The historic environment and INSPIRE

- a view from Scotland.

Peter McKeagueRoyal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland

peter.mckeague@rcahms.gov.uk

an unmandated view from Scotland

/

http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/14279/

(C) Crown Copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100020548

RCAHMS maintains Canmore http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/ a publically accessible database Canmore holds:- - nearly 300,000 site records - over 1 million related Collections items

http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/357547/

and is responsible for archaeological content published on a range of Ordnance Survey maps

1. What is INSPIRE?

2. Outline of adoption of INSPIRE and aspirations of Scottish SDI

3. Published historic environment Datasets for Scotland

4. INSPIRE implementation across the historic environment in the UK

5. A different model – the Marine Sector

6. Towards an Archaeological Spatial Data Infrastructure

Outline of talk

The INSPIRE Directive

INSPIRE sets down the general rules for establishing an infrastructure for spatial information in Europe for the purposes Community environmental policies and policies or activities which may have an impact on the environment

• Data should be collected once and maintained at the level where this can be done most effectively

• The ability to combine seamlessly spatial data from different sources and share it between many users and applications

• Spatial data should be collected at one level of Government and shared between all levels

• Spatial data needed for good Governance should be available on conditions that are not restricting its extensive use • It should be easy to discover which spatial data is available, to evaluate its fitness for purpose, and to know which conditions apply for its use.

Source: David Fry, Inspire Directive: GIS Professional issue 15, April 2007, 18

http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/1123289/

The INSPIRE Directive

Source: http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reports/ImplementingRules/inspireDataspecD2_3v2.0.pdf

Annex I1. Coordinate reference systems2. Geographical grid systems3. Geographical names4. Administrative units5. Addresses6. Cadastral parcels7. Transport networks8. Hydrography9. Protected sites - *

Annex II1. Elevation2. Land cover3. Ortho-imagery4. Geology

Annex III 1. Statistical units 2. Buildings 3. Soil 4. Land use 5. Human health and safety 6. Utility and governmental services 7. Environmental monitoring facilities - * 8. Production and industrial facilities - * 9. Agricultural and aquaculture facilities - * 10. Population distribution – demography 11. Area management/restriction/regulation zones & reporting units - * 12. Natural risk zones 13. Atmospheric conditions - * 14. Meteorological geographical features - * 15. Oceanographic geographical features 16. Sea regions 17. Bio-geographical regions - * 18. Habitats and biotopes - * 19. Species distribution - * 20. Energy Resources - * 21. Mineral resources - *

- * heavy weighting towards the natural environment

A Spatial Data Infrastructure

SDI is the technology, policies, standards, human resources and related activities necessary to acquire, process, distribute, use,maintain and preserve spatial data

Guidance, Policy and Implementation in Scotland

2004: One Scotland, -One Geography. A Geographic Information Strategy for Scotlandhttp://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/57346/0016922.pdf 2009: INSPIRE Statutory Instrument http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2009/440/contents/made 2010: Cookbook 1 How to serve a Scottish SDI and INSPIRE compliant WMS http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/311518/0098305.pdf In preparation: Cookbook 2 How to serve a Scottish SDI and INSPIRE compliant WFS

One Scotland Mapping Agreement

Replaces separate central andlocal government agreements

Reduces duplication

Simplifies licensing to ensureconsistent rights for all members

Improves cross public sectorPartnerships

Enables data sharing across Partner organisations as partof part of public sector ‘core business’ activities

Contractor and End User Agreements to share data morewidely

http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/public-sector/scotland/index.html

BUT issues with Derived Data and Rights Management remain

Scottish Spatial Data Infrastructure Metadata Portal

http://scotgovsdi.edina.ac.uk/srv/en/main.home

Scottish Spatial Data Infrastructure Metadata Portal

RCAHMS Metadata on www.data.gov.uk

Metadata and Services submitted through Scottish SDI are published on data.gov.uk

Canmore metadata record: http://data.gov.uk/dataset/canmore-the-national-monuments-record-of-scotland

Canmore WMS: http://data.gov.uk/dataset/web-map-service-for-canmore-the-national-monuments-record-for-scotland-and-its-maritime-waters

Protected Sites and the wider Historic Environment

A Protected Site is defined as an

“Area designated or managed within a framework ofinternational, Community and Member States' legislation to achieve specific conservation objectives” [Directive 2007/2/EC].

“..a Protected Site is an area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effectivemeans.”  [International Union for the Conservation of Nature]

Annex I

Published Historic Environment Services in Scotland

Historic Scotland have published metadata and WMS for: Scheduled MonumentsListed BuildingsGardens and Designed Landscapes

Download services for spatial datasetsDeveloping a hosted service for Conservation Areas on behalf of Local authorities

RCAHMS Have published metadata and WMS for the

National inventory (Canmore)Maritime wrecks and documented losses

are preparing WMS for more detailed datasets are promoting INSPIRE principles to Local Authority archaeological servicesPilot studies reconnecting geographies

Museum collectionsDeveloping hosted services for selected Local Authority data

Elsewhere, a much more restrictive interpretation of ‘Protected Sites’ focuses on only those sites that are protected through statutory designation

Local authority Historic Environment Records Curate Monument and Event Records Several have WMS for their own purposes but none formallypublished through the Scottish Spatial Data Infrastructure Discovery Portal

Publication via portals: Canmoremapping (2011)

Both background mapping and foreground data provided through WMS

http://canmoremapping.rcahms.gov.uk/

Canmoremapping: adding more data

Publication via portals: Pastmap (2012-13)

In development

Background mapping provided through WMS, foreground data as WFS and Shape file

Protected Sites data across the United Kingdom

... and across boundaries

Part of this tomb is in the townland of Garvagh, Co. Tyrone

MEDIN: The Marine environment

http://portal.oceannet.org/search/full/catalogue/medin.ac.uk__MEDIN_2.3__Canmore.xml/

National Marine Plan Interactive Planning tool

http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/marine/seamanagement/nmpihome/nmpi

RCAHMS Wreck data, Historic Scotland Scheduled Monuments in Scapa Flow, Orkney

Information delivery

Third Party Background

mapping

RCAHMSdatasets

Third partydatasets

Held and managed locally by RCAHMS

Internal RCAHMS use

Consumed by RCAHMS websites

Dedicated Web Services, WMS or WFS for RCAHMS

Portals

Metadata Published through SDI

WMS and WFS published through SDI

Canmoremapping

Pastmap

What is happening

ScotlandsPlacesKML downloads

Data Delivery UseRightsManagement

Information delivery

Third Party Background

mapping

RCAHMSdatasets

Third partydatasets

Held and managed locally by RCAHMS

Internal RCAHMS use

Consumed by RCAHMS websites

Web services from third party provider

Dedicated Web Services, WMS or WFS for RCAHMS

Portals

Metadata Published through SDI

WMS and WFS published through SDI

Canmoremapping

Pastmap

Third Party Portals

Consumed remotely by third party users

What is happening

ScotlandsPlacesKML downloads

Data Delivery UseRightsManagement

What could happen

The INSPIRE Directive

Annex I1. Coordinate reference systems2. Geographical grid systems3. Geographical names4. Administrative units5. Addresses6. Cadastral parcels7. Transport networks8. Hydrography9. Protected sites

Annex II1. Elevation2. Land cover3. Ortho-imagery4. Geology

Annex III 1. Statistical units 2. Buildings 3. Soil 4. Land use 5. Human health and safety 6. Utility and governmental services 7. Environmental monitoring facilities 8. Production and industrial facilities 9. Agricultural and aquaculture facilities 10. Population distribution – demography 11. Area management/restriction/regulation zones & reporting units 12. Natural risk zones 13. Atmospheric conditions 14. Meteorological geographical features 15. Oceanographic geographical features 16. Sea regions 17. Bio-geographical regions 18. Habitats and biotopes 19. Species distribution 20. Energy Resources 21. Mineral resources

Source: http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reports/ImplementingRules/inspireDataspecD2_3v2.0.pdf HER dataArea management/restriction/regulation zones & reporting units June 2012Bio-geographical regions September 2012

The Inveresk Archaeologcial Map (2005)

Combined:-

Aerial surveyTranscription

Geophyisicalsurvey extents

Geophysical surveyGrey scale plots

Excavation extents

Excavation Detail

More than simply ‘Archaeological Events’

Towards an Archaeological Spatial Data infrastructure...

National SDIs can provide a model and infrastructure for an archaeological SDI enabling a richer combination of datasets beyond those mandated by INSPIRE to be combined

LocationSite extent; Protect PlacesCharacterisation Activities

Aerial survey mappingRemote SensingField SurveyField WalkingExcavation

AnalysisScientific Dating

Current OS mapping Historic OS mapping

Historic landuse Assessment Third Party imagery

Delivering a sustainable approachhttp://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/294740/

Delivering a sustainable approach through OASIS

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2012

2606 projects reported through OASISsince April 2007 (1188 completed)

155 projects have spatial extents attached. Of these, 72 projects are in Highland Council area (16 complete)

49 completed projects with spatial extents attached

Commercial units are ready to complysubmitting project extents as part of adischarge of a Planning Condition

Conclusions....

Need to adopt national SDIs to provide the infrastructure for archaeological data

Requires co-ordination - both nationally and internationallyInteroperability – developing multi-lingual thesauri

- agreeing minimum common standards / schema

Map base approach needs to link to richer associated data

Archaeological approach must be participatory – requires buy-in from the primary data creators

Contact: peter.mckeague@rcahms.gov.uk

• Remote access to information through Spatial Data Infrastructures is the future

• Historic Environment Data needs to be visible in an SDI (otherwise it is ignored)

• Historic Environment Data needs to be understood by the layman

• Need to facilitate publication of richer data from the activities that inform our records