ' s t e a m i n s i d e t h e l o d g e . F o r t h i s

r e a s o n i t i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t a s w e a t l o d g e b e b u i l t n e a r

w a t e r .

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N o t a l l r o c k s c a n b e h e a t e d . S o m e m a y e x p l o d e .

D i s c u s s o t h e r c e r e m o n i e s w h i c h y o u m a y

k n o w o f w h i c h h e l p a p e r s o n c l e a n s e t h e

b o d y o r m i n d .

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F i t 1 0

 

i i

I

i

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/ 5 1 1 .

J U L 1 9 8 5

r . R E C E I V E D

s '

E R I C / C R E S S

4

t

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T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

( m i t ,

S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

C o y o t e a n d t h e C o w b o y

L e v e l I V B o o k 1 6

B y m e m b e r s o f t h e F o r t H a l l R e s e r v a t i o n C o m m i t t e e

M a x i n e E d m o , C o o r d i n a t o r

C h a r l e n e F a r m e r

I n e z M . E v e n i n g

C o r a P G e o r g e

A n d r e w P u n k i n , J r .

D o n n a M c A r t h u r

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T E T D A )

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M a g i c T r i c k s

A I M 2 4 > T o b e r e a l l y t r i c k y p e r s o n a n d

a m a z e y o u r f r i e n d s

C O Y O T E A N D T H E C O W B O Y S 2 2 A

C o y o t e w a s a p r e t t y t r i c k y c h a r a c t e r . H o w t r i c k y

c a n y o u b e ?

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

a c o i n ( p i c k l e )

S h o w t h e c o i n i n o n e h a n d . S h o w t h e o t h e r

h a i i d e m p t y .

R u b p a l m s a r o u n d o n s t o m a c h b u t d o n o t l e t t h e

p a l m s t o u c h e a c h o t h e r .

E x t e n d p a l m s o u t w a r d t o y o u r v i e w e r . T h e y w i l l

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P r e s s p a l m s t o s t o m a c h q u i c k l y , t h r o w i n g t h e

c o i n _ t o t h e o t h e r p a l m a n d c a t c h i n g i t . T h i s w i l l

r e q u i r e s o m e p r a c t i c e .

s e e t h e c o i n i n t h e

o p p o s i t e h a n d .

5 8 2

C O Y O T E A N D T H E C O W B O Y S 2 2 B

Y o u w i l l n e e d :

P u t t h e d e c k b a c k t o g e t h e r t h e w a y i t w a s t a k e n

a p a r t .

a d e c k o f c a r d s

P l a c e a s t a c k e d d e c k o f c a r d s b e f o r e y o u r

a u d i e n c e o f o n e o r t w o p e o p l e .

1

C u t t h e d e c k o f c a r d s a n y p l a c e y o u r a u d i e n c e

s u g g e s t s . Y o u s h o u l d g l a n c e a t t h e b o t t o m c a r d

o f t h e d e c k

y o u r h a n d a n d r e m e m b e r t h i s c a r d .

I t w i l l b e y o u r c u e c a r d .

I

/

F l i p t h e c a r d s o v e r o n e - b y - o n e v e r y q u i c k l y u n t i l

y o u s e e t h e c u e c a r d t h a t w a s o n t h e b o t t o m o f

t h e d e c k .

, \

P a u s e a n d s a y , " T h e n e x t c a r d i s t h e o n e y o u

s e l e c t e d . "

. * 1 .

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\

Y o u r a u d i e n c e s h o u l d d r a w t h e t o p c a r d o n t h e

t a b l e a n d l o o k a t t h e c a r d a n d r e m b e r i t .

T h e a u d i e n c e s h o u l d p l a c e t h e c a r d b a c k o n t h e

F l i p o v e r t h e n e x t c a r d . I t s h o u l d b e t h e o n e t h a t

d e c k .

t .

t h e a u d i e n c e w a s s u p p o s e d t o r e m e m b e r .

5 8 3

5 8 4

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L e v e l I V B o o k 1 7

0 8 6

5 8 7

T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

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N a a s J o u r n e y

L e v e l I V B o o k 1 7

, D e v e l o p e d b y t h e B l a c k f e e t I n d i a n s

W r i t t e n b y :

C a r m e n M a r c e a u

D o r i s O l d P e r s o n

J u n e T a t s e y

P a t r i c i a i l l i t s e y B a c h a u n

I l l u s t r a t e d b y M e l v i n T a i l f e a t h e r s

J o s e p h C o b u r n , D i r e c t o r

P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n P r o g r a m

N o r t h w e s t R e g i o n a l E d u c a t i o n a l L a b o r a t o r y

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N a p i i s a l e g e n d a r y f i g u r e i n t h e B l a c k f e e t I r d i a n c u l t u r e . H e

c a n d o a n y t h i n g a n d a n y t h i n g c a n

h a p p e n t o h i m . T h e r e a r e a

g r e a t n u m b e r o f s t o r i e s a b o u t h i m p a s s e d f r o m g e n e r a t i o n t o

g e n e r a t i o n .

T h e f o l l o w i n g s t o r y i s j u s t o n e o f t h e m a n y s t o r i e s t o l d . M a n y

t i m e s t h e r e a r e s e v e r a l v e r s i o n s . S o m e t h i n g s h a v e b e e n a d d e d

a n d o t h e r t h i n g s l e f t o u t .

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N a p i ' s J o u r n e y i s a n e x a m p l e o f a n I n d i a n w a y o f t e l l i n g

s t o r i e s . I t c o u l d b e a n e x a m p l e o f m a n y i n c i d e n t s o r s i t u a t i o n s

t h r o u g h o u t a l i f e t i m e . I t i s n o t n e c e s s a r y t o t e l l t h e s e s t o r i e s i n a

c e r t a i n o r d e r . V e r y o f t e n o n l y o n e o f t h e i n c i d e n t s o f N a p i ' s J o u r -

n e y m a y b e t o l d , p e r h a p s f o r

e n j o y m e n t o r t o e m p h a s i z e a c e r t a i n

l e s s o n a b o u t l i f e .

M u c h o f t h e i n f o r m a t i o n i n t h i s s t o r y h a s b e e n s h a r e d

b y

J o s e p h O l d C h i e f a n d a r r a n g e d b y t h e a u t h o r s . M a n y t h a n k s t o

a n d

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A f t e r N a p i g o t t o t h e h i l l , h e n o t i c e d t h e r e w a s a s p r i n g

o f w a t e r .

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Y e l l o w s m o k e b e g a n t o c o m e o u t H e p u t h i s h u r t i n g

f e e t i n t o t h e s p r i n g s

a n d b e g a n t o c o o l t h e m o f f . H e s t a r t e d t o c r y . L o o k i n g

t o w a r d t h e y e l l o w

s m o k e , h e s a i d , " C o u l d y o u h e l p m e o u t a n d g i v e m e s o m e

m o c c a s i n s ? "

R i g h t w h e r e h e w a s s i t t i n g , j u s t a h e a d o f h i m , a n o t h e r

c o l o r e d s m o k e

c a m e o u t a n d i t w a s

b l u e . A f t e r N a p i g o t t h r o u g h c r y i n g , h e

l o o k e d

a r o u n d . ' l b h i s a m a z e m e n t , a n o t h e r c o l o r e d s m o k e

a p p e a r e d , w h i c h

w a s r e d .

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O f i v i l o s i s s u r s a v o s e a s . . . .

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N a p i ' s f o o t w a s h u r t i n g e v e n w o r s e b e c a u s e h e k i c k e d t h e r o c k s .

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T h i s m a d e h i m e v e n m o r e a n g r y . H e k i c k e d t h e r e d r o c k a s h a r d a s h e

c o u l d . T h i s m a d e t h e r e d r o c k v e r y a n g r y . T h e r e d r o c k s a i d , " B r o t h e r ,

n o b o d y k i c k s m e . "

T h e r e d r o c k s t a r t e d t o c h a s e N a p i . I t r o l l e d a f t e r h i m f a s t e r a n d

f a s t e r . N a p i r a n a l o n g w a y . H i s f e e t w e r e h u r t i n g . H e w a s g e t t i n g

t i r e d

a n d h o t . H e t o l d t h e r o c k , " B r o t h e r , i f y o u q u i t c h a s i n g m e ,

I ' l l g i v e y o u m y

b u f f a l o r o b e . " N a p i j e r k e d o f f h i s b u f f a l o r o b e a n d t h r e w i t o n t h e r o c k .

T h e

r o c k s t o p p e d b y h i m .

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5 9 8

5 9 9

9

N a p i w a s s o t i r e d a n d h o t , h e w e n t a n d s a t o n a l i t t l e

h i l l t o r e s t .

W h i l e N a p i w a s r e s t i n g , h e d i d n ' t n o t i c e , b u t c l o u d s b e g a n t o

f o r m i n t h e

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s k y . S u d d e n l y i t b e g a n t o r a i n . H e t h o u g h t t o

h i m s e l f , " I t h i n k I ' l l j u s t g o

g e t m y r o b e f r o m m y b r o t h e r , t h e

r o c k , b e c a u s e I ' m g o i n g t o g e t a l l w e t . "

H e d i d n ' t c a r e a b o u t t h e r o c k . H e j e r k e d t h e b u f f a l o r o b e s o

q u i c k l y , t h e

r o c k t u r n e d u p s i d e d o w n . H e p u t t h e b u f f a l o r o b e o n .

A f t e r t h e r a i n a n d

h a i l s t o r m w e r e o v e r , t h e r o c k h a d l i t t l e h o l e s a l l o v e r

t h e b o t t o m o f i t .

T h a t ' s w h y w h e n y o u t u r n a r o c k o v e r , y o u w i l l

o f t e n s e e l i t t l e h o l e s i n t h e

b o t t o m o f t h e r o c k .

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r i r C t / T h e T h

1 1 : 8 1 1 6 )

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M a L A . f . f e - t ) r t 1

1 2

t v ) S i a a n a s 1 1 1 1 1 4 ~ n i t A l k -

r T h '

1 1 4 6 4 4 , c

' f t f t )

4 ' .

T h e r o c k t o l d N a p i , " Y o u t o o k y o u r b u f f a l o r o b e b a c k , a n d n o w I ' m

g o i n g t o c h a s e y o u . " N a p i g a v e t h e b u f f a l o r o b e b a c k t o t h e r o c k . H e t o o k

o f f a n d t h e r o c k s t a r t e d t o c h a s e h i m . T h e ' r o c k h a d m e d i c i n e . T h e

r o c k b e g a n t o g e t b i g g e r a n d b i g g e r a n d h e a v i e r a n d h e a v i e r . I t r o l l e d

f a s t e r a n d f a s t e r . A s N a p i w a s r u n n i n g , h e w a s l o o k i n g b a c k a t t h e r o c k .

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N a p i w a s g e t t i n g d r e a d f u l l y t i r e d a n d m u c h

m o r e f r i g h t e n e d . H e

w a s r e a l l y r u n n i n g f a s t . A s h e w a s s t i l l r u n n i n g a n d l o o k i n g b a c k , h e

r a n

i n t o a c l i f f . T h e w h o l e c l i f f f e l l d o w n

o n N a p i .

6 0 4

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a m a i s . . . . . i m n y m o n g s . . . . . .

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N a p i w e n t f a r a w a y . H e d i s c o v e r e d h e d i d n ' t h a v e a l l h i s h a i r . H e

g o t l o n e s o m e . H e d i d n ' t h a v e a n y c l o t h e s , j u s t h i s b r e e c h c l o t h . H e

t h o u g h t , " I ' m g o i n g b a c k t o m y b r o t h e r , t h e r o c k , a n d s e e i f I c a n g e t m y

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h a i r b a c k . " W h i l e h e w a s g o i n g b a c k , h e m e t t h e r o c k t h a t h a d m a g i c

m e d i c i n e . H e s a i d , " B r o t h e r r o c k , h a v e m e r c y o n m e s o I c a n h a v e g o o d

l u c k a g a i n . " N a p i s a i d , " M y b r o t h e r r o c k , i f y o u h a v e m e r c y o n m e a n d g i v e

m e m y r o b e a n d c l o t h e s b a c k ,

I ' l l h a v e m e r c y o n y o u . I ' l l g i v e y o u l u c k t h a t

i n y o u r f u t u r e t i m e , y o u a r e g o i n g t o s h i n e . " N a p i t o l d t h e r o c k , " Y o u a r e

g o i n g t o c h a n g e y o u r l o o k s . F r o m n o w o n w h e n i t r a i n s a n d c l e a r s u p a n d

t h e s u n s h i n e h i t s y o u , y o u a r e g o i n g t o b e d i f f e r e n t c o l o r s . " T h a t ' s w h y

s o m e r o c k s s h i n e n o w . T h e r o c k

h a d m e r c y a n d g a v e h i m t h e b u f f a l o r o b e

a n d h i s c l o t h e s b a c k .

" I F

. 1 1 1 1 = 1 1 . . -

_ 1 1 1 . -

o w ,

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y k f t i m m t i a a s

0 0 1 . 4 1 1 1 1 .

, d 4 6 u t t u i f r

6 O )

1 6 U O t t l ;

4 % 4

" A v l o r - -

i o t i u p g r . i . t a c

1 1 )

t i f f o i e k

s i k t ( i ' d

1 7

N a p i w e n t t o a n o t h e r r o c k a n d a s k e d t h e r o c k i f h e

c o u l d h a v e h i s

h a i r b a c k . T h e r o c k g a v e N a p i m o s t o f h i s h a i r b a c k . B u t s o m e

o f N a p i ' s

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h a i r w a s s t u c k o n t h e r o c k . T h a t ' s w h y s o m e r o c k s l o o k

l i k e t h e y h a v e h a i r

o n t h e m . W h e n

t h e r o c k w a s g i v i n g h i s h a i r b a c k t o N a p i , N a p i g o t

m a d a t

t h e r o c k . H e p i c k e d u p a s m a l l r o c k a n d w a s g o i n g t o

h i t t h e o t h e r r o c k .

W h e n h e t h r e w , h e m i s s e d a n d h i t h i s t h u m b . H e

k n o c k e d h i s t h u m b n a i l

o f f . T h a t ' s w h y w h e n y o u h i t y o u r f i n g e r n a i l s h a r d ,

t h e y c o m e o f f . T h i s i s

t h e r e s u l t o f s o m e o f N a p i ' s w o r k s .

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e t %

I V i

i i

T y s i o .

I I N N I 1 4 4 O S . . . .

6 1 2

1 3

1 9

N a p i w a s w a l k i n g a n d s a w h i s b r o t h e r t h e c o y o t e . T h e c o y o t e s a i d t o

N a p i , " C o u l d y o u h e l p m e o u t ? I c a n ' t s e e . " N a p i w a s i n

a b a d m o o d . H e

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t o o k s o m e d i r t a n d r u b b e d i t i n t h e c o y o t e s e y e s . T h a t ' s w h y w e g e t s o r e

e y e s n o w N a p i l e f t t h e c o y o t e a n d s t a r t e d t o w a l k a w a y . T h e c o y o t e s t a r t e d

t o s i n g a n I n d i a n s o n g . T h a t s o n g r e a l l y p i e r c e d N a p i ' s e a r s . H e c o u l d n ' t

k e e p w a l k i n g . H e h a d t o t u r n a r o u n d a n d g o b a c k a n d c l e a n t h e c o y o t e ' s

e y e s o u t .

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, f .

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T h e w o m a n t o l d N a p i , " P u t u p a t e p e e . " N a p i w e n t t o g e t t e p e e

p o l e s .

H e w o u l d p u t p o l e s u p a n d t h e n g o g e t s o m e m o r e

p o l e s . H e w o u l d l o s e t h e

o n e s h e

a l r e a d y p u t u p . H e h a d s e v e r a l s e t s o f t e p e e

p o l e s a s s e m b l e d i n

d i f f e r e n t p l a c e s . S h e s a i d , " H o w c o m e y o u h a v e s o m a n y

t e p e e s p u t u p ? "

N a p i t o l d h e r , " I p u t a l o t o f t e p e e s u p , s o y o u c a n

c h o o s e t h e o n e y o u w a n t . "

B u t N a p i w a s b l i n d a n d h e k e p t l o s i n g h i s

p o l e s . H e d i d n ' t w a n t t o t e l l h i s

w i f e h e w a s b l i n d .

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" a t m T o w n o v e m

N a p i t o l d h i s w i f e , " I ' m g o i n g t o m a k e a b e l t o u t o f d e e r h o o v e s s o I

c a n h e a r y o u w h e r e v e r y o u g o . " H e p u t t h e b e l t o n h i s

w i f e . H e t h e n t o l d

h i s w i f e , " L o o k a t m y h e a d . " W h i l e h i s w i f e w a s l o o k i n g a t h i s h e a d , N a p i

f e l l a s l e e p . H i s w i f e w o n d e r e d w h y h e w a s w e a r i n g t h a t b l i n d f o l d . S h e

t o o k t h e b l i n d f o l d o f f . A f t e r s h e k i f e i v h e r h u s b a n d d i d n ' t h a v e a n y e y e s ,

s h e b e c a m e a f r a i d o f h i m . S h e l e a p e d u p , d r o p p e d N a p i ' s h e a d , a n d r a n

2 6

a w a y .

6 2 0

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t b l e t v t o 4 s

r a u c c e v t o 4 *

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u p w h e n h i s h e a d c r a s h e d t o t h e g r o u n d . H e

j u m p e d u p ,

f e l t a r o u n d f o r h i s b l i n d f o l d

a n d b e g a n t o c h a s e h i s w i f e .

S h e w a s w e a r i n g

t h e h o o f b e l t . T h a t ' s h o w

N a p i k n e w w h e r e s h e

w a s g o i n g .

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H i s w i f e w a s g e t t i n g v e r y

t i r e d . B u t N a p i w a s r i g h t

b e h i n d h e r . S h e

d i d n ' t k n o w w h a t t o d o . S h e k e p t

r u n n i n g . H e r b e l t w a s m a k i n g a

l o t o f

n o i s e . S h e d e c i d e d t o t a k e h e r

b e l t o f f s o s h e u n t i e d i t . S h e r a n

s t r a i g h t

t o w a r d s o m e c l i f f s w h e r e a s w i f t

r i v e r w a s f l o w i n g i n t h e b o t t o m .

S h e

2 8

t h r e w t h e b e l t o v e r t h e c l i f f .

t i p . , .

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O a t i t v a l i a r u m i o n s t e r s . - -

N a p i t h o u g h t h i s w i f e

w a s s t i l l r u n n i n g . H e k e p t r u n n i n g a n d h e

r a n r i g h t o v e r t h e c l i f f s . H e f e l l d o w n i n t o t h e w a t e r b e s i d e t h e

h o o f b e l t .

H e f e l t a r o u n d f o r h i s w i f e b u t h e

f o u n d o n l y t h e h o o f b e l t . H e b e g a n

t o

f l o a t d o w n t h e r i v e r .

6 2 6

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a l o n g t h e r i v e r . I t

w a s s o m e m i c e

p l a y i n g a n d d a n c i n g i n s i d e a n e l k h e a d . N a p i

m a n a g e d t o

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p u l l h i m s e l f o u t o f t h e w a t e r . H e w e n t a n d s t u c k

h i s h e a d i n s i d e t h e e l k

h e a d . H e s a i d , " M y b r o t h e r , l e t m e b e l i k e y o u

a n d d a n c e . " T h e m i c e s a i d ,

" Y o u c a n ' t b e l i k e u s b e c a u s e w e d o n ' t

s l e e p . W e d a n c e a l l n i g h t . "

/ /

1 1 ( 4 ° 0 1 6 4 4 k

d i l i h t $ 1 1 / . . ,

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p k o r / - 4 4 4 1 / 4 4

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A f t e r N a p i f e l l a s l e e p , a l l t h e m i c e j u s t

l e f t h i m . H i s h e a d w a s s t i l l

i n s i d e t h e e l k ' s h e a d . W h e n N a p i w o k e u p ,

h e f e l t h i s h e a d . H e h a d a n e l k

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O M A N I

T A f t g r a i k n e g a l l . .

N a p i d i d n ' t g o v e r y f a r , a n d h e f e l l i n t o t h e r i v e r a g a i n . H e b e g a n t o

f l o a t d o w n t h e r i v e r . H e d i d n ' t f l o a t v e r y f a r w h e n h e c a m e t o t h e p l a c e

w h e r e s o m e o l d l a d i e s w e r e b y t h e r i v e r . T h e y l o o k e d u p a n d s a i d , " H e r e

c o m e s a b u l l e l k . L e t ' s g e t o u t o f h e r e H e m i g h t h o o k u s " T h e y w e r e s o

s c a r e d , t h e y r a n a l l t h e w a y b a c k t o c a m p . T h e y t o l d t h e m e n , " T h e r e i s a n

e l k s w i m m i n g d o w n t h e r i v e r "

6 3 3

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T h e m e n r u s h e d t o t h e r i v e r . T h e y f o u n d t h e e l k h u n g u p o n t h e r i v e r

b a n k . T h e y p u l l e d h i m o u t . T h e y s t a r t e d p o u n d i n g o n t h e e l k h e a d t r y i n g

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t o b r e a k i t u p . T h e y f i n a l l y p u l l e d t h e h e a d o f f . T h e n t o

t h e i r s u r p r i s e , t h e y

r e c o g n i z e d N a p i . T h e m e n t o o k t h e e l k h e a d . T h a t ' s w h y p e o p l e u s e

e l k

h e a d s t o h a n g h a t s a n d o t h e r t h i n g s o n . T h e y h a n g t h e e l k h e a d s a n d

h o r n s u p a s d e c o r a t i o n s .

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w e r e g o i n g

t o h a v e a n I n d i a n d a n c e . T h e y w a n t e d h i m a s t h e l e a d e r . T h e o l d l a d i e s

w e r e g e t t i n g t h e f a t a n d d r y m e a t r e a d y . T h e y w e r e c u t t i n g t h e f a t a n d d r y

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m e a t i n t h i n l a y e r s a n d h a n g i n g i t u p t o d r y . N a p i w a s r e a l l y h u n g r y . N a p i

a n d a l l t h e m e n w e r e g e t t i n g t h e i r h e a d d r e s s e s a n d o t h e r t h i n g s r e a d y f o r

t h e d a n c e . S o n i c u s e d e a g l e f e a t h e r s a n d s o m e u s e d p o r c u p i n e h a i r . N a p i

h a d a n i d e a f o r h i s h e a d d r e s s . W h i l e h e w a s w o r k i n g ; h e m a d e

a n e a g l e

f e a t h e r t h e s h a p e o f a s w o r d . I t w a s r e a l l y s h a r p .

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T h e d a n c e w a s r e a d y t o s t a r t . N a p i b e g a n t o s i n g a n I n d i a n s o n g . H e

s t a r t e d t o l e a d t h e d a n c e . H e m a d e a l l t h e m e n c l o s e t h e i r e y e s w h i l e t h e y

d a n c e d .

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N a p i d a n c e d c l o s e t o w h e r e t h e f a t a n d d r y m e a t w e r e h a n g i n g . E a c h

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t i n e h e w o u l d g o b y , h e w o u l d s t a b t h e f a t w i t h h i s f e a t h e r t h a t l o o k e d l i k e

a s w o r d . T h e g r e a s e w o u l d r u n d o w n h i s f e a t h e r a n d i n t o h i s m o u t h . A f t e r

N a p i h a d a l l t h e g r e a s e o u t o f t h e f a t , h e q u i t d a n c i n g . H e w a s s o f u l l , h e

w a s a l m o s t r e a d y t o b u r s t . H e t o l d t h e o t h e r d a n c e r s t h e y c o u l d o p e n t h e i r

e y e s a n d q u i t d a n c i n g . T h e d a n c e w a s a l l o v e r . E v e r y o n e w a s h a p p y . N o w

w h e n y o u h a n g f a t u p , i t b e c o m e s d r y . N a p i c a u s e d t h a t b y h i s d a n c e a n d

h i s f e a t h e r . N o o r

N a p i w a s a l l t h r o u g h . H e l e f t t h e p e o p l e a n d w e n t o n

w a l k i n g .

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A a t i / p A t i l " ' L

N a p i m e t t h e c o y o t e a g a i n . H e t o l d t h e c o y o t e , " M y b r o t h e r , y o u a r e

g o i n g t o h a v e t h e p r e t t i e s t v o i c e . " T h a t ' s w h y t h e c o y o t e h a s a p r e t t y v o i c e

4 2

w h e n h e h o w l s . H e l e f t t h e c o y o t e .

6 4 6

6 4 5

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N a p i s a w s o i n e r a i n i n g b i r d s a l o n g t h e w a y . H e \ v e n t o v e r t o t h e m t o

s e e w h a t t h e y w e r e d o i n g H e

w a t c h e d f f ) r a w h i l e . F i n a l l y , N a p i a s k e d .

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" R a i n i n g B i r d s , w i l l y o u t e a c h i n c t o d o w h a t y o u a r e d o i n g ' ? " T h e r a i n i n g

b i r d ' s e y e s w o u l d c o m e o u t a n d t h e y w o u : d g o h a d i n . N a p i \ v o u l d m a k e

h i s e y e s g o o u t a n d t h e n c o m l . : b a c k . N a p i k e p t o n t r y i n g t h i s . E a c h t i m e

h i s e v e s w o u l d g o a l i t t l e f a r t h e r . N a p i w a s l a u g h i n g a n d t h e r a i n i n g b i r d s

w e r e l a u g h i n g . H e d i d t h i s o n c e m o r e a n d

h e l o s t h i s e y e s a g a i n . T h e y

s t u c k i n a t r e e ' I n d N a p i c o u l d n ' t f i n C 4 t h e t r e e . T h a t ' s w h y s o m e p e o p l e l o s e

t h e i r e y e s i g h t . A l s o , t h a t i s 1 1 ) 8 , v t r e e s g o t e y e s o r k n o t s , f r o m N a p i l e a v i n g

h i s e y e s i n t h e t r e e . N a p i g o t t o o c a r e l e s s .

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i ( 1 1

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" B r o t h e r , y o u c a n ' t s e e a n d I c a n ' t s e e . W e a r e g o i n g t o g e t o u r e y e s i g h t .

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b a c k . I ' m g o i n g t o g i v e y o u s o m e e y e s . ' T h e y c o n t i n u e d w a l k i n g . T h e y m e t

t h e f o x . N a p i a s k e d t h e f o x , " C a n I h a v e y o u r e y e s ' ? " T h e f o x g a v e N a p i h i s

e y e s . T h e n t h e f o x v . L s s i t t i n g t h e r e o n a l i t t l e h i l l w i t h n o e y e s . N a p i t o l d

t h e f o : / . t h a t h e w o u l d g i v e h i m s t o n e e y e s . N a p i g a v e t h e f o x s t o n e e y e s .

T h a t ' s w h y t h e r e a r e d i f f e r e n t c o l o r e d e y e s t o d a y , g r e e n , b l u e , r e d , a n d

b r o w n .

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p a i n t s a n d b r u s h e s

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S o m e m i n e r a l s a n d p l a n t s c o n t a i n t h e c o l o r ( p i g m e n t )

t h a t c a n d y e o r s t a i n m o s t t h i n g s . I n d i a n s u s e d p a i n t s

t o i m p r o v e t h e i r p e r s o n a l a p p e a r a n c e a n d p r o t e c t

t h e m s e l v e s f r o m s u n , w i n d , s n o w

o r i n s e c t s . F a c e s .

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h o u s e h o l d o b j e c t s w e r e p a i n t e d .

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p e n s : d e r .

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: \ H o w m i x t u r e t o d r y t h o r o u g h l y a n d t h e n s t o r e .

A d d h o t w a t e r t o t h e d r y p i g m e n t t o

u s e .

N A M ' S J O U R N E Y 2 3 A

P A I N T B R U S H E S

O n e t y p e o f b r u s h u s e d b y p l a i n s I n d i a n s

w a s m a d e

f r o m t h e h i p b o n e , o r s h o u l d e r b l a d e o f a B u f f a l o . T h i s

b o n e h a d m a n y s m a l l h o l e s i n i t . T h e h o l e s a b s o r b e d

t h e p a i n t a n d f l o w e d o u t w h e n a p p l i e d t o a s u r f a c e .

O n t h e c o a s t , b r u s h e s

v e r e m a d e b y p l a c i n g t h e ' f i b e r .

l i k e l i n i n g o f c e d a r b a r k b e t w e e n t w o f l a t s l a t s o f

w o o d .

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P l a n t D y e s

C r u s h f l o w e r p e t a l s . S c r a p e a n d c r u s h

s t e m s . ( ' h o p r o o t s .

S o a k t h e p l a n t s i n w a t e r . T h e c o l o r i s w e a k e r w h e n

d i l u t e d w i t h a l o t o f w a t e r .

B o i l p l a n t s i n s e p a r a t e p a n s , w a t c h i n g f o r t h e d e

s i r e d c o l o r . T h i s m a y t a k e

h o u r t o e ) h o u r s .

S t r a i n t h e d y e , A d d s a l t .

C o n t a i n e r s o f v a r i o u - ; m a t e r i a l s w e r e m a d e t o h o l d

p a i n t s a n d p a i n t b r u s h e s . A n i m a l b l a d d e r s

w e r e p r o b -

a b l y t h e m o s t p o p u l a r . A s i m p l e k i n d o f b a g i s s h o w n

o n t h e h a c k o f t h i s c a r d .

B u c k s k i n b a g s w e r e i n u s e t h r o u g h o u t t h e N o r t h w e s t .

A n e a s y p o u c h c a n b e m a d e b y f i l l i n g

a l a r g e p i e c e o f

l e a t h e r , c a n v a s o r c l o t h w i t h y o u r t h i n g s . ( ' i n c h i t

t i g h t l y w i t h a p i e c e o f c o r d o r l e a t h e r t h o n g .

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d r a w s t r i n g

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a w l

o r l e a t h e r h o l e p u n c h

( j u t 2 p i e c e s o f t h e p a t t e r n a b o v e

a l d s e w

a l o n g t h e s t i t c h e s s h o w n . T h i s

s e a m s h o u l d

b e a t l e a s t 1 - 1 1 i n c h e s f r o m t h e o u t e r e d g e

o f t h e p a t t e r n t o a l l o w f o r f r i n g e s . A l a r g e r

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H o w D e e r H i d e W a s T a n n e d

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O u r H o m e T h e n a n d N o w

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p e o p l e l i v e d i n t u l e m a t h u t s . S o m e o f

e a

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/

m a r s h y p l a c e s a l o n g t h e r i v e r , t o c u t , t h e

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p l a y i n g a l o n g t h e r i v e r . W e c a u g h t f i s h

w h i l e t h e w o m e n c u t t h e t u l e .

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. . . N o W I .

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% V o w " .

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b o u n d t u l e m a t s w e r e

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l a r g e r h o u s e t o l i v e i n d u r i n g

t h e w i n t e r . T h i s h o u s e w a s

m a d e o f f i r p o l e s . T u l e m a t s

w e r e f a s t e n e d t o g e t h e r i n

l a y e r s o n t o p o f t h e p o l e s . T h e

f i r e s f o r c o o k i n g a n d h e a t i n g

w e r e b u i l t i n t h e c e n t e r o f

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T h e t u l e w a s c u t i n t h e f a l l o f t h e y e a r a n d t i e d i n t o

b u n d l e s , k e e p i n g

t h e m a s s t r a i g h t a s p o s s i b l e w h i l e t h e y d r i e d .

T h e t u l e m a t w a s m a d e b y c u t t i n g t h e t u l e a l l

t h e s a m e l e n g t h . T h e n i t

w a s s e w n t o g e t h e r a n d

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.

i e t o w h a t e v e r l e n g t h a p e r s o n w i s h e d . T h e

l e n g t h

d e p e n d e d o n w h a t e v t . * l e y w e r e b e i n g m a d e f o r .

T h e y w e r e v e r y u s e f u l .

T h e t u l e m a t s w e r e u s e d i n m a k i n g t h e l o n g h o u s e . T h e

l o n g h o u s e i s a

p l a c e w h e r e c o u n c i l t a l k s , s o c i a l d a n c e s , f u n e r a l s , a n d o t h e r e v e n t s a r e

h e l d , a s w e l l a s r e l i g i o u s c e r e m o n i e s .

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m a t d u r i n g t h e c e r e m o n y .

B e f o r e t h e c o m i n g o f t h e c o f f i n , o u r p e o p l e u s e d t h e t u l e m a t t o w r a p

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a r o u n d t h e d e a d p e r s o n b e f o r e p u t t i n g t h e b o d y i n t o t h e g r o u n d .

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u p . W e l e f t t h e p o l e s ,

b r a n c h e s , a n d m a t s t i e d t o g e t h e r i n a t r e e s o t h e y w o u l d b e

t h e r e t o p u t u p a g a i n n e x t w i n t e r .

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h i l l s . H e r e

t h e y w o u l d d i g t h e r o o t s a n d p i c k b e r r i e s t o b e p r e p a r e d f o r w i n t e r

f o o d s u p p l y .

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i n t h e

m o u n t a i n s . I n t h e h o u s e w a s a w o o d s t o v e t o c o o k o n . W e s p e n t o u r

d a y s p i c k i n g

b e r r i e s ' a n d g a t h e r i n g r e e d s a n d g r a s s e s f o r m a k i n g b a s k e t s .

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l b d a y , w e l i v e i n a b i g h o u s e , s i x o r s e v e n

r o o m s . R u n n i n g w a t e r N o m o r e

c a r r y i n g w a t e r f r o m t h e r i v e r W e

e v e n h a v e l i g h t s a n d h e a t f r o m w i r e s c a l l e d

e l e c t r i c i t y M o s t o f o u r f o o d i s a l r e a d y c o o k e d w h e n w e b u y i t f r o m a s t o r e . T h e r e

a r e m i c

'

w a v e o v e n s t h a t c o o k f o r u s , w a s h i n g m a c h i n e s t h a t w a s h c l o t h e s f o r

u s , d i s h i r a s h e r s t h a t w a s h d i s h e s f o r u s .

7 : , . _ 2 7 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ` , 7 - '

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N o m o r e d o w e h e a r t h e f i r s t m o r n i n g c a l l o f t h e b i r d o r l i s t e n f o r t h e c a l l o f

t h e w i l d e l k . N o m o r e d o w e l i s t e n t o f i n d w a t e r , a n d h e a r i t a s i t g u r g l e s m e r r i l y

a l o n g i t s w a y t o t h e g r e a t w a t e r s . N o w , w e h e a r t h e s t e r e o , t h e c a s s e t t e , o r

t h e r a d i o .

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O U R H O M E S T H E N A N D N O W

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A I M 1 1 1 4 >

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o f N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n h o m e s

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t h e c o a s t b u i l t p e r m a n e n t h o u s e s m a d e o f c e d a r p l a n k s .

T h e s e r e c t a n g u l a r h o u s e s

w e r e 4 0 t o 1 0 0 f e e t i n l e n g t h

a n d 1 4 t o 2 0 f e e t w i d e . S m o k e h o l e s a n d

a s i n g l e d o o r

w e r e t h e o n l y o p e n i n g s . S e v e r a l f a m i l i e s l i v e d i n t h e

l o n g h o u s e . E a c h f a m i l y b a d i t s

o w n c o o k i n g f i r e .

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s p a c e c e n t e r e d

a r o u n d t h e f i r e .

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T U L E . M A T H O U S E

S o m e C o a s t a l a n d P l a t e a u t r i b e s m a d e s m a l l e r

s u m m e r

h o m e s a n d . l a r g e r w i n t e r h o m e s f r o m t u l e m a t s . A

t r e n c h w a s d u g a n d a f r a m e w a s m a d e f r o m w i l l o w

o r

f i r p o l e s . T h e m a t s

w e r e t i e d t o t h e f r a m e a n d l a y e r e d

f o r w a r m t h . S o m e t i m e s t h e y

w e r e a l s o c o v e r e d w i t h

a n i m a l h i d e s . T h e c o o k i n g a n d h e a t i n g f i r e s

w e r e b u i l t

i n t h e c e n t e r o f t h e d i r t f l o o r .

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T h e t e p e e w a s a n i d e a l d w e l l i n g f o r I n d i a n s o f t h e

P l a i n s . P l a i n s I n d i a n s f o l l o w e d t h e g r e a t h e r d s o f

c o n s t a n t l y m o v i n g b u f f a l o . T h e p o r t a b l e t e p e e s t r u c -

t u r e m a d e i t e a s i e r f o r a w h o l e c a m p t o m o v e . T h e

s i z e a n d u s e o f a t e p e e d e t e r m i n e d t h e n u m b e r o f b u f -

f a l o h i d e s a n d t e p e e p o l e s n e e d e d t o m a k e t h e t e p e e

c o v e r . T h e i n t e r i o r s w e r e o f t e n l i n e d w i t h p a i n t e d

t e p e e l i n e r s o f w i l l o w b a c k r e s t s , p i l l o w s o a b e d s p r e a d s .

' l b p e e c o v e r s w e r e o f t e n p a i n t e d . O t h e r t e p e e o r n a -

m e n t s w e r e m a d e f o r t h e e x t e r i o r . T h p e e s a r e s t i l l

u s e d t o d a y , e s p e c i a l l y d u r i n g P o w W o w t i m e .

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p o s t s .

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A P *

t h e t e p e e f l a p s a n d t h e s m o k e h o l e .

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a l o n g t h e d o t t e d l i n e .

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c o n e s h a p e .

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H o w D e e r H i d e W a s T a n n e d

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H u n t i n g w a s a m a i n p a r t o f I n d i a n l i f e . T h e d e e r

w a s a v e r y

p r e c i o u s a n i m a l t o t h e p e o p l e . T h e h i d e s

w e r e u s e d f o r b l a n k e t s a n d

c l o t h i n g . T h e b o n e s

w e r e u s e d f o r t o o l s a n d n e e d l e s f o r s e w i n g . T h e

I n d i a n s u s e d e v e r y p a r t o f t h e d e e r a n d a t e t h e

m e a t w h i c h c o u l d f e e d

a l o t o f p e o p l e .

T h e m e n o f t h e t r i b e w h o

w e r e c h o s e n f o r h u n t e r s t o o k t h e

y o u n g b o y s t o l e a r n t o h u n t .

I .

4 . e

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- E Z : 7 4 . 7

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4 4

T h e d e e r h i d e s w e r e t a n n e d t o

m e w a r m

c l o t h e s f o r t h e w i n t e r . T h e

h i d e s w e r e f i r s t s o a k e d i n w a t e r f o r

t h r e e o r f o u r d a y s , o r l o n g e n o u g h s o

t h e h a i r w o u l d c o m e o f f t h e h i d e e a s i l y .

T h e h a i r w a s s c r a p e d o f f w i t h a

s c r a p e r . T h e

o t h e r s i d e w a s a l s o

s c r a p e d c l e a n o f a l y p i e c e s o f m e a t

a n d f a t .

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T h e d e e r h i d e

w a s t h e n p u t i n t o a

c o n t a i n e r a n d s o a k e d w i t h t h e b r a i n s

o f t h e d e e r . I t

w a s s o a k e d u n t i l i t w a s

s o f t . T h e d e e r h i d e

w a s t h e n t a k e n o u t

o f t h e s o a k i n g s o l u t i o n a n d w r a p p e d

a r o u n d a t r e e . T h e h i d e

w a s w r u n g o u t

a s d r y a s i t c o u l d b e . T h i s s o m e t i m e s

4 1 )

t o o k h a l f a n h o u r , d e p e n d i n g o n t h e

t h i c k n e s s o f t h e h i d e . A f t e r i t

w a s u n -

w o u n d a n d w r u n g o u t d r y , i t

w a s r e a d y

t o b e p u t o n t h e t a n n i n g f r a m e .

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T h e h i d e w a s s t r e t c h e d a n d l a c e d

o n a f n u r g , .

I t w a s 4 _

J k e d g e n t l y w i t h a

b l u n t s t i c k o r d e e r a n t l e r t o s o f t e n t h e

h i d e . T h i s w a s d o n e v e r y c a r e f u l l y i n

o r d e r n o t t o p o k e a h o l e t h r o u g h t h e

h i d e . T h e w o m e n p o k e d i t u n t i l i t w a s

d r y . A f t e r i t w a s d r y , i t w a s u n l a c e d a n d

t a k e n o f f t h e f r a m e .

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T h e h i d e w a s t h e n

s e w n u p o n e s i d e , l e a v i n g b o t h

e n d a p e i l -

T h e h i d e w a s h u n g

o v e r a l o w f i r e o f c o a l s . A c e r t a i n k i n d o f w o o d

w a s b u r n e d t o s m o k e t h e h i d e . I t w a s s m o k e d t o t h e d e s i r e d c o l o r .

F i n a l l y t h e h i d e

w a s r e a d y t o c u t a n d s e w i n t o m o c c a s i n s o r s h i r t s

o r a b u c k s k i n d r e s s .

. . " . . ' 7 ; 2

. 1 .

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4 .

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B e r i n g G o o d

T h o u g h t s

A I M

I F I >

f r o b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d t h e

p u r p o s e

o f a s w e a t l o d g e a n d h o w

o n e c a n

o f f e r g o o d t h o u g h t s

t o o t h e r s

C O Y O T E A N D T I C K

H O W D E E R H I D E W A S T A N N E D

C O Y O T E ' S D R Y M E A T T U R N S

T O

L I V E D E E R I D A

S W E A T L O D G E

T h e s w e a t l o d g e i s u s e d

m a i n l y b y t h e P l a i n s a n d

P l a t e a u t r i b e s

a s a p u r i f i c a t i o n c e r e m o n y . A n e f f o r t

i s m a d e t o

r e m o v e b a d t h o u g h t s f r o m O s e m i n d a n d

c l e a n s e t h e b o d y . P r a y e r s a n d

s o n g s a r e o f f e r e d t o

t h e C r e a t o r

a s i n d i v i d u a l s s i t i n t h e l o d g e .

T h e s w e a t l o d g e , m a d e f r o m

w i l l o w b r a n c h e s , i s

a s m a l l

d o m e - s h a p e d s t r u c t u r e . T h e

f r a m e i s c o m p l e t e l y

c o v -

e r e d u n t i l t h e r e i s

n o l i g h t i n s i d e .

R o c k s a r e h e a t e d i n

a c u e o u t s i d e t h e s w e a t l o d g e

a n d c a r r i e d i n s i d e . W a t e r

i s p o u r e d & e r t h e h e a t e d

r o c k s c r e a t i n g h o t

s t e a m i n s i d e t h e l o d g e . F o r t h i s

r e a s o n i t i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t

a s w e a t l o d g e b e b u i l t n e a r

w a t e r .

N o t a l l r o c k s

c a n b e h e a t e d . S o m e m a y e x p l o d e .

D i s c u s s o t h e r c o m m o d e s w h i c h

y o u m a y

k n o w o f w h i c h h e l p

a p e r s o n ' c l e a n s e t h e

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4 " .

b o d y o r m i n d ,

a o

1 1 1 0 m m e i f t o l u m m o l O P M . W

-

-

i t i 4 A + 7 7 : ,

:

^

C O Y O T E A N D T I C K

H O W D E E R H I D E W A S T A N N E D

C O Y O T E ' S D R Y M E A T T U R N S T O

L I V E D E E R 1 5 B

L I T T L E W A Y S T O O F F E R G O O D

T H O U G H T S

O n e w a y o f o f f e r i n g g o o d t h o u g h t s

i s t o l e t t h e p e o p l e

y o u c a r e a b o u t k n o w h o w m u c h t h e y

a r e a p p r e c i a t e d .

C o n s i d e r a l l t h e p e o p l e w h o h e l p m a k e

y o u r s c h o o l o r

c l a s s r o o m a g o o d p l a c e t o b e .

Y o u m i g h t t r y t o d o

s o m e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g t h i n g s :

W h e n p a r e n t s , e l d e r s

o r o t h e r g u e s t s v i s i t ,

t r y t o m a k e t h e m f e e l c o m f o r t a b l e . I f

p o s -

s i b l e , o f f e r c o f f e e o r

a b i t e t o e a t . A c u s t o m

o f m a n y t r i b e s i s t o m a k e

s u r e v i s i t o r s d o

n o t g o a w a y h u n g r y .

W h e n s o m e o n e p l e a s e s

y o u , l e t t h e m k n o w a b o u t

i t .

S o m e t i m e s w e t a k e p e o p l e f o r g r a n t e d . L e t p e o p l e

k n o w y o u c a r e b y r e m e m b e r i n g t h e m

o n b i r t h -

S E N D A N O T E

L e t ' s s a y a b a s k e t m a k e r

c o m e s t o y o u r c l a s s t o s h o w

y o u b a s k e t s . I f t h e y s p e a k a l a n g u a g e o t h e r t h a n

E n g l i s h , m a y b e

y o u r n o t e c o u l d b e w r i t t e n i n t h e i r

l a n g u a g e . A n o t e w r i t t e n

o n a b a s k e t d e s i g n w o u l d

b e r e m e m b e r e d a n d m a k e t h a t

p e r s o n f e e l g o o d f o r

w h a t t h e y h a d t a u g h t

y o u .

d b .

7 . - - - - '

. . . - - . ,

i * , ; ;

- , . . , ' ;

/

A e - i - . 1

- 1 . - n r c o i s

A n "

' 1 - . , - m i r 1 1 . . . . . , t . - - - ? i

T T Y

6 - 1

7 1 , 7 1 ; . . . . . . .

. a / I r r ;

1 1 7 1 1 4 2 1 1 x s f , V i i t r i f

. 2 1 " P i r t i r o g r 4 1 r - - - 4

i n r i v e i

i m i l t r i n s . i s e

r - - - - w y j i l

r t C i r w

.

I L I

1

t i r s i i

l l I f Y i t ,

i r t I t t l t

1 % I r a , k

, , . , , , , , , ,

. .

t :

1

r e ' s

V 1 1 1 4 r w s f i r

I i r W "

l i n k ? ,

f l p l k f l

p i t

I r t l l e I t i t

2 ) 1 1

N o t

r y a r

A u

r i =

I D 0

I Z A L a . A l i t \ e i r i .

D e a r

T h a n k y o u f o r

b r i n g i n g y o u r

b a s k e t s .

C o m e

A g a i n '

i m p O r e d e

D e a r

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d a y s o r C h r i s t m a s . S e n d t h e m c a r d s w h e n

t h e y

i l l .

W h e n s o m e o n e

w e l o v e o r d e p e n d o n m i s s e s a d a y ,

l e t t h e m k n o w y o u r e a l l y m i s s e d t h e m .

W r i t e a n o t e o r l e t t e r t h a n k i n g p e o p l e w h o

g a v e

t h e i r t i m e f o r y o u . T h i s i s

a n i c e w a y o f t e l l i n g

p e o p l e y o u a p p r e c i a t e t h e m .

i s .

1 0 C O

\ / '

W h a t k i n d o f t h a n k

y o u n o t e w o u l d b e g o o d t o s e n d

t o t h e f o l l o w i n g p e o p l e ?

j a n i t o r

t e a c h e r a i d e

p o t t e r

b e a d w o r k e r

t r i b a l o f f i c i a l

g r a n d p a r e n t

q u i l t m a k e r

d r u m m e r

b u s d r i v e r

c o o k

° P . " , "

7 . ` " c

e

C .

T h e I n d i a n

* R e a d i n g

S e r i e s

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L e v a l I V B o o k 1 9

1 : : 7 - 1 1 T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

l i t ; 1 1 1 1

S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

T e p e e M a k i n g

L e v e l I V B o o k 1 9

D e v e l o p e d b y t h e K o o t e n a i C u l t u r a l C o m m i t t e e

o f t h e C o n f e d e r a t e d S a l i s h a n d K o o z e r t a i T r i b e s

C l e o K e n m i l l e , C o o r d i n a t o r

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G l e n J a m e s

V e r n a J a m e s , 1 1 1 e s : r o t o r

M a d e l i n e C o u t u r e

S a r a h B u f t o n

S o p h i e M a t t

S a r a h E n e a s

P a t r i c i a H e w a n k o r n

J o s e p h A n t i s t e , C o n s u l t a n t

A g n e s K e n m i l l e , C o n s u l t a n t

D e b b i e J o s e p h , l l u s t r a t o r

H o w a r d K a l l o w a t , J r . , I l l u s t r a t o r

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4 .

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i d .

_ . . 2 . _

- - - - , . . . - - -

- - . . -

\ N . ,

;

, . . ' - 1 , , I . ,

' k r . 7 '

' . . . ,

- . . . .

z a - A i f t - : ; - - ' ' ' ' * ' - - - -

4 . 4 . -

r i p . 4 -

- , . . . - 1 . ,

1 , 7 - -

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W h e n t h e s e w i n g i s d o n e , t h e w o m e n w i l l c h e c k t h e s h a p e a n d

s i z e o f t h e t e p e e . T h e b a c k o f t h e t e p e e s h o u l d b e

a l i t t l e s h o r t e r t h a n

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L o d g e p o l e p i n e t r e e s

a r e u s e d f o r t e p e e p o l e s . T h e b r a n c h e s a x e ;

c u t o f a n d t h e b a r k i s p e e l e d f r o m t h e

t r e e s . T h e p o l e s s h o u l d b e t o

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A b o v e t h e d o o r a p e n g t h e r e a r e t w o r o w s o f h o l e s . W o o d e n

p e g s a r e p u t t h r o u g h t h e

h o l e s t o c l o s e t h e t e p e e .

K o o t e n a i t e p e e s t o d a y a r e n o t p a i n t e d

a s t h e y w e r e y e a r s a g o .

T h e K o o t e n a i I n d i a n s p a i n t e d a n i m a l s a n d b i r d s

o n t h e i r t e p e e s . T h e

k i n d o f a n i m a l p a i n t e d

o n a t e p e e m e a n t t h e o w n e r ' s s p i r i t w a s l i k e

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t h a t p a r t i c u l a r a n i m a l . I t

m a y h a v e b e e n a b e a r ; d e e r , b u f f a l o , o r s o m e

o t h e r a n i m a l o r b i r d .

S o m 4 t e p e e s

w e r e p a i n t e d w i t h a r i p p l e d e s i g n , a s y m b o l o f

g r e e n g r a s s .

O t h e r d e s i g n s w e r e m a i n l y f o r d e c o r a t i v e

p u p o s e s , m o r e o r l e s s

t o b e a u t i f y t h e t e p e e .

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6 9 9

K a r a w o ,

7 n 0

7

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4

. 1 .

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1 6

= 3 , - I I I T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

s i l l k 7 1 / S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

S k o k o m i s h B a s k e t s a n d C a n o e s

L e v e l I V B o o k 2 0

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D e v e l o p e d b y t h e C o a s t A r e a P l a n n i n g C o m m i t t e e

J e a n n e E v e r n d e n , C o o r d i n a t o r

W i l m a B u s h

G e r a l d M i l l e r

G e o r g i a O l i v e r

Y v o n n e P e t e r s o n

I l l u s t r a t e d b y T h r r y

A S k o k o m i s h S t o r y

J o s e p h C o b u r n , D i r e c t o r

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I f y o u v i s i t a I n d i a n h o m e i n t h e N o r t h w e s t t o d a y ,

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m a n y , m a n y d i f f e r e n t s t y l e s

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L o o s e l y w o v e n b a s k e t s w e r e u s e d i n c l a m d i g g i n g t o w a s h t h e c l a m s

a n d a l s o f o r s t o r i n g t o d . T h e s p a c e b e t w e e n t h e s t r a n d s a l l o w e d a i r t o

c i r c u l a t e t h r o u g h t h e s t o r e d f o o d t o k e e p i t f r e s h .

B a s k e t s w e r e m a d e f r o m m a n y k i n d s o f m a t e r i a l s : c e d a r b a r k , w i l l o w

w a n d s , s w e e t g r a s s , c a t t a i l s a n d t r e e r o o t s .

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s a m e N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n h o m e s m o d e l s o f

c a n o e s c a r v e d f r o m c e d a r . M a n y a r e l a r g e r t h a n t o y s i z e . T h e s e m o d e l s

a r e

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r e g i o n t h e m o d e o f

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c a n o e o n l y .

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w e r e m a n y t y p e s o f c a n o e s , e a c h w i t h a s p e -

c i a l i z e d u s e . T h e s h o v e l - n o s e d

c a n o e w a s u s e d o n r i v e r s . A t - ' p e c a l l e d t h e

" s n e a k " c a n o e h a d a s l e n d e r f r o n t t h r e e f e e t h i g h .

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c a m o u f l a g e t h e e a r l y t r i b e s m e n u s e d t h e " s n e a k "

c a n o e f o r d u c k h u n t i n g .

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T h e b i g g e s t

c a n o e w a s c a l l e d t h e C h i n o o k , o r o ? o y c d ( o h o a t k s ) i n t h e

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w a s t h i r t y o r m o r e f e e t l o n g . T h i s v e s s e l

w a s u s e d

i n w a r f a r e , f o r c a r r y i n g l a r g e n u m b e r s o f

p e o p l e t o p o t l a t c h e s a n d f o r

t r a n s p o r t i n g p e o p l e a n d s u p p l i e s t o c l a m m i n g a n d

h u n t i n g g r o u n d s . H e r e

t h e c l a m s , f i s h a n a m e a t

w e r e p r e p a r e d f o r t h e w i n t e r . T h e t r i b e s m e n

l o a d e d t h e i r s u p p l i e s i n t o t h e s e s p a c i o u s

c a n o e s a n d r e t u r n e d t o t h e i r

h o m e s .

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7 1 3

l b m a k e a c a n o e i t w a s n e c e s s a r y

t o f i n d a t r e e t h r e e o r f o u r f e e t i n d i a m -

e t e r . T h e f e l l i n g w a s d o n e b y c h i s e l a n d

h a m m e r . T h e c h i s e l w a s c r a f t e d f r o m

e l k h o r n s o r l a r g e a n i m a l b o n 4 e s .

L o g s p l i t t i n g w a s d o n e w i t h

w o o d e n w e d g e s a n d t h e n t h e s h a p i n g

b e g a n . A f i r e w a s b u i l t i n s i d e t h e t r e e

t o s m o o t h a n d h a r d e n t h e s i d e s . G r i t t y

s t o n e s w e r e u s e d t o p o l i s h t h e s u r f a c e .

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I m a g i n e a l l t h e s t r e a m s a n d w a t e r w a y s o f t h i s r e g i o n f i l l e d w i t h

c a n o e t r a f f i c t o d a y a n d e v e r y f i s h e r m a n a n d h i s f a m i l y v S i n g b a s k e t s t o

c a r r y t h e i r c a t c h . T h e s e r i - A e t h o d s d e v e l o p e d b y t h e I n d i a n t r i b e s o v e r

m a n y h u n d r e d s o f y e a r s w e r e a s a d e q u a t e f o r t h e i r p u r p o s e a s t h e

e q u i p m e n t w e u s e t o d a y .

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B a s k e t s

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r a f t s

o f m a n . T h e t e c h n i q u e u s e d b y I n d i a n s p r u s e d

i t e m s r a n g i n g f r o m w a t e r c o n t a i n e r s t o c l o t h i n g . E a c h

b a s k e t i s d i f f e r e n t . T h e s i z e a n d t h e k i n d o f t h e

m a t e r i a l s u s e d i s d i f f e r e n t . T h e m e t h o d i n w h i c h t h e

w a r p ( f o u n d a t i o n ) i s c o m b i n e d w i t h t h e w e f t ( f i l l e r )

i s a l s o d i f f e r e n t .

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t o f i s h t r a p s . M o s t b a s k e t r y t a k e s t h e f o r m o f c o n -

t a i n e r s a n d c a r r i e r s .

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c o l o r e d p l a n t e l e m e n t s a n d c h a n g i n g t h e w e a v i n g

t e c h n i q u e s .

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i t c o m e s , i s d e t e r m i n e d b y t h e m a t e r i a l s a n d w e a v e

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u s e d , a s w e l l a s b y i t s s h a p e o r f o r m .

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b e s i d e t h e r a f f i a a n d c o n t i n u e t o w e a v e .

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d i a g o n a l l y t o t h e f r o n t o f t h e s t r i p s a n d c o n t i n u e

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W e . . v e w i t h t h e r a f f i a . F o l d

a l o n g p i e c e i n h a l f . P u t t h e

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l a T H E I N D I A N R E A D I N G S E R I E S

L a f I l i S t o r i e s a n d L e g e n d s o f t h e N o r t h w e s t

W a r r i o r P e o p l e

L e v e l I V B o o k 2 1

D e v e l o p e d b y t h e B l a c k f e e t I n d i a n s

W r i t t e n b y :

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C a r m e n M a r c e a u

D o r i s O l d P e r s o n

J u n e l ' h t s e y

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P a t r i c i a i l l t s e y B a c h a u n

I l l u s t r a t e d b y M i k e S w i m s U n d e r

J o s e p h C o b u r n , D i r e c t o r

P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t I n d i a n P r o g r a m

N o r t h w e s t R e g i o n a l E d u c a t i o n a l L a b o r a t o r y

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W e a s e l N e c k l a c e r e t u r n e d h o m e a f t e r h u n t i n g i n t h e R o c k y

M o u n t a i n s f o r t h r e e d a y s . H e r o d e h i s b e s t h o r s e D r u m s . T h e h o r s e h e

l e d w a s c a l l e d M a j e s t i c . M a j e s t i c

w a s e x t r e m e l y t i r e d . A s y o u c a n s e e ,

h e w a s c a r r y i n g a f u l l g r o w n b u c k d e e r .

W e a s e l N e c k l a c e w a s a n x i o u s t o g e t h o m e . H e

w a s v e r y h u n g r y

a n d e a g e r t o s e e h i s b e a u t i f u l g r a n d d a u g h t e r w h o s e

n a m e w a s

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a b a n d o f I n d i a n s

c a l l e d t h e S o u t h P i k u n i . W e a s e l N e c k l a c e h a d d r e a m e d o f t e l l i n g

S n o w b i r d o f t h o g l o r i o u s g r o u p o f p e o p l e t o w h i c h t h e y b e l o n g e d , t h e

W a r r i o r P e o p l e .

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a l w a y s h a d g o o d t h i n g s f o r h e r t o e a t a n d i n t e r e s t i n g s t o r i e s t o t e l l .

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t h e c o r r a l t h a t W e a s e l N e c k l a c e k e p t c l e a n f o r t h e m . T h e h o r s e s k n e w

t h e y w e r e f r i e n d s o f t h e P i k u n i I n d i a n p e o p l e . T h e y a l s o k n e w t h e y

w o u l d h a v e a f r e s h d r i n k o f w a t e r a t t h e r i v e r a n d s o m e t h i n g g o o d

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t o p r e p a r e t h e d e e r f o r f o o d . H e d i d n o t w a s t e a n y p a r t o f t h e d e e r . H e

r e a l i z e d t h e d e e r g a v e h i s l i f e s o t h a t h e a n d S n o w b i r d c o u l d h a v e

s o m e t h i n g t o e a t . T h e d e e r ' s h i d e w o u l d b e u s e d t o m a k e a n e w

b u c k s k i n d r e s s f o r S n o w b i r d . T h e h a i r w o u l d b e u s e d o n a r o a c h f o r

W e a s e l N e c k l a c e . T h e o t h e r p a r t s w o u l d b e u s e d f o r d e c o r a t i o n s .

W h e n W e a s e l N e c k l a c e f i n i s h e d p r e p a r i n g t h e d e e r , h e t o o k t h e

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k i d n e y s i n s i d e t h e h o u s e .

W e a s e l N e c k l a c e a n d S n o w b i r d s a t d o w n a t t h e t a b l e . H e t o l d

S n o w b i r d , " K i d n e y s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a d e l i c a c y b y o u r p e o p l e . T h e m e a t

w i l l h e l p y o u g r o w i n t o a h e a l t h y P i k u n i g i r l . "

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z

3 , 0 v A l i I c e S '

p I

b a c ?

7 3 5

7 3 6

5

I I I I e r .

W e a s e l N e c k l a c e w a s t i r e d f r o m t h e h u n t a n d S n o w b i r d w a s

t i r e d f r o m h e l p i n g h e r a u n t p i c k b e r r i e s a l l d a y . T h e y f i n i s h e d e a t i n g

a n d t h e n t h e y g o t r e a d y f o r a g o o d n i g h t ' s s l e e p . W e a s e l N e c k l a c e t o l d

S n o w b i r d , " G o t o s l e e p f o r w e m u s t r i s e b e f o r e t h e s u n . W e w i l l d o t h i s

o u t o f r e s p e c t . W i t h o u t t h e h e a t f r o m t h e s u n n o t h i n g w o u l d g r o w a n d

w e w o u l d h a v e n o l i g h t t o s e e o r h e a t t o k e e p u s w a r m . "

. . . .

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6

7 3 7

O m p . . 1 0 0 1 . . . . . . . . . . 0 . ,

o w s p o w e a . . ^ . . . .

1 3 7 M i k a Z v i ; , . + J U r e g l e r

7 3 8

" G o o d m o r n i n g , S n o w b i r d ; s a i d W e a s e l N e c k l a c e . " G o o d

m o r n i n g , G r a n d f a t h e r , " r e p l i e d S n o w b i r d .

" S n o w b i r d , I m i s s y o u r g r a n d m o t h e r v e r y m u c h . H e r n a m e w a s

P r e t t y W o m a n a n d s h e b e l o n g e d t o a g r o u p o f I n d i a n s c a l l e d

H u n k p a p a S i o u x . T h e y l i v e e a s t o f h e r e i n M o n t a n a , a n d o t h e r s l i v e i n

S o u t h D a k o t a . S h e w a s a c o u s i n t o t h e g r e a t H u n k p e p a c h i e f w h o s e

n a m e w a s S i t t i n g B u l l . Y o u w i l l l e a r n m o r e a b o u t t h i s g r e a t m a n

w h e n y o u g o t o s c h o o l a n d s t u d y h i s t o r y . W e l l , G r a n d d a u g h t e r , w e m u s t

n o t w a i t a n y l o n g e r f o r t h e s u n i s b e g i n n i n g t o r i s e ? " " G r a n d f a t h e r , w a s

r i y g r a n d m o t h e r a s b e a u t i f u l a s I r e m e m b e r m y m o t h e r ? " a s k e d

S n o w b i r d . " Y e s S n o w b i r d , j u s t a s y o u w i l l g r o w u p t o b e . N o w c o m e "

. . r . . .

. . . 0 1 1 0 .

.

- 0 1 . 1 1 1 . 1 1 . 1 1

0 1 1 1 1 . m . . . ,

7 . . . . 0 1 1

0 8 1 0 1 0 A M .

. . n r g o a l m . . . . 1 1

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4 . 1 1 .

7 3 9

7 4 0

S n o w b i r d a n d 1 1 . n - g r a n d f a t h e r s a t i n f r o n t o f t h e h o u s e , . " H e r e

c o m e s t h e s u n . I s n ' t i t b e a u t i f u l ? " a s k e d S n o w b i r d . " Y e s , i t i s

b e a u t i f u l , " r e p l i e d h e r g r a n d f a t h e r . " W e w i l l w a t c h t h e

s u n r i s e j u s t a s

o u r p e o p l e h a v e d o n e c o u n t l e s s g e n e r a t i o n s b e f o r e u s . S n o w b i r d ,

r e s p e c t i s s o m e t h i n g o u r p e o p l e h a v e a l w a y s s h o w n f o r e a c h o t h e r a n d

f o r t h e t h i n g s i n l i f e w h i c h h e l p t h e m l i v e . D o n ' t

e v e r f o r g e t t h a t . "

4 e .

W m

7 . .

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8

' 2 9 y M a r i s

i t t n

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. / / / , 0

' , D i v P r t S U n d e r

C S .

- - $ P "

v i o

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4 1 1 1 .

C l o u s

. 1 1 1 _ 2 1 . e w

L o o k i n g a c r o s s t h e l a n e b e f o r e h i m , G r a n d f a t h e r s a i d , O u r

p e o p l e , t h e P i k u n i , h a v e c o u s i n s , t h e B l a c k f e e t , S i k s i k a , a n d K a i n a h .

O u r c o u s i n s l i v e i n C a n a d a . F i r s t , I w i l l t e l l y o u o f t h e S o u t h P i k u n i ,

w h i c h

i s t h e n a m e o f o u r b a n d o f p e o p l e . "

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- 7 0 1 1 4 u m a i i o l e ' l l i k l i j O C Z 4 1 . . 1 1 4 , - . 4 4 . * . h i a l . . - , . .

, i s t -

v . . 4 1 c . 1 0 1 , 1

u r

2

. 1 2 2 . 4 0 1 " - .

" . . . . 4 4 .

- - - 4 1 1 1 a

" . " 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 . 1 1 4 - - 1 4 m k o m o

4

4

9

" T h e S o u t h P i k u n i B a n d

a l . : , n o w r e f e r r e d t o a s t h e B l a c k f e e t o f

M o n t a n a . A l o t o f o u r p e o p l e l i v e o n t h e i a c k f e e t I n d i a n R e s c r v a t i o n

i n t h e n o r t h e r n p a r t o f M o n t a n a , e a s t o f t h e R o c k y M o u n t a i n s . O u r

p e o p l e s a y t h a t w h e n

w e w e r e p u t o n r e s e r v a t i o n s , w e w e r e n a m e d

B l a c k f e e t . S o , o u r r e s e r v a t i o n b e c a m e k n o w n

a s t h e B l a c k f e e t

R e s e r v a t i o n . "

G r a n d f a t h e r c o n t i n u e d , " A c c o r d i n g t o t h e o l d p e o p l e , S o u t h

P i k u n i , r a t h e r t h a n B l a c k f e e t , i s

o u r p r o p e r n a m e . M a n y C a n a d i a n

I n d i a n s s t i l l r e f e r t o t h e M o n t a n a B l a c k f e e t I n d i a n s

a

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a s S o u t h P i k u n i : '

T h e S o u t h P i k i m i l i k e d t o

c a m p n e a r t h e m o u n t a i n s . S t o r i e s

t o l d a m o n g o u r p e o p l e s a y t h e y r o a m e d

a s f a r s o u t h a s M e x i c o a n d f a r

n o r t h i n t o C a n a d a a l o n g t h e O l d N o r t h T r a i l .

S n o w b i r d , y o u w i l l r e a d a b o u t t h e O l d N o r t h T r a i l i n s c h o o l .

Y o u r g r a n d m o t h e r ' s p e o p l e a l s o u s e d i t "

l I k t l 0 . . P t . . .

4 y % *

a

. . 4 1 1 6 " .

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" " = -

. e

" f t

e t " '

1 r

- . 0 1 1 1 1 , 1 " `

a s i L 7 1 1 1 .

I , .

,

4 C -

t Z

4 6

4 A I (

- t -

'

0

- . . . . . . , . . . . . .

' & 4 2 4 4 8

1 1

G r a n d f a t h e r e x p l a i n e d , T h e w o r d P i k u n i

m e a n s r u s t y s t r e a k s

i n t h e i r h i d e s . T h e w o m e n o f t h i s

g r o u p w e r e n o t e d f o r t h e w a y t h e y

l e f t r u s t - l i k e s t r e a k s o n t h e i r t a n n e d h i d e s ? '

Page 578: The Indian Reading Series Stories and Legends of the Northwest. Level IV Books 1-21

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1 2

7 4

7 4 8

T h e N o r t h P i k u n i d i f f e r e d f r o m t h e

S o u t h P i k u n i i n t h a t t h e

N o r t h P i k u n i l i k e d t o

c a m p f a r t h e r a w a y f r o m t h e m o u n t a i n s

o n t h e

p r a i r i e . "

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" T h e N o r t h P i k u n i n o w l i v e i n t h e n o r t h e r n p a r t

o f A l b e r t a , C a n a d a , " s a i d G r a n d f a t h e r . T h e y w e r e

a l s o n o t e d f o r t h e w a y t h e y l e f t r u s t y s t r e a k s o n t h e i r

t a n n e d h i d e s . B e f o r e t h e l i n e b e t w e e n t h e U n i t e d

S t a t e s a n d C a n a d a w a s m a d e , t h e N o r t h P i k u n i

a n d

S o u t h P i k u n i m a d e u p o n e b a n d . A t t h e t i m e t h e

U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d C a n a d i a n b o r d e r w a s f o r m e d , t h e y

w e r e c a m p e d s e p a r a t e l y

f r o m o n e a n o t h e r . T h a t i s w h y

o n e g r o u p e n d e d u p

i n M o n t a n a a n d t h e o t h e r i n

A l b e r t a . M a n y i m m e d i a t e f a m i l i e s w e r e s e p a r a t e d . "

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1 4

4 , 1 4 1 f r i 1 1 e -

1 4 1 1

l 4 7 e

7 5 2

7 5 3

-

4 4 1 . . . %

1 0 1 1 1 0 " . -

" W h e r e a r e t h e B l a c k f e e t

n o w , G r a n d f a t h e r ? " a s k e d S n o w b i r d .

T h e g r o u p o f p e o p l e p r o p e r l y k n o w n

a s t h e B l a c k f e e t n o w l i v e i n

G l e i c h e n , A l b e r t a , C a n a d a . I t i s s a i d t h a t a p r a i r i e f i : e b u r n e d t h e r e .

T h e h o r s e s , p r o b a b l y l o o k i n g f o r

g r e e n g r a s s , r a n a w a y a n d t h e p e o p l e

w e r e l e f t o n f o o t , " a n s w e r e d G r a n d f a t h e r .

s r ^

;

' . 1 '

:

1

. v .

' ' . 4

-

A r - ' F A " 4 .

j r r

f t : 2 1 - 1 0 . A r e * .

r i t i :

,

"

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* 1 8 , 4 k

e

, 4 -

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t

l b w

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P

,

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S e ' ' ' . - 4 4 -

4 , ,

. . - - t - - 1 1 1 5 0 -

. . .

- 1 0 3 . 1 k l e -

4 4 " : " 4 7

7 5 5

1 5

R e m e m b e r i n g , G r a n d f a t h e r s a i d , " B e c a u s e t h e p e o p l e w e r e

s h o r t o f h o r s e s , t h e y w e r e d o i n g a l o t o f w a l k i n g , a n d a f t e r w a l k i n g

o v e r b u r n e d p r a i r i e s , t h e i r

m o c c a s i n s b e c a m e b l a c k w i t h a s h e s . T h i s

i s w h y t h e y b e c a m e k n o w n a s B l a c k f e e t . "

1 1 1 . 1 e

m e n s p i p A

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1 6

7 5 6

S

7 5 7

T h e K a i n a h l i v e i n S o u t h e r n A l b e r t a , C a n a d a

n e a r C a r d s t o n

o n t h e B l o o d I n d i a n R e s e r v e . T h e w o r d K a i n a h m e a n s " m a n y c h i e f s . "

I t i s s a i d t h e y

w e r e c a m p e d w h e r e t h e B e l l y a n d S t . M a r y ' s

R i v e r s c o m e t o g e t h e r . T h c _

o u l d c a m p t h e r e a n d t r a d e w h e r e

a

t r a d i n g p o s t h a d b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d . "

l e

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t . " "

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t i k 4

x h ,

e V

1

1 4 1 0

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k S t i

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, i l l

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w i g h : : ) &

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t l i

, P

I l l i l i k : :

- 4 4 4

o r v i

. , . .

v t o

i t i P i i -

-

i r

f f i r ,

- . . .

, . 4 . 4

O K =

.

4 A 1

  P r

-

r

1

G r a n d f a t h e r s a i d , " I w a s t o l d t h a t

o n e d a y a m a n f r o m t h e S o u t h

P i k u n i B a n d c a m e t o v i s i t . H e

w a s s t a n d i n g u p o n a h i l l w i t h a b o y

f r o m t h e K a i n a h B a n d . P o i n t i n g a t t h e

c a m p , h e a s k e d t h e b o y , ' W h o s e

c a m p i s t h a t ? ' T h e b o y r e p l i e d , ' I t b e l o n g s t o a c h i e f . ' T h e m a n a s k e d

t h e s a m e q u e s t i o n t w o

o r t h r e e t i m e s a n d t h e b o y ' s r e p l y w a s t h e

s a m e . S o t h e S o u t h P i k u n i m a n c a l l e d t h e b a n d ' m a n y c h i e f s . ' T h e y

a r e a l s o r e f e r r e d t o a s B l o o d s . I t w a s a c u s t o m a m o n g s o m e I n d i a n s t o

d r i n k b l o o d s o u p . A s I s a i d b e f o r e S n o w b i r d ,

o u r p e o p l e d i d n o t w a s t e . "

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a m o n v o g e

h .

4

. 1 1 1 1 4 ,

j o t

7 G 2

- -

. .

7 6 3

0 , , . .

1 9

S t r e t c h i n g h i s a r m s , G r a n d f a t h e r t o l d S n o w b i r d , " W e l l m y g i r l ,

w e m u s t h u r r y b e c a u s e t h e s c h o o l b u s w i l l

b e c o m i n g . " S n o w b i r d

a s k e d , " G r a n d f a t h e r , w h a t a r e w e h a v i n g f o r b r e a k f a s t ? " " A h , w e w i l l

h a v e d e e r s t e a k a n d p a n c a k e s . " S n o w b i r d s m i l e d , " O h g r e a t I t ' s m y

f a v o r i t e . : '

W h i l e e a t i n g b r e a k f a s t G r a n d f a t h e r s a i d , " S n o w b i r d , s o m e d a y

y o u w i l l g e t m a r r i e d a n d h a v e a d a u g h t e r . I

w i l l g i v e h e r y o u r

g r a n d m o t h e r ' s n a m e , P r e t t y W o m a n . S o m e d a y , a s y o u w a t c h t h e

s u n r i s e , t e l l h e r t h e s t o r y o f t h e W a r r i o r P e o p l e . T h e s e f o u r g r o u p s o f

p e o p l e l i v e d i n d e p e n d e n t l y o f e a c h o t h e r , b u t c a m e t o g e t h e r i n t i m e o f

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w a r a n d f o r r e l i g i o u s c e r e m o n i e s . "

G r a n d f a t h e r w a v e d h i s a r m t h r o u g h t h e a i r s a y i n g , " B e f o r e t h e

l i n e b e t w e e n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d C a n a d a w a s e s t a b l i s h e d , t h e s e

g r o u p s r o a m e d f r e e l y . T h e y t r a v e l e d b a c k a n d f o r t h f r o m t h e

S a s k e t c h a w a n R i v e r i n A l b e r t a , C a n a d a , t o b e y o n d t h e Y e l l o w s t o n e

a r e a i n s o u t h e r n M o n t a n e

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" H u r r y n o w H e r e c o m e s t h e s c h o o l b u s L e t ' s g o " p r o d d e d

G r a n d f a t h e r .

" I h o p e y o u g o t o s c h o o l a n d l e a r n t o w r i t e w e l l . A n d w h e n P r e t t y

W o m a n l e a r n s t o r e a d , s h e w i l l r e a d y o u r s t o r y o f t h e W a r r i o r P e o p l e .

S h e w i l l k n o w t h a t o u r p e o p l e w e r e n o t e d f o r t h e i r s k i l l i n w a r a n d t h e

b r a v e r y t h e y s h o w e d i n m a i n t a i n i n g t h e i r t e r r i t o r y '

S n o w b i r d , r e l u c t a n t t o l e a v e , a s k e d , " G r a n d f a t h e r , w o u l d y o u

w a l k w i t h m e ? " G r a n d f a t h e r a n s w e r e d , " Y e s , n o w l e t ' s h u r r y , y o u

d o n ' t w a n t t o m i s s t h e b u s . Y o u m u s t g e t y o u r e d u c a t i o n a n d d o w e l l

b e c a u s e o u r p e o p l e a r e p r o u d . D o n ' t e v e r f o r g e t t h e w a y o f y o u r p e o p l e

b u t y o u m u s t l e a r n n e w w a y s i n o r d e r t o s u r v i v e . I t w i l l n o t b e e a s y ,

b u t a l w a y s r e m e m b e r t o s h o w r e s p e c t a n d y o u w i l l d o j u s t f i n e ? '

1 1 1 1 1 w i

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 m I l e s

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 m b

s i l l a t e i s l i m s = b

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I

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A I M I

T o r e v i e w t h e s t o r i e s y o u h a v e T o d a y w e c a n s t i l l m a k e o u r l i v e s b e t t e r i n m a n y d i f -

r e a d a n d t h e t h i n g s y o u h a v e d o n e

f e r e n t % % , a y s . W e c a n s t i l l l i s t e n t o b e a u t i f u l t h i n g s .

d u r i n g t h e y e a r

W e c a n a p p r e c i a t e t h e b e a u t y a r o u n d u s . W e c a n s t i l l

t h i n k g o o d t h o u g h t s . W e c a n s h a r e g o o d t a l k . A l l w e

h a v e t o d o i s k e e p t r y i n g .

T H I N G S T O R E M E M B E R

Y o u k n o w t h a t t h e r e a r e m e s s a g e s i n t h e s t o r i e s I n d i a n

p e o p l e h a v e t o l d f o r g e n e r a t i o n s .

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a f i n i s h t o t h e s e n t e n c e .

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Y o u k n o w t h a t s o m e o f t h e w a y s I n d i a n p e o p l e h a d t o

d o t h i n g s h a v e c h a n g e d .

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h a v e n o t c h a n g e d . T h e s t o r i e s a r e s t i l l t o l d t o d a y .

Y o u k n o w t h a t y o u c a n l e a r n l e s s o n s f r o m t h e s e s t o r i e s .

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w a s

a t i m e f o r t h i n k i n g o v e r w h a t y o u h a v e d o n e . I t i s

e x p e c t e d o f c h i l d r e n o u t o f s a f e t y a n d , t h a t

e v e n n o w .

b e i n g a w a r e o f w h a t i s h a p p e n i n g a r o u n d

y o u .