the greening of itmedia.govtech.net/.../ohio/10452greeningofitpickens.pdfthe greening of it what...

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Dave Pickens, Principal EngineerChief Architect - USState/Local Gov't, Education and Healthcare (GEH)Sun Microsystems, Inc.

The Greening of ITThe Greening of IT

What Exactly Does Green Computing What Exactly Does Green Computing Look Like?Look Like?

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SHIFT—Our Universe. Our World. Your Move. 2

Purpose

• This is a level set / introductory presentation

• Define what comprises the Green Computing space

• Provide the fundamentals and up-to-date information

• Think beyond simply Power and Cooling


Presenter

Dave Pickens

Principal Engineer currently serving as the Chief Architect for US Government, Education and Healthcare group at Sun Microsystems. Prior to joining Sun, he worked for Deloitte & Touche, City of Indianapolis Air Pollution Control, and Heritage Environmental Corp.


“Internet use accounts for approximately 8% of US electric power demand”

Peter Huber and Mark MillsDigital Power Report


No it doesn't. “Total power used represents about 1.2% of the total US electricity consumption.”

Jonathan G. Koomey, PhDStaff Scientist

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory


“Data center power demands in the US double approximately every 5 years.”

US Dept. of EnergyReport on IT Infrastructure Energy Patterns 2006


Agenda

• What is Green Computing?

• System as a Whole

• Recycling and Regulations

• Data Center and Other Areas

• Score Cards

• Leading by Example

• Top 3 or 4 Things


What is Green Computing?

• It's more than just power and cooling

• Yes, it's about processor efficiency

• It's about the systems themselves as a whole

• It's about the power and where you get it from

• It's about the cooling methods and technologies

• Goes way beyond this though...


Things we don't normally think of...

• Packaging and shipping

• Recycling old equipment

• Data Center design itself

• Data Center location

• The people in the data center (or not)

• Other things we don't normally think of...


System as a Whole

• Power Supply Efficiency

• Processor Efficiency

• Cooling Methods and Technology

• Sum of Components and Redundancy


Single-core Processor CMT Processor(Size Not to Scale)

C1 C2 C3 C4

C5 C6 C7 C8

Multicore ProcessorsGenerally Reduce Power Consumption

107C102C96C91C85C80C74C69C63C58C

Large heat gradient leadsto lower reliability

Every 10°C saved yields adoubling of reliability


System Energy Reduction

• CPU performance/Watt• Low CPU utilization

> Memory> Disk

• Servers aren't efficient at lower utilizations> True for other PDUs, chillers, etc as well

• Server over configuration> Memory> Redundancy

• Inefficient code/application/OS


Recycling Old Equipment

• Legislatively Required:> Maine e-Waste> California Electronic Waste Recycling Act> WEEE Returns

• Asset Recovery Programs

• Longer Delay Results in Higher Disposal Costs


RHoS

• European Union (EU) Directive

• Adopted January 2003

• Effective July 2006

• Reduction of Hazardous Substances> Lead> Mercury> Cadmium> Hexavalent Chromium> Other


REACH: What Lies Beyond RHoS

• EU-led initiative (again)

• Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals

• Not targeted at Electronics specifically

• Addresses use of Chemicals overall

• Similar initiatives on the horizon for Asia and North America> eg. California has commissioned a study already


Load: 30% design capacity CRACS: N+1 redundancy

Where does the power go?


Power, Cooling and Location

• Location, Location, Location> Right? Not Exactly> Major location metric is energy cost not cooling> Other factor is type of energy (eg. hydro)

• AC vs. DC> Lawrence Berkeley DC Power Project> Results

• Ok, so what about cooling then specifically?


Cooling

• Component / System / Rack> Hot / Cold Aisle Layout

• Data Center and Chillers> Correct Placement of Chillers

• Building Systems vs. Data Center = 15% average

• Poor Floor Tile Placement = 20% to 30% loss

• Cabling / Plenum Issues


Fire Suppression

• Halon is a no-no> existing systems grandfathered in> customer should be budgeting for replacement> why not as part of a DC re-commissioning project?

• FM-200 and Argonite are state-of-the-art

• Ultra-pure fine water mist is an option

• Gas content sensors and zoning


Networking

• Recent Cisco study

• Savings definitely possible

• Problem is mainly old / outdated networking gear

• Good opportunity to redesign and clean-up network

• Ultimately saved 60+% on power / cooling


Score Cards / Metrics

• SWaP

• Carbon Footprint (Tons CO2)

• Emission Credits

• EcoDC Unit of Efficiency

• OpenEco.org

• OpEx / CapEx


SWaP – The New Metric for EfficiencySpace, Watts, and Performance (SWaP)

Performance_____________

Space x Watts

“SWaP is an objective three-dimensional metric that provides a more comprehensive and realistic way to assess today’s servers.”

www.sun.com/swap

“Benchmarking the energy efficiency of IT systems can help customers make better purchasing decisions....need for greater performance and the rising cost of energy and real estate.”


Leading by Example• Sun just finished building three new energy

efficient datacenters in the United States, India, and the United Kingdom, and more are planned.

• These facilities have broken design conventions to maximize space, minimize operating costs, and lessen our impact on the environment.

• In just 90 days, Sun decommissioned more than 5000 server, switch and storage devices combined, which reduced its energy consumption by 61% and cut carbon emissions by 3,227 metric tons.


Leading by Example – US Data Center

• 202,000 sq-ft reduced to 80,000 sq-ft• 2,200 servers -> 1,000 servers• 738 storage devices -> 225 storage devices• 2,200 KW power requirement -> 560 KW• Compute capacity increased 273%• Storage capacity increased 373%• $7.2M capital costs• $10M costs avoided


Strategy for Greening

1) Assess2) Optimize3) Virtualize


Top 3 or 4 Things

• Develop Strategy and Policy

• Assess – Get Initial Measurements

• Data Center – Cooling and Power Rightsizing> Redo Floor Tiles (plug leaks)> Implement Hot/Cold Aisle Layout

• Refresh> Replace and Recycle Old Gear> Power and Network Cabling

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Dave [email protected]

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