,TAn g"am ,Rurordu,

{+{1{slel€;slark,l+{+**{a*{+risl+rl+ta$lelolsl+r:a'l+'l€i+*.+ri++lol+l+{+{+rl+rl+

Keep Your Business IJp To Date

With TItrxpress

raaffi

Here are some of the commercial cargoes

via Olipper to and from Guam:

Clipper Air

0osmeties

Periodieals

Tilms

Flowers

Soap Sarnples

Coeoanut Oil

ASSa€ Tl'eaving

Shoes

lVearing Apparel

Catalogues

Sporting Goods

Preseriptions

For detailed information call

Pan American Airways Company

^aADumay, Liuam

rlol+{+lo!+r'"ol+l+l+rlololrri.rrtrlelolol+rl+{o!+!ol+leiolol+{el+{+{+rlol+iol+{+{sl$l$l€l+{:+*{+{+

Jose M. TorresWHOLESALE AND RETAIL MERCHANT

Importer and Exporter

Agana, Guam

Distributor for:

San Miguel Pale Pilsen Beer (Quaiity-Safety-Purity)G. M. C. Frigidaire (On Installment Basis)

Philco Radios (On Installment Basis)General Tires

The Largest Wholesale And Retail Liquor Dealers in Guam

We Also Carry Complete Line of Groceries And Dry GoodsAt Reasonable Prices

#

DIME STORE

IVhere You Buy The Most With Your Money

TORR,ES SOAP FACTORY(MAI(ER OF HIGH GRADE PLTRE COCONUT OIL SOAP)

is a business financed try Iocal capital and is the answerto the clarion call best expressed by the cry

..BUY GUAM PRODUCTS??

We are making only the best quality products outof the trest quality materials at the least

possitlle cost to the purehaser

Always iook for the mark "TORRES" on every soap you buy

TORRES BUS LINE

Operating 4 times a day on AGANA-PITI-SUMAY-AGAT route

For comfort, safety, and economy use our bus

ALER, IN COPRA

MEMBER GUAM CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

{Ais:$l$leXslatsl.'X%tr:h:el$l$:+1.*s:$:rtai&ib}{+gr^trt+!rr.o!rle!311*s:sl+ta{sl+:1t! ad+t4+,!sl+rpr^?rl+!e}r}rlele!+leg+

The Gaiety Theater

Programs change on

Sundays and ThursdaysShows start at 8:15 every night

Saturday Morning Matinee9:00 o'clock-Admission 10 cents

SCREENO Every ThursdayCash prizes

A thrilling garne - amusing & profitable

GAIETY TIItrATER. .THE HOUSE OF GOOD PICTIIRES"

(In the Heart of the City)

MISS ANA TORRES'AG{;AG SETOP

THE BEST QUALITY OBTAINABLEAGGAG WOVEN WARE

Handbags

Luncheon Sets

Coasters

Cigarette Cases

Rugs, various sizes

up to 8 x 15 feet

BASKETS - ALL SIZESPUBLIC MARKET BIJILDING. AGANA. GUAM

IT'S F'ASHIONABLE TO STIOP AT

Df,rs. E. Df. ilfoflevesStone

QUALITY MERCHANDISEAND GROCERIES

LOT NO 23 DR. HESLER STREET

AGANA, GUA}I

Anteirrio sf,. l'orresLOT 563 AGANA

MANUFACTURER OF

Riverside Whiskey, Aggy, Gin, Rum andAnisette

SOLE DISTRIBUTOR FOR

Pabst Export Beer (in cans)Pabst Blue Ribbon Beer (in long neckand squat bottles)

IMPORTER OF

Lucky Lager Beer (in long neck bottles)Best quality Whiskey, Rum, Gin andPure California Wines

J. K. SEIIMTZUW}IOLESAI,E AND RETAIL

JAPANESE SILKSAND

NOVETTIES

SOLE AGENT FOR

UNION, ASAHIAND

KIRII\ BEERAND

aLL OTHER GOOD LIQUORS

=,

t

r'i

i^)

l : )t11

i5lrr i

SBRVICE plus COURTESY plus QUALITY

111 San Ignacio St.

equals

THE BANK OF GUAMESTABLISHED 1915

Capital

Surplus

Deposits

CORRESPONDENT I]ANKS

The Chase National Bank of the City of Nerv Yor.k, N. Y.

WeIIs Fargo Bank & Union Trust Co., San Francisco

The Bank of Hawaii . Honolulu. T. 11.

The National City Bank of New York, Manila, F. I.

The National City Bank of New York, Yokohama, Japan.

Nederlandsche Handel Maatschappij , Shanghai, Ohina.

Nederlandsche Handel Maatschappij, Hongkong, China

Cashier's Drafts issued.

Money telegraphed to all parts of the worid.

Personal and Commercial Letters of Credit.

We ofrer general banking facilities necessary

in the transaction of public business.

S. SUDO, GENERAL MANAGER

De La Corte Street, Agana

FOR MIXED DRIA/ITS TRY-

Island Gin, Rurn or lllhiskey

HAVE SOME DELICIOUSIsland lVine

AT YOUR NEXT DINNER PARTY

There is more for your money

when you buy Guam Liquors

USE GUAM MADE PRODUCTS

ISLAI{D DISTILLERY

$ 25,000.00

35,000.00

4L8,902.20

..THE TASTA TELLS''

{.rH+*+F*rF+.at }*{+t+{€&{+tot{+{+rF:+11{$!sla*ta€!€l+1+*+FrF{+:sl$l€lsl€!.trs:at1el+8+:irlslels:sF

Seraice Men

Your Club offers recreationfor you and your families

RECREATIOI\T BEACH I BOWLING

READING ROOM - BRIDGE PARTIES

Refreshrnents as you lihe thern

lVateh the Guarn tsaglle for speeial announeernents

.7An Snrrice C/"6Chief Storekeeper H. F. O'Reilly, U. S. N., Manager

TTIN GTJAM BBOOBDDBMONTHLY MAGAZIITB OF GI]AM

VOLUME XVII

Contents for April 1940

COVERAgana River west end before wall was constructed

Photograph by Elliott

Cover design by J. L. Salas

Magellan Day Celebration 7

Spanish Galleons I--By Comdr. P. J. Searles, (CEC), U.S.N.

Clippering Through-By Margaret Saunders

Boys' and Girls' Agricultural Club-By L. T. Siguenza

Department of Education Notes

Local Sports

The Plants of Guam-By E. H. Bryan, Jr.

The Deceived Fisherman-By M. T. Charfauros

Riding in Guam-By Margaret Jupp

NUMBER I

Extracts from Catalogue of Earth-quakes Felt in Guam 1825-1938 25

-By W. C. Repett i , S. J.

L2

t4

16

19

2l

24

24

Small Pox Epidemic Victims of 1856

Achievement Test

Daily Naval Historical Data

Shipping Notes

A Kapok Tree in Guam-By Magdalena V. Cruz

Vital Statistics of Guam

Former Editor Writes

Book Review-By SaIIy Rowan

,4

27

28

28

29

31

34

37

Lodge and Church

Pease

Notices

The opinions expressed in articles published in this magazine are the private onesof the writers and should not be construed as official or in any way reflecting the views ofthe Navy Department, the Naval Government of Guam, or the naval service at large.

Entored as sccond-cless mrttcr, M.y 31,1924. at the Port Off ice r t Gu.m, Gurm under thc Act of March 3, 1879. 1000-C-52

F.

TFIE GUAM RECORDERMONTIILY MAGAZINE OF GUAM

DirectorCaptain Jaines T. Alexander, U.S,N.,

Governor of Guam

EditorLieut. Comdr. Harold B. Edgar, U.S,N.

Associate EditorsHelen Edgar Herme Wakefield

StaffJ. A. Crisostomo, Nat.Y,1c, U,S,N.

Printing DepartmentG. Guith, Frtr.1-c, U.S.N. R. F. Blaz, Printer

Subscription RatesUnited States and Possessions, one year, $1.00foreign countries, one year, $1.50local news stands, 10 cents per copy

ToToAL

Seventeenth AnniversaryOne of the most interesting features of the

early [6"rican Government administration wasthe publication of a four-page organ called TheGttctn't, News Letter. The flrst edition of "TlreGtLa.m llews Letter," containing articles of purelylocal neu's, written in Spanish and English, waspublished on February 29, 1908 by GovernorEdward J. Dorn, Captain, U. S. Navy. It wasthe first periodical published in Guam, and theforerunner of Th,e Guum Recorcler. The prepa-ration of this paper was made in the Governor'sOffice, His Excellency, the Governor as Editor,assisted by his clerical staff, the former and pres-ent chief clerks to the Governor, Messrs. AtanasioT. Perez and Jose Roberto, respectively. Theprinting was done by the Federal GovernmentPrint Shop housed in a very small lean-to at thewestern end of the Government House kitchen,under the management of John Henry Bell,Prtr.Lc, U. S. N., and later on by C. C. Butler,Prtr.2c, U. S. N. The rnagazine, although pub-lished at irreguriar intervals, continued until De-cember 1921 when the use of the Federal Govern-ment Printing Press was denied and the Janu:rr1'1922 issue was published in mimeographed form.Thereafter, the island remained without an ad-vocate of good will until the Inf ormation Bulletin,a single-faced, loose-leafed edition, containingbrief information on vital statistics of the island,came into existence on June 15,1922. This bulle-

The Guam Recordet'

tin was discontinued on February 15, 1924.The first edition of the Guu,m Recarder was

published in March 1924 under the editor,ship ofLieut. Comdr. P. J. Searles, (CEC), U. S. Navy,and under the business management of Mr. W. W.Rolvley. Its main office was in the basementof the building situated on Lot No. 4, on thecorner of Dr. Hesler and Padre Anice.to streets,just east of the former Officers' Club. During thefirst nine years of publication, the paper was oper-atiirg as a private enterprise under the ownershipof }fr. Rowley, printed by the Guam Press Asso-ciation, until October 2, 1933, when it was pur-chased and subsidized by the Naval Governmentof Guam. The present Guam Recorder Offlce isin the southr,vestern lower room of the Govern-ment Flouse. The print shop is occupying thewestern portion of the Government building Nb.4, southrvest of the Government House.

With this, the two hundred and sixth edition,The Guam, Recorder completes its sixteenth year.Our purpose is to stimulate every young man andwornan towards becoming intelligent and usefulcitizens. We want the people to becorne betteracquainted with the art of living together, and todevelop that friendly neighborly spirii that is es-sentiai towards the building of community spirit.

This paper belongs, not to us, the editors alone,but to every person in Guam. It is a medium ofgeiting together ancl of expressing our ideas"

We feel sure that you rvill be with us in givingthis publication your fuii attention, interest andcooperaiion.

Errors. \Ve make them sometimes. If youhave cause for complaint, rvrite us. We will doour part. Give us credit for the intention to dealfairly.

Aur Plutforrn. The aim of this paper is togive busy, earnest people a digest of all the reallyimportant developments in island progress; incondensed, clean and orderly, yet sprightly andentertaining forrn. The editorial comment iswritten more from the personal point of view, but"with nialice toward none and charity far a11,"never with the idea of forcing conciusions on ol.u:friends, but rather of stimulating thought anddiscussion.

-4. y, i l 19 j0

Ferdinand Magellan

Ido one knows the actual place in Guam wherethe inLrepid Portuguese navigator, FerdinandMagellan, landed when he is said to have dis-covered the Marianas Islands. No one has anyauthentic information either as to when the firstChamorros settled in Guam.

And even though Magellan left no records ofhis exploits after his death, the date was set tobe the sixth day of the third month of the year1521 and the major scene was in the tiny villageof Umatac where he was said to have landed, itstill being a very effective cliche of contemporaryhistorians. Probably it was Umatac.

Nevertheless, the celebration of Magellan Dayat Umatac on March 6, 7940, according to Mr.Francisco Q. Sanchez, Assemblyman of that dis-trict and Principal of Magellan School, was themost successful held in recent years.

From the capital city of Agafla arrived the Aidefor Civil Administration, Commander S. D. Jupp,U.S.N., accompanied by other Naval Governmentofficials. Several U.S. Marine officers and men,including representatives of the Pan AmericanAirways' Company came from Sumay. Some

prominent businessmen from the neighboringtowns and many hundreds of citizens of Guam inautomobiles, blrsses, some afoot and in bull-drawncarts came and participated in celebrating thediscovery day.

Magellan named the group of islands "IslasLatinas Latieras" or "Islands of the Lateen Sails,"in reference to the fast-moving "proas" of theaboriginal natives, but when Padre Diego Luis deSanvitores, Spanish Jesuit, flrst settled in Guamin 1668 for the purpose of converting the nativesto Christianity, he changed the name to that of"Marianas Islands" in honor cf Maria Ana deAustria, who rvas the Queen of Spain and patron-ess of tlie expedition.

The ruins of the three Spanish forts and of thechui:ch rvhich were built in the 18th century andhave been destroyed by the earthquake catas-trophe of 1849 were overcrorvded with visitors.The forts are situated on strategic high spots onthe east and west sections of the town overlookinsthe entrance of the sn'iall harbor.

The Penguiru, nestled in Apra Harbor, was seen

Magellan lfay CIelobration

4,.', q,:lrui"6 "rw'

Pageant Scene at Umatac

Young Performers in Pageant

migrating westward early in the morning of the6th of March, with service personnel aboard,eager to participate in the celebration.

The Boy Scouts of America nnder the leader-ship of Scoutmaster G. R. Barlow, Q.l{.1c, U.S.\L,embarked in a Navy motor launch at Navy Land-ing, Piti, on Malch 6, for Umatac.

The Magellan Monument on the eastern part ofUmatac which was erected by the Guam Teachers'Association on March 6, 1926, was the scene ofthe celebration this year.

l-eature of the opening of the celebration wasthe Welcome Address delivered by Mr. Sanchez.Significant was the special program whereinMagellan's voyage was recited by the Nativeschool children of thal, village. More educationalin aspect was the song "Alexander's Rag TimeBand" which, Mr. Sanchez says, was the centerof attraction. There were many other dialoguespresented by the residents of Umatac. The re-marks by the Aide for Civil Administration at theconclusion of the program in which he expressedhis appreciation of the excellent program pre-sented by the community added a great deal toenliven the occasion.

The celebration this year is not only of specialinterest to the people of Guam but also to his-

The Guam Recorcler

iorians on the other side of the world. On page9, March 1939 edition of the Guam, Recorcler, tlnewell-knolvn novelist Charles Ford asserts thatMagell:rn anchored at Talofofo which is on theopirosite side of the island, facing the east, insteadof at Umatac.

Antonio Pigafetta who was the chronicler ofMagellan's expedition in his account "Navigationand Discovery of the Northern Indies," gave someinformi-rtion that Magellan landed in Guam.

Some local students of history in Guam do notagree with the generally accepted belief dhatMagellan landed in Guam.

Through industrious and intelligent research,these desirable informations miglrt develop.

The people of Guam await authentic data onthis question.

GUAM QUESTTONS AND ANSIVERS

Q.l-Date Island of Guam became a possession ofthe United States.

A.-The Island of Guam became a possession ofthe United States on 1 February 1899"Guam was captured on 20 June 1898 duringthe Spanish-American War by the U.S.S.Charleston, comrnanded by Captain HenryGlass, U.S.NI.

Q.2-The Island of Guam Seal.A.-The Guam Seal emblem with a coconut tree

and an outrigger canoe, symbolizes, ( 1) Thecoconut tree represents the most irnportantproduct of the island; (2) The outriggercanoe symbolizes the early fame of theChamorros in their skill in manning thecaj'ioe as seen by Magellan who called it the"Flying Froas", and the means for theirinter-island communication.

Q.3--The Island of Guam l\{otto.{.-'(Qgnp fOr GUam."

Q.4-The Island of Guam Flower.A.-Morning Glory. Vernacular: Abubu; Scien-

tific name: Ipomea Choisiana.Q.5-The Island of Guam Bird.A.-Rose'Crowned Fruit Pigeon. Vernacular' :

Totot; Scientific name: Ptilopus Roseinca-pillus.

Q.6-Derivative of the name Guam.A.-The name Guam derived from the original

natives who called it 'lGuahan"-1nszningperhaps the land of plenty.

April 19/+0

Spanish Galtreorns

By Commander P. J. Searles, (CEC), U.S.N.

(Continued from last i,ssue)

Water was carried in several thousand jars,some of which were stowed belorv, and othershung in the rigging" On a few galleons waterwas carried in bamboo tubes, and occasionall;, ' 11cisterns. There never was enough water, andthe insufficient amount was supplemented, whenpossible, by rain water. It was not uncommonfor the water ration to be reduced to about a quarta day for all purposes, and on some trips menand women died of thirst.

For scanty spoiied foo,d, insufficient water,crowded quarters, harsh discipline, discomfort,disease, sickness and perhaps death, passengerswere called on to pay as much as 5,000 pesos forthe trip.

Loses by Siekness

Galleons always lost a large number of thepassengers and crew due to disease, mostlyscurvy. In 1606 eighty died while en route toAcapulco. In 1620, a galleon lost 99 at sea andrvas unable to proceed further than the Guadala-jara coast. In 1629 the loss amounted to 105, in1633 two galleons lost 140 at sea, w};ile the twogalleons of 1643 lost 114. In 1657 all aboard theSan Jose perished; none were alive when she wasfound floating south of Acapulco over a year afterleaving Manila. Still another galleon late in the17th century lost 208 out of her passenger andcrew list of 400.

In 1755, eighty two of the Santisimo Tri,nidad,'s435 died at sea, over 200 sick were landed at theJesuit Mission at Cape San Lucas, ancJ. only 27men were able to stand when bhe ship reachedport. Even as late as 1806 the San Anclt'es lost36 from scurvy alone.

Shipwrecks

"[he Santa Margo,rita, Santo Tomas, San Gero-n'i.mo and. Sctn Antonio are four of about 35galleons that rn'ere wrecked. Several thousandlives were lost, and perhaps more than 50,000,000pesos in property. Storms were not the only

cause of wrecks. Some ships were lost becauseof rotten timbers, top heavy; improper and un-safe loading; incompetence of offi.cers and seamen.

Among other wrecked galleons were NuestraSeitoru de La Vitlu,7620; San Feli.pe, 1596; SanFi'ancisco: San Jose, whose loss was ascribed tothe fact that the workmen who built her hadworl<ed on holy days; Saz Pctblo, lost near Guam1568, the flrst galleon to be wrecked-she was car-rying about 40,iJ00 pounds of einnamon; EspirituStt'nto, 1576; San Juu.nillo, 7578; San Antonio,1,603, while carrying an extremely rich cargo, aswell as ]rany wealthy citizens of Maniia who werefleeing from the Chinese uprising; San N'icolas,lost in 162l with 330 persons; Concepcion,wrecked orr Saipatr, 1638-six of the 28 survivorssaiied in an open boat to the Phiiippines; So,nAntbrosio, wrecked on Luzon with a loss of 150persons, \639; Encarnu"cion, 1649; Santo Ct"istode Burgos, burned at sea 1693,-one of the mostireart rending of all sea stories is that of cannibal-ism among the few who rnanaged to escape theship, oniy two reaching land alive, one insane andthe other long imprisoned for having eaten humanflesh; San Jose,7694,-the largest galleon built upto that time, she was wrecked near Mariveles witha ioss of 400 lives; Sc,ia Francisco Xauier, 1705;Pilar, 1750; San Cristobal, 1735; San Andres,1798.

Wreck of the Santa Margarita

In 1600 the Santa Margctrita sailed from Manilaw-ith a passenger and crew list of 260. Almostat once she was battered by storm after storm.FIer commander, Juan Martinez de Guillestigui,and her pilot died. For eight months the galleonwas thrown helplessly about, finally to be castashore on Saipan, with only 50 men still alive.Most of these 50 were killed by the Chamorros.

In 1601 Lhe Santo Tomas sailed by Saipan andpicked up a survivor of the Santa Margarita whocame out in a native boat. Although other sur-vivors were living ashore, Commander Antonio de

10

Ribera Maldonado refused to stop long enough topick them up. Padre Juan Pobre jumped over-board and swam ashore in order to assist the poorsailors, and it is pleasing to relate that all wererescued by the Jesus Mario in 1602. It is notunpleasing to relate that Maldonado lost his shipand his life by wreck before he was able to reachManila.

Guam as a Port of Call

Although Magellan discovered Guam in 1521,and although many ships followed his route, start-ing with Alvaro de Saavedra in 7527 and Villa-lobos in 7542, it was not until June 1668 that aroyal order was issued requiring all west boundgalleons to put in at Guam. The order furtherrequired that during the month of June beacorrflres were to be kept burning on the highest pointsof Guam and Rota.

The galleons always lay to offshore while waterand fresh provisions were taken on board, andpassengers and cargo landed. In 7674 a stormarising, the then visiting galleon had to put tosea without her captain, and actually proceededto Manila leaving the unfortunate man behind.

The Spanish crown orclered about 34,000 pesossent annually from Mexico to Guam as "situado"and "socorro", or "subsidy" and "relief". Of thisamount the Governor officially got 3,000 pesos.

The course of the east bound galleons was far tothe north of Guam and, consequently, the islandwas not a port of call for vessels bound forAcapulco.

For over two centuries practically all passen-gers, cargo and money for Guam were carried inthe Spanish galleons.

Cargo

Among the many articles carried by thegalleons were:

Gold from the Orient to Mexico.Silver from Mexico to the Orient.Chinese silks, gauzes, Cantonese crepes, veivets,taffetas, damask, grograins, brocades.Stockings (one galleon carried over 50,000),cloaks, robes, skirts, bodices, kimonos.Bed coverings and tapestries.Flemish laces and Spanish cloth.Table linen and handkerchief of Chinese work-manship.

The Guo"m Recorder

Church vestments made in China.Cotton and cotton goods from Bengal, Coromandeland Malabar.Persian and Chinese rllgs.Jewelry and jewels from the Orient, includingrings, bracelets, earrings, necklaces, rosaries,cruciflxes, etc., set with diamonds, rubies andpearls.

"A golden bird from China", seized at Acapulcoin 7767 as an illegal article of trade.

Jewel studded sword-hilts.Aliigator teeth, plain or mounted with gold.Women's combs; in !767 the Sun Caflos carried

80,000.Fans, ivory castanets, copper cuspidors, nu-

merous articles of ivory, jade and jasper.

Sandalwood. .Brass tooth picks and paper balloons.T3ronze thimbles and eyeglasses.Earthernware and porcelain.Chocolate from Guayaquil and tea from China.Mani la Cigars.Spices and "drugs", including clove, cinnamon,

pepper, musk, borax, red lead, camphor and nut-l l tA0

Animals including a white deer sent as a pre-sent to the King of Spain in 1746.

Slaves.

There follor,v accounts of the four captures ofgalleons made by the British. The first is takenfrom Francis Pretty's account of the voyage ofThomas Candish. The second is taken fromWoodes Rogers account of his voyage around thervorld. The third is taken from Richard Walter'saccount of Anson's voyage. The fourth has beenpieced together from several sources and tells ofthe exploit of two ships of Admiral Cornish'scommand"

Other gaileons were pursued or attacked, butonlyr feur were captured by the Britist^.

The flrst Englishman to capture a Manilagalleon was the "Worshipful Master ThomasCandish of Trimley in the Countie of SuffolkEsquire", as he is described by Francis Pretty,chronicler of the event.

Candish (Note: Also known as Cavendish)went to London in his youth and early made theacquaintance of Sir Walter Raleigh as well as ofsome of Drake's veterans. Inspired by their

April 19110

example, he made an unsuccessful voyage to theWest Indies and Virginia, and then in 1586 re-ceived command of three small vessels with whichhe circumnavigated the globe, capturing Spanishships and looting and burning Spanish-Americancities en route. Candish arrived back in Englandin 1588. The following extracts are taken fromPretty's account of the voyage.

"Wee departed out of Plimouth on Thursdaythe 21 of July 1586, with 3 sayles, to wit, theDesire a ship of 120 tunnes, the Content of 60tuns, and lhe Hugh Gallant a barke of 40 tunnes:in which small fleete were 123 persons of allsortes. (Note: Pretty was aboard the HugltGal lant) .

"The 4 of November (Note 1587) the Desireand the Content-beating up and downe upon theheadland of California, which standeth in 23degrees and 2/3 to the Northward, betwene sevenand 8 of the clocke in the morning one of thecompany of our Admirall which was the trumpet-er of the ship going up into the top espied a saylebearing in from the sea with the cape, rvhe,reLlponhee cryed out with no small joy to himselfe andthe whole company, A sayle, A sayle, with rvhich

11

cheerfull rvord the master of the ship and diversothers of the company went also up into the mainetop, who perceiving the speech to be very truegave information unto our Generall of theseliappy ney/es, who was no lesse glad than thecalise required; whereupon he gave in chargepresently unto the whole company to put allthings in readiness, which being performed wegave them chase sorne 3 or 4 houres, standingwith out best advantage and working for thewinds. In the afternoone r've got up unto them,giving them the broad side with our great ordi-narlce and a volee of small sl-rot, and pi'esentl1'}a1-ecl the ship aboord, t'heleof t1-re Iiing of Spain\ras o\\'ner, u-hich rvas Aclmiral of tire South Sea,callecl the S. Ait,tc,.. and thottght to ire 701,1 tltnnesin burthen. Nou' as \\-ee l-ei'e leacl5- ou theilships side to enter het', being trot past 50, or 6t)men at the uttermost in our ship, r,r.e perceivedthat the Captaine of the said shrp had macle fightsfore and after, and lal'fl their sailes close on theilpoope, their midship, r,vith their fore castle, anrlhaving not one man to be seene, stood close unclei'their fights, lvith lances, javelings, rapiers and

(Continued on page 33)

t2 The Guam Recorder

Olippering ThroughBg Marguret Saunders

Aboard lhe Cali,f orni,a Clipper was Mr. JosephGellson, a DuPont representative bound for Indiato report on some black sand which is to be con-verted into white paint (believe it or not). Mrs.Ramsey, Mr. Gellson and another passenger Mr.Alfred Gemperle, took a drive into Agafla and upto our club and were extremeiy impressed withGuam. They took photographs of some of theold churches and native homes and scenes tocarry back with them.

The China Cli.pyter arrived the sarne afternoonas the California Clipper and brought six ad-ditional passengers to Guam. l\{r. Charles Corai,Executive of the Nestle's Milk, Inc. in Singapore.He flew from Singapore to Saigon via KNILM,from Saigon to Hong Kong via Air France, andis flying the Pacific via P.A.A. In San Franciscohe will fly via United Air Lines to New Yolk.

Mr. and Mrs. Mahomed-Akbar Fazalbhoy ofBombay were another much traveled couple. Theyhad flown from Bombay to Karachi by Tata Air-lines, thence to Hong Kong via Imperial Airrvays,to San Francisco via P.A.A. ancl finally to Cam-den, New Jersey by American Airlines.

Mr. Stewart H. Durkee was returning to hishome in San Merino, California after severalyears sojourn in Palembang, Sumatra, in theempioy of the Standard Oil Co.

Mr. Sergius Klotz, Manager of Manila's fore-most brokerage firm Swan, Culbertson & Fritz, ismaking a leisurely Clipper-Steamer round tripto the United States. Altho Mr. Klotz is a fre-

quent Manila-Hong Kong Clipper traveler, this ishis lirst trans-Pacific crossing by Clipper.

Mr. Laurence D. May, Executive of the FacificCornmercial Co. in Manila, lvas returning to hishome in Marion, Ohio. Mr. May, rvho was inGuam flve days when an engine was changed somemonths ago, said it r;ras like getting home to cometo Guam. Mr. 1\4ay's delightful sense of humorliept passengers and crevlr alike cheerful andamused while they sat about the Hotel throughthe dela.y. He really was "the life of the party."

Captzrin Keuneth Beer brouglrt nine passengers,fivc of rvhom rvere corlrpany employees beingtransferred to island duty. Mr. Henry J. Belden,Executive of the Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Co. ofiHanila, was making a business and pleasure tripto San Francisco where he will meet his wife.I{rs. Belden caxne through just before Christmason her way home to spend the holidays withrelatives.

Mr. John D. I\{cCord, Executive of the Blue BarCoconut Co. in Manila, r,vas starting on his thirdrounil trip across the Pacific by Clipper.

We'\'e often heard hor,v the Charleston came in-to Guam in 1898 and fired on the Island. Whenno answering volley sounded from Fort SantaCruz, the Chtwleston fired the national salute andwaited. The Governor finally was rowed out fromshore and regretted very much that he could notreturn the salute, but the island was out of am-rrrreniiicn. On this plane was IIr. George Simmieof }f anila who was on the City of P.eking, one of

,\pril 19.10

the ships being convoyed by the C'h,at"leston onthis historical occasion. He substantiated theabove story and said that no mail had reachedGuam for over six months at that time so no oneknerv that Spain and America lvere at War.Ih". Simmie is norv an Executive of the LuzonStevedoring Co. and an old timer on the trans-Pacific skyway. He is also one of the Phiiippine'srnost prominent yachtsmerr. Last year he boughtthe sailing ship that \\'as Lrsed in the fiiming ofthe motion picture "Hurricaue"' and sailed itl:ack to the Philippines himself r,vith a crew of 11.X{rs. Simmie n'as accompanying her husband onthis trip and expressed great sulprise at thebeauty of Guam. She say she wonders why morepeople from Manila don't corne to Guam and stopover for a rest and some fishing. 1\{r. Simiaie isflying back to Rocirester for treatrnent and willretui:n by Clipper when his heaith is better.

l,Xr. Ceorge Angns, Division Superintendent ofRadio for Pan American rvas mahing his yeariyinspection trip as far as Hong Kong.

The Phi.li,ppine Clipper, under comrnand ofChief Pilot Jack Tilton, came staggering intoGuam under the vreight of two of tire largestgentlemen ever to travel together over the air-ways, Baptiste Thunderbird, weil known wrestler,and Glenn Lee, boxer. The rest of the passengersand crew had numerous tales to tell. At \r/akeIsland Thunderbird and Lee put on an exhibitionin the hotel lobby, Ld claiming that Thunderbir'dwas just a baby and didn't want to hurt him.Chief Thnnderbird has all his feathers with himand has promised to wear them ashore when herc,turns from Manila so that the children of Guamrray see how a real Indian looks. There were nowomen aboard so the Chief went barefooted andwore no shirt except at spots -where tlie clippei'landed. Captain Tiiton says that at one point inthe trip, he noticed the ship acting rather strange-1y, the alltomatic stabilizer trying to keep up withzl large arnolln'r of activity somewhere in the ship.Upon investigation he discovered Lee and Thun-derbird doing their setting-up exercises in thelounge of the plane, playfully roiling about on thefloor, jumping up and dolvn, shadow boxing, etc.The Chief weighs around 240 pounds and Leesomev,'here ciose behind. Mr. Wallace Kirkland,a photographer for Life Maguzine, abeady hadj-iis arnl in a cast from an accident in California,

13

so he kept out of the way. Mr. Kirkland is onhis way to India to cover the forthcoming IndianCongress. It is expected that there may betrouble and Mr. Kirkland's assignment is con-sidered fft,e assignment of the year, so he didn'treport his broken arm as he didn't want to missout on this opportunity. He has his cast maceflat aiong the left arm so he can rest his cameraon the flat surface and "grind" with his right.

Captain Barrows brought in quite a sizeablepassenger list which included Mr. Constantine LeoZakhartchenko, Aeronautical Engineer who flervthrough hele several r'veeks ago to New York onbusiness. Mr. Jean Lecornec of Paris was flyingall the u'ay to Tokyo on a dipiomatic mission. Hewas accompanied by his attractive 11 year olddaug;hter Yannick and her governess, Mrs. Annecl'Eauborrne. Mr. John O. Enberg, President ofIl{:rlsmann Co. of California, was on his r,vay toI-'5anila for a three months business trip. Mrs.Enbe,rg rvas rvith him again this trip. They areboth getiing to be oid bimers oir this line.

Vir. Paul LclviS, Export Manager of Coca-Colav/as on another of his freouent trans-PacificCiipper crossings.

Returning to Guam after participating in theconstruction of Pan American's newest trans-Facific Clipper base at Canton Island on the pro-jected route from San Francisco to New Zealand,were: lVill iam Hughes, Jose Flores, Franciscol\{ufroz, Ernest Wustig, and Charles Wolford.

On the return trip, Captain Tilton broughtMr. Frank B. Gummey, employee of StandardVacuum Oil Co. who rvas returning to his homein Philadelphia, and Mr. Erwin Schwabe, import-er and exporter of New York City. The twopassengers sat about the hotel and told interestingstories of their trip to the Orient. Mr. Schrvabesays that ai one airport in French-Indo China,ihe passengers alighted frorn a plane and steppedoff into tlie heart of the tropics. The temperaturewas around 90 degrees and the passengers thirsty.On a table at the airport were a few sandr'vichesand some bottles of beer and coca-cola, practicallysteaming in the afternoon sun. Mr. Schrvabeturned to the native attendant and asked if theydidn't have a refrigerator. "Oh yes," replied theboy, "l,./e catch icee box but no ice now. Thistlinter time."

l4 The Guam Recorder

Herrera for years has worked for the interest ofthe young people of his community, serving inthe capacity of an advisor to the local Boys ScoutTroop. He is a big booster for both the boys'and girls' agricultural clubs and the Boy Scouts;Mr. Baltazar P. Carbullido, representative of theDepartment of Education and principal of DyerSchool, Piti; Mr. Lorenzo Siguenza, AssistantField Extension Agent and Superintendent of theBoys' and Girls' Agricultural Clubs.

The judging of all outstanding agricultural clubprojects was based upon the following scores:

I . PRODUCTiON:1. Quality 9%2. Qual i ty , 16%

II . METHODS:1. I rnproved --- . " $%2. Educat,ional value 15%

III . RBTURNS FROM PROJECT:

(Profit realized from project) 25%

IV. RtrCORD KEEPING ON PROJtrCT:

1. Figures on operation -,------- ,-------- 9%2. Story of project : - - 71%

Below are the rvinners and the scores eachmade; awards given; and the relative standingof districts in all aericulturai club activities.

Project Name of MembelPoint

District Scored

Talofofo 287Merizo 318Merizo 372Piti 328Talofofo 311Agat 404

Jalaguag 354Talofofo 391Inarajan 326Agat 410

Boyso and Girls' Agricultural ClubsBy Lorenzo T" Siguenza, Ass'istant Field,

E rtensiotr, Agent and Superintendent,Boys' ancl G'irls' Clubs.

The result of the judging of the boys' and girls'agricultu"'al club work for the year has been quitegratifying. The judges took great pains in de-ciding finally the winners who represented pro-gressive club members, from practically all thefarming districts of the Island. The judges

selected were Mr'. Ramon S. Baza of Yofla, anoutstanding rancher in the Island and for manyyears member of the Guam Congress serving hiscornmunity in the capacity of a Councilman; Mr.Vicente C. Castro, Commissioner of one of thegreatest vegetable producing districts of theIsland, also one of the outstanding commissioners;Mr. Jesus Herrera, an ex-serviceman (U.S.N.)residing in Agat and ranching in Fena. Mr.

. . , : , .

' ' l :

Copra CltibCorn ClubGarden ClubBean ClubHorticultrirePoultry ClubPig ClubRoot CropCalf ClubRice Club

Jose G. CastroA. L. CharfaurosJ. L.G. CruzA. CertezaPedro SalasVicente HerreraE. S. Peredo

Juan S. SalasJoaquin L. PaulinoS. CastroRice club member at 'r.ork

April 1 9 /10

Copra Club1. One Machete and Copra Extractor with casing2. One Young Cross-bred boar (Duroc Jersey-

Berkshire)

Calf Ciub1. One Young Closs-bred bull (Indian-grade

native)

Corn Ch,rb1. One Plow2. One Fusino

Garden Ciub1. One Cultivator2. One Sirading Fork3. One flattock

Rice Clul;1. One Pior'.'2. One Pitch Fork

Poultry Club1. One Cross-bred gilt (Duroc Jersey-Berlishire)2. One Cross-bred boar (Duroe Jersey-Berk-

shire)

Relative standing of districts in all agr.iculturalclub activities for season ending 31 March 1940.

15

Department of Education for its unselflsh co-operation in the work of the boys' and girls' agri-cnltural clubs. The club supervisors and the localciub ieaders all of v,'hom are members of the De-partment of Education as principals and teachersof the outlying schools are all to be commendedfor ttre high spirit and untiring efforts puttingacross such great task which would have beenimpossibie to accomplish had it not been for theirhelp.

I{aval Station News

Enlistments

The foilo*'ing narned uten \l-ere enlisted in theL.S. N:rr'1' as lless Attendants, thilcl Class, on 1i'Iarch 1940 and n-ere transferr"ed to the U.S.S.R.L. Barnes for training and duty:

Mesa, Juan C; Leon Guerrero, Vicente C;Sablan, Francisco B; Mangloffa, Manuel C; Tai-jeron, Vicente C; Garrido, Jose B; Toves, EliasB; Carbullido, Luis A; Taijeron, Carlos C: Diaz,Manuel C; Quef iga, Si lv ino T; Cruz, Miguel J;Balajadia, Ramon I ; Aguon, Jose C; Fejeran,ldauuel F.

A colonel touring 'Europe did not believe inforgetting those he left behind. So to his son incollege in his home country he wrote:

"I am nor,v standing on the cliff from which theSpartans used to throw their defective children.Wish you were here." Illinois Siren.

MARCH OF TIME"Crisis oaer the Pucdfir"

Last July a photographer from the March ofTime studios made a motion picture of Guam - itspeople, its activities, its buildings and its scenery.

This film is expecied 3 April and will be shownat THE GAIETY THEATER Sunday, April 7th.

Don't fail to see this motion picture of yourIsland. You may see yourself on the screen ---anyway you will see some of your friends andmany familiar scenes. -Ad,uertisement.

Bean Club1. One Cultivator2. One Pitch Fork

Horticulture C]ub1. One Cultivator2. Orre Pl l r r i r i r rs St$-

3. One lI:rttock

Root Crop1. One Piorv2. One Mattock

District Poin{ir

Talofofo 2,904

Piti 2,888

Agat 2,636

Local ClubLeaders

L Quitugua.JUan ralmanglo

Alfred Sablan and

Local ClubSuperviscrsT r\ , , i+, , - , , -r , wur!u}.ua

B. P. Carbullido

J, TorresJose Rivera

Inarajan 2,275 C. Quinata F. LujanUmatac 2,064 Jesus Quinata F. SanchezMerizo 1,846 Jesus Barcinas lL CharfaurosYona 1,783 Jesus Reyes L, D. FloresJalaguag 1,600 Antonio Crisostomo Jose PerezSumay 1,515 Manuel Sablan A. B. WonPatDededo 1,450 Vicente Benavente E. Untalan

Yigo 1,347 Pedro Cruz Pedro Cruz

Barrigada 1,136 Jose Taitano V. T1'ding6o

Price 1,104 Juan White P. B. L. Guerrero

Sinajana 1,089 Manuel Lujan Manuel LujanAsan 743 Loyenzo Borja and Mrs. J. Tydingco

Jose RosarioMachanao 431 Angel Flores A. MartinezTumon 208 Felix Mesa D. Perez

The Department of Agriculture through thismedium takes the opportunity in thanking the

Ilepartrnent of Ddueation trYotes

When this issue of the Recorder reaches you,the Schools of Guam will have passed their thirty-sixth milestone since Guam became a possessionof the United States. For the flrst six years ofthe presence of Americans in Guam some feebleattempts at the establishment of schools weremade but with no apparent success. In 1904 abeginning was made. There were schools inAgafla and Asan. The first teachers lvere twoclerks and one Marine who were diverted fromtheir regular duties for a part of the day, andthree native girls who knew enough of the Eng-lish language to teach the beginners.

Since 1904 each year has shown progress ineducational opportunities and standards. In everycommunity there is now a school with its orn'n staffof native teachers. This means that every boyand girl in Guam has the opportunity of schoolingthrough the sixth grade, near his or her home.

In addition, there is now a well establishedJunior High School course in Agafla giving op-portunity to ali who show themselves qualifiedfor further study. Here, along with academicstudies, the student is taught the worth of in-dustry in the Industrial Arts sections.

But, this is not all. This year is the first thathas offered a complete High School course as adefinite part of the Guam school program.

16 The Guarn Record,er

Graduation Frogram - Junior and Senior

Iligh School

1. Processionai March, The JuniorGraduating Class 1940 Navy Band

2. Triumphal March from"Aida" (Song) The Junior Graduates in

honor of the Senior ClassAccompanist, Thomas J. Johnston

3. Welcome Song--- ----The Graduating Class 1940Accompanist, Antonia P. Mufla

4. Our Resolutions- Flora L. G. CruzSalutatorian

Junior Graduating Class 1940Viol in Duet,"In Old Madrid"----------Thomas J. Roberto and

Pedro T. LimtiacoAccompanist, Antonia P. Mufla

Class Astrologist -- -- -- ------------Jose M. GuzmanPresident,

Junior Graduatins Class 1940Vocal Solo,"Little Sir Echo"-- - --- Serifina S. Pangelinan

Accompanist, Tomas F. SakaiPiano Solo, "Valsedes Fluels' ----------Antonia P. Mufia

5.

17

Roy C. Smith Sclool,'Anigua - ssnsfrusfsd 1925

ATtri.I 19/t0

9. Presentation of theGraduating Class -- ----Agueda I. Johnston

Princinal10. Presentation of

Diplomas----------Governor: James T. Alexander11. "Climb Though the

Rocks be Rugged"----_---------Richard F. TaitanoValedictorian

Senior Graduating Ciass 194012. "My Boat is Waiting Here

for Thee" (Song)- The Undergr.arluatesAccoripanist. Thornas J. Johnston

13. Presentation ofMedals Chaplain Par-rl G. Linau'eaver

14. "The Gratitudes' Lourdes S. TorresValedictorian

Junior Graduating Class 194015. "God Bless

America" (Song) The Graduating Classesand Audience

Accompanied by the Navy Band16. "We Cheer and March

Arvay" (Song) The Graduating Classes 1940Accompanist, Antonia P. Mufla

17. Exit 1t/Iarch-------- -------------Irlavy Band

r Junior High School Graduates

Valedictorian----------------Lourdes S. TorresSalutatorian---,----------------Flora L. G. Cruz

Aflague, Rosa S.M. Leon Guerrero, Pedro C.Aguigui, Delfina T. Limtiaco, Pedro T.Aguon, Isabel T. Lrl.i itti, Maria C.Anderson, Joaquina A. i\facDonald, James B.Anderson, Soledad B. I{ufla, Antonia P.Blas, Maria C. Pablo, Jose C.Borja, Jose S. Pangelinan, Serafina S.Borja, Antonia S. Pereda, Jose P.Camacho, Nuncia E. Perez, John A.Crisostomo, Maria L. Pet:ez, Tomas P.Colner, Howard U. Punzalan, Antonio A.Cruz, Jesus H. Quan, Juan C.Cruz, Jesus P. Reyes, Ignacio M.Cruz, Jose D. Iieyes, Rita R.Cruz, Jose P. I{oberto, Thomas J.Cruz, Jose T. Rosario, Joaquina L.Cruz, Juliana R. Sakai, Tomas tr'.Dueflas, tr'rancisco S. Sanchez, Juanita C.Flores, Remedios B. Sanchez, Maria C.

Garrido, Jesus B.Guerrero, Manuel C.Guzman, Jose M.Haniu, Fidela B.Ifara, Jesus C.

77

San Nicolas, Vicenta M.Santos,, Enrique S.Taitano, Barcelisa C.Taitano, Catherine M.Tenorio, Jose G.

Herrero, Regina S.N. iferlaje, Isabel C.Imaizumi, Jose D. 'J.;'dingco, Ruth L.Indalecio, Emeteria C. Ulloa, Evelyn R.Leon Guerrero, Francisco B. Ulloa, Paul D.Leon Guerlero, Glolia C. Untalan, Pedi'o L. G.

Yokoi. Jose O.

Senior il igh School Graduates

Valedictor ian .- ----------Richalcl F. TaitanoSalutatorian ,----- Consolacion C. San Nicolas

Atoigue, Alejandrina lVL Qtritugua, Ana P.Cruz, Jose P. fioberto, Mercedes D.Pangelinan, Francisca B. Rosario, Jose L.

Santos, Rosa B.

Senior Valedictory Address

n'cLIMB, THoucH THE RocKs BE RUGGED"

By Richurd F. Taitutto

'Iourists in mountainous regions at e oftenfascinated by the feats of daring performed bythe natives. Up, 'Jp, up-over rocks that seemimpassable to the beholder, they climb with agilityand ease to the highest point accessible, clingingto the smallest edge of rock, and finding a foot-hold upon ledges that are scarcely perceptible.

It does not seem remarkable to them. They areschooled to such efforts from their earliest years,and it has become as second nature to them.Sometimes their hands may be torn in graspingsome sharp bit of rock, or their feet may be clltb;z contact with its keen edge, but they do notheed it. Their eyes are on the goal ahead, andthey pay but little attention to the rocks that theypass. They do not even question whether or nottlrey can surmount the diflfrculties in the way; theyI'now they must surmount them, and nothing re-rnains to be said.

In our daily lives we, too, are climbing towardsome longed-for goal. The obstacles in our pathoften look as fierce and irnpassable as the rocksin these mountain gorges, but if we have properll.schooled ourselves for the climb, we know that ali

18

things are possible of attainment if we are orrlydetermined upon success.

Ignore the obstacles and they are already half0vercome. Longfellow says,

"We have not wings, we cannot soar,But we have feet to scale and climb

By slow degrees; by more and moreThe cloudy summits of our time."

And the climbing is glorious work. There issuch an inspiraiion in every step forward, sueha thrill of self-satisfaction in each rock left belowus that we share in part the mountaineer's ex-ultation as he mounts higher and higher towardthe glittering peaks above him. If we have aprize ahead of us that is worth striving for, andheep our eyes persistently fixed upon it, noobstacles in our pathway can daunt us. Instead.every hardship encountered spurs us on to greate,reffort. and fires us with a firmer determination tr-.rconquer anything-everything-that lies beforeLIS.

But, laying aside all thought of reward at theend, it is well worth while to climb the rocks inour pathway for the sake of the character develop-ment it brings to r-rs. The influence upon ouriives of every victory we gain cannot be over.-estimated, and what we acquire in self-control,in persistence, in earnestness, and in all thosesterling qualities that make the true man andwoman, is worth every effort, it matters not holvdifficult or how prolonged it may be. Characteris developed and strengthened through the buffet-ings of Fate just as the swimmer develops hismuscle by battling against the tide.

If we can be sure that tve are climbing - earn-estly, steadfastly climbing - no rock that canpossibly confront us can be too rugged for us topass.

Our climbing so far has been easy, and the fewrocks we have encountered in the ascent have beennot hard to surmount. Well-informed guides havepicked out the srnoothest places for our feet, andhave pointed out the heights above us so enthu-siastically that it has been only a pleasure to seekthem. But the time is fast approaching wheneach of us must press forward alone. The rocksahead look rugged and steep, but rve have beenschooled to the ascent, like the rnountaineer in hisclimb, and we need not fear to step boldly for-

The Guam Recorder

ward, determined to scale all heights, until westand at last on the mountain peak of success.

So, let us climb ever onward and upward,though the rocks be rugged to our feet, and harshto our hold. Let us regard the scars that everyhard experience must leave on our lives asbadges of our scholarship, remembering that "Godgives His best scholars the hardest lessons," andthat the rougher the journey, the sweeter thesuccess at the end.

And when at the summit. we are able to lookdown and see how the very jaggedness of therocks has been our supreme source of assistance,we may say, while we are grateful for the victorywe have at last achieved over every difficulty,that we are thankful most of all that the rockswere so rugged.

Oh, pause not, then - nor falter,For Fate is in your hand;

Climb, ever, - onlvard, - upward,To where your feet r'vould stand;

The rocks are rough and rugged,But victory is sublime;

Step bravely, boldly forward,And climb, and climb. and climb !

Junior Valedictory Address, .THE GRATITUDES''

By Lourcles S. Torres

We have many things to be grateful for atthis hour.

1. Grateful are rve for these medals and diplo-mas, for they will always inspire us to futureachievements.

2. Grateful are we to our instructors for theyhave taught and guided us wisely.

3. Grateful are we to the citizens of Guam forthe support they have given for our edu-cation.

.1. Grateful are we to our parents and relativesfor the sacrifices they have made for ourlvelfare.

5. Grateful are we to the Seniors of our School,for they, by precept and example, havetrained us to follow in their footsteps.

6. Grateful are we to the undergraduates, forthe;' 6lrrn helped us to learn to be futureleaders.

(Continued on page 36)

April 19/+0 19

\\-on Lost Percentage2 - 100011500

2_

Won Lost Percentage3 - 100011500

Loeafl Sgemrcs

PLAYGROUND ACTIVITIES

Riuerside Bctsketbctll Teq.m W'ins Junior LeagueChampionship:

The Junior Basketball League which was re-ported sometime ago as beiirg underu.ay at theCentral Agafla Playground, ended on the firstweek of March, u'ith the Riuerside Teurn emerg-ing as the undisputed champions.

The team was awarded a trophy as au emblen-rof supremacy in ten straight games. Each rnem-ber of the team also received a silver medal. Thepresentations were made at the Plaza de Espafladuring one of the School Closing Exercises heldlast month.

A silver medal n'as also arvarded to the playermaking the highest score in the whole ieague.The recipient of this coveted rnedal lr'as JoaquinE. Manibusan of the Washington High Schoolteam.

The promotion of this popular activity at theCErtral Agafla Playglonnd u'as heai.tily v'eicomeci

Root AggiesEvening High School -

Riverside Easketball Team - Junior League Champions for 1940

Sitting, from left to right: Frank A. Perez, Jose M. Cruz, Robert R. Butler, Team Cap-tain; Jose B. Garrido, and Jose L. G. Taitinqfong.

Standing, from left to right: Atanacio Salas, Team Manager and Coach; Edmund Okada,Jesus B. Garrido, and Juan D. Cruz. Enrique Cruz and Felix F. Sakai, two other nembersof this tearn were not present vrhen this nict-ure lvas taken.

by the youngsters. A11 hands are again lookingforr,vard to another ieague next year.

Volletl Bctll th,e Nert Actiuity

A rveek after the basketball season was over,Volley Bali was ushered in. The popular Three-Way Volley Ball Leagues which were originatedin 1931 got nnderway again with considerableinterest ancl enthusiasm from all concerned.

Beiovr is pr.rblished the standing of teams ineach ieagr"te as of Jlalcli 20tl-r :

Girls' LeagueTeam

Vlashington High SchoolEvening High SchooiCathedral Team

Boys' LeagueTeatn

\V:ishington High School--

20

At present the Playground is the scene of aTennis Tournament which is being sponsored bythe members of the newly organized Guam TennisClub. Seventeen players are competing in thistournament.

PLAY BALL

tsy Lt. O. W. Robinson, (SC), U.S.l/.

Guam has no hit and run automobile drivers,but hit and run ball players are a dime a dozen.The great American game has been Guam'sfavorite sport for many years, first as honest-to-goodness baseball, and lately as the newly popularsoftball. Although the softball is larger andsofter than the basebali, Guam players are expertand there is no appreciable slowing up of thegame.

Much has been said of the "Golden Era" ofGuam's baseball. Why not do something to bringthe game back out of the dim but glorified pastintolthe very real present?

It must have been rvonderful when games 'lvereplayed in the Plaza rather than way out of tounin Bradley Park (1-1/4 miles from the Plaza),when teams were so great and playsrs so specta-cular that everyone followed the league andgovernors even took teams to the Orient.

But is baseball dead ? Must we play it only inmemoriam? We want to see a new league-a1940 model-superior to any L929 model. Asplendid league can be made up of three Serviceteams and three civilian teams. One civilianteam of Sumay players might have local backing,and two teams could be organized in Agafla, onemade up of talented youngsters, the other ofveterans of the Golden Era-and we may live tosee the youngsters wallop the tar out of these"greats" from 1929.

SOFTBALL LEAGUES OPEN SEASON

By P. T. Franquez, Sltip's Store Ashore

Softball players for the 1940 Season are or-ganized in two leagues, the American and theNational.

The American League under the managementof F. C. Caplinger, C.S.K., U.S.N., includes teamsfrom different Service units ashore and afloat.

The National League teams under the manage-

The Gua,m Recorder

ment of W. U. Lujan, George Washington JuniorHigh School, represent various local groups, andall inhabitants of Guam regardless of position oroccupation are eligible to membership.

To stage a "Glram Little Worid Series" similarto that of the United States ball season is theaim of the two leagues. For the first time inbaseball history a World Series is being run outhere in lonely Guam.

The follorving eight teams, listed in order ofstanding to date compose the American League:

Won Lost71.62

League play opened Saturday, March 2 atBradley Park, by the Police and the Eagles. Inthis game the Police proved their mettle by beat-ing the Eagles 5 to 0. Credit really goes to thePolice's outstanding pitcher, Corporal Davis. Infact before the League opened Corporal Davisserved notice that he fully intended to be theLeague shut-out king. And I think that CorporalDavis knorvs his onions by not eating potatoes"smashed" !

LOCAL FANS CHEER NATIONAL LEAGUEBy Bi,ll Lujan

The Guam National Softball Leagne got under-way Sunday afternoon, 3 March 1940, with fourteams in the organization. The first game of theseason rvas a thriiler between last year's cham-pions, Anigua Tigers, and the newly createdPublic Works ten. Throughout the game the fansrvere kept in suspense, but the champions emergedas victors by shutting out the Public Works 1 to 0.

In the nightcap, the Carabaos, composed of old-timers, carved a close victory over the TogaeRangers by the score of 3 to 0. The Carabaosplayed excellent ball throughout the game, andwere never in a tight spot. The Rangers, thoughyoungsters playing their flrst season together, dis-played good rraterial for ivory hunters in future

(Continued, on page /+0)

Pit i Navy Yatd -- --PoliceBarnesPenguinEaglesMarinesStationHospital

5353353526T7

Apri.l, 19!.0 2l

The Plants of GuamBy E.H. Bryu,n, Jr.

PART XXVI

The Legume Family, part 3, papilionatae

This subfamily contains the peas, beans, andrelated grollps which have an irreguiar flower, inwhich the upper petai (standard) is large andfolcls around tire other petals in the bud, the twolateral petals (rvings) are abotit equal, and thetwo lower petals are solnewhat united to form akeei, which encloses the stamens and pistil. Thereare more than forty representatives of this grottpin Guam. They include several which are culti-vated for their edibie bezrns and pods. A com-plete key to this group i,votild become very techni-cal and difficult for ihe person rvho is not a trainedbotanist to use. The foilowing is a very artificialtabulation of characters, omitting technicalitiesand small dist{nctions, which may help to separatesome of the species.

1. Leaves simpie (with one leaflet).-2.1'. Leaves compound (with more than one

lea11et.-3.2. Tree with leathery, oblong leaves, up to 12

by 5 inches; flov,'ers r,vhite; pod lalgc, hcart-shaped, 1-seeded." Buoy"" Imocat"Tttts cdttli,s.

2'. Erect, branching shrub, leaves oblong-ovate,2 to 5 inches long, 1 to 2 inches ro,'ide; florvels

' small, yellow-green, an zig-zag rachis, hiddenby iarge brownish bracts; pod 1/2 inch long,swollen, 2-seeded. Flemi,ngiu strobiliferu.

22. Shrubby herb, leaves thin, 2 to 5 inches long,oblong-ovate, acnte tip, rouncled base; flowerssmail, pale green or purple; pod cnrved,segmented, 1 inch long. Tick-trefoil, tomates*aniti,utis-aniti. Desmocliulrz gangeticurt'.

23. Spreading, prostrate herb, leaves t/2 to 2inches long; flowers pink-purple; pods seg-merrted, 1/2 inch long, crowded, pubsecent.

AIE sicar pus numrnulurif olius.3. Leaves with one pair of leaflets; slender wiry

herb; leaflets lanceoiate, acute, up to 1 inchiong; flowers small, yellow; pod slender, of 2to 6 prickly segments. Zorn'in di,pltylkt.

3'. Leaves wibh three leaflets.-1l.4. Leaves odd-pinnate (with a terminal leaf-

let) . -6.4'. Leaves even pinnate.-5.

5. Vine with pink flowers and flat pods contain-ing round, scarlet and black seeds.

Abrus preccttorius.

5'. l,orv, l-Lairy, branching shrub; 2 or 3 pairs ofleaflets, I to 2 inches long; peanut.

Aruchis h,ypogctea.

5'. Tree, leaves r,vitir 20 to 40 pairs of leaflets;l:Lrge white flor,vers; long slender pods (ttp to2 feetby 1/2 inch). Sesbania p1randiflorc".

6. Srnall tree or shrubs with cylindrical or in-{lated pods.-7.

6'. Shrubby herbs with 9 to 19 leaflets, and flatpods.-9.

6'. Glabrous herb rvith 31 to 41 leaflets crow-dedon 1 to 2 inch leaf rachis; jointed pod.

A e s chy no m, ene intLicu.6". Clirnbing shrubs rvith 3 to 7 leaflets.-l0.7. Small tree; branches velvety; 15 to 21 almost

scssile, circular, gi'ay pubescent leaflets, 1 to1-l/2 indnes long; pod like velvety string ofbends ; flor.vcls yellor"t. Sophoru tantentoscr,.

7'. Pubescent shrubs with 5 (or 3 to 7) narrowleaflets, 2 ta 5 inches long; floi,"rers yeilov',niarked with purple; pods inflated, 2 incheslong. Cr otcLlurict qwinquef olin.

7'. Weedy shrubs ; 5 to 7 leaflets, not over t inch;flovlers reddish; pods numerous, cylindrical,like minnte sausages.-8.

8. Leaves a.cute or tapering at apex; pods muchcurved, not over 3/5 inch long, with 6 to 8seeds. Indigof era suff'raticosa.

8'. Leaves rounded at apex; pods nearly straight,slightly swollen at intervals, about 1 inchlong, with 8 to 12 seeds. Inctigof erutinctoria.

9. Leaves with 13 to 19 leaflets, long-oblong,3/4to 1-L/2 inches long; flowers rather large onlong, lax, terminal racemes.

T enhrosi,a hookeriana.3'. Leaves with more than three leaflets.-4.

22

9'. Leaves with about 9 leaflets, 2 inches long byI/3 to I/2 indn wide; flowers close together,almost sessile in the axils.

Tephrosi,a mariana.10. Flowers large, showy, deep blue, solitary in

axils ; 5 to 7 leaflets, 1 to 3 inches long; podsflat, up to 5 inches long. Derris trif oli,ata.

10'. Flowers white with tinge of violet, L/3 inchlong, in axillary racemes; pods I to 2 inches

long, flat, winged, 1 or 2 seeds. Clitoria ternata.10'z. Flowers small, crowded in very short pendu-

lous bunches, less than 1 inch long; pod 1inch long by 3/8 inch wide, 1 seeded; leafletsoval, l-I/2 inch long.

Length of Color of flower Length of podleaflet (inches)

( inches)I to 2 purple, in l-t/2, flat

axillary racemes2-l/2 to 5 scarlet in threes 4 by 2-lt2

4 to 5 greenish, 2 to 5umbels in axils

2 to 5 purple, I-1/2 inch, 2 to 4pendulous

3 to 6 purple, pink or 6 to 10white, over'1 inch flat, edible

2 to 6 purple or rose 3 to 5 by 1few on erect scapes

5 by 4 rose-pink, in4 inch racemes

The Guam Recorder

to 2 inches long, containing 20 to 30 grayishseeds. Crotalari,a salti,ana.

12'. Leaves gray-white below, leathery 2/3 incheslong; 6 to 12 white flowers in axillary umbels ;pod I-l/2 to 2 inches long, of 3 to 5 thicksegments. D e s m o clium umb ellatu,m.

12'. Pigeon pea; leaflets 1 to 4 inches long, lance-olate, tapering, dotted with resinous specks;yellow or red flowers (all year), a few inaxils; pods 2/3 inches long, hairy.

Cujanus cajan.13. Leaflets vp to g:/ 4 inch long, minutely toothed

on outer curve; flowers small, yellow; podspiraily twisted, margin with hooked spines;

Dalbergia candenatensis. bur-clo"'er' M edi,cag o denticulat a.

11. Tree with spiny branches;large recl florn'ers 13'. Leaflets usually rounded at tip, l/2 to 3/4in dense terminal racemes; black pod, 4 to inch long, hairy beneath; stems hairy; small10 inches long, containing 6 to 8 dark red purple flowers in axils; pod 3i5 inch long, of

seeds. Erytltrina uariegata. 4 to 5 segments. Desmodium heteroph'yllum.11'. Shrubs.-Iz. 13'. Leaflets l/4 to l/2 inch long, wedge-shaped,11'. Prostrate herbs; leaves not over 1 inch long. cut off or indented at tip; stems nearly bear;

-13. flor,vers br'ight purple, 7/4 inch long, 1 to 3113. Climbers.-14. in axils; pods I/4 to 1/2 inch long, of 2 to 612. Leaves thin 2 to 3 inches long, pale, silky segments. Desmocliurn' trif olium.

beneath; flowers yellow, streaked with red, 14. The 17 species of .,zines r,vhich have leaflets in20 to 50 in terminal racemes; rattle-pods, 1 threes have the following characters:

Features ofpod or seeds

Scientific name,corrmon name.

10 small red Teramnus lcr,bialis,seeds cfu,yguan cacuguates.

L or 2 black Strongytod,on luciclusseeds

j:\1Y,h?]^f' Mucuna sigantea,seeds t rncn futyogo attitti.densely co-vered Mucunu prurietts,stinging hairs couitch

8 to 15 white see'ds Co?roualia ensif ormis,akankan, jctck bean

few, chestnut Canaaalia lineata,colored seeds akunkan tasi.

Canaualia megulantha

3 to 6 purple-pink, in !.t9 6.by 2- 6 black seeds Canaualia nuicrocarpa,pairs, end of scape thick, broad. ladosung tasai^

1 to 1,-1/2 yellow, 2/5 inch 4/5 inch 3 to 5 seeds Santharos1ternllnn scarabaeoides,brown hairs,

1 to 6 white and purple, 2 to by 2/5 many seeds Phaseolus ctd,enanth,us,crowded flat uc&ncan calatun.

2-L/2 t'o 5 green and pale 2 to 5 by a/5 I to 4 Phctseol,tls lunatus,yellow. large seeds l,ima bean

April 19/+0

3 to 6 yellow, in flattopped racemes

2 Lo 4 yellow, 3/5 inch

2 to 6 white orpale purple

6 by 8 pale blue orblue'and white

3 to 6 pink-purple,white or red

3 to 6 light blue orlilac

3 by I/4brown hairs2toBby l /a

cylindrical18 to 36 by 2/5

Sophora tomentosa Linnaeus, seacost laburnum.Shrub or small tree, 3 to 12 feet high, with grayveivety branches. Leaves odd-pinnate, 15 to 2Lleaflets, almost sessile, oLrovoid or nearly circular,gray-pubescent, about I to 7-l/2 inches long.Illowers yellow, petals 3/4 inch long, in erect,stout, ter'minal racc,mes. Pod 3 to 6 inches long,velvety, greatly constricted between the 6 to Bseeds, resembling a string of fuzzy beads. Dr.Safford states that the plant is sparingly foundon the sandy beaches fietween Pago and Talofofo;probably intro,duced. All parts of the plant arebitLer and yield a poisonous alkaloid called sopho-rine, said to have medicinal value. It is found inthe tropics of both hemispheres, near the sea.

Crotalaryia quinkuef oli,a Linnaeus, cascabeles or:cascct't'r,etas, rattle-pod. An erect, branching,rather coarse annual herb, 4 or 5 feet high, r,vithgreenish stem, marked with longitudinal grooves.Leaves with 5, or rarely 7, linear-lanceolate, al-rnost sessile leaflets, 2 to 5 inches long by I/4 to3/4 inch wide, pubescent beneath. Flowers interminal racemes, with yellow petals, of which thestandard is marked with purple-brown. pod in-llated, boat-shaped, about 2 inches long by B/4to 1 inch wide, containing 30 to 40 seeds. Acommon roadside weed, native in India andMalaya.

Crotalaria saltiana Andrews, fomerly calledCrotalariu stri,ata, rattle-box. An erect shrub, 2to 5 feet high, with robust branches, covered rvithfine short hairs. Leaves thin with three leaflets,oblong-ovate, wedge-shaped at base, 2 to 3 incheslong, smooth above, paler and obscurely silkybeneath. Florn'ers yellow streaked with red, 20to 50 in terminal or lateral racemes, 6 to IZ incheslong. Pod 7-1/4 to 2 inches long, yellow when

4 bv 1/2' nat a,?u'"n*l," Ir:!m;;!tri;i,ilf,#*3. tg 5_by 3 to 6, , Dotichos faUmU,4/5, flat brown or white chuchumeco

4 to.10 .by 4t5, partitions - Psphocarpus tetragonolobus,

4 wings between seeds si.gadiltas-

small, edible

3to6dark brown

edible

Phaseolus radiatus,mung bean, mongosVi,gna lutea,accLnca,n malulasaV'igna sinensis uarsesqui,Tted,uli,s

mature, twisting and dehiscing its 20 to B0 gray-ish seeds. By some authorities called a native oftropical America; by others, of tropical Asia;norv widespread in the tropics of both hemi-spheres. Of some value as a forage plant.

Fleminglia strobilifera (Linneaus) R. Brown.An erect, branching shrub, 6 to 8 feet high, thesmall branches velvety; bark chocolate-brown.Le:rves simple, oblong-ovate, base rounded. Z Lo binches long, I to 2 inches wide. Flowers inaxillary or terminal racemes on zig-zag rachis, 2to 6 inches long, the dwarfed cymes of smallflowers hidden by large, folded, persistent bracts,rvhich become light brown; petals yellow-green,tinged with purple. Pods less than l/2 inchlong,slvollen, containing 2 seeds. Noticed principallynear Agafia Spring. Widespread in southeasternAsia and Malaya.

Medicugo denl,iculata Willdenor,v. bur-clover.An annual herb, prostrate or spreading, withradiating, branched stems, up to 16 inches long.Leaves with two prominent, tooth-like stipules atthe base of the stem-plasping leafstalk whichbears three obovate or ovate wedge-shaped leaf_lets, up to 3/4 inch long, minutely toothed on theouter curve. Short axillary panicles of Z to 6small yellow flowers, the calyx with five longteeth. Pod spirally twisted, indehiscent, withmany seeds, its margin feathery with manyhooked spines. A common weed found in lawns,meadows, and waste places. An immigrant fromEurope and Asia, where it is found naturally.

Attempts have been made to grow alfalfa,Meclicago satiua Linnaeus, apparently withoutmuch success.

23

(Continued on page [1)

The Deceived Fisherrnan

By Pri,ncirtal Manuel Charfauros, Cook School

Once there were two compadres (one beingsponsor of the other's child), who rvere supposedto have iived in the old viliage of Umatac. Uponmeeting' one day at worh on a farm, they agreedto go fishing with torches and spears (sulu) thatnight.

In the evening as they r'vere making prepa-rations for their fishing trip, one of them bawledat the other to awake him at low tide at the timeto start out. "Yes, don't worry," shouted backthe other, and both retired.

The hour to start flshing was soinetime aftermidnight. At lon' tide there came a voice bav'l-ing at the other "Pare !, (short for compadre).It's time to go fishing nornv. tr'ind me on theway." The man that was being awakened ofcourse recognized the voice to be his corlpadre's'and he foliowed behind as soon as he vras read-l,.

On reaching th*outhern shore of llmatac Bay,he sar,v his partuer ahead already flshing. HesLarted to fish also and tried to catch up with himin order to fish along together, but his partnerieemecl always to be at abouL the same distancefi'om him and never looked back.

Passing 'round the point at the opening of thebay without catching a single fish, he pausecl fora moment to watch his partner, noticing atthis bime that he was picking somethirtg fromthe water and saying "Bulahomo ! bulahomo !"(packed full) as he put it into his basket. Thiswas repeated again and again, but the things heput into the basket were sea-slugs.

The fisherman was now certaiu that his partnerr,vas not his cornpadre, and he began to think ofhor,v he could dodge him without being noticed.He pretended to fish along, but he was so panic-

stricken with fear that he could hardly walk.

At tast he reached the Toguan Bay where ariver of the same name empties. "IJere's mychance rl.ow," thought he, and he looked at hispartner. Seeing he was at the same distance asbefore and was not looking back, he thrust historch into a hole on a rock and ran in the darkfollowing the river. Then he quit the river andfollowed a course which brought him to a group

The Guam Recorcler

of young men (tautau mona), lvho v,tere playinga game called "Guauho" in the form of a circlesimilar to the "Mulberry Bush."

The flsherman was now almost overtaken byhis partner u.ho had been pursuing, and he wentright into the circle of players with a dash. Beingin the circle his partner, who was very closebehind, shouted, "Guauho, guauho, tuguanho !hasajun tuguanho, pau lulumog, pau lansahi, pauaacho, pau mati." (Play guauho, play guauho,my partner ! I can detect my partner by the scentof moss, sea-weed, rock, and lowtide).

The young men seeing the nelvcomer in a greatfright in their midst prepared to,defend him withall their might. The fisherman's enemy, who wasone of their fellow-men, lvas not allowed to touchhim, and rvhen he persisted by trying to enter thecircle of players, the young men sprang upon himand soon had him vanquished. It was now dawn-ing, and the flsherman was allorved to leave withuirtold gratitude.

Ifriving in Guam

Oh, the dogs of Guam ave a lvond'rous race,Ne'er seen in any other place.

You can blow your horn 'ti l your face is blue,

But they sirnply lie and stare at you.

They simply lie, and stare, and stare-

They've lots of time-hit them if you dare I

And the fowl of Guam is a r,vonderful thing,

E'er seen at rest, or on the wing.

You siep on yollr brahes 'ti l your toes are blue,

But they only squawk, and glare at you.

Or down the road they'li madly race.

Slor,ving you down to a funeral pace.

The piglets grunt, and the ducks they waddle,

Unruffled b)' any such foolish twaddle

As the frantic squall of a motor horn,

For they've owned the isle since they were born.

I lose ten pounds each time I drive,

But the soulful beasts live on, and thrive.-M. Juttp

f1

*

April 194.0 25

Extracts from Catalogue of Earthquakes Felt in Guam 1825-1938W. C. Repetti, S.J.

fuIanila Obseruatory

The association of earthquakes with oceanicdeeps is illustrated by the seismic history of theisland of Guam, Marianas Islands. The NeroDeep, to the southeast of Guam, has a depth of5,269 fathoms at a point about 90 miles fromGuam and earthquake shocks can safely be cha-ractefized as frequent in Guam.

In the following catalogue we confine ourselvesto the shocks which have been perceive,d by per-sons and reported. The records of the WiechertInverted Pendulum seismograph, installed inAgafia in 1914, indicate that there are quite anumber of earthquakes which are felt and notreported, or which could be felt under favorableconditions. The reports from Sumay were madeby the member of the Co4rmercial Pacific CableCompany who made thelroutine meteorologicalobservations at the point. The reports fromAgafla after August 1914, are due to Mr. W. W.Rowley who was in charge of the seismographfrom the time of its installation to the time of hisretirement in November 1935. Since then theinstrument has been under the care of Messrs.Inocencio Aflague and Atanasio Haniu who con-tinue to report the perceptible earthquakes.

The fact that most of the earthquakes are re-ported as felt in Agafia does not imply that theyrvere not felt in other places on the island.

The sources of information used in the com-pilation of this catalogue were the following.

B,-Diccionario-Geogr6fico-Estadistico-Hist6rico de lasFilipinas. Fr. Manuel Buzeta. Madrid. 1850.

CA.-Earthquake Records from Agafra, Island of Guam.Cleveland Abbe, Jr. Terrestial Magnetism andAtmospheric Electricity. June 1904, Vol. IX,No. 2.

EC.-"El Comercia." A Manila nere'spaper.GM.-"Gaceta de Manila," The official government ga-

zette.ML.-In the year 1892 Miguel de Lasa of Guam sent to

Father Miguel Saderra Maso, S.J. a list of earth-quakes which he had taken from a manuscriptjournal of important events in Guam, He endedwith the note:

"These are the scant data supplied by theabove-mentioned book, and they have beenverified by persons of that period (1825-70)

who are stiil living, We remind you, however,that the moderate and light earthquakes, whichfrequently shake us, are not mentioned, butmerely the violent ones." -MOB, Sept. 1,902.

MOB.-Manila Observatory Bulletins.MOR.-llanila Observatory Records.

SM.-Some Notes Concerning the Volcanoes and SeismicPhenomena of the Marianas Islands. Rev. Mi-

guel Saderra Maso, S.J. -MOB. Sept. 1902,VE.-"La Voz Espaflola." A Manila newspaper.Ti.me-We do not know what standard time

was followed in Spanish days; probably meansolar time, corrected at intervals. Our recordscarty a notation that up to 1916 the time in Guamwas th 40- east of Greenwich; and that on August16th of that year was changed to th 39-.

On April 18, 1918 the official time was declaredto be that of the meridian 1490 44' 55" east ofGreenwich, the meridian of the governor's palace.This involved only a fraction of a second changefrom the existing standard, too slight to be of anypractical importance.

On February 7, 1922, the official time was de-cla;red to be that of the 10th time zone east ofGreenlvich, the time of the 150th meridian eastof Greenwich.

Intensity-In some cases the Rossi-Forel scaleof earthquake intensities is referred to.EARTHQUAKES-1825 and 1834. During the months of April and lVlay of

of the years 1825 and 1834 terrible earthquakes wereexperience din this island, causing great damage tobuildings and spreading consternation among the in-habitants, who believed their last hour had come.

1849. on the 25th of January of this year, ,t t#";ti;*before 3 o'clock in the afternoon, a terrible subter-ranean noise was heard; at the same instant there wasa terrific earthquake, with strong vertical and horizon-tal movements, lasting a minute and a half, duringwhich time the last fearful hour of complete desolationseemed to have arrived. The tower of the parishchurch of San Ignacio, that had just been completed,was thrown dolvn upon the roof of the church. Theparochial residence of Agafla, as well as those of Uma-tac, Pago, and Agat, with their churches, and varioushouses in the towns, were more or less ruined, one ofthose that suffered most being that of the college ofSan Juan de Letran. The roof and many timbers fellto the ground, the heavier timbers alone saving it

26

from complete destruction. As a result of the cavingin of the earth from the great shocks, from the schooiof Santa Crtz in a line parallel to tlie river, twelve orfourteen holes opened in the ground, from which issuedsalt water and sand, In various other parts of thecity great cracks appeared in the ground, from whichgases issued, which, perhaps, hidden in the bosom ofthe earth, were the cause of the epidemic that thendesolated the city; for this is shown from the factthat after these gases were thrown out the pest dis-appeared. There u'as only one fatal accident; it wasthe case of a woman of Inarajan, who happened to benear the river Talofofo, u'hen a great sea wave roliingover the road carried her off and she was never seenagain. A person of this town had the curiosity andpatience to count the earth shocks that occurred fromthe 25th of January to the 11tir of March, and hegives the number as 150. -ML. SM.

A party of Caroline Islanders came to Guam frornSatawal, 450 nautical miles SSE of Guan, saying thattheir island had been inundated by sea waves follorvingbhe earthquake. -GR. Oct. 19331 nn. 110 and 115.

1862. On the first of Ju1y, about ?:48 a.m" (the rnomentwhen the clock was stopped by the earthquake), asmall but sufficiently perceptible vertical moveinent*'as felt, and soon terrible oscillations in a N-S di-rection follqwed, whi<lr caused the fall of many tileroofs. The earthquake iasted approximately forforty-five seconds. -ML. SI{. GM. Oct. 27, 1862.

1863. On December ?th, a little after three o'clocl< in themorning, a strong and long earthqquake consisting ofvertical movements, aroused the inhabitants of thistown. -ML. SM.

1866. On June 24, aL abottL 1:25 p.m., there was an earth-quake simi lar to that of 1863. -ML. S}I.

1870. On May 13th, at 3:27 p,m", tv,ro terrible verticaiearthquake shocks were felt, which if they had beenhorizontal would have caused great damage to thestone buildings. There was an interval of about tenseconds between the shocks.

1892. May 16. At 9:10 p.m., the t ime shown by a stoppedclock, there was a terrible vibratory movement whichcaused the people to ieave their houses. It was fol-lorved by a very brusk oscillatioi'r from I'I to S andalso E to W, in which direction it ended, as shown bypictures which were sv.ung to the west in the l-rouses.The earthquake lasted 60 seconds. Tiles of the mason-ry houses fell and some rn'alls were cracked. A leaguefrom the town there were some smalJ sinkings of theground. The coast receded to the reefs, but, fortu-natel-l' dus to its slow return, it dicl not pass iisordinary line. If it had come back with a rush itwould have dragged the in'hole village of San Antoniointo the surf. That night there were three more smallquakes, east to west, and others on the foliowingdays. -ML. SM.

1893. February 17" At 1:30 a.m., three strong vibratorvshocks accompanied by subterranean noise. Ilurationtwo minutes. Barely perceptibie shocks continuedthroughout tn" o3*r".

in MoR. vE. March 18.189s.

The GucLm Record,er

1902. September 22. Lt Il:.24 a.m., three heavy shocksand one light one, lasting in aII 21/z and 3r/z minutes,"during which time the island acted like a ship thrownon her beam ends in a heavy sea." Light aftershocksat 1:00; 2:47; 6:14;7: I4;9: I7; and 10:44 p.m. Sevenother shocks, time not noted. News of the earthquakewas brcught to Manila by the station ship ',Justirr"and the following is a resume of the account ',vhichappeared in the Manila Times of October 7, Ig0Z.

On September 22, at 11:15 a.m., a terr ible sub-terraneous noise was heard, after which the earthbegan to tremble lightiy until the real earthquake,which, as it lasted 45 seconds, u'as long enough tooverthrow everything and terrify not only thenatives but the Americans also. With one or twoexceptions, all the stone buiidings in Agaiia sufferedconsiderably and will need much repairing. Someof the houses were completely ruined. One housein particular sank 2 feet at one end, presenting avery curious picture, and many of the houses aredistorted all out of proportion. Walis 18 and 20inches thick swayed to and fro, cracked, and came tothe ground; tile roofs came dorvn on all sides; theground opened in many places and spouted out salt-water frorn the cracks; at, Piti these crevices gaveforth gases of a characteristic odor; huge rocks.*'eredislodged from the hillsides and produced greatlandslides; rnany bridges were thrown dcwn, pre-

-.-enting the passing of vehicles behveen the citl' efAgafla and the port of Piti, some 5 miles distant,r.vl-rele the N'arehouses are situated; telephone con-nection was also interrupted owing to the faiiing ofinany of the posts.

The casualties reported were only flve nativesinjured. On the trsland of Saipan, also, masonrybuildings were shattered. After the earthquake ther,vhole island seemed to be in vibration; lvhen the"Justin" left for &Ianila more than 100 smali earth-ouakes had been felt. From the other isiands ar-rdeven from other points of Guam outside of Agaiiano ne*,s has been received rrp to the present. Thedamage was estimated to amount to 2b0,000 pesos.

-SM.1902, September 23. At 4:05 and 8:20 a.m., l ight shocks.

At 12:45 p"m., two l ight shccks and one heavy. ,(There

was an almost continuous tremor of the earth duringthe afternoon, i'ioi noiiceable apparently excepr ro per-sons cn floors of buildings elevated above the ground.Several quite marked shocks in the evening."-seatonSchroeder, Commandant. -CA.

1902" "Ever gince the earthquake of the 22nd,, a tremoror trembling of the earth occurs at intervals varyingflom one to firre minutes. No mention of this wasnrade jn our dail5' reports h,efore, for the reason thatat first we thought it was all imagination, but withouta doubt it is a fact. As man;,- other persons reportedto us that they have felt tremors quite plainly and inthe same r'vay." (Unsigned.) -CA.

1902. September 30. At j0:30 a"m., l ight shock. , ,Trenr-

I

(Contiwterl cn ?)ftqe 38)

Apri.l 19L0

Small Pox Epidemic Victims in 1856 Achievement Test

27

Discovery of an old Chamorro graveyard, dat-ing back to the terrible plague that swept theIsland in 1856, was made in 1918 by workmenengaged in the excavation for the Marine Bar-racks then under construction at Asan.

Skeletons were found, piled thickly together intrenches, when Captain W. F. Brown's crewreached a depth of three feet in their diggingalong the sandy beach where the new barrackswere to be built. The bones were piled one atopof the other, as though the bodies had beendumped into the trenches in great numbers. Itwas believed that when the excavations extendedfurther down the beach on the sea side, mereskeletons would be uncovered, as apparently onlythe outer edge of the old buriai ground had beenbrought to light.

Bilntv-roui years ago a trrible plague of smallpox swept the Island and natives died by tlietLrousands, the bodies accumulating faster thanthey could be buried, even by utilizing trenches,where they were dumped by the cartloads. tr'ivebodies oflen 'uvere piled into one carabao cart,carried to the trenches and dumped in withoutceremony. Natives were powerless to check theravages of the disease and the families of thedead often too weak to bury its victims. Thepestilence was not stopped until it had taken atoll of nearly 4,000 lives.

Early records show that before the pestilencethe population of the Island was 9,500 and a fewyears afterwards was only 5,500, a decrease of4,000. Agafia alone had a population of 5,620before the plague, while afterwards the towns ofAgaffa, Pago, Sinajafla, Anigua, Asan and Tepun-gan had a total population of only 4,049.

Chamorro history, according to Juan Perez,state that the visitation of the terrible plague wascoincident with the arrival on the Island of PadrePalomo, the aged priest who came to Guam in1856 about the time of the plague.

So thoroughly did the epidemic take in everypart of the Island that it is probable many othertowns have burial grounds on their beaches,similar to the one unearthed by the Quarter-master's force at Asan. Excavations at Agafiasometime ago reveale'd a series of trenchesthat probably dated back to the time of the

Seventh Series

With what activity is the name of AlexanderGraham Beil associated ?What major city in the world is nearest tosea level?What were the two decisive battles of theWorld War?If you ordered "pommes de terre" from aFrench menu what would )'ou get?What state leads in flour mill products ?What country has a rent tax?How much perspiration is normally dis-charged by a healthy person?What was the original purpose of AndrewCarnegie Foundation?Is the dog or cat mentioned in the Bible?Besides sight, r,vhich of the other senses doesja,de appeal to'lWhat is the piural of the word "axis" ?What is a tocsin ?How does the size of the stomach of a doecompare to that of a human being?Wliat part of the people of the 'uvorld use aknife and fork in eating?At what age do the eyes of human beingsattain their full size ?Who brought Jenny Lind, the famous Swed-ish songstress to the United States ?What hobby puts a premium on poor print-ing?How much tax per year does a person paywho smokes a package of cigarettes a day?What proportion of the women in the UnitedStates are \Mage earners?What is a de facto government?

See anszuers on page 4.3

plague. The natives of this generation saythat during the epidemic the neighbors were notalways particular about waiting for death to beaccomplished and sometimes carted away theplague victims as soon as it was evident that theyhad been caught by the disease.

The skeletons found at Asan were charactefizedby unusually thick skulls and protruding jawbones and seemed to indicate that the plaguevictims were a larger people than the Chamorrosof today.

1.

4.

5.b.

7.

q

10.

11.t2.13.

7At -+.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

Daily Naval Historical DataApril

Mon.-Aztec, American armed ship sunk insubmarine zone-19]-7.Tues.-U.S.S.Alliunce captured British Pri-vateers Mars ancJ. Minerau off France-1781.Wed.-U.S.S. Constituti,on escaped fromBritish Squadron off Massachusetts-l8l3.Thur.-Secretary of the Navy forbad serv-ing intoxicating liquors in officers' rylsssss-1914.Fri.-U.S.S. Cyane captured 5 slave vesselsoff coast of Africa-1820.Sat.-North Pole discovered and reached byRobert E. Ferry, U.S.N.-1909.Sun.-U.S.S. Lerington captured British)ship Eclwurd off Virginia capes-1776.Mon.-U.S. Navy captured Isiand No. 10,Mississippi River-l862.Tues.-Naval Brigade from U.S.S. DaLe onexpedition to Guaymas, routed enemy force--1848.Wed.-John Paul Jones sailed in U.S.S.Ranger to attack British ship Drake-1778.Thur.-Treaty of Peace signed at Paris con-ciuding the Revolution-l783.Fri.-U.S.S. Dolphin first vessel of "WhiteSquadron"-1B88.Sat.-Count D' Estaing with French fleetsailed for United States-1778.Sun.-Body of John Paul Jones found byGeneral Porter-1905.Mon.-Fort Pillow, Tenn. shelled by U.S.Monitor Flotilla-1 862.

28 The Guam Record,er

Tues.-Naval bombardment of Vicksburg,Adrniral Porter ran the batteries-l863.Wed.-Captain Barry captured British shipE cltaarcl, first American prize-1777.Thur.-Naval force under Cornmo'dore Perrvcaptured Tuspan-1847.Fri.-Naval crew of Mongol,ia flred first gunin World War-1917.Sat.-Norfolk Navy Yard abandoned byUnion forces-1861.Sun.-Landing party sent to seize customshouse, Yera Cruz-19l4.Mon.-Naval force under Rear AdmiralFletcher captured Yera Cruz-19l4.Tues.-John Paul Jones raided Whitehaven.England-l778.Wed.-Division of destroyers sailed forEuropean waters-1914.Thur.-Naval ,{cademy made a militarycamp by General Butler-1861.Fri.-Fort Macon, Georgia captured by U.S.Navy-1862.Sat.-First engagement of Spanish war,Matanzas, Cuba-1898.Sun.-U.S. Flag officially raised over VeraCruz, Mexico-1914.Mon.-U.S.S. Peacock sunk by British shipEmperuie'r-l814.Tues.-Navy Department established, Secre-tary of the Navy at its head-1798.

1. 16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

2T,

2.

D.

A

5.

6.

7.

24.

27.

29.

30.

q

10"

11.

12.

13.

L4.

15.

SHIPS DIRECTION

Grant West

Halstead West

Henderson West

2715

27

6

Shipping Notes( Pr ospectiu e Arri,uals and D epartures )

DEPART

Apr., San Francisco

Apr., San Francisco

Mar., San Francisco

Mar., San Diego

GUAM

ARRIVE - DEPART

14 May 14 htay

7 May 9 May

L9 Apr 20 Apr

3 Apr 3 Apr

20

15

zr)

9

ARRIVE

May, Manila

May, Manila

Apr., Manila

Apr., ManilaSepulga West

April 19/+0

A Kapok Tree in GuamBy Magd,ulena V. Cru.z

George Wctshi,ngton Eueruing High School

Kapok is a tree generally distinguished by itshorizontal branches. Kapok is composed of flnewhite or usually light colored, smooth, hairlikefibers about an inch long. It is not a textile fiber,it does not cling together rvell, nor does it makea strong yarn. It is used in mattresses, pillows,and upholstery.

In Guam kapok seed are planted in boxes con-taining any soft and mellow soil which can hold areasonable amount of moisture without causingbhe seeds to rot be,fore germinatfon takes place.As soon as the seedlings are about four incheshigh they are transplanted into tin cans and leftin these containers until about eight inches tall.This permits choosing of the healthiest plants toset out in the permanent fields. After the secondtransplanting care must be taken so that theyoung se,edlings are not destroyed by animals orcror.rd:d out by weeds and underbrush.

29

Another way of planting kapok trees here is tocut off branches from a tree and plant them inproperly prepared soil, whereupon the branchestake root and with proper care sometimes make aquicker growth than is had by the seedlingmethod.

A kapok tree starts bearing when about threeyears of age. The trees bloom at different periods.The fruits do not ripen simultaneously and sever-al pickings are necessary. Where the trees arenot too high, the branches bearing the fruits areshaken from the ground by means of bamboopoles fitted with a hook. If the trees are higher,it is necessary Lo climb them to pick the fruits orshake them off; and care must be taken in doingthis since the branches of the kapok tree arebrittle and break easily. In dressing kapok thefloss is freed by hand-picking the pods. Thefiber is then sorted according to its color and otherqualities, and the kapok is dried in the sun. Whenfully dried the seeds and fiber are separated bypassing the kapok through a small electric clean-ing machine. After all it can be kept indefinitelyif necessary.

RIKISHA

The l\farines have staked out one more c]aim tofame by establishing the fact that the rikisha thatfurnishes a living for thousands of coolies inChina, Japan and Singapore was the invention ofa member of the corps.

Private Jonathan Goble of the Marine detach-ment on the U.S.S. Susquehamn(tr, one of the shipsin Commodore Perry's fleel, whreh visited Japanin 1854, conceived the idea. Goble had been afarmer in his native State of New York, beforehe entered the Marine Corps in 1851 at the age of24, He remained in the service four years. Justrvhen Goble conceived his idea of the rikisha isnot known, but after leaving the Marine Corpsand returning to Japan as a missionary, he sug-gested to the Japanese the idea of making theseenlarged gocarts a means of conveyance. Thefirst rikisha, constructed as a result of his sug-gestion, made its appearance in Japan in 1867,and subsequently its use spread to nearly all thecountries of the F ar East.

30 The Guam Recorcle,r

Ancient Native Bake 0ven and DistillervThe primitive metho,d of distil lation was by the

use of a barrel with both ends removed. Thiswas placed over a kettle containing the fermentedsap of the coconut palm. The joint between thekettle and the barrel was sealed with bananaleaves to prevent the escape of the vapor.Anotherround bottom receptacle was placed on the, top ofthe barrel and ryas kept filled with cool rn'ater bycontinual changing, this apparatus being the con-denser. The hot vallor rising in the barrel came

in contact with the cool bottom of the top coverand it then ran dou'n to the lo.ll'est point, clroppingoff into a secticn of bamboo which was splitlengthu,ise and acted as a trough. This troughwas suspended by cords and r,veighted with stonesto keep it in its proper position. The tr.oughextended through the side of the barrel andpermitted the liquid, ctguardiente, to drop into abottle or other recentacle.

Language 0dditiesCoin: from the instrument that first rnade it.Our word coi,n. is Cerirred flom the Latiln cuneus

meaning "wedge," and then "die for stampingmoney." The French forrn of the rvord is coztz,taken into English first in the old sense of "diefor starnping money," then coming to mean the"impression of the die," or the "piece of metalstamped rvith the die."

The modern sense of nzanzt{o"cttlL"e is the contra-diction of its original sense, for nrurufctcturecomes from the Latin Mantts, "hand," and facere,"to make," that is, "a making by hand." Thedevelopment of modern industr;r has carried theword along with the process which it named.Things are no longer made by hand, or almostnever. Manufacture now suggests machinery andour word handttade must now be used to conl'evthe literal scnse cf ntcr,tzufacture.Manufacture: literally, a making by hand.

Vital Statistics of GuamFebruary 1940

SUMMARY

Marriages 1.4Births 72Deaths 29Present native population 21,727Other than native population 1,449

MARRIAGES

AGANA

Tomas R. Fejerang to Ana C. ManibusanJose S. Nauta to Rosa S. Aguon /Jose S. Chargualaf to Julia P. GamboaFrancisco P. Cruz to Emilia R. CastroGregorio A. Cruz to Rita C. SalasJose G. Manibusan to Teresa C. SalasFelix S. Salas to Rosa R. AcostaJose B. Eustaquio to Natividad D. IriarteJose S. San Nicolas to Dolores C. WusstigEugenio F. Cruz to Maria T. CruzEdward N. Howard to Maria A. PerezJose S. Perez to Ana G. Camachotrxequiel O. Ogo to Mercedes P. Delgado

SUMAY

Gonzalo L. Fernandez to Beatris C. Camacho

BIRTHS

AGANA

Fyancisco and Maria M. Cruz, a son EnriqueAntonio and Soledad T. Iglesias, a son Kenneth

AnthonyVicente and Maria A. Taijeron, a son VicenteJuan and Ana C. Manglofla, a son FedebertoJose and Rosa P. Gogue, a daughter Tomasa Gil-

bertaLorenzo and Filomenia M. Manibusan, a son Jose

AdrianoJoaquin and Joaquina M. Palomo, a daughter

Lourdes CandelariaJusto and Remedios Y. Chargualaf, a son JoseJose and Magdalena I. Salas, a daughter AnaJose and Brigida B. Cruz,, a daughter VirginiaJesus and Caridad C. Sablan, a son Jose

Aprit' 1940 31

Joaquin and Rosario C. Blas, a daughter MarcelaDorothea

Vicente and Soledad S. N. Mendiola, a daughterBrigida

Manuel and Miscericordia S. Cruz, a daughterMaria

Paul and Rosario C. Grey, a daughter AnnieJoaquin and Ana T. Crisostomo, a son JuanGonzalo and Isabel S, N. Eclavea, a son DavidJesus and Maria T. Mendiola, a son AnthonyJesus and Ana T. Tenorio, a son RicardoTomas and Maria L. Mesa, a daughter LourdesAugusto and Engracia M. Gutierrez, a daughter

Jane GraceJose and Vicenta A. Salas, a son JuanJuan and Guadaiupe S. N. Mufla, a son TonnyVicente and Maria Q. Finofla, a son JoaquinJose and Ana l\{. Gumabon, a daughter MariaJose and Josefa A. Torres, a daughter LourdesAntonio and Maria M. San Nicolas, a son Silvino

FelixJose and Vicenta C. Quitugua, a son Jose

AGAT

Jose and Maria R. Aguigui, a daughter DorisEnrique and Bartola Q. Aguigui, a son DoroteoJoaquin and Rosa R. Carbullido, a daughter Fran-

cesJoaquin and Ana Q. Guerrero, a son Vicentetr'rancisco and Asuncion M. Taijito, a son Juan

ASAN

Enrique and Catalina S. Quitugua, (twins) sonEloy and daughter Olimpia BerthaLorenzo and Maria T. Gamboa, a daughter Lu-

cretiaJoaquin and Josefina L. Santos, a son John Sil-

vestreJose and Magdalena Q. Cruz, a son AntonioJuan and Urfia N. Lizama, a son JuanJuan and Maria C. BIas, a son Lot:enzoJesus and Rosalia S. Cruz, a daughter Cecilia

Teresita

DEDEDO

Vicente and l\Iaria Q. Cruz, (twins) daughtersRemedio and Lourdes

32

Luis and Dolores C. San Nicolas, a daughter Ro-salia

Felipe and Maria C. Esteban,, ,a daughter JovitaJesus and Rosa C. Matanane, a son Emeterio

SilvinoJoaquin and Ana L. Rivera, a son Juan

MERIZO

Joaqquin and Rosa C. Barcinas, a daughter Ma-riana

PITI

Joaquin and Isabel B. Finofla, a daughter LourdesJesus and Carmen B. Cruz, a son Antonio

SINAJANA

Antonio and Maria R. Tertaotao, a son TomasSantiago and Trinidad S. M. Guerrero, a daughtqr

Brigida I

Henry and Regina M" Reyes, a daughter DorisCarmen

Jose and Trinidad A. Crisostomo, a son JoseLucas and Felecita G. Tertaotao. a son JoseJose and Maria T. Gumatactao, a son AntonioFrancisco and trmi1ia F. Santos, a son JosephManuel and Rosalia M. Tertaotao, a son Santiago

SUMAY

Enrique and Maria C. Cruz, a danghter AureliaFrancisco arid Rita Q. Babauta, a claughter Leo-

nilaManuel and Maria Leonora S. Calvo, a son JoseMariano and Ana B. Santos, a daughter Bernice

DoloresJoaquin and Tomasa D. Tolentino, a daughter

JudidJose and Isabel D. Chargualaf, a daughter Maria

TALOFOFO

Manuel and 'Ieresa A. Mantanofla, a son Jose

UMATAC

Francisco and Josefina S. Quinata, a son FedroVicente and Carmen A. Quidachay, a son Juan

YONA

Manuel and Bartola P. Balajadia, a son

DEATHS

AGANA

Nieves D. LujanCarmen B. SanchezAna C. Santos

Jose

85 years32 years4 years

Department of Industries NotesThe Department's se-reral maiirtenance crews

i.re r.epairing, weeding a.nd ditching the vai:iousroads throughout the Island. The project of re-surfacing Flarmon Road is progressing. The pro-ject of repairing and re-constructing the Inara-jan-Mer"izo Road is approximately 4 miles com-pleted.

The Department has commenced on the projectof consl,ructing a bridge across the Agafla River,also resumed v"'ork on the new Agafia SpringsWater Shcd road.

Modesta L. UnlalanNicolasa D. CaboIgnacio D. PalomoAna J. MenoEnrique B. RobertoJui ia C. MendiolaTeresita C. ConcepcionJuan S. A. TaguactaVicente F. PangelinanGloria N. CastroAntonio F. Castrotr'rancisco S. San Nicolas&Iaria R. UnpingcoConsolacion C. TorreMaria C. TorreMaria T. SantosAnnie C. GreyEngracia C. QuintanillaJoaquin C. Baza

BARRiGADA

Antonio B. Santos

AGAT

Antonio C. Chargualaf

ASAN

Carlos M. T1'dingco

PITI

Roman:r C. CruzRu{ina C. Mufla

SINAJANA

Vicenta &I. Quitugua

UX{ATAC

Pedro A. Sanchez

The Guam Recorder

27 years74 years77 years

1 year34 years18 years

1 year1 year

51 years10 months

31 years3 months62 )'s2Ys35 yearsStillbornStillbornStiilborn35 years51 years

3 years

3 months

77 5rears

37 years73 years

6 months

1 month

ApruI 1940OD

Spanish Galleons(Continued from page 11)

talgets, and an innumerable sort of greatstones,r,vhich they threw overboard upon our heads andinto our ship so fast and being so many of them,that they put us off the shippe againe, with thelosse of trvo of our men which were slaine, andwith the hurting of 4 or 5. But for all this wenew trimmed our sailes, and fitted every man hisfurniture, and gave them a fresh encounter withour great ordinance and also with our small shot,raking them through and through to the killingan'd maiming of many of their men. Their Cap-taine still like a valiant man with his companystood very stoutely unto his close fights, notyielding as yet: Our General encouraging hismen a fresh with the whole noyse of trumpetsgave them the third encounter with our greatordinance and all our small shot to the great dis-comforting of onr enemies raking them throughin divers places, kill ing and spoiling many of theirmen. They being thus discomforted and spoiled,and their shippe being in hazat:d of sinking byreason of the great shot which were made, wheLe-of some were under lvater, within b or 6 houresfight set out a flagge of truce and parled formercy, desiring our Generall to save their livesand to take their goods, and that they rvouldpresenttry yeeld. Our General of his goodnesspromised them mercy, and wiiled them to striketheir sayles, and to hoyse out their boate and tocome aboard: which newes theye rvere ful glad toheare of, and presently strooke their sailes, hoysedtheir boat out, and one of their cheife marchantscame aboard unto our Generall: and falling dorvner,ipon his knees offered to have kissecl our Generalsfee,te, and craved mercie: orlr General most gra-ciotisly pardoned both him and the rest uponpromise of their true dealing rvith him and hiscompany ccincerning such riches as \,vere in theshippe: and sent for the Captaine and their Pilote,rvho at their comming used the like duetie andreverence as the former did. The Generall of hisgreat mercy & humanitie, promised their livesand good usage. The sayd Captaine and Pilotepresently certified the Generall i,vhat goocls theyhad within boorde, to r,vit, an hundreth and 22thousand pezos of golde; and the rest of the riches

that the ship was laden with, was in silkes, sat-tens, damasks, with muske & divers other mer_chandize, and great store of all maner of victualswith the choyse of many conserves, of all sortesfor to eate, and of sundry sorts of very goodwines. These things being made knorvne to ilreGenerali by the aforesaide Captaine and pilote,they were commanded to stay aboord the Desire,and on the 6 day of November following weewent into an harbour rvhich is called by theSpaniards, Aguada Segura, or Puerto Seguro.

'fiere the whole company of the Spaniards,both of men and women to the number of 1g0persons were set on shore: where they had a fayreriver of fresh water, with great store of freshfish, foule, and wood, and also nlatlv hares andconies upon the maine land. Our Generall :rlsogave thenl great stor.e of victuals, of garuansos,peason, and some lvine. Also they had all thesaiies of their shippe to make them tents on shore,i"ith licence to take such store of plankes as shouldbee suf;icient to mahe thein a barke. Then rve fellto hoysing in of our goods, sharing of the treasure,and alotting to every man his portion. In devi_sion r,vhereof the eighth of this moneilr, many ofthc company fell into a mutinie against ourGerrerall, especialiy those which r,vere in the Con-tent, s'vhich nevertheless were after a sort pacifiedfor the time."

Candish tock rvith him, from the galleon, twoJapanese boys; three yollng boys from Manila;Ni':holas Roderigo, a Portuguese, who ltad tra-vclled r,'ridely in the Orient; and Alonso de Valla_cioiid, pilot of the Santa Ana, who set the courseof ihc Desi,re act:oss the Pacific.

Pretty makes much of Candish's mercy, but the"Gcncrall" actr"raliy hanged a priest, Fray Juande Almendariz.

In his report to his patron, Lord Hundson,Candish briefly mentions capturing the galleonas fol lows:

"The matter of most profit unto me was a greatship of the kings which I tooke at California,rvhich ship came from the Phiiippines, being one

34

of the richest of merchandise that ever passedthese seas."

The Sunta Ana was commanded by Tomas deAlzola.

Althoug'h the Santa Ana had a tonnage of 600as against 130 for the Desire and 60 for theContent, she had practically no guns, whereas theDesi,re mounted eighteen and the Content ten.

Roman, the royal treasurer at Manila, reportedthat the Santa Ana carried 2,300 marks of gold,equivalent to almost 85 pounds avoirdupois. Sheprobakrly carried other gold that was not regis-tered, in other words being carried illegally.Among other treasures were pearls, rich silks,cotton goods, muck and civet. Probably the totalvalue of the ship's cargo was around 2'000'000pesos.

The Spaniards were enraged at the capture.

The Guam Recorder

Bishop Salazar wrote:"The grief that affiicts me is not because this

barbarian infidel has robbed us of the ship SantnAna, and destroyed thereby the property of thecitizens; but because an English youth of abouttwenty-two years, with a wretched little vesselof a hundred tons an'd forty or fifty companions,should dare to come to my own place of residence,defy us and boast of the damage that he hadwrought. He went frorn our midst laughing,without anyone molesting or troubling him."

Shortly after his arrival in the Philippines(Note. The Contenf was lost at sea on the tripacross the Pacific) Candish attempted to burn thegalleon Santiago, which was being built at Are-valo on the south coast of Panay, but was unsuc-

; cessful.

(To be Continuecl)

Former Editor Writes

Editor,Guam Recorder.

Dear Sir :

Of possible interest to the Guam Recorder andits readers was the launching yesterday inCharleston of the Motorship Juli'us H. Barnes.This ship, 300 feet long, and similar in originalpurpose and construction to the U.S.S. R. L.Barnes at Guam, is named in honor of the manwho built all the ships of the Barnes name.

Mr. Julius H. Barnes, originally of Duluth,Minn., one of the leading citizens of the UnitedStates in the transportation and business world,was present in person at the launching. He isnow President of the Erie and St. LawrenceCorporation, the owners of the new ship. Alsopresent was his son Mr. Robert L. Barnes, afterwhom the Guam Oil Depot ship was named whenit was built at Duluth in 1916-1917. The youngerMr. Barnes was seven years old when the R.L.Barnes was launched at Duluth.

As forrner Commanding Officer of the Guamvessel I was invited to the launching ceremonies

and to the luncheon given by the CharlestonChamber of Commerce. At the luncheon I wasasked to talk about the R.L. Barnes, and I gavea brief summary of its present status and duties.Mr. Julius H. Barnes and his little granddaughter,Margaret Barnes Fiertz, who was sponsor of thenew ship,'were much interested in hearing aboutGuam and the R.L. Barnes.

The Julius H. Barnes, powered by FairbanksMorse Diesel engines, is the first vessel to becompleted under the U.S. Maritime Commissionand is probably the first all-welded ship in theworld. It is the largest ship ever built in a com-mercial yard at Charleston, where it was con-structed by the Charleston Shipbuilding and Dry-dock Company. The building ways of this com-pany are close to the Navy mooring buoys wherethe U.S.S. Cole moors when in port standing byfor neutrality patrol.

Hoping that the above information will be ofinterest, I remain, with best regards to my friendsin Guam.

Sincerely yours,(Sgd) Paul F. Dugan

*l$la.{sF{sl+{a}a!a{+tarr}ri€:s3+:$ktA+}:e:a{sla}F :+;$:$l€:€l+{el*l$:sl+}iata+{+{s:$l

'*1{.

f The Ag,ana Theatre'

(NEAR AGANA NAVY YARD)

:l Or.FE,RS YOU,{.: l very late releases in{-%!.

$ Paramount, Z}th., Century-*{.

$ Fox and Republic Pictures

CLEANLINESSFRESHNESS

Is the impression one gets whenvisiting the new

Coca-Cola Bottling Plant

WITH ITS MODERN MACHINERY.so different from the old way

of bottling soft drinks,

One feels perfectly safe inDrinking - - -

J

Butler'sBetter

Beverages

VISIT

THE EMPORIUM,Guam's up-to-date DepartmentStoren When Shopping.

Consider too, that the money youspend with us is in turn spent withinour community-so we both d.o ourshare to better local conditions.

SOLICIT YOUR VALUEDPATRONAGE.

THE EI1PORIUMOWNED BY

Butler's, Incorporated

Cool and ComfortableAUDITORIUM

WITH EXCELLENT SOUND

OPERATED BY

Butler's, Incorporated

IN THE CENTER OF

Guam's Shopping DistrictYOU'LL FINI)

THE MAIN STORE OF

Butler's, IncorporatedHere is another Department Storewith---

A MODERN SODA FOUNTAINA Department for Toilet Articles, Sta-

tionery, Magazines, Tobacco, etc.

A Department for Hardware, Electri-cal Goods, Furniture and Paints.

A Department for Groceries, Chinaand Glassware and other House-hold Articles.

BUY AT

BUTIIER?S, INC.

36

Department of Education Notes

(Continued from Page 18)

7. Grateful are we to our other schoolmates forthey have taught us the true meaning andvalue of cooperation.

8. Grateful are we to the Department of Edu-cation for having provided the necessaryfacilities for our education, which has pro-tected us from the evils of mischance andignorance.

9. Grateful are we, that, though our pleasantschool associations are to be severed tonight,we are carrying away within our heartsmany beautiful and cherished recollectionsof our school.

10. And last, but not the least, we are gratefulto the Great Country under whose protectionwe live and which, for the past forty years,has showered upon us, unasked, all the Pri-

-vileges and opportunities which the peopleof this Island have enjoyed and do enjoy.MAY GOD BI,ESS AII ,{ERICA!

(The audience joined the graduating classes insinging "God Bless America" written by IrvingBerl in) .

Sixth Grade Examinations

Three hundred fifty-nine pupils took the ex-amination conducted by the Department of Edu-cation for pupils in the sixth grade on 2 March1940.

Of this number the following have been foundqualified to enter the Washington Junior HighSchool on 1 Juiy 1940.

LearyDyer', PitiCook, Merizo - . , ---- . ------Gilmer, TalofofoJalaguagMaxwell, SumayMagellan, UmatacMachanaoPotts, InarajanPrice, MaflgilaoOlaiz, Agat . -- .Sanvitores, DededoShapiey, Asan ---------Servell, Yofla ---- --

Total -

The Guam Recorder

FIRE PREVENTIOII{ IN TTIE HOUSE(Courtesy of the Bog Scowts of Am-,eri.ca)

The fire loss in the United Stat"s and outlyingpossessions reaches an enormous figure each yearresulting in a large economic waste. This wasteincreases the cost of living for each personthrough an increase of taxes to maintain lire ap-paratus. 80% of all fires are due to careiessness.

Observance of the suggestions below will eli-minate many of the principal causes of fires.

1. Don't fl l l kerosene oil lamp or heater whilelighted. Fire and explosion will follow dueto the kerosene vapors becoming ignited.

2. Don't look for a gasoline leak with lightedcandle, match or open flame.

3. Don't go into a dark closet or storage spacewith an open flame. Use a flashlight.Don't put hot ashes into a lvooden receptacle.Don't ]eave current switch on in an electricilon.Don't use cleaning fluid around an open flre.Don't have storage closets under stairways-a bad flre in this space would prevent escapefrom floor above.Don't allow rr"rbbish to collect about premises-spontaneous combustion is one of thegreatest causes of fires.Don't keep loose matches around your homewhere children can get them-matchesshould be kept in a metal container well outof reach.Don't hang clothes near a lvood stove to dry.Cooperate with the authorities, help them intheir efforts to prevent carelessness in con-nection with fire-nrevention.

Swanson SchoolThis seerns to be the year for High Schools in

Guam. The Claude A. Swanson School can boastfor the first time of a complete High School course.

At a simple ceremony held at the school on themorning of 29 March 1940 the Governor-Com-mandant, Captain James T. Alexander, U.S.N.,presented Diplomas to the first graduates of theCLAUDE A. SWANSOT{ HIGH SCHOOL. Thesegraduates were: Stanley Dexter Jupp, Jr., andDonald Richard Meinke.

Prior to the presentation of these coveteddiplomas, certificates of promotion were given tothe children of the other srades.

A

5.

ir.

7.

8.

L

10.11.

147126|)8

13e

2758a

2

22L

April 19/to ol

Book EBeviewDAYS OF OUR YEARS

By Pierre Van Passen.

The Days of Our Years is the life story of aprofessional foreign correspondent whose col-legues among the war correspondents give himthe higtrest reputation for accuracy of statementand reliable authenticity. In a larger and moreliteral sense, this book is the biography of ageneration as reflected in the life of one mann'hose profession placed him wherever historyrvas being made; in France, Germany, Morocco,Syria, Palestine, Ethiopa and Spain. IIis ex-periences are intimately described.

Upon leaving for Europe, no restrictions wereplaced on Mr. Van Passen's movements. Itr.Ralph Pulitzer had given him letters of intro-duction to the wor'ld's cor-respondents in Paris,Rome, London, Moscow, asking them to place thefacilities of the bureaus under their direction athis disposal whenever he made an appearance intheir cities. He did not have to send spot newsexcept on occasions when he would be definitelyassigned to cover events as happened later in thecase of Arabic uprising in Palestine in 1929, theBritish elections a year later and other incidents,his real job, he says, \\ras to complement thefactual dispatches sent by the regular correspon-dents with a marginal story of background-milieu,and, above all. the "hurnan interest" element.Also he wrote a daily column "Worlds' Windou"'for the editorial page of the E,"-ewing Wodd, andother American ner,vspapers such as Line AlbanyKn'ickerbocker Press, The Atlanta Constitution,The Bo-oton Globe, The Syracuse Heralcl, TltePittsburgh Sun. "That column was chiefly com-posed of what the European journalists call"Kaffe-Klatsch",. He followed no definite line ofthought, not even liberal. "A scrap of conver-sation rvith a prime. minister or a peasant, theelection of a Gypsi King, a sunset over the ZuiderZee, tlne execution of a bandit on a Guillotine, aservice in Rome's St. Peter's, anecdotes about thegreat, the famous, the renor'vned and the no-torious, such were the usual contents and nowsince he could not afford to be excluded from asingle European country with so general an as-signment, it was to his interest to remain on the

good side of ali the nascent censorships in Europe.Hence niany things he inrzestigated or saw re-mained unreported. For example, in 1928, Mr.Van Passen accompanied Henry Barbusse on atrip of investigation in the Balkans, where he hadgone to study the methods of the reactionarygovernments of Rumania and Bulgaria in sup-pressing popuiar movements. Twelve thousandpeasants and workers had been slain in Bulgariaalone that year. "I could not send out a word.The police dogged our every footstep. Afterspending a day wandering around in the subter-ranean caves of the Doftana Prison of Bucharest,rvatching people, ioaded down with chains, manyof them reduced to hysterically idiotic skeletons,there was nothing that could be sent out but ayarn about the daring fashions worn by thervomen in the night clubs on the Calea Victoriei.That was the stuff expected of me-nothing more.Notdelving into social conditions, no dishing up ofunappetizing details about terrorism." "Themanaging editor, Mr. John Tennant, warned memore than once that I had not been sent over ona crusading rriission. He added, moreover, thatthere was no confirmation from any reliablesollrce on that horrible business in Bulgaria. Thelocal agency correspondents had not sent a word.So, I too, remained silent."

Mr. Van Passen's earnest questioning mindfinds plenty of unanswerable questions, but atleast he has rvritten some anslvers that leave hisreaders with a more understanding outlook upona r,vorld situation which to some of us, seems lack-ing in all logic. In fact he tells us, "History isnot a chain of events follor,ving each other inlogical sequence. At every turn one flnds mys-terious and inexplicable incidents, not the resultof hazard or personal initiative, and which seemto be injected by the creative force of spiritualcurrents." There are a great many unpredict-ables and unforeseenables. Precisely becausethere is violence and oppression and hatred, thereis a divine order and not chaos. Effect followscause with inexorable accuracy: It is a comfort-ing thought that one who has known the worst oflife may still hope for, and believe in the best,and that "Out of Man's dissatisfaction and long-ing, new worlds are born."-S ally Rouan Pease.

38 The Guam Recorder

Extracts from Catalogue of Earthquakes Felt in Guam 1825-1938

(Continuecl from page 26)

bling of the earth still continues and does not seemto decrease any."-(From Day's Record Sheet). At10:40 p.m., two l ight shocks. -CA.

1902. October 1. 4:10 a.m., two shocks; first heavy, secondvery light; lasting in all about four seconds. -CA.

1902. October 5. Frequent slight earthquake shocks havebeen felt each day since the strong shock of September22nd. They are of very short duration but are verydefinite shocks, usually followed, and sometimes pre-ceded, by a noticeable pulsation or trembling lastingfor some 30 or 60 seconds. At night when lying inbed the shocks and trembling are felt with greaterdefinition. The observers detailed for the meteorolo-gical station are quartered to a small stone house builtlow on the ground. Persons living in wooden housesof two stories feel many shocks which the observersfail to notice.

1902. October 10. 1:10 a.m. One light shock lastingabout 3 seconds. 10:00 p.m., two shocks, the;ftrstlight, the second heavy, lasting in all about 4 seconds."There was another quite noticeabie earthqquake,sudden and short, at 9:10 a.m. Duing a great partof the night of the 10th the earth was in a continuouslight tremor."-Captain Schroeder, -cA.

1902. October 12. 12:32 a.m. Two light shocks, lastingabout one second, I:46 a.m., one light shock, lastingabout 1 second, "The tremors mentioned in the ac-companying report of October 5th were noticed onMonday or Tuesday of this week, but were plainlyfelt during the night of the Sth, gth, 10th.-Lt. Cox.

-CA.1902. December 24. 7:13 a.m. Two very heavy shocks,

lasting in all about one minute and thirty seconds,Note: My observations of the shock at 7:15 a.m.,

gives duration of shock 30 seconds, vibrations slor,vbut of greater force than any of the minor shockssince September 22nd.-Lt. Cox. -CA.

1903. February 1. 7:02 p.m. A very sharp report orrumble to the eastward followed by two rather heavyshocks, lasting in all about seventeen seconds. -CA.

1903. February 10. 12:39 p.m, Two shocks, the firstlight and the second heavy lasting in all about oneminute, flfteen seconds. Damaged the walls of thegovernor's mansion. The first part was a rapk).vibration, N and S, and the latter part a comparativelyslow oscillation E. to W. -CA.

1903. February 11. 9:10 p.m. One heavy shock, lastingabout eight seconds. Between 11:00 and 12:00 p.m.,another shock.

1903. March 27. !:24 a,m, Three shocks, the first andsecond light, the third very heavy, lasting in all aboutthirty seconds. I:29 a,m. Another shock, ratherheavy, lasting about ten seconds. -CA.

1909. December 10. At 9:00 a.m. of December 10th therewere to shocks iasting twenty seconds, of which thesecond was the more severe. Direction of the shocks

SE-NW. In Agafia practically all the east and westwalls of native mortar houses are badly cracked. hrnearly evely house articles on shelves of these wallswere thrown down, while those of the north and southsides remained in place. The Women's Hospital, builtof loca,l mortar, was so badly injured as to necessitatetearing down; its tile roof slid off to the west, and theworst cracks were in the east wall. Many ceilingboards were shaken down in various houses. Severalfisures opened in the ground, from one of which, nearthe river, came a large flow of water. The river bedsank in several places. The passing wave could beseen distinctly as it crossed the public square; and thestation ship in the harbor reported having felt theshock, No damage of impori:ance was done in theother towns on the island. The buildings of the CableStation at Sumay, constructed of reenforced concretewere not injured; but a few objects were thrown down,and the steel rn'ater torver could be seen swayir-rg. Noshocks were noticed before or after the earthquakenor was anything extraordinary observed in the sea.The disturbance was not felt at Yap, Western Caro-lines. (Report from Commercial Pacific Cable Co.)

-MOB.1912, October 26. 6:32 p.m. Sumay, intensity VI, du-

ration 15 seconds. It began with weak vibrations,W-E, for a fern' seconds; followed by strong undu-iations NW-SE, which siopped clocks and shook housesand furniture, without causing any damage. -MOB.

'L917. May 10. 1:33 a.m. Sumay. Strong earthquakewhich stopped clocks but caused no damage. Percep-tibie in Agaiia. -MOR.

1917. June 19. 2:00 a.m. Sumay. Trvo sharp earth-quakes which seemed to be quite violent but did notstop wall clocks or spill solution from battery jarsas other apparently lighter quakes have done on pre-vious occasions. Agafia, perceptible; one pen of theseismograph was dislocated. -MOR.

LgI7. November 24. 8:52 p.m. Agafi,a, strong earth-quake of long duration with motion of a rolling cha-racter; no sudden shocks. Sumay, strong earthquake,lasting about two seconds, which stopped clocks andspil led batterl ' solut ions. -MOR.

1932. June 12. 2;59 a.m, Strong earlhquake of intensityVI. Center in the Nero Deep, SE of Guam.

1935. January 15, 1:09 a.m. Agaiia, an abrupt earth-quake felt by many persons. Its direction was E toW; its intensity, IV; and its duration, four seconds.

-CA. Sounds accomnanied the shock. -MOR.1935. February 19. 6:07 a.m. Agafi.a, a severe earth-

quake which seemed to come from the SE. No dam--MOR.

1936. October 30. 4:39 a.m. Agafla, light earthquake"-MOR.

The foilowing telegram was received at the ManilaObservatory from the Governor of Guam:

April 1910

"October 30. Guam. Earthquake nf unusualintensity force VIII, duration approximately oneminute, occurred at 4:39 a.m. this date followedby eight shocks in next ten minutes. Direction ofthe shocks NE-SW. Casualties none. Slight

? damage to buildings, remarkable in view intensityof original shock, Minor shocks continuing."

Mr. W. Rowlel', the seismic observer, reported that' during the first strong shock, which was of an

abrupt and twisting character, the church bell wasreporbed to have rung, the church tower clockstcpped, plasl,er fe1l, walls rvere cracked, tile fell,glasses and dishes were broken, and electric fans'tvere thrown from shelves. The seismograph wasbadly thrown out of adjustment. During the dayof October 30, Mr. Rolrdey counted 25 shocks ofvarious intensities from II to V: on October 31. 12shocks, intei'rsities II to IV.

On November 13 another telegram was received fromGuam which rea,d:

. "Guam has experienced since 4:40 thirty Octo-ber three hundred seven earthquake shocks. Fiftyone shocks in last twenty four hours. Heaviestshock, since major initial shock, occurred 6:28trvelve November intensity VI Rossi-Forel scalecluyation about thirl,y seconds. Slight additionaldamage to buildings. No injuries to persons.,,

The seismograms of Guam from October B0 to No-lember 27 show a total of 474 shocks, including a1Ifroin the first and strongest shock down to thesmallest, many of which were imperceptible tohuman senses. This is a minimum number for theseismograph v'as out of service about fifteen hours.

The center of the earthquake was in the Nero Deep.-MOR.

1936, December 14. 7:30 a.m. Agafra, strong earth-quake of intensity VII. Another shock of intensityII I at 12:19 p.ui. -MOR.

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39

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40

SUMMER SESSION SUilTMER SBSSION

GI]AM INSTITIITBAccredited by the Department of Education

U. S. Naval Government of Guam

APRIL B JUNE 7The growing popularity of the Summer Session

of the Guam Institute is due to the great help

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AGANA SOA P FACTORYJosef M. AdaOWNER AND MANAGER

THREE REASONS WHY _YOU SHOULD USE OUR SOAP!1 - Made of the Finest Material2 - Made from Natural Products of Guam3 - Made Under Expert Supervision

Mr. Ada has had SO y"r*t of *tual experience in soapmanufacturing and has studied methods in Germany -

JOSEF ADA & SONS SOAP WORKSFirst native soap manufacturers in Guam

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The Guam Record,er

Loeal Sports

(Contirw,ed, from page p0)

years. These boys may term themselves thewrecking crew of the 1940 season, for in two latergames they have won by trouncing the championTigers 3 to 0, and upsetting the dope bucket bywinning over the highly-touted Public Worksaggregation 6 to 2.

Every Sunday afbernoon these teams are enter-taining hundreds of people at Bradley Park. Soft-ball is gaining momemtum in this little island.From the real American pastime (hardball)Guam has shifted to what many have termed the"sissy game" (softball), because it requires verylittle financial backing, and more teams can beorganized.

Results of Games-Nati,onal League

Sunday, 3 MarchAnigua Tigers 1 Public Works _- 0Carabaos --- - 3 Togae Rangers ---- 0

Sunday, 10 MarchCarabaos - ----- - -- - 5 Anigua Tigers _--_." . 2TogaeRangers - -6 Publ icWorks_. _ z

Friday, 15 MarchTogae Rangers -- - 3 Anigua Tigers ---- _ 0

Sunday,Public Works ---- ----- 3Anigua Tigers -- - .-- 4

Standing of the Teams

17 MarchCarabaosTogae Rangers --------

GamesPlayed Won Lost

27CarabaosRangers

3

'Iigers443

221Public Works

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Apri,L 1940

The Plants of Guam

(Conti,nued from page 23)

Indigof era suffruti.cosa Miller (also called Indtl-gof et'a anil), anilis, the commercial indigo dyeplant. An erect, weedy shrub, found in wasteplaces, such as the savanna hills, back of Piti.Its branches reach a height of 3 to 6 feet, withshort appressed hair:s. Leaves 2 ot: 3 inches long,i,vith 5 Lo 17 elliptical-oblong leaflets, l/2 to Iinch long. Flowers small, red, or greenish-purple,in sessil axillary racemes about an inch long.Pods numerous, crowded, curved, like tiny sau-sages, 5/8 inch long, each with 6 to 8 seeds. Aweed, common in open piaces; apparently an earlyintroduction from tropical America. Since thedevelopment of aniline dyes, commercial growingof indigo has largely been given up.

Indigof era ti,nctoria Linnaeus, also called anilis.An erect, slightiy pubescent shrub, 3 to 5 feethigh. Leaves 2 to 4 inches long, with 9 to 13obovate-oblong leaflets, up to an inch.long.Flowers smali, reddish or reddish-yellow, in lax,sessile racemes, I to 2 inches long. Pods nearlystraight, slightly swollen at intervals, nearly aninch long, with 8 to 12 seeds. A weed in wasteplaces; widely distributed in the tropics of bothhemispheres. A dye plant of early introduction,but, like the preceding, not used by the Chamorros.

Tep'h.rosia hookeriana Wight and .Arnott. Anerect, perennial herb, with ascending, pubescentbranches. Leaves large, the rac.his about 3 incheslong, with 13 to 19 oblonb-linear, obtuse leaflets,3/4 to l-l/2 inches long, giabrous above, whiteand shining beneath with appressed hairs. Flow-ers rather large, in long, lax, erect, ter.minalracemes; petals 3/8 to 1/2 inch long. Pod 1-L/2to 2 inches long by l/6 inch wide, densely clothedrvith silky, brownish hair; containing 6 to 10seeds. It is said to be cultivated in Guam, but itis so much like the common, widespread Tephrosi,apurplLrea, used throughout the Paciflc to poisonfish ,that the identification may not be correct.Found in India, Ceylon, and Malaysia.

Tephrosi,a m,ariana De Candolle, goat's-rue. Anundershrub, with erect, long stems, with shaggyhairs. Leaves with about 9 sessile, oblong, smoothleaflets, 2 inches long by 1/3 to 1/2 inch wide,smooth above, silvery-silky below; stipules lance-

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42

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shapecl, eiongate, hairy. Flowers close togetherin the axils, alrnost sessile. Pods narrow, upright,covered with velvety hair, 10 to 12 seeds. Aspecies described from the Marianas Islands, con-cerning rvhich but little is knorn n.

Sesouni,ct grcLncl'ifl,ora (Linneaus) Persoon,known in Guam as katurs,i or coturo"y, its Philip-pine name. Its thick bark gives it the name cork-rvood in Austraiia. A glabrous tree, 15 Lo 40feet high. Leaves 8 to 12 inches long, with 20 to40 pairs of oblong-obtuse, pale-green leaflets, aninch or more long, with short, abrupt tips.Flowers few, large, iike white slveet-peas, 3 incheslong, in short, racemes. Pods long, slender, some-what curved, up to 2 feet long by l/4 to l/2 inc}'in diameter', pendent, swollen where the 30 to 50seeds lie. Chal'coal from its light, soft wood maybe made into gunpowder; the leaves, flowers andpods are edible. Introduced and used as a salador" pot-herb, and as fodder for cattle. Distributcclfrom India to Polynesia, in many places culti-vated.

Aeschynomene indicct Linnaeus, Indian jointvech. An erect, branching, annual herb, up to4 feet high, with bare green branches. Leaf-rachis L to 2 inches long, odd-pinnate, with many(31 to 41) small, l inear or oblong leaflets, eachwith one vein; long lance-shaped stipule belovvpoint of attachn'lent. One to four small, vellowor pr-rrplish flo"*rers in short axillary racemes.Pod slender, linear-oblong, compressed, about aninch long, made up of 4 to B joints, one seed ineach. Found in rvet, marshy places; a native ofthe Oid World tropics. Small figures ar:e carvedfrom the pith.

Arachis hyytoglctea Linnaeus, the peanut, inGuam called kakah,ucrte, ltakag,uate, cacuhuate, orcttcagluate. A low, annual, spreading, hairy,branching herb; stems 1 to 2 feet long. Leaves3 to 5 inches iong. with 2 or 3 pairs of oblong toobovzrte leaflets, 7 to 2 inches long. Flor,vers ferv,small. yellorv, 5 to 7 together in the axiis of leaves.Pod (the familiar peanut) oblong, leatherlr, r,vith1 to 3 seeds, ripeniug underground due to thelengthening of the pedicels. A native of tropicalAmerica, wiciely cultivated; common in Guam,but not commercially grown, although it grorvsu.ell in sandy soil and might become a successfulminol industry.

(I'o be conti,nued)

f

2.

.).

4.5.6.

7.

April 1910

Answers to Questions on page 27

Inventor of the telephone.Amsterdam, Holland-nine feet above sealevel.On land-the first battle of the Marne, Sept.,1914, on ihe sea, Jutland in 1\{ay 1916.Potatoes.Minnesota with 15 per cent of the total.France, a tax on rent payers, another on thelandlord who collects.Fronr 1-1/2 to 5 pints per day varying v,,ithexercise and high temperature.The pensioning of college professors.The cat no-the dog eighteen times.The sense of touch, due to its soft, smoothsurface.The plural is "axes."An alarm bell or warning signal.The stomach of a 40-pouncl dog has threetimes the capacity of a 150-pound man.About one third, another third use chopsticks.At the age of four years.P. T. Barnum, the famous showman.Stamp collecting, a blot or blur makes astamp more valuable to a collector.About $18.00 per year:, except in stateswhich have and added state tax.In 1930 census, 11,000,000 out of 3?,000,000adult r'vomen earned part or all of theirlivelihood.The exercising of governmental powel ir"-respective of legal authority.

SEISMOGRAPH RECORDS

Earthquake shocks rec,rrded by the seisrlo-graph at tlie Government House, Guam.

14.

15.16.17.

18.

19.

20.

11 February20 Febrnary21 February4 March5 March

9:04:405:29:34

nrn *

a,m.*E-WhI-S

E-WN-S

E-W

2:11 :09 p.m.*

7:42:06 a.m. 'F7:09:02 p.m.

'3 Perceptible in GuamNote: Total shocks recorded since 31 Decem-

ber 1938: 712, of which 41 were perceptible inGuam.

43

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44 The Guam Recorcler

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Regular Meetings

First Saturday of each month7:30 p. m.

Lot. No. 1181, Dr Hesler Street.

0oneral BaPtist MisslonHours of Meetings

SUNDAY:-Preaching in English 9:30 a' m'Sunday Slhool 10:30 a' m'Seniof Christian Endeavor 7:00 p. m.Preaching in English, Evangelistie 8:00 p. m.Midweek Prayer meeting Thursday 8:00 p. m.We cordially invite you to come to any of these

services. _

Divine ServicesEvery Sunday

Meet every Monday at theElks Club

8:00 P. M.

METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS(Fort Apugan)

February 1940

Prevailing rvind direction ENEAverage hourly velocity 8.8 knotsVlaximum wind movement, 24 hours 382 knotsMinimnm wind. movement, 24 hours 112 knotsMaximum hourly velocity NI{tr 19 knotsMaximum instantaneous gust ENE 33 l<notsMaximum temperature BT.0oIfinirrrum temperature 70.50l'{ean temperature 78"74"I*4ean relative humidity 75.5%Highest barometer 30.04 inchesLorvest barorneter 29.73 inchesMean pressure 29.902 inchesMarimum rainfall, 24 hours 0.29 inchesTotal rainfall this month 1.?0 inchesTotal rainfall this year 10.28 inchesNumber of days of rainfall 28 daysNumber of days clear' 1 dayNumber of days partly cloudy 4 daysNumber of da;rs cloudy 24 daysAverage number of sunshine per day 7.89 hoursNumber of thunderstorms 0

Average rainfall for the month was 0.88 inchesbelolv normal. Due to the movement of highpressure to the south of the normal track thepressure remained above norma-l for the monl,hgiving increased trade winds, rvhich n'ere alsoabove normal. Temperature remained belownormal for the month, also due to the abnormaltrack of the high pressure areas.

MEETINGS

Branch No. 70Island of Guam

General

Board ofDirectors

1st Sundz,yevery month

2nd & lasbSaturdays

7:30 a.m.9:30 a.m.

11:00 a.m.

9:30 a.m.7:00 p.m.

Dorn Hall, Agana

The Holy CommunionChildren's Church & Sunday SchooiMorning Prayer & Sermon

Marine Barracks, Sumay

Sunday SchoolEvening Prayer & Sermon

Sunday Services At The CathedralAgafla, Guam

5:30 Low Mass, Chamorro sermon.7:00 Children's Mass, at times English ser-

mon.8:00 High Mass, Chamorro sermon.

10:00 Low Mass with English sermon.CONFESSIOI\TS:

Every morning from 4:30 to 6:00 a.m.Saturdays from 2:30 to 7:00 p.m.

CATECHISM FOR AMERICAN CATHOLIC CHILDREN:Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3:00 to 3:45 p.m.

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ATKINS, KROLL & C0MPANYTMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS

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Inspect Our Stock

Choice Groceries

Nesco Oil Stoves - Perfection Ovens Simmons Beds and Bedding

Coal Stoves Bicycles

Petroleum Products Auto Parts

Buildins Material Hardware

Plumbing Supplies Paints, Oils and Varnishes

Assorted Dry Goods

AGENTS FOR:

Liverpool and London and Globe General Motors Export Company

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PBDRO MARTINEZ

GUAM DISTRIBUTOR.FOR

Chrysler, Dodge Brothers

Dodge Brothers, and Cargo

Plymouth and Commercial Cars

De Soto Automobiles. €rnd Trucks.

LJ. S. Tires

Building Materials

MEMBER GUAM CHAMBER OF COMMERCE