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The pan African Water and Sanitation Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting Format.

The Guidelines

Draft April 2012

AFRICAN MINISTERS’ COUNCIL ON WATER

CONSEIL DES MINISTRES AFRICAINS CHARGES DE L’EAU Special Technical Committee of the African Union

These guidelines have been prepared to support African countries in preparing their water and sanitation reports to the

African Union Summit on implementing Sharm El Sheikh Commitments on water and sanitation. The working group below

met in Cairo in January 2012 to prepare a first draft that has been reviwed in April 2012 based on comments and

recommendations from sub-regional meetings with countries on the pan African Reporting Format.

Acknowledgments to the German Government which is currently funding the whole process of the pan African Monitoring

&Evaluation, through the German International Cooperation (GIZ).

Working Group

Name Title Institution

1. Dr Khaled AbuZeid Regional Water Program Manager CEDARE

2. Dr M. Rami Mahmoud Regional M&E Expert CEDARE

3. Mohamed Elrawady Water Resources Specialist CEDARE

4. Laila Oualkacha Programme Officer for North Africa AMCOW

5. Maxime Somda Resource Person/ M&E Focal Point Ministry/Burkina Faso

6. Bougadare Kone Programme Officer M&E /Water and Land

Management Expert NPCA (NEPAD)

7. Dr Mahmoud Moustafa Policy Officer Water and Environment AUC

8. Anselme Vodounhessi Programme Officer / M&E Expert AUC

9. Dr Rashid Mbaziira, Programme Officer / IWRM Expert AUC

Introduction

The Executive Committee of the African Ministers’ Council on Water (AMCOW-ExCo), at its 10th

Ordinary session in Johannesburg on 21 October 2011, took the decision EXCO/010/2011/J’BURG/1.0

adopting the pan-African Monitoring and Evaluation and Reporting Format for use in preparing

AMCOW’s reports to the African Union Summit of Heads of State and Government on the progress made

in implementing the Sharm El Sheikh Declarations.

The tool for collecting information from the countries, which also provides the Format for the country

report, prioritises 25 performance categories and about 15 indicators (for the 2011 Report) to be tracked

and regularly reported on by the AMCOW member states.

This document provides details of the definitions that apply vis-á-vis the indicators to be used for

monitoring progress on the targets set. It is recognised that there are existing Monitoring and Evaluation

(M&E) Systems at national, regional, continental and even global level using similar indicators to provide

information on all of the performance categories. However, the purposes for which that information is

generated differ; which in turn influences the definition of indicators used and the specific parameters

measured.

For the pan-African M&E System, the indicators chosen to track the prioritised performance categories are

defined on the basis of the strategic objectives of the country reports and AMCOW’s report to the AU

Summit. They are thus adapted from existing modes of application taking into consideration the unique

situation of the opportunities and challenges in Africa’s water sector, especially with regard to data

acquisition and analysis. As such, the following background information and or instructions are provided:

1. Objectives of Performance Category/Indicator: this provides the primary objective of generating the

requested information on a performance category or a specific indicator. In essence, this section is

aimed at demonstrating relevance and highlighting the point of emphasis in the analysis.

2. Performance Target: this section states the set target against which performance is being measured. In

addition, it provides information on the reference policy document(s) from which the target is derived.

3. Performance Indicator: defines the measure by which progress towards a specific target and/or

strategic goal of the Sharm el-Sheikh Declarations is evaluated.

4. Disaggregation: this section defines the various parameters used to compute the performance indicator,

as well as describing both the required data and applicable computing methods. Suggestions are also

given on the possible sources for the required data.

5. Indicator Computing: describing the formula(e) and or other processes for manipulating the various

parameters to evaluate progress on a particular target or objective.

These background information and or instructions are summarized on sheets clustered in Section II, by

theme for each of the 7 themes defined by AMCOW for the African Water and Sanitation sector

development, whereas the Section I provide the overview of the Core set of indicators used in refined

Reporting Format adopted by AMCOW Ministers.

It must be emphasised that the indicators, parameters, definitions and methods used in what follows are

neither exhaustive nor absolute, rather they have been carefully selected and applied within the context of

the water sector in Africa. Similarly, these guidelines are the first version of what has purposely been

developed to be a living document.

Section I

The minimum Core set of indicators to monitor

Sharm El Sheikh Commitments.

Item Targets Baseline Milestone Source Level

1.1 Water for EnergyDevelop infrastructures to

increase Hydropower

generation capacity.

Hydropower

utilizationIncrease by 10% 2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (a)/

African Water

Vision

Country & RECs PIDA

1.2 Water for

Agriculture

Promote innovative

technologies for efficient

agricultural water use.

Water productivity

RainFed Agriculture &

Irrigation

Increase by 30% 2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (c)/

African Water

Vision

Country AQUASTAT

1.3 Water for Multiple

Uses

Develop water for all uses

and allocate sufficent water

for environment.

Water Demand

Satisfaction IndexIncrease by 10% 2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (a)/

African Water

Vision

Country AQUASTAT

2.1 Basin and

Transboundary

Develop and implement

national and transboundary

Water Efficiency Plans.

Existence of Water

Efficiency or IWRM

Plans

1 per country and

1 per RLBOs2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (f)/

African Water

Vision

Country and

RLBOsGWP

Identify

minimum

requests for

IWRM Plan

2.2 Transboundary

Infrastructure

Development

Promote transboundary

water infrastructures

development.

Transboundary Water

infrastructures

Capacity

Increase by 10% 2008 2015

Sh.el.Sk (a)/

AWW1

suggested

targets

RLBOs PIDA

2.3 GroundwaterPromote sustainable

management and

development of groundwater.

AGC Roadmap

implementation

status

AGC Roadmad

implemented at

more than 80%

2008 2015 Sh.el.Sk (o)

African

Groundwater

Commission

AGC

2.4 RainwaterPromote rainwater harvesting

and use.

Share of rainwater

use in total water

consumption

Increase to 10% 2008 2015

Sh.el.Sk (h)/

suggested

targets

Country tbi

3.1 Urban Water SupplyAcess to drinking water with

appropriate quality standard.

% of people without

accessReduce by 50% 1990 2015

Sh.el.Sk (a)/

MDGs Country JMP

3.2 Urban SanitationAcess to toilets and collection

system.

% of people without


Sh.el.Sk (a)/

MDGs Country JMP

Reflect access

to collection

systems in ind.

3.3 Rural Water SupplyAcess to drinking water with

appropriate quality standard.

% of people without


Sh.el.Sk (a)/

MDGs Country JMP

3.4 Rural Sanitation and

Hygiene

Acess to toilets and collection

system.

% of people without


Sh.el.Sk (a)/

MDGs Country JMP

Reflect access

to collection

systems in ind.

4.1 Adaptation to

Climate Change

Develop adaptation measures

to improve resilience, and

promote regional Dialogue.

Existence Climate

Change Adaptation

Strategy

At least 1 CC

adaptation

Strategies per

Country, RLBO &

REC

2008 2015

Sh.el.Sk (h & s)

suggested

targets

Country, RLBOs

and RECstbi

4.2 Water-related

Hazards

Develop early warning

systems for disaster

prevention.

Existence of Early

warning System for

disaster prevention

At least 1 System

per country and 1

per RLBOs

2008 2015

Sh.el.Sk (h)/

AWW1,

suggested

targets

Country and

RLBOstbi

ConcernsPerformances Indicators

CommentsExisting

Source

Temporary Performances Indicators/Targets for African Water and Sanitation M&E, & Reporting to AU Summit on Sharm El Sheikh Commitments

Areas ThemesSub-themes/

Performanc. Category

Water for

Sustainable

Development

1. Water

Infrastructure for

Economic Growth

3.Achieving the

Water and

Sanitation MDGs

2.Managing and

Protecting Water

Resources

4. Global Changes

and Risks

Management

African Monitoring, Evaluation , and Reporting to AU Summit on Sharm El Sheikh Commitments Focus on performances

Item Targets Baseline Milestone Source LevelConcerns

Performances IndicatorsComments

Existing

SourceAreas Themes

Sub-themes/

Performanc. Category

5.1 Institutional

arrangements

Improve water sector policy &

reform that promotes good

water governance.

Reform response to

good governance

principles

Updated Reform

available and

implemented

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (d, e, l

& m)/ African

Water Vision

Country and

RLBOstbi

Need for

African

Benchmarks &

Guidelines

5.2 Ethics,

transparency,

empowerment


reform that promotes ethics,

transparency and

empowerment.

Reform response to

Ethics, transparency

and empowerment

Updated Reform

available and

implemented

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (d, e, l

& m)/ African

Water Vision

Country and

RLBOstbi

Need for

African

Benchmarks &

Guidelines

5.3 Public and private

roles


reform that promotes private

sector involvement.

Reform response to

Public Private

Partnership

Updated Reform

available and

implemented

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (d & e)/

African Water

Vision

Country and

RLBOstbi

Need for

African

Benchmarks &

Guidelines

5.4 Right to waterImprove water sector policy &

reform that promotes human

right to water and sanitation.

Reform response to

criteria for human

right to water and

sanitation under the

General Comments

No 15.

Updated Reform

available and

implemented

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (d)/

African Water

Vision

Country and

RLBOstbi

Need for

African

Benchmarks &

Guidelines

5.5 Regulatory

approaches


reform that promotes

Regulatory approaches.

Reform considering

effective regulatory

roles.

Updated Reform

available and

implemented

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (d & e)/

African Water

Vision

Country and

RLBOstbi

Need for

African

Benchmarks &

Guidelines

6.1 Financing water and

sanitation

Allocate enough funds for

water and sanitation in

national budgets.

% of GDP to hygiene

& sanitation (resp. %

of national budget to

watsan)

0.5 % of GDP to

sanitation &

hygiene (resp. 5%

of national budget

for WatSan)

2008 (resp.

2003)Immediat

Sh.el.Sk (b&i) /

eThekwini

(resp. Panafcon

2003)

Country GLAAS

6.2 Pricing Strategies

Price water to promote

Equity, Efficiency and

Environmental Sustainability

(3 "E").

Tariffs Structure

reflects Cross-subsidy

and responds to 3 "E"

HH contribution in

the total revenue of

municipal water

supply is less than

3%.

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (j)/ Af.

W. Vision

suggested

targets

Country IBNET

Need for

African

common

Standards

6.3 Pro-poor financing

StrategiesPrice water and sanitation to

promote accessibility to poor.

Lifeline tariffs

affordable for poor.

Price of the lifeline

water for a HH <

3% of min (HH

revenue).

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (j)/

suggested

targets

Country IBNET

Need for

African

common

Standards

7.1 Education and

capacity development

Build institutionnal and HR

capacity at all levels in water

sector.

Under study Under study 2008 2015 Sh.el.Sk (g) Country GWP

7.2 InformationEnhance Watsan M&E System

at national, basins, and Africa-

wide levels.

Existence of M&E

Systems in line with

the pan African M&E

System.

1 per country, 1

per RLBOs, 1 per

REC, 1 at AUC

2000 2015

Sh.el.Sk (g)/

African Water

Vision

Country, RLBOs

and

AMCOW/AUC

tbi

7.3 Water and

Technologies

Promote knowledge on

innovative technologies in

water sector.

Under study Under study 2000 2015Sh.el.Sk (g)/ Af.

W.VisionCountry CREPA

7.4 Professional

Networks/

Assosciations

Promote participation in

national and regional

networks in watsan.

Under study Under study 2000 2015Sh.el.Sk (g)/ Af.

W.Vision

Country and

RLBOsAfWA

Selection of

relevant

Networks is

needed

Enabling

Mechanisms

for

Development

7. Education,

Knowledge and

Capacity

Development

6. Financing

5. Governance

and Management

African Monitoring, Evaluation , and Reporting to AU Summit on Sharm El Sheikh Commitments Focus on performances

Section II

The Detailed Guidelines for computing

proposed performance indicators in the pan

African Reporting Format.

Theme 1:

Water Infrastructure for

Economic Growth

Theme 1 Water Infrastructure for Economic Growth

Performance Category PC 1.1

1. Objective of the PC

2. Performance Target

Reference in Regional Commtiments:

Parameter/

UnitDefinition Data required

Possible

Source

Hydropower

Potential (P0)

Gross theoratical capability

to produce hydro-electric

power generation if all run-

off was turbined down to

the lowest level of the

specified country.

Ministries

responsible for

water and/or

Energy,

Statistics

authorities

Technically

feasible

hyropower

potential (P1)

Amount of gross

theoretical potential that

can be exploited within the

limits of current

technology.

Topology, surface

area, precipitation,

evaporation.

Ditto

Economically

feasible

hydropower

potential (P)

Amount of gross

theoretical potential that

can be exploited within the

limits of current

technology and expected

local economic conditions.

Topology, surface

area, precipitation,

evaporation.

Ditto

Installed

hydropower

Capacity (C)

Sum of all generator

nameplate power ratings

(in GW) from the installed

Hydropower Plants.

No of plants, capacity

ratings of plants.

Ditto

Hydropower

utilisation

Index (HpuI)

Capacity of Installed

Hydropower Plants as a

fraction of economically

feasible potential.

P; C Ditto

5. Indicator Computing

The African Water and Sanitation M&E and Reporting GUIDELINES

Information exists

Regular review based on

technological advances

Regular review based on

technological advances and

economic conditions

Sum of capacity rating of

installed plants

Rate of increase in hydropower

utilisation Index (RiHpuI).

The hydropower utilisation Index (HpuI) is the fraction of economically

feasible hydropower potential that can be genererated by the installed

Hydropower Plants. The Index can be improved when the country

increases the capacity or the number of its hydropower plants. For a

given year, the Rate of increase in hydropower utilisation Index is the

change (in %) in its value of the year 2000.

4. Disaggragation Computing Methods

Water for Energy

Encourage African countries to develop infrastructures for water resources development, to increase

the exploitation of hydropower potentials. Countries are expected under this performance category,

to increase hydropower production based on their technically feasible hydropower potentials.

Increase hydropower utilisation by 10% from 2000 to 2015.

Sh.el.Sk (a) and African Water Vision 2025.

For a given year(i), the Rate of increase in the hydropower utilisation index (in %), is : RiHpuI= (HpuIi -

HpuI2000)/HpuI2000 .

HpuI = C/P

3. Performance Indicator Indicator Definition / Explanation

African Water and Sanitation Monitoring and Evaluation PC 1.1 -page 1/1 The Report to the AU Summit on Sharm El Sheikh Commitments






Parameter/


Possible

Source

Agricultural GDP

(A)

Contibution to National

GDP generated from

agricultural (crop)

products. It is the added

value of the agricultural

Revenues from crop

products.

Statistics

Bureaux,

Economics units

Agri. Water

(irrigated)

withdrawal (Bir)

Approximate/ estimated

amount of water used for

irrigation.

Agricultural water

supplies.

Ministries of

agriculture,

statitistics

Agri. Water

(rainfed)

withdrawal (Brf)

Approximate/estimated

amount of water used for

rainfed crop production.

Precipitation, total area

of rainfed agriculture,

evapotranspiration

rates.

Ditto

Total

Agricultural

water (B)

Estimate total water used

in agriculture (irrigation

and rainfed).

Bir ; Brf Ditto

Water Return to

Environment (C)

Amount of water returned

to air, water, soil, natural

systems.

Meteorolgical data,

geological, hydrology,

etc.

Ditto

Water

productivity

(Wp)

Revenue generated per

cubic metre of water used

for crop productivity.

A; B; C Ditto

Irrigated areas

(IA)

Total areas under

irrigation.

Ditto


Water for Agriculture

Encourage African countries to Promote innovative technologies for efficient agricultural water use to limit

water losses, and to increase irrigated agriculture for food security.

Increase the water productivity from Rainfed agriculture and Irrigation by 30%, from 2000 to 2015; and

Increase the size of irrigated area by 50%, from 2000 to 2015.

Sh.el.Sk (c) and African Water Vision 2025.




For a given year(i), the Rate of increase in water productivity (in %), is: RiWp= (Wpi-Wp2000)/Wp2000 ; and the Rate of

increase of irrigated area (in %), is: RiIA = (IAi - IA2000)/IA2000

National water balance

calculation.

B = Sum(Bir, Brf) in cubic

metres

Water balance (in cubic

metres)

Wp = A/(B-C)

IA

Rate of increase in Water productivity

(RiWp).

The Water productivity (Wp) measures the contribution of water to the

economy (i.e. the US $ produced per a cubic meter of water used in crop

production). The rate of increase in water productivity (RiWP) is the

change (in %) in its value of the year 2000.

Rate of increase of irrigated areas (RiIA). The Irrigated areas (IA) is the total area equiped for irrigation. The rate

of increase of irrigated areas (RiIA) is the change (%) in its value in 2000.







Parameter/


Possible

Source

Total Water

Demand - all

sectors- (A)

The minimum water

requirements to satify the

per capita water share

based on the water

scarcity limit of 1000

m3/cap/yr. This is a

theoritical per capita

water demand that can be

used to evaluate the

overall water supply level.

Country population

(Pop)

Census

Total Water

Supply - all

sectors- (B)

Total conventional and

non-conventional water

supply for municipal,

industrial, irrigated

agriculture, rainfed

agriculture, and livestock

sectors .

Water consumed by

each individual sector

(bi)

Statistic Units

of Ministries

Water Demand

Satisfaction

Index (WDSI)

WDSI is the level at which

the total country water

demand is satisfied.

A; B


Rate of increase of Water Demand

Satisfaction Index (RiWDSI)

The Water Demand Satisfaction Index (WDSI) is the level at which the

total country water demand is satisfied. For a given year, the Rate of

increase the Water Demand Satisfaction Index (RiWDSI) is (in %) the

incremental value of the WDSI from its 2000 value. This incremental

value reflects country efforts to mobilize conventional and non-

conventional water resources to satisfy demand in all sectors.



A= 1000 m3/cap/yr x Pop

B = sum (bi)

For a given year, WDSI=B/A

For a given year(i), the Rate of increase of Water Demand Satisfaction Index (in%), is: RiWDSI = (WDSIi-

WDSI2000)/WDSI2000 .


Water for Multiple Uses

Encourage African countries to Develop water for all uses and allocate sufficent water for

environment.

Increase the Water Demand Satisfaction Index (WDSI) by 10% from 2000 to 2015.

Sh.el.Sk (a) and African Water Vision 2025.


Theme 2:

Managing and Protecting Water

Resources

Theme 2 Managing and Protecting Water Resources





Parameter/


Possible

Source

Policy, legal

environment.

Provides legal rights and

obligations tied to water use

and provides the prescriptive

parameters for the resource

development and management.

Laws and regulations. Ministries

responsible for

water and/or

environment

Institutional

arrangements.

Defines how the institutions

dealing with policy, regulations,

implementation, execution and

oversight deliver as per their

roles, and the institutional

capacities they need to be

effective.

Institutional

frameworks.

Ditto

Financing

structure.

Defines the water funding

strategy that estimates overall

investment requirements, and

identifies funding sources, and

that guaranties sustainable

financing of the sector.

Laws, regulations and

investment plans.

Ditto

Management

tools.

They are elements and

methods that help decision-

makers to make rational and

informed choices between

alternative actions. These are

both quantitative and

qualitative, based on disciplines

such as hydrology, hydraulics,

environmental sciences, system

engineering, legal sciences,

sociology and economics.

Guidelines, action/

implementation plans

etc.

Ditto

5. Indicator Computing Availability of Water Efficiency plan or IWRM plan, or any other national policy Document that provides required

information on the above-mentionned 4 key parameters.



Availability of any policy

Document that clarifies the

Policy and Legal Environment

of the national Water

resources management.



institutional arrangements of

the national Water resources

management.



financing structure of the

national Water resources

management.


Document that provides the

management tools of the

national Water resources

management.

Water efficiency Plan A national strategy that identifies the priority steps that must be taken

to reform the water management system to meet IWRM principles. It

may suggest changes to national policy, the legislative framework,

financing structure, organisational framework, and a range of

management tools. It should set out a sequence of actions over a

specific time frame to transform existing practices to more sustainable

ones (GWP definition). This strategy might also be called IWRM Plan or

any other name, and must provide clear overview of : (i) the Policy and

legal environment, (ii) the institutional arrangements, (iii) the

financing structure, and (iv) the Management tools , of the national

water resources management.


Basin and transboundary water resources management

Encourage African countries to Develop and implement national and transboundary water efficiency

plans.

Develop a national Water Efficiency Plan by 2015.

Sh.el.Sk (a) and African Water Vision 2025


Theme 2 Managing and Protecting Water Resources





Parameter/


Possible

Source

Total municipal

water supply

(A)

Total amount of water

supplied to the country by

existing water supply

providers.

Companies records. Water supply

companies

Rain water use

(B)

Total amount of rainwater

used in the country by

businesses, and

residential.

National

statistics

Water use from

other sources

(C)

In cases other sources such

wells, boreholds, rivers, etc

are applicable.

National

statistics

Total municipal

water consumption

(Twc).

The total water used by

the country's population

including businesses to

supplement their water

supply.

A; B; C


Percentage of rainwater use in total

municipal water consumption (pRu).

Roof-collected rainwater can be used for a range of purposes to

complement the municipal water supplies. The uses include personal

washing, toilet flushing, laundry, use, surface and equipment washing,

topping up spas and pools, garden irrigation, cooling and heating, and

many industrial processes. It is not recommended that rainwater is

used for drinking or food preparation in areas where a reticulated

drinking water supply is provided, as the quality of rainwater is not as

reliable as urban drinking water supplies.

The total amount of rainwater used in the country by businesses,

community groups, sporting clubs and residential developments, to

supplement their water supply, constitutes with the total municipal

water supply and other uses, the total municipal water consumption by

the country.



Specific and available at the

water supliers companies.

From Households surveys and

industries records.

Twc = A+B+C

For a given year(i), the percentage of rainwater use in total municipal water consumption (in%), is: pRu = B/Twc .


Rainwater

Encourage African countries to promote rainwater harvesting and use, by facilitating intallation of

rainwater haversting facilities to support the municipal (household and industrial) water supply.

Increase the share of rainwater use in total municipal water consumption up to 10% by 2015.

Sh.el.Sk (h).

From Households surveys and

industries records.


Theme 3:

Achieving the Water and

Sanitation MDGs

Theme 3 Achieving the Water and Sanitation MDGs

Performance Category PC 3.1-3.4




Parameter/


Possible

Source

Urban Access

for Water (%)

Proportion of the urban

population that have

access to drinking water.

Total Urban population

(Pu); Urban population

with access to drinking

water (PuW).

Ministry of

Water &

National

Statistics

Rural Access

for Water (%)

Proportion of the rural



Total Rural population

(Pr); Rural population

with access to drinking

water (PrW).

Ministry of

Water &

National

StatisticsTotal Access for

water (W) (%)

Proportion of the total



Total population (Pu+Pr);

population with access

to drinking water

(PuW+PrW).

Ministry of

Water &

National

StatisticsUrban Access

for Sanitation

and Hygiene

(%)

Proportion of the urban


access to improved

sanitation facility.

Total Urban population

(Pu); Urban population

with access to improved

sanitation facility (PuS).

Ministry in

charge of

Sanitation &

National

Statistics

Rural Access

for Sanitation

and Hygiene

(%)

Proportion of the rural


access to improved


Total Rural population

(Pr); Rural population

with access to improved

sanitation facility (PrS).

Ministry in

charge of

Sanitation &

National

Statistics

Total Access for

Sanitation and

Hygiene (S) (%)

Proportion of the total


access toimproved


Total population (Pu+Pr);

population with access

to improved sanitation

facility (PuS+PrS).

Ministry in

charge of

Sanitation &

National

Statistics


PuW/Pu

PrW/Pr

For a given year(i), Si =

(PuS+PrS)/(Pu+Pr)

For a given year(i), the Inaccessibility Reduction Rate for Water (in %) is IRwat = (Wi-W1990)/(100-W1990); and the

Inaccessibility Reduction Rate for Sanitation (in %) is IRsan = (Si-S1990)/(100-S1990).

For a given year(i), Wi =

(PuW+PrW)/(Pu+Pr)

PuS/Pu

PrS/Pr

Rate of Water Inacessibilty reduction

(IRwat)

It is the rate by which the country has reduced, so far (from 1990 to

date), the proportion of the population without improved drinking

water source.


Rate of Sanitation and Hygiene

Inacessibilty reduction (IRsan)

It is the rate by which the country has reduced, so far (from 1990 to

date), the porportion of the population without improved sanitation

facility.



Urban and Rural Access

Encourage African countries to develop water supply and sanitation infrastructures to increase access

of african population to improved water and sanitation services in all geographical areas.

Reduce by 50% from 1990 to 2015, the proportion of the population without improved drinking

water source, and the proportion without improved sanitation facility (Urban/Rural/Total)

Sh.el.Sk (a) and Millenium Development Goals (MDGs).

African Water and Sanitation Monitoring and Evaluation PC 3.1-4 -page 1/1 The Report to the AU Summit on Sharm El Sheikh Commitments

Theme 4:

Global Changes and Risks

Management

Theme 4 Global Changes and Risks Management





Parameter/


Possible

Source

5. Indicator Computing Availiability of the above mentioned 3 documents or any other national documents covering specific actions on

Drought, Floods, Water quality, Protection of wetlands, and/or Coastal management.

Actions Plans on Water for Climate

Change resilience.

Set of Action Plans on Drought, Floods, Water quality, Protection of

wetlands, and/or Coastal management.

Programmes for implementing the

Actions plans.

Set of detailed activities and budgets implementing the actions plans.

Climate Change Adaptation Strategy. The Strategy is an official policy document developed by the country

for climate change resilience.




Adaptation to Climate Change

Encourage African countries to Develop adaptation measures to improve resilience, and promote

Dialogue.

Develop and implement, at least 1 Climate Change Adaptation Strategy by 2015.

Sh.el.Sk (h & s)


Theme 4 Climate Change





Parameter/


Possible

Source

Knowledge of

the risks.

It include the water related

natural and human

induced hazards (resource

scarcity, water quality, non-

average climatic events,

public health, ecosystems

change).

Scientific and research

data, traditional

knowledge.

Monitoring,

analysis and

forecasting of

the hazards.

Monitoring and

information systems.

Communication

or dissemination

of alerts and

warnings.

Knowledge

management and

communication

sytems and strategies.

Local

capabilities to

respond to the

warnings

received.

Emergency plans,

levels of

awareness/preparedn

ess, support

infrastructure.



Computing Methods

Water Related Hazards

Encourage African countries to Develop early warning systems for disaster prevention to protect

African population from water related natural and human induced hazards.

Establish at least 1 early warning system for disaster prevention at national level by 2015.

Sh.el.Sk (a) and Africa Water Week 1.


Availability of any

Document/Guidelines that

clarifies risks, and provides

appropriate response levels and

mitigation strategies to deal with

the identified risks.

National laws,

sectoral policies,

regulaory

frameworks,

strategy

documents,

disaster

preparedness /

management

plans,

operational

manuals

Availability of any required

systems.

Availability of any any

communication strategy on

risks management.

Availability regular

communities awareness and

training programmes for

emergency.

Availability of an Early warning system for disaster prevention that includes the above-mentionned 4 minimum

parameters.

Early warning system for disaster

prevention at national level.

The set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and

meaningful warning information to enable individuals, communities

and organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare and to act

appropriately and in sufficient time to reduce the possibility of harm or

loss. Warning systems need to span all steps from hazard detection

through to community response. (Definition of the United Nations

International strategy for disaster reduction, UNISDR)

4. Disaggragation


Theme 5:

Governance and

Management

Theme 5 Governance and Management

Performance Category PC 5.1 - 5.5




Parameter/


Possible

Source

Partnership and

commitment.

Partnerships between government and

various groups in civil society, particularly

at local/community levels, together with

the private sector.

MoUs, agreements, PPP

arrangements.

Ethics -

transparency,

equity and

fairness.

Based on the rule of law, which manifests

itself most strongly in the issue of justice,

property rights for use, access and

ownership of water.

Policy and regulatory

frameworks.

Responsibility

and

accountability.

Each institution must know and take

responsibility for what it does, and report

at appropiate levels.


frameworks.

Inclusiveness,

participation,

predictability

and

responsiveness.

In terms of responsiveness (and

sustainability) an effective and reliable

governance system must deliver what is

needed on the basis of demand, clear

objectives, an evaluation of future impact

and, where available, past experiences.


frameworks

Coherence. Consistent approach. Policy and regulatory

frameworks



Availability of required

partnership agreements.

National laws,

policies,

regulaory

frameworks,

strategy

documents,

masterplans,

operational

manuals.

Availability of the required

policy framework.

Availability of policy

framework clarifying the

required accountability

mechanisms.

Availability of policy

framework clarifying the

participatory approoaches.

Coherence of existing

frameworks.

Water sector policy that reflects good governance

principles.

The range of political, social, economic, and administrative systems

that are in place to regulate the development and management of

water resources and provision of water services at different levels of

society (Definition of UNESCO/UNDESA)


Encourage African countries to Improve water governance and management structures.

Availability of Water sector policy that reflects good governance principles that provides required information on the above-

mentionned 5 key parameters.

Institute/update, by 2015, water sector policy reforms that reflect good governance principles of: i) partnership

commitment; ii) ethics - transparency, equity and fairness; iii) responsibility and accountability; iv) inclusiveness,

participation, predictability and responsiveness; and v) coherence.

Sh.el.Sk (a) and African Water Vision 2025


African Water and Sanitation Monitoring and Evaluation PC 5 -page 1/1 The Report to the AU Summit on Sharm El Sheikh Commitments

Theme 6:

Financing

Theme 6 Financing





Parameter/


Possible

Source

GDP (A1) The global figure of

national GDP in

(USD/year).

Known National

Statistic

Sanitation and

Hygiene Budget

(B1).

The total budget allocated

to sanitation and Hygiene

for the year.

Known Ministry of

Finance

Total National

Budget (A2).

The total national budget

of the year.

Known Ministry of

Finance

Water and

Sanitation

Budget (B2).

The total budget allocated

to water and sanitation for

the year.

Known Water and

Finance

Ministries

5. Indicator Computing For a given year(i), the percentage of GDP to Sanitation and Hygiene (in %) is gdpSH = B1/A1 ; and the

percentage of national Budget to Water and Sanitation (in %) is BdgWS = B2/A2.


Known

Known

Known

Known

Percentage of GDP to Sanitation and

Hygiene (gdpSH).

Share of the national GDP allocated to sanitation and hygiene.

Percentage of national Budget to

Water and Sanitation (BdgWS).

Share of the national Budget allocated to Water and Sanitation.

Financing water and sanitation

Encourage African countries to Allocate enough funds for water and sanitation in national budgets.

Allocate immediately at least 0.5 % of GDP to sanitation & hygiene; and Allocate immediately 5% of

national budget for water & sanitation.

Sh.el.Sk (b&i) / eThekwini & Panafcon 2003




Theme 6 Financing

Performance Category PC 6.2-6.3




Parameter/


Possible

Source



Water Tariff Structure in urban

settlements that addresses cross-

subsidy and the need of poor.

The water tariff is to be set to allow generation of revenues for the

efficient operation, recognizing the vital role of water, the special

needs of socially deserving cases, and the importance of safe water and

sanitation for public health. Mechanisms to protect the poorest from

high charges while avoiding subsidies to the better off are then

necessary, and while encouraging conservation and efficient use. In

most of the case countries adopt blocks tariff to face theses challenges.

The assessment will be limited to the description of Water Tariff in the

urban settlements clarifying differents blocks of the pricing structure

and and various adjustments for cross-subsidy.

Water Tariff Structure in rural

settlements that addresses cross-

subsidy and the need of poor.

Description of Water Tariff in the rural settlements.

Availiability of Tariff Structures addresses cross-subsidy.



Pricing strategy

Encourage African countries to set water tariffs Structure that reflect Cross-subsidy and the

consideration of poor (Triple "E": Equity, Efficiency (cost recovery) and Environnement sustainability ) .

A flat tariff generally doesn't respond to the Triple "E".

Set by 2015, water tariff system that addresses cross-subsidy and the need of poor.

Sh.el.Sk (h & s)

African Water and Sanitation Monitoring and Evaluation PC 6.2-3 -page 1/1 The Report to the AU Summit on Sharm El Sheikh Commitments

Theme 7:

Education, Knowledge and

Capacity Development

Theme 7 Education, Knowledge and Capacity Development





Parameter/


Possible

Source



Education and capacity development

Encourage African countries to Build institutionnal and human resources capacity at all levels in water

and sanitation sector.

Under study

Sh.el.Sk (g)









Parameter/


Possible

Source


Enhanced Water and Sanitation

M&E System in line with the pan

African M&E.

The on-going pan African M&E process that aims at establishing data

management system (DMS) at AMCOW/AUC to track progress on the

implementation of the Sharm El-Sheikh Commitments on Water and

Sanitation, requires alignement of existing data management systems

at country level, as well as RLBOs and RECs levels. Under this

framework countries' water and sanitation M&E systems will be

enhanced to be aligned with DMS at sub-regional and continental

levels.


Information

Encourage African countries to Enhance Water and sanitation Monitoring, Evaluation & Rerpoting

System at national level to be in-line with the pan African M&E.

Enhance by 2016, the national water and sanitation Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting (M&E, &R)

Systems in a way to be in line with the pan African M&E.

Sh.el.Sk (g)


Availabitity on national Water and Sanitation M&E System that includes the water and sanitation themes for

Africa and the set of indicators adopted by AMCOW for the pan African reporting Format.








Parameter/


Possible

Source



Water and Technologies

Encourage African countries to Promote knowledge on innovative technologies in water and sanitation

sector.

Under study

Sh.el.Sk (g)









Parameter/


Possible

Source



Professional Networks/ Associations

Encourage African countries to Promote participation in national and regional networks in water and

sanitation sector.

Under study

Sh.el.Sk (g)




AFRICAN UNION

UNION AFRICAINE

UNIÃO AFRICANA

Department of Rural Economy and Agriculure (DREA)

Environment and Natural Resources Division

Support Office to AMCOW and AUC on Water

P.O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Email: [email protected]

Tel: +251 11 551 77 00, Ext. 1515

Website: www.africa-union.org

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.africa-union.org/

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