the hp 48 pocket book - literature.hpcalc.orgin alist. forinstance, theprogram% £ 3 5 * sf * sets...
TRANSCRIPT
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The HP 48Pocket BookJames Donnelly
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The HP 48 Pocket Book
James Donnelly
Copyright © Armstrong Publishing Company 1993
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, transmitted, or stored in a retrieval system in any form or by any
process, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or means yet to be invented, without specific prior written permission of the author.
First Edition
First Printing, June 1993
ISBN 1-879828-05-7
Armstrong Publishing Company1050 Springhill DriveAlbany, OR 97321 USA
For information on additional HP 48 publications, like The HP 48 Handbook, contact your calculator dealer or write to Armstrong
Publishing Company.
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Flags
[Flag]DescripionClerSetDefauntSymbolic Math
—1 Principal Solution General solutions Principal solutions Clear-2 Symbolic Constants Symbolic form Numeric form Clear
-3 Numeric Results Symbolic results Numeric results Clear —4 Not usedBinary Integer Math
End
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Coordinate System
—15 Rectangularand Cylindrical Polar—16 Spherical Polar
Trigonometric Mode
—17 Degrees
and Radians—18 Grads
Math Exception
Vector/complex Vector ComplexUnderflow Exception Return O, Error
set =23 or 24
Overflow Exception Return tMAXR, Error
set —25
Infinite Result Error Return £MAXR,
set —26Pos. Underflow Ind. No Exception ExceptionNeg. Underflow Ind. No Exception Exception
Overflow Indicator No Exception ExceptionInfinite Result Ind. No Exception Exception
Symbolic Decompilation K+Y*=(X,Y) XY*=X+Y* (XYY
-
Plotting and Graphics
-30
-31-32
Not used
Curve FillingGraphics Cursor 1/0 Device
Printing Device1/0O Data Format
RECYV Overwrite
Double-spaced Print
LinefeedKermit Messages
Plotted serially—28 Plotting Multiple Functions—29 Trace mode Trace off
Wire
IRASCII
New variable
Single
Inserts LF
Msg displayed
Filling enabledVisible light bkgnd
1/0 and Printing
Plotted simultaneously
Filling disabledVisible dark bkgnd
IRWireBinary
OverwriteDouble
Suppresses LFMsg suppressed
Serial
Off
Enabled
Light
WireIR
ASCIINew
SingleInserts
Displayed
-
Time Management
Clock Display TIME menu only Always TIME menu
Clock Format 12-hour 24-hour 12 hour
Date Format MM/DD/YY DD.MM.YY MM/DD/YY
Rpt. Alarm Resched. Rescheduled Not Rescheduled Rescheduled
Acknowledged Alarms Deleted Saved Deleted
Notes: If flag —43 is set, unacknowledged repeat alarms are not rescheduled
If flag —44is set, acknowledged alarms are saved in the alarm catalog
Display Format
45_) Set the number ofdigits in Fix, Scientific, and
Engineering modes
Number Display Format
STD
and FIX
-50
|
SCIENG
—51 Fraction Mark
-52 Single Line Display
—53
|
Precedence
DecimalMulti
Suppressed
Comma
Single-line
() displayed
DecimalMulti-line
() suppressed
-
Miscellaneous
—-54 Singular Value Underflow Replaces “tiny” pivots with 0 No replacement Replaces
Last Arguments Not SavedBeep OffAlarm Beep OffVerbose Messages OffFast Catalog Display On
Onceto lock
Once to lock
Active
Twice to lock
Twice to lock
Alpha Key ActionUSR Key Action
User Mode Not Active
Vectored Enter Off
Set by GETI or PUTI when their element indices wrap around
Equatlon Library
-Umts Usage Units used Units not used Used
-
Operator PrecedenceOperator precedence controls the order in which calculations take place within an algebraic expression.
Functions with the highest precedence (1) are evaluated before those with the lowest precedence (11).
The evaluation order is left-to-right for operators having the same precedence. For instance, in the
expression '3+5*7', the multiply operation takes precedence over the add, resulting in the answer 38.
Expressions within parenthesesFunctions! (Factorial)Power (*) and square root ({)
Negate (—) multiply(*) divide (/)
Add (+) and subtract (-)Relational operators (==, #, ,
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Object Types
1.2345 XLIB nameReal number ®LIB 766 1
1 Complex number (2, 354.52 Directory DIR ... END
2 String "ABC" Library Library 766: ...3 Real array L1231 Backup object Backup HOMEDIR4 Complex array L 1,22 (344> 1] Built-in function SIN5 List £ "ABC" Yar X Built-in command SHAP6 Global name ® Internal binary integer 7 Local name y Extended real number Long Real8 Program €A 2+ ® Extended complex no. Long Complex9 Algebraic 'y=2 Linked array Linked Array
Binary Integer # 247Ah Character object CharacterGraphics object Graphic 131 x 64 Code object CodeTagged object Dist: 34.435 Library data Library DataUnit object External32_ft-52 External objects
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Reserved Variables
NameDescripionNameDescripfionALRMDAT Current alarm editing data PPAR PLOT parameters
CST Custom menu contents PRTPAR PRINT parameters (HOME directory)
EQ Current equation for SOLVE and PLOT VPAR 3D PLOT view volume parameters
EXPR Current expression for symbolic operations| ZPAR Stores copy of PPAR from prev. zoom
IERR Uncertainty of integration der... User-defined derivatives begin with der
IOPAR I/O parameters (HOME directory) nl, n2, ... Integers created by ISOLMHpar Saves the state of the Minehunt game sl, s2, ... Signs created by ISOL and QUAD
Mpar Multiple Equation Solver equation set SDAT Current statistical matrix
Nmines Specifies the number of Minehunt mines SPAR Statistics parameters
PICT References the graphics display
NOTE: 1/O and print commands affect only the copies of reserved variables /OPAR and PRTPAR in theHOMEdirectory.
-
0T
IOPARdefault:
{ baud parity receive-pacing transmit-pacing checksum translate-code }{ 9600 0 (No parity) 0 0 3 (CRC) 1 (LF to CR-LF) }
PPAR
default:
{ Xmin>Ymin) (Xmax»Ymax) indep res (X,yis,Yaxis) Ptype depend }{(-6.5-3.1) (6.5,3.2) X 0 (0,0) FUNCTION Y }
PRTPAR
default:
{ delay “remap” linelength “lineterm”}
{1.8 ““ 80 “CRLF”}
VPAR
default:
{ Xieft Xright Ynear Yfar Ziow Zhigh Xmin Xmax Xeye Yeye Zeyc Xstep Ystep }{(-11-11-11-11-110-301038}
ZPAR
default:
{ h-factor v-factor recenter-flag { last PPAR } }
{440{}}
YPARdefault:
{ independent-column dependent-column intercept slope model }{120 0 LINFIT }
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IlSymbolic Constants
The HP 48 has five constants which may be used in symbolic form or as approximate numerical values:
_Name Machine ValueT 3.14159265359
2.71828182846
(0,1)9.99999999999E4991.E-499
System flags —2 and -3 control evaluation of symbolic constants:
FlagDescripionClear Set [Default]-2 Symbolic Constants Symbolic form Numeric form Clear-3 Numeric Results Symbolic results Numeric results Clear
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[4!
Program Branch Structures
CASE IF IF IFERR IFERR
test; THEN action; END test—clause test—clause trap—clause trap—clause
test;, THEN action, END THEN THEN THEN THEN
true—clause true—clause error—clause error—clause
test, THEN action, END END ELSE END ELSE
default—action (optional) false—clause normal—clause
ENDEND END
Definite Loops Indefinite Loops
start finish START loop—clause NEXT DO loop—clause UNTIL test—clause END
start finish START loop—clause increment STEP WHILE test—clause REPEAT loop—clause END
start finish FOR counter loop—clause NEXT
start finish FOR counter loop—clause increment STEP
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elSystem Operations
Erases all memory (including port 0 and merged memory) and sets the HP 48 to its defaultstates. Merged memory remains merged.
Cancelsthe currentselection if selected before all keys are released.
Often known as a system halt or a warmstart, this operation places the calculator in a knownstate withoutresetting user memory. The stack is cleared, the VAR directory is set to HOME,the MTH menu is displayed, User mode is cleared, PICT is cleared, and the systemconfiguration is updated to recognize all libraries.
Starts the interactive self test.
Runs a continuous self test.
Coma mode: a deep—sleep shutdown which turns off the system timers (including the clock) andclears the system halt log.
Performs a graphics screen dump in HP 82240A/B graphics format (regardless of the I/O portselection).
Adjusts the display contrast
Cancels the next repeating alarm.
-
Vi
Unit Prefixes
HP 48 HP 48Symbol Symbol
quintillionquadrillion
quintillionthquadrillionth
trillionth
billionth
millionth
thousandth
hundredth
tenth
trillion
billion
million
thousand
hundred
A0BEST-
NY
Prefix—unit combinations that match built-in units are: au, cd, cu, ft, flam, kph, mph, min,
nmi, Pa, ph, pt, yd, andyr.
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S1
0
1
2
345
6
7
8
9
Menu Numbers
LAST Menu
CSTVAR
MTHMTH VECTRMTH MATR
MTH MATR MAKEMTH MATR NORMMTH MATR FACTR
MTH MATR COLMTH MATR ROW
MTH LISTMTH HYP
MTH PROBMTH REAL
MTH BASE
MTH BASE LOGICMTH BASE BIT
MTH BASE BYTEMTH FFTMTH CMPLMTH CONSPRGPRG BRCHPRG IFPRG CASEPRG STARTPRG FOR(€) EDITPRG DO(9) SOLVE ROOT SOLVRPRG WHILEPRG TESTPRG TYPEPRG LISTPRG LIST ELEM
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91
PRG LIST PROCPRG GROBPRG PICTPRG INPRG OUTPRG RUN@) UNITS(@) UNITS LENG(@) UNITS AREA(3) UNITS VOL(@) UNITS TIME(@) UNITS SPEED(@) UNITS MASS(@) UNITS FORCE(@) UNITS ENRG(@) UNITS POWR() UNITS PRESS(@) UNITS TEMP(@) UNITS ELEC(®) UNITS ANGL(@) UNITS LIGHT
(2) UNITS RAD(@) UNITS VISC(1) UNITSPRG ERROR IFERRPRG ERROR(9) CHARS(9) MODES(9) MODES FMT(9 MODES ANGL(9) MODES FLAG(9 MODES KEYS(9) MODES MENU(9) MODES MISC(9) MEMORY(9) MEMORY DIR(9) MEMORY ARITH(9] STACK(9 SOLVE(9) SOLVE ROOT() SOLVE DIFFEQ(9) SOLVE POLY
-
L1
(9 SOLVE SYS(€ SOLVE TVM(5) SOLVE TVM SOLVR(& PLOT(&) PLOT PTYPE(&) PLOT PPAR() PLOT 3D(&) PLOT 3D PTYPE(€ PLOT 3D VPAR(@ PLOT STAT(€ PLOT STAT PTYPE(@) PLOT STAT IPAR(@ PLOT STAT YPAR MODL(5) PLOT STAT DATA(| PLOT FLAG(& SYMBOLIC(€ TIME(&) TIME ALARM(€) STAT(€) STAT DATA
(@ STAT YPAR(@) STAT YPAR MODL(@) STAT IVAR(5) STAT PLOT&) STATFIT(€) STAT SUMS(910(€10 SRVR(910 IOPAR(€10 PRINT(9 10 PRINT PRTPA(910 SERIA(@) LIBRARY(@ LIBRARY PORTS(@) LIBRARY(() EQ LIB() EQ LIB EQLIB(| EQ LIB COLIB(€) EQ LIB MES(| EQ LIB UTILS
-
81
MessagesGeneral Messages
Insufficient MemoryDirectory Recursion
Undefined Local Name
Undefined XLIB Name
Memory ClearPower Lost
Warning:Invalid Card Data
Object In UsePort Not AvailableNo Room in Port
Object Not in Port
Recovering Memory
Try To Recover Memory?Replace RAM,Press ONNo Mem To Config All
No Room to Save StackCan't Edit Null Char.Invalid User FunctionNo Current EquationInvalid Syntax
LAST STACK Disabled
LAST CMD DisabledHALT Not AllowedArrayWrong Argument CountCircular ReferenceDirectory Not Allowed
Non-Empty Directory
Invalid DefinitionMissing LibraryInvalid PPARNon-Real ResultUnableto Isolate
No Room to Show Stack
Warning
Error:
Purge?Out of Memory
Stack
Last Stack
Last Commands
-
61
Low Memory (cont)Key Assignments Invalid DimensionAlarms Invalid Array ElementLast Arguments Deleting RowName Conflict Deleting ColumnCommand Line Inserting Row
Stack Operations Inserting Column
Too Few Arguments Statistics
Bad Argument Type
Invalid Y, Data
Bad Argument Value Nonexistent XDATUndefined Name Insufficient Y, DataLASTARG Disabled Invalid YPAR
Invalid 5 Data LN(Neg)
Incomplete Subexpression Invalid Y. Data LN(0)
Implicit (~) off Plot, Solve, Stat
Implicit (~) on
Floating Point ErrorsPositive Underflow
Negative UnderflowOverflowUndefined ResultInfinite Result
Invalid EQCurrent equation:No current equation.Enter eqn, press NEW
Name the equation, press ENTERSelect plot typeEmpty catalog
-
0z
Plot, Solve, Stat (cont.) Enter value (zoom out
undefined if >1), press ENTER
Nostat data to plot Copied to stackAutoscaling x axis zoom w/AUTO.Solving for X axis zoom.No current data. Enter y axis zoom.data point, press 2+ x and y—axis zoom.Select a model IR/wire:
ASCII/binary:
No alarms pending. baud:
Press ALRM to create parity:
Next alarm: checksum type:
Past due alarm: translate code:
Acknowledged Enter matrix, then NEW
Enter alarm, press SET Bad Guess(es)
Select repeat interval Constant?
1/O, Plot, Solve, Stat Interrupted
/O setup menu Root
Plot type: Sign Reversal" Extremum
(OFF SCREEN) LeftInvalid PTYPE RightNamethe stat data, press ENTER Expr
-
1T
Invalid PRTPARLow BatteryEmpty Stack
Row
Invalid Name
Unit Management
2817 Invalid Unit
2818 Inconsistent Units
/O and Printing
Bad Packet Block Check
Timeout
Receive Error
Receive Buffer Overrun
Parity ErrorTransfer Failed
Protocol Error
Invalid Date
Invalid Time
Invalid Repeat
Nonexistent Alarm
Polynomial Root Finder
49153 Unable to find root
Multiple Equation Solver
Invalid Server Cmd.
Port Closed
Connecting Invalid MparRetry # Single Equation
Awaiting Server Cmd. EQ Invalid for MINIT SendingReceiving
Object DiscardedPacket #Processing CommandInvalid IOPAR
Too Many Unknowns
All Variables Known
Illegal During MROOT
Solving forSearching
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[44
NUM CHROO0NHAWD—O
=e
nNnhWD—O
NUM CHR
Character CodesNUM CHR
OZIrZRCAIOTMOOODD™
NUM CHR
OJ2+~XRGrwITOo
*DdDOonoOw
NUM CHR
=42
HIFIKkOGAWS
SAKK
NUM CHR
Dano
--X
PA—
1&Ko
I&
NUM CHR
MRRMM
MRPy
AR
IeDIII
Ir
NUM CHR
HiErHeDeeDy
RoQe
Q@
QR
Qe06O
-
€
NUM CHR
NUM CHR
0NN
@3
aslo
ae
NUM CHR
PAN
LKECCHWNAOD
NUM CHR
o
q-
s
tu
W
W
x
Y=z
{
|
3
B
NUM CHR
-g
mD
HPFES4990@3mo
NUM CHR
~W
=AT
OMFW10e
NUM CHR
WGGX0k
NUM CHR
-0:
030
Os
04
Jt
Oy
LT - C:CrCC7 8
-
T
Command Reference
This command reference summarizes the stack operations in the HP 48. Each stack diagram is
representative of the usage of the command, but does notillustrate all of the possible combinations of
argumentsthat can be used. The following table lists the terms used in the stack diagrams.
Note that system modes may affect the interpretation of input parameters or the results of some functions.
Any objectReal number
Real number
Complex number or user—unit graphics coordinates
Real or complex number
Positive integer real number (rounded if non—integer)
Binary integer
Real number with units
CharacterstringList of objects
Graphics objectPixel coordinates
-
s¢
Description (cont.)hms Real number in HH.MMSS formattime Time in HH.MMSS formatdate Date in current MM.DDYYYY or DD.MMYYYY format (flag —42)T/F Test result: O (false) or non—zero (true)‘symb’ Expression or name treated as an algebraic[vector] Real or complex vector[[matrix]] Real or complex matrix{row col} Coordinates of an element in a matrixposition Real numberspecifying an elementin a list, vector, or matrix. Maybe list containing two
real numbersspecifying an element in a matrix.Global or local nameGlobal nameKey location: row—col or row—col.planeMenu specified as menu.pageDegrees of freedom (positive integer)Port number: 0 — 33 or & (wildcard)Backup objectLibrary object
Library identifier (port:library number)
‘name’
‘global’
IC or rc.pmm.ppd.o.f.
portbackuplibraryLID
-
9t
Command Reference Example
Description : 2: 1 3: 2: 1Copiesthe level 2 object into level 1 obj; obj, @ obj; obj, obj;
Note that most commands which do not acceptlists as one of the required arguments have been extended
to accept argumentsin a list, execute once for each argument(or set of arguments), and return the results
in a list. For instance, the program % £ 3 5 * SF * sets user flags 3 and 5.
The program
«{ 12632378122
returns the list
{314 48 >
A command like LINE which can accept coordinates in list form (pixel coordinates) cannot take lists of
coordinates.
-
ABSACKACKALLACOSACOSHADD
ALOGAMORTAND
ANIMATE
APPLY
ARC
ARCHIVEARG
ARRY—
—ARRY
ASIN
Absolute valueAcknowledges displayed past due alarmAcknowledges all past due alarmsArc cosine
Inverse hyperbolic cosineSame as +, but does element-wise additionof objects in listsAntilogarithmCalculates amortization from TVM variablesLogical or binary AND
Animatesa series of grobs
Returns evaluated expression as argument toan unevaluated local nameDraws an arc in PICT centered at (x,y),
radius r, counterclockwise from 6, to 6,Makes backup copy of HOME directoryArgument
Separates array into individual elements
Combines numbers into an array
Arc sine
z
z
{list;} {list,)
zpmts
#nl #nz
grobj ... grob, n
{ symb ... } ‘name’
(x,y) r 61 6,
:I0:name
z
[array]
Zy ..z, {dim}
z
LIl
LlLl
acos z
acosh z
{lists)
10%prin int bal#l’l3
grob; ... grob, n
‘name(symb...)’
-
ASINHASNASR
ATANATANHATICKATTACHAUTOAXESBARBARPLOTBAUDBEEPBESTFIT
BINBINS
BLANKBOX
Inverse hyperbolic sineMake a single user-key assignmentArithmetic shift right (preserves MSB)
Arc tangentInverse hyperbolic tangent
Specifies the tick spacing on plot axesAttaches library to current directoryScales y-axisSets the intersection of axesSelects bar plot
Drawsa bar plot of the data in YDATSets the serial baud rateSounds a beepSelects the statistics model that yielus largest
correlation coefficient and executes LR
Sets binary baseSorts YDAT data into bins using the
independent variable column as the keyCreates a blank graphics objectDraws a box in PICT
zobject rc.p
#Il]
zzZ
{xy}LID
(x.y)
LIl
iLl
ileleLl
-
Xpnin Width N =
#width #height -{#x#y; ) {#x#y, ) 2
[[by]...[by]] [by, bR]
-
6C
BUFLEN
BYTES
B—>R
CASECEILCENTRCFCHOOSE
CHRCKSMCLEARCLKADJCLLCDCLOSEIOCLTEACHCLUSRCLVARCLYCNRM
Returns the number of characters in the
serial buffer and 1 if no error occurred
Returns the checksum and size of an objectBinary to real conversion
Begins CASE...THEN...END...ENDNext greatest integerSets center of plot displayClears a system or user flagDisplays a choose box with highlightpositioned at the specified elementMakes a one character string
Selects the checksum schemeClears the stackAdds clock ticks (8192/sec) to the system time
Clearsthe stack displayClosesthe serial port, clears input bufferPurges the examples directoryPurges all user variables in the currentdirectoryPurgesthe statistics matrix YDATComputes the column norm of an array
“title” { list }
objects+n
Lyl
il
il
ilLy
n T/F
#cksum size
n
column-norm
-
0¢
COL+
COL-
COL-
—COL
COLCT
COLY
COMB
CON
COND
CONICCONJCONLIBCONSTCONTCONVERTCORRCOSCOSH
Inserts a column vector into an array [[matrix]] [vector] n
Deletes a column from a matrix [[matrix]] n
Transforms column vectors into a matrix [coly] ... [col,] n
Transforms a matrix into column vectors [[matrix]]
Collectslike terms ‘symby’
Specifies independent and dependent indep depend
statistics columns
Combinations of n object taken m at a time n m
Creates constant array { rowscols } z
Estimates the column norm condition [[matrix]]
number of a square matrix
Selects conic plot
Complex conjugate (x,y)
Displays the Constants Library catalog
Returns the value of a constant ‘constname’
Continues a halted program
Performs a unit conversion x_old y_new
Correlation coefficient of YDAT data
Cosine z
Hyperbolic cosine z
Llil
-
Ll
LlLlLlil
[[matrix]]’[[matrix]]’
[[matrix]]
[col;] ... [col,] n
‘symby’
Cn,m
[[matrix]]
condition-number
(x~=y)
constant
X_new’
correlation
cos zcosh z
-
Ie
CovCRCRDIRCROSSCSWPCYLIN
C—PX
C—R
DARCYDATE
—DATE
DATE+
DDAYS
DECDECR
DEFINE
DEG
DELALARMDELAY
DELKEYS
Sample covariance of YDAT dataPrints a carriage-rightCreates a directoryCross productColumn swapSets polar/cylindrical modeUser-unit to pixel coordinate conversion
Complex-to-real conversion
Calculates Darcyfriction factorReturns the system date
Sets the system date
Adds a number of days to a date
Number of days between two dates
Sets decimal baseDecrements and returns value of variableCreates user-defined function
Sets Degrees modeDeletes alarm from alarm list
Sets delay between printed linesClears user-key assignments
‘name’
[A][B][[matrix]] n m
(xy)
x,y)e/D Re
date
date *daysdate; date,
‘name’‘name=expression’
n
=55iRiR-iR
5
-iR=
iR>--=>5iR5
covariance
[AXxB][[matrix]]’
{#x #y}
Xy
ddate
date’
Adays
X
-
eDEPNDDEPTHDET
DETACH
—DIAG
DIAG—DIFFEQDISPDODOERRDOLISTDOSUBSDOTDRAWDRAXDROPDROPNDROP2DTAG
Specifies plot dependent variable ‘name’ —Counts the objects on the stack objects =Determinant of a square matrix [[matrix]] =
Detaches library from current directory library-number —
Returns vector of major diagonal elements [[matrix]] —
Creates matrix with specified diagonal elements [diagonals] n —
Selects differential equation plotDisplays objectin specified display line object nBegins DO ... UNTIL ... END structureGenerates system or user—defined error nApplies n arguments to an object {list;}...{list,} n obj
Executes object using argumentsin list {list} n objectDot product of two vectors [vector A] [vector B]
Draws a plotDraws axesDrops one object off the stack objectDrops n objects from the stack obj, ... obj; n
Drops two objects from the stack obj, obj;
Removes all tags from an object :tag:obj 11l
iLiLil
objects ndeterminant
[diagonals]
[[nxn matrix]]
{results}
{list }’X
-
£e
DUPDUPN
DUP2
D—-R
€EGV
EGVLELSE
ENDENDSUB
ENG
EQ—
EQNLIBERASE
ERRM
ERRN
ERROEVAL
Duplicates one object on the stack obj
Duplicates n objects on the stack obj, ... obj; n
Duplicates two objects on the stack obj; objy
Degrees—to—radians conversion X
Symbolic constant e
Computes eigenvalue and right eigenvectors [[matrix]
of a square matrix
Computes eigenvalues of a square matrix [[matrix]]
Beginsfalse clause in
IF...THEN...ELSE...END structureEnds program structures
Returns the number of frames in argumentlist for DOSUBSSets Engineering display mode n
Separates equation into left and right sides ‘symb;=symb,’
Displays the Equation Library catalog
Erases PICT
Returns the last error message
Returns the last error number
Clears the last error number
Evaluates an object o &
—
—
—
-
N
—
1l
aLl
ll
Ll
obj objobj,...obj; obj...obj;
Objl Obj2 Obj] Obj2
(m/180)x
2.71828182846
[eigenvectors]
[eigenvalues]
[eigenvalues]
‘symb;’ ‘symb,’
“string”#n
-
EXPEXPAN
EXPFITEXPMEYEPT
FOs
FACTFANNINGFC?FC?CFFTFINDALARMFINISHFIXFLOORFORFPFREE
Natural exponentialExpands an algebraic
Selects exponential curve-fitting modelNatural exponential minus 1Specifies eyepoint coordinates for 3D plotCalculates fraction of black-body emissive powerat temperature T between wavelengths 0 andFactorial or gamma functionCalculates Fanning friction factor
Tests a system or userflagTests and clears a system or user flagDiscrete Fourier transformReturns alarm index »n or O if no alarm is foundTerminates Kermit server modeSets Fix display modeNext smallest integerBegins FOR ... NEXT or FOR ... STEP structureFractional partFrees (makes independent) merged memory(port 1 only)
z‘symby’
X
eye Zeye
start end
X{name/LID} port
A
--iR>>iR>=o>==
exp z‘symb,’
exp(x)-1
fraction
n!
f
T/F
T/F
[array]’
n
-
Se
FREE!
FREEZE
FS?FS?CFUNCTIONGETGETIGOR
GRADGRAPHGRIDMAP
—GROB
GXOR
*H
HALT
HEAD
Frees (makes independent) merged memoryin port 1Freezes up to three display areas specifiedby lowerthree bitsTests a system or user flagTests and clears a system or user flagSelects function plotGets an element from a list or arrayGets an element from a list or arraySuperimposes grob’ onto grob at thespecified coordinatesSelects Grads modeEnters the Graphics environmentSelects the gridmap plot typeConverts object into graphics object
{name/LID}
*n
{list} index
{list} indexgrob { #x #y } grob’
object size
Superimposes and inverts grob’ onto grob at grob { #x #y } grob’the specified coordinatesMultiplies the vertical plot scale by specified factor
Suspends program execution until eitherCONTor KILL are executedReturnsthe first object in a list
X
{ obj, ... objy }
Ll
Llilyl
!l
T/FT/F
object{ list } index’ objgrob’’
grob
grob’’
Ob_] 1
-
HEXHISTOGRAMHISTPLOTHMS+
HMS-
HMS—
—HMS
HOMEiIDN
IF
IFERR
IFFTIFTIFTEMINCRINDEP
Sets hexadecimal baseSelects histogram plotDraws a histogram ofthe data in YDATAdds in HH.MMSSs format
Subtracts in HH.MMSSs format
Converts a number from HH.MMSSs format
Converts a number to HH.MMSSs format
Selects the HOME directorySymbolic constant iCreates an identity matrixBegins IF ... THEN ... ENDor [F ... THEN ... ELSE ... END structureBegins IFERR ... THEN ... ENDor IFERR ... THEN ... ELSE ... END structure
Inverse discrete Fourier transformIF ... THEN ... END test. Executes obj if T/F is true.IF ... THEN ... ELSE ... END testReturns imaginary part of a numberIncrements and returns value of variable
Specifies plot independent variable
hms; hms,
hms; hms,
hms
X
[array]T/F obj
T/F true-obj false-obj —
xy) = vy‘name’
‘name’
RA
—
—
-
—
hms;+hms,
hms;—hms,
X
hms
0,1)[[nXn matrix]]
[array]’
X
-
LE
INFORM Displays input formINPUT Suspends program, displays message, “message
“title” {labels} fmt {defaults} {initial values} —o
{data} T/F
prompt” = object
and waits for dataINV Inverse (reciprocal) z > 1zIP Integer part X ™ nISOL Isolates a variable in an equation ‘symby’ ‘global’ = ‘symb,’KERRM Returns the last Kermit error message - “message”KEY Returns numberindicating last key pressed - rclor0KGET Gets named data from remote device ‘name’ —KILL Cancels all suspended programs -LABEL Labels axes eLAST Returns last arguments - object(s)
LASTARG Returns last arguments - object(s)LCD— Returns LCD as 131x64 pixel graphics object - grob
—LCD Displays graphics object in the upper—left grob —corner of the stack display
LIBEVAL Executes library object. Upper three digits #n
are library number, lower three digits arefunction number.
-
8¢
LIBS Lists library objects attached to the current directory - {title LID port ... }
LINE Draws a line in PICT {#x; #y, } {#x0#y, )} 2
YLINE Returns best-fit line for ¥DAT data - ‘symb’
LINFIT Selects linear curve-fitting model -
LININ Determinesif an equation is linear in a variable ‘symb’ ‘name’ = T/F
LIST— Separates a list into individual elements { obj; ... obj, } = obj; ...obj, n
—LIST Combines n objects into a list obj; ... obj, n = { obj; ... obj, }
ALIST Computes first differences of objects in a list { obj; objy...obj, } = {objp_jobjzy..}
YLIST Sumsthe elementsin a list { objj ... obj, } = obj;+...+0bj,
[ILIST Returns the product of the elementsin a list { obj; ... obj, } = objy*...x0bj,
LN Natural logarithm z> Inz
LNP1 Natural logarithm of (argument+1) x = In(x+1)
LOG Common (base 10) logarithm z > logz
LOGFIT Selects logarithmic curve-fitting model **
LQ Returns LQ factorization of a matrix [[A]] = [[L1] [[Q]] [[P1]
LR Computes linear regression of YDAT data — intercept slope
LSQ Returns minimum norm least squares [B] [[A]] = [X]
solution to system or linear equations
LU Returns Crout LU decomposition of a square matrix [[AT] = [[L1] [[U]1 [[P]]
MANT Returns the mantissa of a number X 2y
-
6¢
TMATCH
IMATCH
MAXMAXRMAXY
MCALC
MEAN
MEMMENUMERGEMERGE1MINMINEHUNT
MINITMINRMINY
MITM
Match-and-replace, beginning withsubexpressionsMatch-and-replace, beginning with toplevel expressionReturns the maximum of two numbers XySymbolic constant — maximum real numberFinds the maximum column values of data in ¥DAT
‘symb’ {‘pattern’ ‘replacement’}
‘symb’ {‘pattern’ ‘repl’}
Sets Multiple Equation Solver variable to not ‘name’user-defined stateComputes means of the data in YDAT
Returns available memorySelects a built—-in menu or creates a custom menu mm.pp
Merges RAM card with main memory portMerges RAM card in port 1 with main memoryReturns the minimum of two numbersStarts the Minehunt game
Establishes Mpar from EQ
Symbolic constant — minimum real numberFinds the minimum column values of data in YDAT
> <
IL1l
i1ilil
!
Changesthetitle and variable menu in Mpar “title” { names }
—
-
N{
‘result’ T/F ‘result’ T/F
max(x,y)‘MAXR’
[xi- %]
-
014
MODMROOT
MSGBOXMSOLVRMUSER
NDISTNEGNEWOBNEXTNOT
NOVAL
NSUBNUM
—>NUMNUMXNUMYNXOBJ—
Modulo XySolves for single (‘name’) or all (“ALL”) ‘name’variables using the Multiple Equation SolverDisplays a message, waits for keystroke “message”Displays the Multiple Equation Solver menuSets Multiple Equation Solver variable to user— ‘name’defined stateNormal probability density mean variance XxNegates an argument zSeparates object from list or backup object objectEnds FOR ... NEXT or START ... NEXTLogical or binary NOT #n,
Placeholder for unspecified values in INFORMargument list
Returns the current frame number for DOSUBSReturns character code of a string’s first character “string”Evaluates an object to yield a numeric result object
Specifies number ofplot increments in X for 3D plot types nSpecifies number of plot increments in Y for 3D plot types nReturns the numberof data points in YDATDecomposes on object onto the stack { obj; ... obj, }
Ll
UA
Ll
Ll
ndist(mean,variance,x)
-z
object
#n2
NOVAL
-
Iy
OCTOFFOLDPRTOPENIOOR
ORDEROVER
PARAMETRICPARITYPARSURFACEPATH
PCOEF
PCONTOURPCOVPDIMPERM
PEVAL
PGDIRPICK
Sets octal baseTurns the calculator offRemaps printer output to the HP 82240A character setOpensIR or wired portLogical or binary OR
Rearranges the VAR menuCopies the level 2 object into level 1Selects parametric plotSets paritySelects parametric surface plotReturnsa list showing the current pathComputes coefficients of a polynomial withspecified rootsSelects pseudo-contour plotPopulation covariance of YDAT dataChangesthe size of PICTPermutations of n objects taken m at a timeEvaluates polynomial with specifiedcoefficients at xPurges specified directory and its contentsCopies nth objectinto level1
#n] #1'12
{ names }
obj; objy
[roots]
#horizontal #vertical
n m
[coefficients] x
‘name’
obj, ... obj; n
Ll
il
illilly
N1l
#1’13
Ob_) 1 Objz Ob_] 1
{ HOME names}
[coefficients]
Pn,m
y
obj, ... obj; obj,
-
w
PICTPICTUREPINITPIXOFFPIXONPIX?PKTPMAX
PMINPOLARPOSPREDVPREDXPREDYPRLCDPROMPTPROOT
PRSTPRSTCPRVARPR1
Returns the name PICTto level 1Enters the Graphics environment
Initializes RAM card in port 2Turns off a pixel in PICT
Turns on a pixel in PICTTests a pixel in PICTSends commands to serverSets the upper-right plot coordinates
Sets the lower-left plot coordinatesSelects polar plotFinds substring in string or object in list
Predicted dependent variable valuePredicted independent variable valuePredicted dependent variable valuePrints an image of the displayDisplays a prompt and halts the programComputes polynomial roots
Prints the stackPrints the stack in compact formatPrints the name and contents of a variablePrints the level 1 object
{ #x #y }{ #x #y}
{#x #y)“contents” “type”
(xy) =(x.y) =
A
{ list } objectX
yX
1L
il
Llill
T/F“response”
npredicted-valuepredicted-valuepredicted-value
[ roots ]
-
PSDEV Computes population standard deviation ofdata in YDATPurges one or more variablesReplaces an elementin an array orlistReplaces an elementin an array orlist andincrements the positionComputes population variances of YDATdata in columns specified by COLY,Returns list of objects in a portDisplays PICT with specified coordinate inthe upper-left cornerSelects power curve-fitting modelPixel to user-unit coordinate conversion
PURGEPUTPUTI
‘name’{ list } index obj{ list } index obj
PVAR
PVARSPVIEW
port{ #x #y }
£y
PWRFIT
PX-C
-Q—-Qn
QR
QUAD
QUOTERADRAND
{#x #y}
Converts numbersto fractional equivalent
—Q after factoring out 1t
Computes QR factorization of a matrixSolves a quadratic polynomial
Returns argument expression unevaluatedSets Radians modeReturns a random number between 0 and 1
(ATl‘symb;’ ‘global’
‘symb’
Ll
NN
AA4
>
{ list }’{ list }* index’
o Xm ]
{ list } type/bytes
(x,y)‘a/b’
‘a/b*m’
([QIT [IR1] [[P1]‘symb,’
‘symb’
-
RANK
RANM
RCEQRCI
RCIJ RCLRCLALARMRCLF
RCLKEYSRCLMENURCLY,RCWSRDMRDZRERECN
Estimates the rank of a rectangular matrix
Replaces or creates a matrix with randomintegers from -9 to 9Recalls the contents of the variable EQ
Multiplies elements in a row of a matrix by afactorMultiplies elements in row; of a matrix by a
factor and adds the result to elements in row;
Recalls the contents of a variableRecalls alarm from alarm listReturns a list containing two binary integersrepresenting the system and user flagsLists user-key assignments
Recalls number and page of active menuRecalls the contents of YDATRecalls the binary integer wordsizeRedimensions a matrix
Sets the random number seedReturns the real part of complex numberor arrayReceives file from remote Kermit and savesin named object
[[matrix]] =[[matrix]] =
N
[[matrix]] factor row —
[[matrix]] factor i j —
l‘name’n
Ll
[[matrix;]] {dim}
rank
[[matrix]]’
object
[[matrix]]’
[[matrix]]’
object{alarm}
{ #system #user }
{ obj; rc.p; ... }
mm.ppobjectn[[matrix,]]
-
Sy
RECV
REPEAT
REPL
RESRESTOREREVLIST
RKF
RKFERR
RKFSTEP
RL
RLB
RND
RNRM
ROLL
Receivesfile from remote Kermit and saves insender-named objectBegins loop clause in WHILE ... REPEAT ... END i/structureReplaces level 1 object onto level 3 object at { list} n object = {list}’position nSets the plot resolution #n —Replaces HOME directory with backup backup —Reverses the order of objects in a list { objy ...obj, } = { obj, ... obj; }Computes solution of initial value problem {tyof(ty) } tol tr = {tyyof(ty) } tolusing RKF methodComputes change in solution and { tyf(ty) } stepsize = {tyf(ty) } stepsize Ay errorerror estimate using RKF methodComputes next solution step of initial { ty f(t,y) } tol stepsize = { ty f(t,y) } tol next-stepvalue problem using RKF method
Rotates left by one bit #n; 2 #ny
Rotates left by one byte #ng; 2 #ny
Rounds fractional part of numberto n places Zpn7" 7y
Computes maximum value of the sums ofthe [array] & row-normabsolute values of all elements over all rows
Moves the level n+1 object to level 1 obj, ... obj; n objp.1 ... obj; obj,
-
9
ROLLD
ROOTROT
ROW+
ROW-
ROW—
—-ROW
RR
RRB
RREF
RRK
RRKSTEP
RSBERR
RSD
RSWP
Movesthe level 2 objectto level n obj, ... obj;n = obj; objp, ... obj,Finds a numerical root ‘symb’ ‘name’ guess — rootMovesthe level 3 object to level 1 obj3 obj, obj; @ obj, obj; objsInserts a row vector into a matrix [[matrix]] [vector] n = [[matrix]]’Deletes a row from a matrix [[matrix]] n = [[matrix]]’Transformsa series of row vectors into a matrix [vector;] ... [vector,] n = [[matrix]]
Transforms a matrix into a series of row vectors [[matrix]] = [vector(] ... [vector,] n
Rotates right by one bit #n; — #ny
Rotates right by one byte #n; > #n,Computes reduced row echelon form of a [[matrix] = [[matrix]]’rectangular matrixComputes solution of initial value problem {tyof(ty) } tol tr = {tgygf(ty) } tol
using Rosenbrock and RKF methodsComputes next { ty f(t,y) of/dT of/dy } tol stepsize = { ty f(t,y) of/0T of/dy } tol next-stepsolution step of initial value problem using Rosenbrock and RKF methodsComputes change { ty f(t,y) of/dT df/dy } stepsize = { ty f(t,y) of/dT of/dy } stepsize Ay errorin solution and error estimate using Rosenbrock and RKF methods
Computes a correction to the solution of a [B][[All[Z] — [B-AZ]system of equationsRow swap [[matrix]] index; index, = [[matrix]]’
-
Ly
R—BR—-C
R-D
SAME
SBRK
SCALE
SCATRPLOT
SCATTER
SCHUR
SCI
SCONIJ
SDEV
SENDSEQ
SERVERSFSHOW
SIDENS
Real-to-binary conversion - #nReal-to-complex conversion Xy 2 (xy)
Radians-to-degrees conversion x = (180/m)x
Tests two objects for equality obj; obj, @ T/FSendsserial break -Specifies x and y scale in units per 10 pixels Xy ™Draws a scatter plot of the data in YDAT -Selects scatter plot -Computes the Schur decomposition of a square matrix [[A]]l = [IQI [ITNSets Scientific display mode n —Conjugates the contents of a variable ‘name’ —Computes sample standard deviations of the data = [ X]..Xplin YDATSends object to another Kermit device ‘name’ —Generates a list of results from repeated obj ‘name’ start end step = { list }execution of an object
Selects Kermit server mode eSets a system or user flag tn —Resolves all name references ‘symb;’ ‘name’ = ‘symb,’
Intrinsic density of silicon as a function of temperature T — density
-
SIGN Sign of a number
SIN SineSINH Hyperbolic sine
SINV Inverts the contents ofa variableSIZE Finds the dimensions of an objectSL Shifts left by one bit #nySLB Shifts left by one byte
SLOPEFIELD Selects slopefield plotSNEG Negates the contents of a variable ‘name’SNRM Computes the spectral norm of an array [[matrix]]SOLVEQN Places Equation Library equatinn(s) in solver subject title PICT—option
and places corresponding picture in PICT ifPICT-option is non—zero
SORT Sorts the elements of a list in ascending order { list }SPHERE Sets polar/spherical mode
SQ Squares a number or matrix zSR Shifts right by one bit #nSRAD Computes spectral radius of a square matrix [[matrix]]SRB Shifts right by one byte #n,SRECV Reads n characters from the I/O port nSTART Begins START ... NEXT or START ... STEP start end
Zysinz
sinh z
nor { dim }#Ilz
#l’l2
spectral_norm
S--iRiRN55->N
#1'12
spectral_radius
#n2
NR
RA
-
6y
STDSTEP
STEQSTIME
STO
STOALARM
STOF
STOKEYS
STO+
STO-
STO=*
STO/
STOY,STR—
—STR
STREAM
STWSSUB
Sets Standard display modeEnds FOR ... STEP or START ... STEPStores into reserved variable EQSets serial timeoutStores an object into a variableStores alarm in system alarm listSets the system and userflagsMakes multiple key assignments
Storage additionStorage subtractionStorage multiplication
Storage divisionStores into reserved variable YDATEvaluates the commands defined by a string
Converts an object to a string
Executes object using first two objects in listthen executes object using next object in listand previous result until list is exhaustedSets the binary integer wordsizeExtracts a portion of a list, string, or grob
)
increment
objectseconds
object ‘name’
time{ #system #user }
{ obj; rc.py ... }
object ‘name’object ‘name’object ‘name’
object ‘name’object
“string”
object
{ list } object
n{ list } start end
Ll
illellellell
alarm_number
“string”
object
{ list }
-
0s
SVDSVLSWAP
SYSEVAL
—-TAG
TAILTANTANHTAYLR
TDELTA
TEACHTEXTTHENTICKSTIME
—TIME
TINC
TLINE
TMENUTOT
Computes the singular value decomposition of a matrix [[Al] =Computes the singular values of a matrix [[matrix A]] —
Swaps the objects in levels 1 and 2 obj, obj;
Executes a system object specified by address #n —
Tags an object with another object object “tag” —
Returns a list less its first object {list}
Tangent z ™
Hyperbolic tangent z >
Computes a Taylor series approximation ‘symb;’ ‘name’ degree —
Calculates temperature difference T, T, 2
Creates example directory in the VAR menu iSelects the stack display -
Begins true-clause of IF, CASE, or IFERR structures T/F —
Returns time in binary integer clock ticks (8192/sec) i
Returns current time using 24 hour format -
Sets the system time using 24 hour format HH.MMSS —
Adds temperature increment T; increment =
Toggles pixels on a straight line {#x#y; } {#x 8y, }
Displays temporary menu mm.pp ~
Sumsthe columns in YDAT -
(U IV 8][vector S]Objl 0bj2
‘tag:object
{ list }’tan z
tanh z
‘symby’
difference
#n
HH.MMSS
T,
-
IS
TRACE
TRANSIOTRN
TRNC
TRUTHTSTRTVARS
TVMTVMBEGTVMENDTVMROOTTYPE
UBASEUFACT
—UNIT
UNTILUPDIRUTPC
Computesthe trace (sum of diagonal elements)of a matrix
Selects character translation modeTransposes a matrix
Truncates a numberto n digits
Selects truth plotConverts date and time numbers to string formLists the variables of specified type in thecurrent directory
Displays the TVM menuSets Begin payment modeSets End payment modeSolves for TVM variableReturns the type of an object (see Object Types)
Converts unit object to SI base unitsFactors specified compound unit
Combines a number and unit object to createa new unit objectBeginstest—clause of DO ... UNTIL ... ENDMakes parent directory the current directoryUpper-tail Chi-Square distribution
[[matrix]]
n[[matrix;]]
Z1 n
date time
type
‘name’
object
X_units
X_units; y_unitsy
X y_units
d.o.f. x
-
Ll
Llily
Llil
!Ll
[[matrix;]]
Zy
“string”{ names }
value
type
y_base-unitsX’ _unitsy*unitss
X_units
utpe(d.o.f.,x)
-
s
UTPF
UTPNUTPTUVAL
—-V2
—-V3
V-
VAR
VARSVERSIONVTYPE*W
WAIT
WHILEWIREFRAMEWSLOG
XCOL
Upper-tail F-distribution
Upper-tail normal distributionUpper-tail Student’s t-distributionReturns scalar portion of unit objectCombines two real numbers into 2D vectoror complex number
Combines three real numbers into 3D vector
Separates a 2 or 3 element vector
Sample variances of YDAT dataReturnslist of variables in the current directoryReturns operating system version and copyright msgReturns the type of an object in named variable
Multiplies the horizontal plot scale by specified factor(alter PPAR)
Pauses program execution for n seconds or waits for a
key (n=0)
Begins WHILE ... REPEAT ... END structureSelects wireframe plot type
Returns fourstrings indicating time, date, and sourceof four most recent system halts
Specifies YDAT column as the independent variable
d.O.f.l d.O.f.2 X
mean variance X
d.of. x
X_unit
Xy Ll
Lll
Xyz
[xyz]
iR
5
iRiR>5>
x-column —
utpf(d.o.f.{,d.o.f.5,x)
uptn(mean,variance,x)
utpt(d.o.f.,x)
X
[xy]
[xyz]Xyz
[X]~-~Xn]
{ names}“version” *
type
copyright”
rc.p (n=0)
“string;”... “‘stringy”
-
€S
XMITXOR
XPONXRECVXRNG
XROOT
XSENDXVOL
XXRNG
YCOLYRNG
YSLICEYVOL
YYRNG
ZFACTOR
ZVOL
v
Sendsstring through I/O port without KermitLogical or binary XOR
Returns the exponent of a numberReceive an object using Xmodem protocolSpecifies x-axis plotting range
Returns x™ root of y
Sends an object using Xmodem protocol
Sets the width of the 3D plotting volume
Sets width of 3D target mapping range for gridmapand parsurface plotsSpecifies a YDAT column as the dependent variableSpecifies y-axis plotting range
Selects yslice plot typeSets the depth of the 3D plotting volume
Sets the depth of 3D target mapping range for gridmapand parsurface plotsCalculates gas compressibility factor Z
Sets the height of the 3D plotting volume
Square root
“string”#I‘ll #n2
X
‘name’
Xmin Xmaxy X
‘name’
Xleft Xright
Xmin Xmax
y-column
Ymin Ymax
Ynear Yfar
Ymin Ymax
T, PZiow Zhigh
z
Llel
Ll
Ll
lLl
Ll
#Il3
n
vy
1 or “unsent” 0
-
yS
Integral lower-limit upper-limit ‘integrand’ ‘name’
Derivative ‘symb;’ ‘name’
Symbolic constant 7t
Summation ‘index’ initial-value final-value ‘summand’
Sum of data in independent ¥DAT column
Sum of squaresof data in independent YDAT column
Sum of data in dependent ¥DAT column
Sum of squares of data in independent YDAT column
Sum of products of data in independent and
dependent YDAT columnsAppends one or more data points to XDAT
Deletes last row from YDATLess-than comparison
Greater-than comparison
Less-than-or-equal comparison
Greater-than-or-equal
Not-equal comparison
Equal comparison
Logical equality comparison
integral
‘symb,’v
sum
XX>X;2PRXY2X;Y;L
liLl
Ly
It
IVIAV
<e<Y<
Ll
N N N~ > et
-
Assigns local variable(s)
Adds two objects
Subtracts two objects
Multiplies two objects
Divides two objects
Raises a number to a power
Factorial or gamma function
Substitutes symbolics for names in a symbolic
expression
PercentPercent change
Percent total
A
100(y-x)/x
100y/x
Ll
-
9¢
Going Further
Do you want to know more about your HP 48? The HP 48 Handbook is the ultimate reference for peoplewho want to get the most from the HP 48 calculator. The Handbook contains chapters that cover allaspects of programming, user interface design, graphics, data transfer, memory management, custommenus, and much more. Additional reference tables cover the equation library, constants, key locationcodes, units, and much more. Many example programs are included to demonstrate variousprogramming and graphics techniques. The command reference lists every stack diagram, keystrokeaccess, characteristics, and related flags for every command. Do you want to place graphics in the stackdisplay? Perhaps work with extended precision real numbers? The System Programming chapterintroduces the magical world of internal unnamed objects accessible through the SYSEVAL command.
The HP 48 Handbook is the HP 48 reference book you can’t live without!
To order a copy of The HP 48 Handbook, contact your calculator dealer or send a check (or postal moneyorder) for $20 in U.S. dollars drawn on a U.S. bank (overseas bank drafts are not accepted) to:
Armstrong Publishing Company1050 Springhill Drive
Albany OR 97321 USA
-
The HP 48 Pocket BookFlags
Operator Precedence 7
Object Types 8
Reserved Variables 9
Symbolic Constants 11
Program Branch Structures 12
System Operations 13Unit Prefixes 14
Menu Numbers 15
Messages 18
Character Codes 22
Command Reference 24
Going Further 56
The HP 48 Pocket Book goes where you go — providing a concise collection of handy tables coveringmany aspects of HP 48 operations and a 32 page command reference listing the syntax for all commands.
ISBN 1 - 879828-05-7