the human skeleton. your skeleton’s 3 main jobs: 1. your skeleton gives you your shape. if you...
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The human skeleton
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Your skeleton’s 3 main jobs:
1. Your skeleton gives you your shape. If you didn’t have a
skeleton, you would be a blob!
2. Your skeleton helps you to move. You could not run or swim without bones.
3. Bones protect other parts of your body.
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Skeleton fact
• A baby is born with over 300 bones but some bones grow together so that all grown ups have 206 bones.
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The longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in your body is your thigh bone, called your femur! It attaches at your hip and your knee!
• (The smallest bone is in your ear!)
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Your kneecap is your patella
• On the front of the knee is the kneecap. Your kneecap is not connected directly to other bones. Muscles and tendons help keep your kneecap in place!
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Your skull
• Knock on your skull and feel how hard it is. It is hard so it can protect your brain and eyes. The skull is made up of 28 bones.
• Muscles are attached to your skull to help you smile!
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Muscles
• Muscles are attached to bones. Bones and muscles work as teams when you swing your arms and move your legs.
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Ball and socket joints• Bones meet at joints.
• Make a fist and put your fist in your open hand. This is how a ball and socket joint works.
• Your shoulders and hips are ball and socket joints.
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Hinge joints
• Hinge joints are like door hinges. Picture a door swinging open. Hinge joints allow bones like your elbows and knees to swing back and forth. Your knee locks when its straight and doesn’t bend backwards.
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Broken bonesBones are tough, but they can break. Fortunately, broken bones can heal. Special cells help repair the bone. How fast a bone heals depends on the kind of break. If the broken ends fit together well, a bone may heal more quickly.
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Your backbone
• Your backbone, or your spine, helps support your body. It is made up of bones called vertebrae.
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Your ribcage
• You have 12 pairs of ribs that are curved bones.
• Your heart and lungs are protected by your ribcage.
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Your arm bones• Your upper arm bone is called
your humerus.
• Your lower arm bones are the ulnaand radius
Hitting your “funny bone” usually isn’t funny at all. There is a nerve that runs over the ulna that makes hitting it painful!
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Your hands and feet
• Your hands have 27 bones in each! Your hands and wrist are easy to control because they have so many movable bones.
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Taking care of our bones
• Bones give us shape and allow us to move so taking care of our bones is important. The key to healthy bones is eating well and exercising.
• Our bodies need calcium to grow strong bones. Milk and broccoli are good sources of calcium.