the gullah people of souhth carolina (draft)[012914]
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Megan BeltonLouise Dugue
Anthony GrissettCarol Mann
Francine SardarsinghLisa Sanchez
THE GULLAH P EOPLE OF SOUTH CAROLINA HEALTH B ELIEFS , B EHAVIORS AND P RACTICES
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Ethnic/Racial Identity
Descendants of enslaved Africansfrom the Rice Coast, Gold Coast,Calabar, Congo and Angola .
Embraced and maintained beliefsand practices of African ancestors .
Incorporated spiritual beliefs andpractices of captors.
Separation from mainlandresidents enabled the Gullahpopulation to retain components of
African culture.
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Language Communication Process
What is Gullah?The Gullah language isa Creole dialectgermane to African
descendants indigenousto the sea islands off theCarolina coasts.
The Gullah dialect is the
result of being sociallyisolated from themainland population.
Gullah Expressions beat on ayun: "mechanic";
literally, "beat-on-iron"
troot ma-wt: "a truthfulperson"; literally, "truth mouth"
ma-wt: "hush mouth"; literally,"hush mouth"
sho ded: "cemetery"; literally,"sure dead"
tebl tappa: "preacher";literally, "table-tapper"
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Language: Historical ContextTraditional
Gullahs
(1st
circle)
ModernGullahs
(2nd
circle)
GullahFamily
(3rd
circle)
GullahDiaspora
(4th
circle)
GullahDescendants
(5th
circle) Modern
descendants ofthe Gullahpeople
Remain in thelow countryregion
Carry on thetraditions forlanguage/Gullahlifestyle
Never movedaway from home
Speech has beenpassed downgenerations sinceslavery days
ContinuityRemains
connected totraditional Gullahlands, language,
culture
Two Groups: Eithernever lostconnection to theirGullah lands or hasnever lostknowledge of thelanguage/culture
1st Group: familiesremained in areabut lost much oftheir inherited traits
2nd Group: movedaway, but retainedtheir Gullahspeech/culture
Land or LanguageRetained one of theother, but not both
1st Group:ancestors movedaway , lost theGullah knowledge ,always kept incontact with kinfolkstaying connectedwith family tiespertaining to theregion
2nd Group: familiesmoved away buthave returned toreunite andreintegrate andreacquirecommunitylanguage/culture
Unbroken FamilyTies
Never lost contactwith their kinfolk intheir low country
Still speak thelanguage
Retain many ofthe Gullahcustoms
Black Seminoles:Gullah slaves thatescaped tosouthern Floridaswamps
The Modern BlackSeminoles
Still speak a versionof Gullah and
although are apartof their own
communities, theyhave undeniable
traits of the Gullahpopulation
Grew up outside ofthe low country
Recentlydiscovered theirrelation to theancestors of theGullah peoplethrough extensiveresearch
Initially lost touchof this population,but recentlyregained aconnection totheir Gullah traitsof the low country
(Campbell, 2011)
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Language Communication ProcessCurrent Use It is estimated that 100,000
people still speak Gullahwith relations to both theEuropean and West Africanlanguage
The Gullah/Geecheelanguage was acceptinglyspoken within the home ofthe Gullah population, buthighly criticized within theschool system with greatinfluence to learn thepreferred English language.
The language wasnegatively interpreted asan ignorant and inferiorlanguage for several years.
(Green, 2013: Keedle, 2005: Campbell, 2011)
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Health Beliefs & Healing Practices
A recent study focusing on thehealth beliefs and practices of theGullah People (Banks, 2013)
found thatfamilial influence encouragedthe use of folk medicinesuperstition played a majorrole in their health practices
andspirituality was played acentral role in health andhealing as they were taughtthat belief was the
cornerstone of the healingrocess
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Religious Beliefs & Spirituality
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Life Cycle Events
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Nutritional Behavior/Diet
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Nutritional Behavior/Diet
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Medical/Health Care Access and Experience
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Diagnosis Guiding Health Promotion Project
Community Assessment & Problem Analysis
ProblemMen, women and children self identified as members of South CarolinasGullah population have obesity rates higher than the state and nationalaverages.
Risk toCommunity
Increased prevalence of co-morbidities (i.e. cardiovascular disease, strokes,hypertension and diabetes)s, which negatively impacts quality of life and lifeexpectancy rates.
PersonsAffected
Members of the Gullah population and others residing in the coastalCarolinas.
CommunityFactors
The role of unhealthy food staples as integral to family interaction andcommunity socialization.Sedentary lifestyle with few opportunities for recreational physical activityLack of culturally competent programs, initiatives and interventions toaddress obesity and its complications.Institutionalized oppression through systemic discrimination, poverty andracism.High rates of joblessnessInadequate access to preventive health service
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Health Promotion Strategies/Methods
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Evaluation of Health Promotion Strategy
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