the hydrogen atom fine structurephys.ubbcluj.ro/~lnagy/mast-slides/mast2.pdf · structure...
TRANSCRIPT
The perturbational treatment of the relativistic effect
If the Dirac equation is expanded in terms of v2/c2, one obtains 3 correction terms:
• the relativistic correction of the kinetic energy
• the Darwin-term (only for l=0)
• the spin-orbit interaction term
Perturbation theory for a degenerate levelIs desirable that the perturbation LS to be diagonalThis is valid in the representation |lsjmj>,because L2, S2, J2 and Jz commute with LS.
We write the scalar product as
Hyperfine splitting• The magnetic momentum of the nucleus
• The interaction with the magnetic moment of the electron (for l=0)
• The splitting
• For the ground state