The Great One’sJeopardy

Learning Objectives• Describe solids, liquids, & gases in terms of their

shape, volume, kinetic energy of their particles, & distance between their particles.

• Explain what happens to the particles of a substance during the changes between a solid & liquid, liquid & gas, solid & gas, and vice-versa. Also, apply the terms for these changes to real world examples.

• Explain how the pressure, temperature, and volume of a gas in a sealed container are related & describe what happens on a particle-level for changes in gases.

• Create logical hypothesis, design proper experiments (while controlling certain variables), analyze Gas Law and other data, make claims and back them up with experimental evidence.

RULES1. There will be round robin play and all

questions including the daily doubles.

2. The teams who answers correctly win the point value of the question.

3. If a team answers a daily double incorrectly, then that team will lose the number of points they bid, and any other team can “ring in” by raising their hand and answer at that point.

4. There are two daily doubles available. Let’splay

100

200

300

400

500

Final Jeopardy

100 100 100

200200200200

300300300

400400400

500500500

States of Matter

Changes of State

Gases Data Analysis & Exp’ts

Leftovers

States of Matter for 100

The state of matter with a definite shape and volume is a _________.

Solid

States of Matter for 200

The state of matter that has no definite shape nor definite volume is a _______, while a ________ has a definite volume but no definite shape.

Gas

Liquid

States of Matter for 300

Describe solids, liquids, in gases in terms of the kinetic energy of their particles.

Solid- lowest KE, Liquids- Medium KE, Gases- Most KE

States of Matter for 400

Describe solids, liquids, and gases in terms of the distance between their particles.

From solids to gases, the particles move further apart.

States of Matter for 500

Liquids: Give an example of a substance with a high viscosity. Also, explain how a student can place a sewing needle on top of a sample of water.

Honey, Glass, etc.- resist flow well

Water’s skin-like surface tension allows more dense objects to seemingly float on its surface.

Changes of State for 100

The phase change from a solid to a liquid is called ________, while the opposite change is called _________.

Melting

Freezing

Changes of State for 200

Soup is gently heating on the stove. What phase change is occurring? What phase change is occurring when the side of your soda gets wet or looks foggy?

Vaporization (soup)

Condensation (wet soda can)

Changes of State for 300

If you are examining a temperature vs. time graph for the heating of a solid until it becomes a hot liquid, then what will happen to the temperature during the melting process. What will you see on the graph?

Constant temperature (it stays the same)- straight horizontal line of the graph

Changes of StateDAILY DOUBLE!!!

What happens to most substances when heated but not to the point where a phase change would occur? Include what happens to the particles of the substance in your answer.

The substance would expand because the particles start to move more and spread further apart.

Changes of State for 500

Suppose you are cooling a gas down until it turns into a liquid and then into a solid. Explain what will be happening to the particles as this cooling process takes place.

The particles will start to come together more and more, and slow down until they are in close contact vibrating back and forth.

Gases for 100

As gas particles move faster and faster in a sealed, rigid container the _________ inside the container will increase.

Pressure

Gases for 200

As you go higher in altitude, there are fewer air particles. So, what happens to temperature and pressure as you go higher in altitude? Explain your answer.

Pressure decreases b/c there are fewer particles, so temperature is lower as well.

Gases for 300

What will happen to your bike tire if it’s left out in the heat? Explain your answer (in terms of what the gas particles will do).

It will inflate because as temp. increases, volume does too. This is due to the particles spreading further apart.

GasesDAILY DOUBLE!!!

What happens to most substances when they freeze (include what the particles are doing in your answer)? Why is water unique when it freezes? Hint- Think about what happens to a soda can when the water inside it freezes.

Most substances contract due to the particles coming closer together. Water is unique in that it expands when it freezes because the particles arrange themselves slightly further apart in the

shape of a hexagon.

Gases for 500As deep sea divers dive downward, gases dissolve in their bloodstream. When they come back up to the surface, they have to do it slowly or risk the severe pains caused by the “bends”. Explain why divers have to do this.

As they ascend, the pressure on the gases in their bodies decreases, so the volume of the gases

increase b/c the gases have more room to expand due to reduced pressure. If they ascend slowly, their body has time to get rid of the gases safely.

Data Analysis & Exp’ts for 100

A substance melts at 0oC and boils at 100oC. What would be a temperature where this substance would be a solid?

-10oC (any temp. below 0oC)

Data Analysis & Exp’ts for 200

Based upon the temperature data, what would be a reasonable estimate for the volume of a sealed gas at constant pressure at 100oC?

115-123 mL

Temp. (oC) Volume (mL)

0 20

25 45

50 68

75 95

100 ?

Data Analysis & Exp’ts for 300

Construct a proper Temperature vs. Volume graph based upon the 1st four temperatures. What is the relationship between temperature and volume?

Line should go up and to the right b/c as temp. goes up,

so does volume

Temp. (oC) Volume (mL)

0 20

25 45

50 68

75 95

100 ?

Data Analysis & Exp’ts for 400

Suppose you are letting water evaporate slowly over time on a warm day. Based upon the data, how much liquid water would be left after 200 minutes?

400 mL

Time (min.) Volume of Water (mL)

0 800

25 750

50 700

75 650

100 600

Data Analysis & Exp’ts for 500Suppose you are designing an experiment to test the effect of salt on water’s boiling point. Write a logical hypothesis for this experiment. What are the Ind. and Dep. variables. Provide your control and 2 conditions you will be keeping constant in your answer.

Hypothesis: More salt = greater boiling point or lower boiling point (hypothesis doesn’t have to be true)

Ind. Var. = Amount of salt; Dep. Var. = Water’s boiling point

Control = Boiling pt. of plain water

Constants: Amount of water, same size container, same temp. probe or thermometer, same air temp.

Leftovers for 100

Kinetic energy is the energy of __________.

Movement or motion

Leftovers for 200

The change directly from a solid to a gas is called ___________. After washing the dishes and rinsing them with hot water, you decide not to dry them, so they’re still wet. However, after 20 minutes, most of the dishes are completely dry. What phase change occurred?

SublimationEvaporation

Gas Laws

What is kept constant for all of the Gas Laws we discussed?

Number of gas particles