THE HUMAN

BODY

CELLS:

A TINY BOX OF LIFE

MEMBRANENUCLEUS

CYTOPLASME

Cells, tissues, organs,

systems… The cell is the smallest living unit of a

human body.

◦ When a group of cells join, they form a

tissue.

When a group of tissues join, they form

an organ.

When a group of organs join, they form

a system.

All the cells, tissues, organs or systems that join

perfom the same work so they do it together.

Basic human processes

As all the living things in the

world, humans also perform

the three basic life

processes:

◦ Nutrition

◦ Interaction

◦ ReproductionUSEFUL LINKS:

http://www.primaria.librosvivos.net/archivosCMS/3/3/16/us

uarios/103294/9/5EP_Cono_ud1_in_184_1/frame_prim.s

wf

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/organisms_beh

aviour_health/cells_systems/activity/

In the first unit we are going to talk

about NUTRITION and the human

systems that perform this process.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

EXCRETORY SYSTEM

NUTRITION

Nutrition is the process that allows

humans to take the energy they need

from food.

But… nutrition doesn’t mean only

EATING, it also means BREATHING

from the air, EXPELLING what we

don’t need and moving the BLOOD all

around the body.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:

Vocabulary

MOUTH

PHARYNX SALIVARY GLANDS

ESOPHAGUS

LIVER

STOMACH

LARGE INTESTINE SMALL INTESTINE

RECTUM

ANUS

FIND THE WORDS:

mouth

esophagus

stomach

liver

intestine

rectum

anus

pancreas

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:

Function

The Digestive System breaks down

food into nutrients.

The Disgestive System absorbs the

nutrients.

The Digestive System eliminates the

waste.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:

How it works?

The Digestive System works on three

different processes:

◦ Digestion

◦ Absorption

◦ Elimination

DIGESTION

The food arrives to your mouth.

The salivary glands produce the saliva, and the tongue mixes everything, creating the

BOLUS.

The bolus goes through the esophagus.

In the stomach, the bolus is mixed with thegastric juices, creating the CHYME.

The chyme goes to your small intestine.

ABSORPTION

In the small intestine the chyme mixes

with some intestinal juices and the

bilis and makes the CHYLE.

The small intestine absorbs the

nutrients you need to live and the rest

goes to your large intestine.

In the large intestine, water from the

CHYLE is absorbed.

The CHYLE is transformed into

FECES. They go to the rectum and

are expulsed by the anus.

ELIMINATION

Follow these links to see the process again:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yB86O2giBu8&index=1&list=PLc-

Q5I46mTBx3OX-iedRKwsa1Eivg-26P

http://kitses.com/animation/swfs/digestion.swf

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:

Vocabulary

NASAL PASSAGESLARYNX

PHARYNX

WINDPIPE / TRACHEA

LUNGS

BRONCHI

BRONCHIOLES

ALVEOLI

2. They are the first

tubes inside the

lungs

3. They are at the

beginning of the

Respiratory System

5. It connects the

Nassal Passages to

the Pharynx

6. They are the

biggest and main

part of the

Respiratory System

1. It is also called

windpipe

4. It is the tube

before the trachea

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:

Function

The Respiratory System extracts oxygen

from the air and eliminates the Carbon

Dioxide (CO2) that your cells produce.

It exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide

between the lungs and the blood.

It exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide

between the blood and your body cells.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:

How it works? The Respiratory System works in two

steps:

The air enters by the nasal passages

and goes to the pharynx through the

trachea. This air is mainly oxygen.

The oxygen arrives to the lungs,

bronchi and bronchiole.

When the oxygen arrives to the alveoli

it passes to the blood.

INHALATION

The carbon dioxide (from the cells)

comes back to the alveoli.

The carbon dioxide goes to the

trachea and then to the nasal

passages.

Finally the carbon dioxide is sent to

the external air.

EXHALATION