the hydrogen battery, off grid renewable power through water electrolysis

THIS%DOCUMENT%MAY%NOT%BE%CITED,%REPRODUCED%OR%DISTRIBUTED%WITHOUT%EXPRESS%WRITTEN%PERMISSION%

Self%Recharging%Power%Solu2ons%%for%People%who%need%

%……..%Opera2onal%2me%of%24*7,%365%days%a%year%%

with%……%a%99.8%%SLA%

Presented%by%%Pak%Ali%%

&%%Om%Mark%

%%

Who%have%been%there%and%done%that%!%


What’s%needed…%%a%Hydrogen%BaSery%T%powered%by%renewables%

9

•  Independent%clean%energy%produc2on%•  No%fuel%price%uncertainty%or%diesel%theW%•  Built%to%meet%Telecom%industry%standards%•  Unlimited%hydrogen%produc2on%and%%

storage%from%renewables%•  Available%with%2kW%or%4kW%output%and%field%upgradeable%%

•  Up%to%50%%cheaper%than%other%products%%on%the%market%today%

•  Total%cost%of%ownership%lower%than%diesel%%%%%%%generators%and%baSeries%


What%is%a%Fuel%Cell%?%9/5/11 4:23 PM

Page 1 of 1file:///Users/mshiels/Desktop/PEM_fuelcell.svg

Hydrogen fuel is channeled through field flowplates to the anode on one side of the fuel cell,while oxidant (oxygen or air) is channeled to thecathode on the other side of the cell.

Hydrogengas

Oxidant

At the anode, aplatinum catalystcauses thehydrogen to splitinto positivehydrogen ions(protons) andnegatively chargedelectrons.

2

Unusedfuel

Water

1

The polymer electrolytemembrane (PEM) allowsonly the positivelycharged ions to passthrough it to the cathode.The negatively chargedelectrons must travelalong an external circuitto the cathode, creatingan electrical current.

3

At the cathode, the electronsand positively chargedhydrogen ions combine withoxygen to form water, whichflows out of the cell.

4

Backing layers

Hydrogenflow field

Oxidantflow field

Anode(negative)

Cathode(positive)

Polymerelectrolytemembrane

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

!  It’s%a%Electro-chemical%reac1on%!%!  It’s%a%generator%with%no%moving%parts%!%

3%


What%is%a%Self%Recharging%Fuel%Cell%?%

DC%Load%Always%On%

Grid%or%Renewables%

Power%

Water%used%to%make%H2%

Hydrogen%

Water%produ

ced%

whe

n%FC%ru

ns%

!  Hydrogen%BaSery™%is%a%closed%system%which%is%completely%selfTrecharging.%

!  Whenever%power%is%available%it%automa2cally%generates%its%own%hydrogen%(and%oxygen)%from%water%using%electricity/renewables.%

!  When%the%power%not%available,%the%Hydrogen%stored%is%used%to%power%the%load%

!  There%is%no%limit%to%the%amount%of%Hydrogen%you%can%store%(just%add%more%low%cost%storage%vessels)%


1" Days"2" 3" 4" 5" 6"

Grid"2hrs%daily%outage%

10%%

8%

6%

4%%

2%%

Classic"Fuel"Cell"system"with"12hrs"H2"reserve,"run"out"in"6"Days"

H2%release%for%back%up%%

Hydrogen"BaAery";C)"Self"recharges""

!  Unlike a classic Fuel Cell product the Hydrogen Battery regenerates the fuel locally

!  Well suited for frequent “short” blackouts

!  Well suited to combine with renewable energy sources

How%does%it%compare%to%exis2ng%technology?%

5%


AEM%Membrane%Elecrolyser%is%the%key%T%ability%to%scale%produc2on%with%renewable%power%available%


Technology%Comparison%of%Electolysers%available%in%the%market%


Fuel%Cell%Considera2ons%

8%

RENEWABLE OFF GRID INTEGRATION: Grid like availability with zero emissions

EFFICIENT AIR SUPPLY: No liquids, no pumps, no heat exchangers

CLICK-ON POWER AND HYDROGEN CONNECTIONS: Easy front handling, simple installation and maintenance

SMART GRID INTEGRATION: Minute reserve (tertiary power) and peak power shaving

Equipment

Rectifier

Fuel Cell System

H2 Storage

FREE SCALING TO YOUR REQUIRED POWER NEEDS: One Controller for up to 20 FC units Multiples of one standardized FC unit

Exemplary Indoor Installation: Separation of energy conversion (FCS) and energy content (H2), Minimized space requirement and floor loading





Equipment

Rectifier

Fuel Cell System

H2 Storage







Equipment

Rectifier

Fuel Cell System

H2 Storage



EFFICIENT"AIR"SUPPLY:"%No%liquids,%no%pumps,%no%heat%exchangers,%no%mechanical%parts%is%always%preferable%%CLICKCON"POWER"AND"HYDROGEN"CONNECTIONS:"%Stack%replacement%should%be%easy,%front%handling,%simple%installa2on%and%maintenance.%%%FREE"SCALING"TO"YOUR"REQUIRED"POWER"NEEDS:"%Power%controller%One%Controller%should%support%mul2ple%FC’s.%Should%be%field%upgradeable%without%decomissioning%system.%%LOWEST"HYDROGEN"FUEL"CONSUMPTION"POSSIBLE"Target%of%660%Liters%per%kW/hour""%

meeting customers’ exacting power demands

INDOOR CONFIGURATIONS INCLUDING ENCLOSURE

Maximum Power * (kW)

Nominal Current (A)

Height (mm)

Width (mm)

Depth (mm)

Weight (kg)

Optional Space (U)

2.0

50

1200

800

600

230

13

4.0

100

1200

800

600

270

6

6.0

150

1800

800

600

330

11

8.0

200

1800

800

600

370

4

40.0

1000

2200

800

600

1720

24

10.0

250

2200

800

600

420

6

1.0

25

1200

800

600

225

13

0.5

12.5

1200

800

600

220

13

20.0

500

2200

800

600

840

12

* Beginning of Life; ambient temperature <40°C

Nominal Power (kW)

2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 50.012.51.20.6 25.0


Tradi2onal%Backup%Power%Solu2ons%T%Off%Grid%CDC/BaSery%with%renewables%

9%

FLEXpower ONE Specifications

For 120Vac/60Hz applications Pre-wired Systems* Description FP1-1 VFX3524 3.5kW FLEXpower ONE, Pre-wired AC and DC boxes with 120VAC Bypass, Type B Outlet, 250A DC breaker,

FP1-3 GVFX3524 3.5kW FLEXpower ONE, Pre-wired AC and DC boxes with 120VAC Bypass, Type B Outlet, 250A DC breaker,

FP1-27 FX2524T 2.5kW FLEXpower ONE, Pre-wired AC and DC boxes with 120VAC Bypass, Type B Outlet, 175A DC breaker,

FP1-36 GTFX2524-HI 2.5kW FLEXpower ONE for Hawaii market, Pre-wired AC and DC boxes with 120VAC Bypass, Type B

(FN-DC not included)

(FN-DC not included)For 230VAC/50Hz applications FP1-5 VFX3024E 3kW FLEXpower ONE, Pre-wired AC and DC boxes with 230VAC Bypass, European Outlet, 250A DC breaker,

FP1-34 GVFX3024E 3kW FLEXpower ONE, Pre-wired AC and DC boxes with 230VAC Bypass, European Outlet, 250A DC

Shipping 109 lbs (49.4 kg)

Pre-Assembled/Wired Power Conversion SystemsOutBack pre-assembled and pre-wired power systems take the concept of fast, easy installation to a new level of performance, value and flexibility. Everything needed outside of power sources and back-up is pre-assembled onto a single factory tested pre-wired panel. Just install the mounting bracket, hang the system on a wall, make the necessary connections, and the system is ready-to-go.

The FLEXpower ONE System is ideal for smaller power applications including cabins, chalets, homes, remote communication sites and back-up power systems, accommodating all essential protective devices in the smallest system footprint possible and in the most cost-e!ective manner. FLEXpower ONE includes a single inverter, AC and DC wiring boxes, a single FLEXmax Charge Controller, MATE, HUB, FLEXnet DC and Surge Protector. The FLEXpower ONE System is also equipped with battery and PV array breakers, a PV GFDI breaker, an Input-Output-Bypass Assembly, mounting locations for both AC GFCI Type B and EU Type F style outlets and additional AC breakers.

Easy Bracket MountingFLEXpower systems are designed with ease of installation in mind. The hanging bracket installs quickly, allowing the entire system to be hung with minimal e!ort.

Pre-Assembled/Wired Power Conversion SystemsFLEXpower™

11


Tradi2onal%Backup%Power%Solu2ons%T%On%Grid%/%Bad%Grid%

•  CDC%GenTSet%(On%grid%as%a%backup%power,%Off%Grid%as%primary%power)%

–  Charge%Discharge%System,%a%typical%configura2on%may%be%%•  20kW%genset,%800%AH%baSery%

–  Average%Run%2me%%•  4,6,8,%10%hour%day%par2al%Grid,%%•  24%*%7%with%a%standby%generator%in%Off%Grid%

–  Limita2on%is%Fuel%Costs%(delivered%to%Site),%Logis2cs%–  Issues%with%high%GenTSet%maintenance%cost%and%periodic%

baSery%replacement%–  Issues%with%TheW%(15%T20%%of%Fuel%cost%in%some%cases%!!)%

•  Move%to%BaSery/Solar%for%lower%power%sites%–  BaSery%is%expensive%in%it’s%‘cost%of%recharging’%–  Larger%soar%panels%needed%are%wasted%in%terms%of%unused%

energy%produced%at%the%wrong%2me%–  TheW%issues%(15%%of%baSeries%stolen!),%logis2cs%and%cost%

10%


Renewables%–%Daily%Sun%hours%

11%


Flux%of%Mean%Solar%Radia2on%in%1976%to%2005%(W/m2)%

W/m2%


Inverter%For%%Emergency%

AC%














11

DC%Load%

114%Solar%Panels%200Wp/panel%

72%BaSeries%%6,000%Ah%

•  To%meet%the%3%day%Autonomy%requirement%solar%and%baSery%will%need%to%be%increased%

•  Much%of%the%energy%produced%by%solar%is%wasted%and%could%be%beSer%u2lized%

•  The%increase%in%baSeries%has%issues%with%theW,%space,%logis2cs%etc.%

Example%Deployment,%OffTGrid%Solar,%for%3%kW%T%Solar/BaSery%only%Solu2on%

13%


The%Challenge%!%

•  Renewable%energy%is%‘variable’%as%a%primary%source%of%power,%with%no%power%when%you%need%it,%or%too%much%at%the%wrong%2me.%BaSeries%may%be%efficient%at%storing%energy%but%the%real%issue%is%the%cost%and%efficiency%of%charging%these,%while%at%the%same%2me%providing%the%autonomy%needed.%%%

•  We%need%to%use%technology%that%exploits%Hydrogen%fuel’s%poten2al%as%a%‘energy%store’,%in%combina2on%with%renewables.%

•  Produce%Hydrogen%during%periods%when%the%available%energy%from%renewables%is%in%excess%of%the%needs%of%the%load%

•  Use%Hydrogen%to%produce%electricity%during%periods%in%which%the%available%energy%from%renewables%is%available%in%quan22es%less%than%the%needs%of%the%load.%

•  Use%Hydrogen%BaSery%;T)%ability%to%operate%and%collect%Hydrogen%even%during%2mes%of%the%day%when%the%energy%produc2on%is%low,%thus%maximizing%renewable%efficiency.%

14%


Hydrogen%BaSery%T%first%self%recharging%fuel%cell%system%op2mized%for%OffTGrid%and%powered%by%renewables%

! An%en2rely%selfTrecharging%hydrogen%fuel%cell%system%specifically%op2mized%for%renewable%energy%supply.%

! It%changes%the%economics%of%backup%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%power%making%fuel%cells%adoptable%even%in%extreme%or%remote%loca2ons.%

! It%enables%greener%networks%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%in%developing%markets%by%reducing%baSery%footprint%and%the%need%to%use%GenTSet%or%any%‘fuel%based’%solu2on.%

! Designed%to%op2mize%and%extend%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%both%renewable%and%grid%power.%

%! Different%recharge%speeds%and%electrical%

efficiencies%available,%completely%modular%with%flexibility%to%select%own%fuel%cell%stack.%

15%

Electrolyser"500"or"1000"Liter"OpYon"

Remote"Management"Power"&"Hydro"Management"

Water""Storage"

Fuel"Cell’s"2"or"4"kW"OpYon"


Hydrogen%produc2on%Starts%here%

•  Solar%panels%generate%power%during%sunlight%hours%however%much%of%the%2me%most%of%this%energy%is%not%u2lized%as%there%has%not%been%a%viable%way%to%do%capture%and%store%this.%Solar/BaSery%configura2ons%are%designed%to%make%best%use%of%sunlight%during%the%worst%days%hence%large%panels%and%baSeries%are%needed%as%the%site%load%requirements%increase.%

•  Exis2ng%BaSeries%are%typically%recharged%in%a%3.5%hour%window%during%the%peak%solar%output%in%a%sunlight%day.%The%balance%of%the%solar%energy%is%in%effect%wasted.%

16%

Solar%&%Hydrogen%produc2on%

Voltage%from%Solar%


Time%to%fully%charge%24%baSeries%%3.5%hours%

Wasted%%Energy%%!%

! The%use%of%Hydrogen%as%an%a%energy%store%and%the%design%of%the%Hydrogen%BaSery,%self%recharging%Fuel%Cell%system,%allows%us%to%fully%u2lize%all%available%power%available%through%solar%produc2on,%even%low%power%generated%at%the%start%and%end%of%the%day%or%in%cloudy%condi2ons% 17%

Hydrogen%as%an%energy%store%

Less%BaSeries%means%faster%charging%%

No%Wasted%%Energy%as%all%solar%power%is%u2lized%


Opera2on%of%the%Hydrogen%BaSery%

18%

DC%Load%Always%On%

Grid%or%Renewables%

Power%

Water%used%to%make%H2%

Hydrogen%

Water%produ

ced%

whe

n%FC%ru

ns%

!  Hydro-Battery ™ is a closed system which is completely self-recharging.

!  Whenever power is available it automatically generates its own hydrogen (and oxygen) from water using electricity/renewables.

!  When the power not available, the Hydrogen stored is used to power the load

!  There is no limit to the amount of Hydrogen you can store


Example%Off%Grid%Solar,%3%kW,%Hydrogen%Storage%solu2on%

Inverter%For%%Emergency%AC%

DC%Load%














11

19%

!  To meet the 3 day Autonomy requirement, battery requirements can be reduced by 2/3rds with a Self recharging Fuel Cell and Hydrogen storage of 5m3.

!  All available energy from Solar is optimized

!  There is no limit to the amount of H2 produced and storage cylinders are cheap !

114%Solar%Panels%200Wp/panel%

24%BaSeries%%2,000%Ah%


Parameters%for%energy%produc2on%

Solar%•  114%panels%at%200Wp%per%panel,%each%panel%is%1.3m2%•  Poten2al%current%produced%is%475%Ampere%

BaSery%•  24%OPZV%BaSery%with%a%total%of%2000%Ah%*%•  25%hours%of%load%power%available%at%80%%DOD%•  Recharge%current%max%is%300%Ampere%(BaSery%Characteris2c)%*%%Autonomy%•  Is%dependent%only%on%the%H2%Storage%cylinders.%Standard%provision%is%to%

provide%Autonomy%for%3%days.%%•  Total%Autonomy%is%limitless%as%it%only%depends%on%the%addi2on%of%more%

low%cost%hydrogen%storage%cylinders%

*%Be:er%ba:ery%technology%over%OPZv%/%OPZs%is%available%


Solar%Produc2on%(Average%per%day/month)%%

Average%monthly%Solar%produc2on%and%excess%power%available%over%the%load%&%baSery%recharge%is%calculated%taking%into%account%%

•  local%condi2ons,%Solar%Isola2on%and%deTra2ng.%•  Rela2vely%small%energy%from%the%excess%of%the%load%is%only%needed%

to%start%H2%produc2on.%

month insolation true daily demand PV output PV output Excess Power H2 produced Power from stored H2 Wh/m^2/day kWh/day kWh/day as %age of TDD kWh/day m3/day KWh/day

Jan 5750 90.0 111.02 123% 21.02 4.20 4.67 Feb 5590 90.0 107.99 120% 17.99 3.60 4.00 Mar 6170 90.0 119.18 132% 29.18 5.84 6.48 Apr 6120 90.0 118.03 131% 28.03 5.61 6.23 May 5850 90.0 112.79 125% 22.79 4.56 5.06 Jun 5540 90.0 107.21 119% 17.21 3.44 3.83 Jul 5760 90.0 111.81 124% 21.81 4.36 4.85 Aug 6450 90.0 125.01 139% 35.01 7.00 7.78 Sep 7090 90.0 136.68 152% 46.68 9.34 10.37 Oct 7340 90.0 140.86 157% 50.86 10.17 11.30 Nov 6960 90.0 133.78 149% 43.78 8.76 9.73 Dec 5990 90.0 115.52 128% 25.52 5.10 5.67

Average 133% 29.99 6.00 6.66


Solar%Produc2on%(alloca2on%of%power%for%H2%produc2on)%%

Total%Energy%available%from%WE%ca."53"kWh/day""

Total%Energy%%from%PV%

ca."142"kWh/day""


Remote%Monitoring%Op2ons%

23%

TCP/IP CONTROL AND MONITOR

!  Proactive monitoring solution

!  Flexible solution to integrate the site monitoring to your own NMS

!  Full control of power system’s functionality from your subsidiary

!  Local storage of activity information

!  Can deliver additional site’s information

SMS MONITORING

!  Real time alarm delivery direct to maintainers

!  Status information to optimize maintenance and massively reduce the MTTR

!  Works on any GSM network: no physical connection required

POTENTIAL FREE

CONTACTS %%!  The basics built in every Hydrogen Battery ;-) system

!  Quick integration with existing monitoring solution based on digital IOs

Lessons%Learned%•  Always%have%SMS%as%a%fall%back%•  TCP/IP%is%never%reliable%or%on%many%cases%available%•  Modems/terminals%need%to%be%solid%state%devices%with%

independant%memory%and%baSery%backup%•  Logs%are%important,%keep%them!%

THIS%DOCUMENT%MAY%NOT%BE%CITED,%REPRODUCED%OR%DISTRIBUTED%WITHOUT%EXPRESS%WRITTEN%PERMISSION%24%

Water%%Storage%Tank%

Electroliser%

Fuel%Cell%DBX5000%

Power%Controller%

GPS% GSM%Primary%&%%Secondary%SIM%

Hydrogen%Storage%

GPRS%or%SMS%

GTT%%Terminal%

SitePro%Server%

SNMP%to%N

OC%%

External%Access%to%Alarms%%and%status%via%2%way%SMS,%%email,%WEB%

MOD%Bus%

User%Authen2ca2on%Reports,%%Archive%and%%Support%Applica2ons%

Remote%Management%&%Monitoring%%(Full%IP%experience%desirable%but%must%be%%squeezed%over%GPRS%!!)%

Circuit%Based%


Backup%and%Storage%examples%(Off%Grid%example)%

H2%Store%•  Autonomy%for%3%days%at%3kW%load%%•  194%m3%of%H2%already%in%place%•  H2%produc2on%in%conjunc2on%with%baSery%charging%%Assume%BaSeries%off%line%for%12%hours%•  Fuel%Cell%will%consume%32.4%m3%of%H2%(av.%900%liter/kW%hour)%•  Time%to%replace%H2%used%in%this%period%is%4.8%days%(av.%6.6%m3%per%day)%

Assume%BaSeries%off%line%for%15%hours%•  Fuel%Cell%will%consume%40.5%m3%of%H2%•  Time%to%replace%H2%used%in%this%period%is%6%days%(av%6.6%m3%per%day)%

Assume%BaSeries%off%line%for%24%hours%•  Fuel%Cell%will%consume%64.8%m3%of%H2%•  Time%to%replace%H2%used%in%this%period%is%9.7%days%(av%6.6%m3%per%day)%


Conclusions%(Off%Grid)%

! For%Telecom%loads%over%1kW%baSery%configura2ons%are%generally%oversized%to%take%into%account%the%autonomy%needed%(generally%3T4%days%is%required).%

! The%use%of%a%smaller%baSery%configura2on%in%conjunc2on%with%a%Hydrogen%storage%solu2on,%enables%beSer%use%of%the%energy%generated%by%renewables,%while%reducing%the%number%of%baSeries%needed.%

! The%solar%panel%limita2on%may%exist%for%some%OffTGrid%site%condi2ons%thus%the%solu2on%proposed%also%maximizes%the%best%use%of%available%land%space%on%the%site.%

! Hydrogen%storage%is%an%efficient%energy%store%and%the%Hydrogen%BaSery%;T)%system%can%effec2vely%collect%smaller%levels%of%energy%generated%under%low%solar%condi2ons%more%effec2vely,%thus%minimizing%any%poten2al%wasted%energy.%

! There%is%no%real%limit%to%the%amount%of%Hydrogen%you%can%produce%as%this%can%be%met%by%using%low%cost%cylinders.%This%improves%the%poten2al%autonomy%available%to%weeks%instead%of%days.%

26%


… Power as a service! ... Elimination of all fuel logistics! … Renewable Energy with Cost Savings & Reliability !

From Nature to Power!

[email protected]%%%%%%%%%%%skype:%mshiels%

the hydrogen battery, off grid renewable power through water electrolysis

Technology

hydrogen fuel

hydrogen connections

maximum power

required power needs

hydrogen conn easy

hydrogen battery regenerates

positive hydrogen ions

classic fuel cell product