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The

Human Body:

An Orientation

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The Human Body: An Orientation

Unit Front Page

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The Human Body: An Orientation

At the end of this unit, I will:

Know how to use my Interactive Notebook.

Be familiar with some of the frequently used Greek and Latin roots in scientific

terms.

Explain the differences between anatomy and physiology, their relationship to

each other, and describe their subdivisions.

Explain the principle of complementarity.

Explain and name the different levels of structural organization that make up a human body and explain their relationship.

Name the different levels of structural organization that make up the human body, and explain their relationships.

List the 11 organ systems of the body, identify their components, and briefly

explain the major function(s) of each system.

Identify the functional characteristics important to maintaining life in humans.

Explain the survival needs of the body.

Define and explain the importance of homeostasis. Compare and contrast

negative and positive feedback systems that maintain homeostasis.

Describe the anatomical position describe body directions, body regions, body

planes and sections using the proper terminology.

Locate and name the body cavities and their subdivisions. List the major organs

contained within them.

Name the serous membranes and indicate their common function.

Name the nine regions and four quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity. List the

organs they contain.

Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes I will understand and recognize in words are:

Ana-, cyto-, epi-, gastr-, histo-, homeo-, hypo-, lumbus-, meta-, org-, para-, parie-, peri-, viscus-, corona-, venter-

-ology, -chondro-, -stasis, -tomy, -pathy

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Figure A: Label each of the following organ systems

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________

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Reading Guide: Chapter 1 Human Body: An Orientation

Instructions: The specific instructions for various activities and the grading rubric for reading guides can be found on pages 11 – 19 and pages 30 – 31 of

your intNB. Refer to these pages carefully, as you will be completing reading

guides all throughout this year. 1. Read Pgs. 2 – 3, 2nd column

Write a GIST for An Overview of Anatomy and Physiology on page 50 of your intNB. 2. Read pages. 3 –4 on Levels of Structural Organization, and Figure 1.3 Summary of the

body’s organ systems on pages 6 – 7 of your textbook. Label the organ systems on the opposite page 47 of your intNB, Figure A

3. Read pages 4 – 8 Write a GIST on Maintaining Life on page 50 of your intNB.

4. Read pages 8 – 11 on Homeostasis. Fill in the Venn Diagram on page 49 of this intNB, comparing and contrasting positive and negative homeostatic feedback mechanisms.

5. Read pages 12 – 15 on Language of Anatomy.

Create a five and six tab notebook foldable of the “Orientation and Directional Terms” on page 13, Table 1.1. On the front of the card, next to the illustration, write out the definition. Open the flap and on the inside, write out the term associated with the

illustration and definition on the front. Glue these tabs onto page 51 of your intNB. On page 54 and 56 of your intNB, create Cornell Notes vocabulary sheet of the regional

terms, Figure 1.7 from page 14 of your text. Write the correct regional term on the left “cue” column of your notes and common term on the note-taking column. An example has been started for you. There are 48 terms. You will be required to memorize these.

6. Read page 15, bottom of 1st column – page 19 Write a GIST on Body Cavities & Membranes on page 50 of your intNB. Continue on page

52 of your intNB if you need more space.

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Homeostasis

Positive Feedback

Negative Feedback

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Reading Guide Chapter 1

GIST 1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology

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Orientation and Directional Terms (Tabs)

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Short Story

Incorporate the Following terms into a story describing your worst nightmare. Underline or highlight the term(s) in the story.

Superior Inferior

Anterior Abdominal Cavity Dorsal

Pelvic Cavity Medial Oral Cavity

Lateral Proximal

Distal Superficial Deep

Skeletal System Cardiovascular System

Continue short story on page 55, if necessary

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Regional Body Terms Vocabulary Sheet

1. Nasal Nose

2.

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Short Story, continued

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Regional Body Terms Vocabulary Sheet

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Figure 1: Levels of Organization

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Date_______________

Chapter 1: The Human Body, An Orientation

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Body Systems Foldables

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Body Systems Foldables

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Figure 2: Label the orientation and direction in the diagram below

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Figure 6: Label the Body Planes

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Figure 7: Label the nine abdominal regions, serosa membranes, and synovial cavity

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Body Planes and Directions Activity

Banana Dissection Sketches:

I. Cross Section of Inferior Piece

II. Sagittal Section of The Smallest Superior Piece

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Body Planes and Directions Activity

Planes and directions are practiced using fruit and toothpicks. Be careful with the surgical instruments. Read and follow the instructions very carefully.

Materials: Knives

Marker Colored toothpicks Bananas

Rulers Banana:

1. Cut the banana on a transverse plane.

2. On the superior portion, make a cut on the sagittal plane.

3. Place a blue toothpick on the most lateral side of your largest superior piece.

4. Draw the cross section of your inferior piece.

5. Draw the sagittal section of your smallest superior piece.

6. Place a yellow toothpick on the most superior portion of your banana on the midline.

7. Place an X on the right inferior posterior portion of your banana, 2 cm from the most

caudal portion or area.

8. On the inferior piece, make an incision along the midline, moving in the inferior

direction on the posterior side, 2 cm deep and 2 cm long.

9. Place a red toothpick on the anterior face on any point on the left side of the inferior

piece.

10. Make an oblique cut on the superior piece, 1 cm from the right cranial side and 1 cm

from the caudal left side.

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Body Orientation Group Quiz

1. Describe how a body would be divided by each of the following types of planes:

A. Frontal (Coronal)

B. Midsagittal

C. Sagittal

D. Transverse

2. Identify the correct directional term to complete the following statements.

A. The liver is ___________ to the diaphragm.

B. Fingers are located_____________ to the wrist bones.

C. The skin on the dorsal surface of your body is said to be located on your_____________

surface.

D. The great (big) toe is ________________ to the little toe.

E. The skin on your leg is ________________ to the muscle tissue in your leg.

F. When you float face down in a pool, you are lying on your _________________ surface.

G. The lungs and the heart are located _____________________ to the abdominal organs.

3. Identify which cavity each of the following organs are in:

A. Heart __________________ G. Lungs ________________

B. Liver __________________ H. Spleen ________________

C. Intestines __________________ I. Kidneys ________________

D. Spinal Cord __________________ J. Stomach ________________

E. Brain __________________ K. Urinary Bladder ________________

F. Sex Organs __________________ L. Pancreas ________________

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Body Orientation Group Quiz

4. Fill in the blank completing the analogy.

A. anterior is to ventral as posterior is to ____________________________

B. superficial is to external as deep is to ____________________________

C. cranial is to caudal as superior is to ____________________________

D. medial is to lateral as proximal is to ____________________________

5. Match the organs with the cavity they are in.

CAVITY ORGAN

1.____ cranial cavity A. stomach

2.____ spinal cavity B. reproductive organs

3.____ thoracic cavity C. brain

4.____ abdominal cavity D. small intestines

5.____ pelvic cavity E. urinary bladder

F. spinal cord

G. liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen

H. lung

6. Match the abdominal region with the descriptive term:

1. ______ Iliac/inguinal A. above the stomach

2. ______ Epigastric B. near the belly button

3. ______ Lumbar/lateral C. below the stomach

4. ______ hypochondriac D. below the ribs

5. ______ Umbilical E. near the large bones of spinal cord

6. ______ hypogastric/pelvic F. near the groin

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Chapter 1

Study Guide

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The Human Body: An Orientation

Unit Back Page (see page 19 for directions)

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