The Human BodyThe Human Body

EDU 521EDU 521Jessica ViningJessica Vining

What are the systems of the body?What are the systems of the body?

Circulatory System Skeletal System

Respiratory System

The Respiratory SystemThe Respiratory SystemWhat is the major organ involved in the What is the major organ involved in the

human body’s respiratory system?human body’s respiratory system?

Correct!Correct! The major organ of the The major organ of the

respiratory system is the respiratory system is the lungslungs..

Oxygen is taken into the Oxygen is taken into the body through your nose body through your nose and mouth.and mouth.

The oxygen then travels The oxygen then travels down your down your tracheatrachea, , through the through the bronchibronchi, and , and into the into the lungslungs..

Oxygen enters the blood Oxygen enters the blood stream through the stream through the bronchiolesbronchioles and and alveolialveoli..

Respiratory System VocabularyRespiratory System Vocabulary Lungs: The lungs are one of the largest Lungs: The lungs are one of the largest

organs in the human body, and make it organs in the human body, and make it possible for you to breathe. They are possible for you to breathe. They are responsible for providing oxygen to your responsible for providing oxygen to your blood cells and the rest of your body. blood cells and the rest of your body.

Trachea: The trachea is the medical Trachea: The trachea is the medical term for what you might call your wind term for what you might call your wind pipe. Air travels down the trachea, pipe. Air travels down the trachea, which leads to the bronchus/bronchi.which leads to the bronchus/bronchi.

Bronchi: The bronchi stem off from the Bronchi: The bronchi stem off from the end of the trachea and into either side of end of the trachea and into either side of your lungs, feeding into the bronchioles.your lungs, feeding into the bronchioles.

Bronchioles: Bronchioles are like small Bronchioles: Bronchioles are like small branches that stem from the bronchi.branches that stem from the bronchi.

Alveoli: Alveoli are attached to the ends Alveoli: Alveoli are attached to the ends of each bronchiole, and feed fresh of each bronchiole, and feed fresh oxygen to the blood cells of the human oxygen to the blood cells of the human body.body.

The Circulatory SystemThe Circulatory System

True or False:True or False:The most important organThe most important organin the circulatory system,in the circulatory system,the heart, is actually athe heart, is actually amuscle. muscle.

A.A. TrueTrueB.B. False False

Correct!Correct! The heart is made up of four The heart is made up of four

different parts, or chambers. The different parts, or chambers. The two chambers on the top are two chambers on the top are called the atria, and the two called the atria, and the two bottom chambers are called the bottom chambers are called the ventricles.ventricles.

The heart’s main job is to pump The heart’s main job is to pump blood the atria and the ventricles, blood the atria and the ventricles, where the blood cells pick up fresh where the blood cells pick up fresh oxygen and then return to the oxygen and then return to the blood stream.blood stream.

There are four valves in the heart There are four valves in the heart which help direct the blood with which help direct the blood with fresh oxygen back to the blood fresh oxygen back to the blood stream. These are called the stream. These are called the mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valves.pulmonary valves.

What about circulation?What about circulation? Once the re-oxygenated blood Once the re-oxygenated blood

leaves the heart, it travels leaves the heart, it travels through veins and arteries, through veins and arteries, which together are called your which together are called your blood vessels. blood vessels.

Arteries are the blood vessels Arteries are the blood vessels that carry newly oxygenated that carry newly oxygenated blood blood awayaway from the heart. from the heart. Veins are the blood vessels that Veins are the blood vessels that carry blood carry blood back toback to the heart to the heart to get re-oxygenated.get re-oxygenated.

It takes the heart only 60 It takes the heart only 60 seconds to pump blood to every seconds to pump blood to every cell of your body. cell of your body.

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The Skeletal SystemThe Skeletal SystemHuman bones are essential for what purpose?Human bones are essential for what purpose?

A. To provide protection to internal organs such as the lungs, heart, brain, and spinal cord.

B. To provide the support necessary for activities such as walking.

D. All of the above.

C. To create blood cells for the body.

Correct!Correct! The human skeletal system has many important The human skeletal system has many important

functions, including providing protection for vital organs functions, including providing protection for vital organs such as the brain, lungs, heart, and spinal cord.such as the brain, lungs, heart, and spinal cord.

Bones are made up of four layers: the periosteum, Bones are made up of four layers: the periosteum, compact bone, cancellous bone, and bone marrow. Click compact bone, cancellous bone, and bone marrow. Click herehere to see a diagram of the layers of a bone. For an to see a diagram of the layers of a bone. For an explanation of what each specific layer does, click explanation of what each specific layer does, click herehere..

When a baby is born, their body contains about 300 When a baby is born, their body contains about 300 separate bones. As you grow, some of your bones fuse separate bones. As you grow, some of your bones fuse or grow together. When you are a full grown adult, your or grow together. When you are a full grown adult, your body contains 206 total bones.body contains 206 total bones.

Layers of a BoneLayers of a Bone

The Four Layers of a BoneThe Four Layers of a Bone The outermost layer, the The outermost layer, the periosteumperiosteum, contains nerves, , contains nerves,

as well as blood vessels which feed the bone. as well as blood vessels which feed the bone. The next layer is called the The next layer is called the compact bonecompact bone. This layer is . This layer is

hard and smooth; you would recognize it as what you hard and smooth; you would recognize it as what you see when you look at a skeleton!see when you look at a skeleton!

Cancellous bone Cancellous bone might remind you of a sponge, but might remind you of a sponge, but while it is not as hard as compact bone, it is still very while it is not as hard as compact bone, it is still very strong!strong!

The innermost layer of a bone is the The innermost layer of a bone is the bone marrowbone marrow. . Bone marrow is responsible for creating blood cells for Bone marrow is responsible for creating blood cells for the rest of the body. It might remind you of a dense jelly!the rest of the body. It might remind you of a dense jelly!

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