the gre words
TRANSCRIPT
8/9/2019 The GRE Words
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Word Definitionabacus frame with balls for calculating
abate to lessen/to subside
abdication giving up control/authority
abdomen stomach and bowels
aberration straying away from what is normal
abeyance suspended action
abhor to hate/to detest
abide be faithful to/endure
abjure promise or swear to give up
abraded rubbed off/worn away by friction
abrasion rubbing/scraping/wearing off
abrogate repeal or annul by authority
abscond to go away suddenly (to avoid arrest)
abstruse difficult to comprehend/obscure
abundant plentiful
abut border on
abysmal bottomless/extreme
acarpous effete/no longer fertile/worn out
accentuate give more force or attention to
acclaimed welcomed with shouts and approval
accolade praise/approval
accretion the growing of separate things into one
acquiesce in agree (without protest)
acquisition smth acquired/acquiring
adamant kind of stone/inflexible
adhere remain faithful/stick fast to
adhesion adhering/support
adjacent lying near/next
admonitory containing warning
adorn add beauty/decorate
adulteration making unpure/poorer in quality
affinity close connection/relationship
aggravate make worse/irritate
agile active/quick-moving
ail trouble/be ill
alacrity eager and cheerful readiness
alienate estrange
allegiance duty/support/loyalty
alleviate make (pain) easier to bear
alloy to debase by mixing with something inferior
aloof reserved/indifferent
amalgamate mix/combine/unite societiesambidexterous able to use the left hand or the right equally well
ambiguous doubtful/uncertain
ambivalent having both of two contrary meanings
ameliorate improve/make better
amendment improving
amicable friendly
amortize end (a debt) by setting aside money
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amplify make large or fuller/increase the strength
animosity strong dislike
annul put an end to
anticlimax sudden fall
antidote medicine used against a poison or a disease
antithetical direct oppposing
apartheid brutal racial discriminationapathetic indifference
apathy a lack of caring/an indifference
aplomb self-confidence
apostate one who abandons long-held religious or political convictions
apotheosis deification/glorification to godliness
appease make quiet or calm
apprehensive grasping/understanding/fear/unhappy feeling about future
apprise give notice to/inform
approbation approval
appropriate take for one's own use/acquire/set aside
apropos appropriate to the situation/apt
apt well-suited/quick-wittedarabesque a complex/ornate design
arabesque whimcical
arbitrate decide by arbitration
arboreal of connected with trees
ardently with full of ardour
ardour enthusiasm
arduous steep/difficult ascent/laborious
argot jargon/slang
arrant in the highest degree
arrogance proud/superior manner of behaviour
articulate speak distinctly/connect by joints
ascend go or come upascendancy a controlling influence/a domination
ascent the act of ascending
ascertain get to know
ascetic practicing self-denial/austere/stark
ascribe consider to be the origin of or belonging to
asperity roughness/harshness/ill temper/irritability
aspersion slander
assail with attack violently
asset valuable quality/smth that has money value
assiduous diligent/hard-working/sedulous
assuage make pain/desire less
assumption smth supposed but not provedasterisk the mark (omitted letters)
astringent substance that shrinks
astute clever/quick at seeing to get an advantage
atonement repayment/death of !esus
attenuate make thin/weaken/enervate
audacious daring/foolishly bold/impudent
augury omen/sign
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august majestic/venerable
auspice protection or support/patronage
auspicious favorable/successful/prosperous
austere severely moral and strict/simple and plain
auxillary helping/supporting
aver affirm/assert/prove/justify
aversion strong dislikeavid eager/greedy
avow admit/declare openly
baleful harmful/ominous/causing evil
balk obstacle/purposely to get on the way of
balloon swell out like balloon
balm sweet-smelling oil/smth giving peace of mind/consolation
banal uninteresting
band flat/thin strip of material/group/range of frequences
bane cause of injury/poison/source of harm
baneful causing harm or ruin/pernicious/destructive
barrage artificial obstacle built across a river
barren not good enough/unable to have young ones/without valuebask in enjoy warmth and light
bazaar market
be irreconcilable cannot be brought into harmony
beatify to bless/make happy or ascribe a virtue to
bedizen to adorn/especially in a cheap/showy manner
belie contradict/give a false impression
belittle cause to seem unimportant
bellicose belligerent/pugnacious/warlike
belligerent (person or nation) waging war
belligerently waging war
bend cause smth to be out of a straight line
benefactor person who has given helpbenevolence wish or activity in doing good
benevolent generous/charitable
benign kind and gentle/mild (climate)
benign kindly/favorable/not malignant
bequest arrangement to give smth at death
berate scold sharply
bereft rop or dispossess of smth (material)
bewilder pu""le/confuse
biased prejudice
bigot stubborn/narrow-minded person
bilge bulge/the protuberance of a cask
blandishment flattery/coaxingblandness polite manner/comforting/uninteresting
blatant noisy and rough
blithe cheerful/casual/carefree
blithe gay and joyous
blueprint plan/scheme/photographic print
blunt plain/not troubling to be polite
boggle be alarmed/hesitate/ama"ed
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bogus sham/counterfeit/not genuine
boisterous loud/noisy/rough/lacking restraint
bolster give greatly needed support
boorish crude/offensive/rude
braid strands of hair woven together/smth edging sloth or garments
brash hasty/rush/cheeky/saucy
brass yellow metal (mixing copper and "inc)brazen made of brass
breach opening/broken place/breaking
brisk active/lively
brisket breast of an animal
brittle easily broken
broach bring up/announce/begin to talk about
brook to tolerate/endure
buoyant able to float/light-hearted
burgeon grow forth/send out buds
burnish to polish/rub to a shine
bust run out of money
cabal a scheme or plot/a group of plotterscadge to beg/to get by begging
calipers metal supports attached to the legs/measuring instrument
calumniate to slander/present false accusal
calumny slander/aspersion
candid frank/straight-forward
canvass discuss thotoughly/sort of touting
capricious fickle/incalculable
capricious fickle/whimsical/given to change/unpredictable
castigate to chastise/correct by punishing
castigation severe punishment
casual happening by chance/careless
catalyst substance that causes speeding upcaustic biting/sarcastic
censure expression of blame or disapproval/a rebuke
census official counting of the population
centurion leader of a unit of #$$ soldiers
chary cautious/wary
chastened corrected/punished
chastisement punishment
chauvinist a blindly devoted patriot
chisel steel tool for shaping materials
churl bad-tempered person
cite give as an example
clamor shout/complain with a lot of noisecleanse make pure/thoroughly clean
cling to resist separation
clot half-solid lump formed from liquid
cloture closing/device (in %arliament) to end a debate by voting
coalescing coming together and uniting into one substance
coax get smb to do smth by kindness
coddle treat with care and tenderness
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codicil a supplement to the body of a will
coerce compel/to force to make obedient
coeval of the same period/coexisting
cogent strong/convincing
cogitate think deeply/mediate
cognition knowing/awareness (emotionless)
cognizant being fully aware of coherent sticking together
colander bowl-shaped vessel with many holes used to drain off water
collaborate work in partnership
collusion secret agreement for a deceitful purpose
combustion process of burning
commemorate keep the memory of
commend praise
commendable worthy of praise
commingle mingle together
commuter person who travels regularly
complacently with self-satisfaction
complaisance tending to comply/obliging/willingness to pleasecomply act in accordance
compound mix or combine
comprise be composed of
compunction feeling of regret for one's action
conceal hide/keep secret
conceit over-high opinion of/too much pride
conciliatory reconciling/soothing
conciliatory reconciling/soothing/comforting/mollifying
concise brief and compact
concord agreement or harmony
concur agree in opinion/happen together
condense increase in density/strength/make laconiccondone forgive
congeal make or become stiff and solid
conjoin to join together
connoisseur a person with good judgement (in art)
connotation suggestion in addition to
consent give agreement or permission
consequential pompous/self important
consolation consoling or being consoled
console give comfort or sympathy to
conspicuous easily seen/remarkable
consternation surprise and fear/dismay
constrict make tight or smaller consume get to the end of
contemn to scorn or despise
contentious argumentative/pugnacious/combative/quarrelsome
contiguous touching/neighboring/near
contrite filled with deep sorrow for wrongdoing
contumacious insubordinate/rebellious
conundrum a riddle/dilemma/enigma
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eloquence fluent speaking/skillful use of language
emaciate make thin and weak
embellish make beautiful
embezzle use in a wrong way for one's own benefit
emergence emerging
emote stir up/excite
empirical relying on experimentencapsulate enclose in capsule
encomium warm or glowing praise/eulogy
encumbrance burden/things that get on the way of
endearing making dear or liked
endemic epidemic
endemic prevailing in a specific area
endorse write one's name on the back of
enduring lasting
enervate weaken/deprive of strength/attenuate
engender cause/produce/give rise to
engrave impress deeply
engrossing taken up all the time or attentionengulf swallow up
enigma smth that is pu""ling
enmity hatred/being an enemy
enormity excessive wickedness
enormousness great si"e
entangle put into difficulties
entreat ask earnestly
enzyme catalyst
epicure food lover/a connoisseur of food
epicurean devoted to pleasure (sensuous enjoyment)
epistle letter
epithet adjectiveepitome brief summary/representative example/a typical model
equable steady/regular
equanimity calmness of temperament
equilibrium state of being balanced
equipoise equal distribution of weight/equilibrium
equivocal having a double or doubtful meaning/suspicious
equivocate try to deceive by equivocal language
eradicate get rid of/pull up by the roots
erasure erasing/removing all traces
erode wear away/eat into
erratic irregular in behaviour or opinion
erudite learned/scholarlyescalate increase/develop
esoteric abstruse/intended only for a small circle of
esoteric known only to the chosen few
espouse marry/give one's support to
eulogy formal praise/panegyric
euphoria elation/state of pleasant excitement
euthanasia easy and painless death
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evaluating finding out the value
evaporate change into vapour/disappear/die
evince to show clearly/to indicate
evoke call up/bring out
evolve unfold/develop naturally and gradually
excoriate to flay/stip off the skin/to denounce sharply
excoriation severe criticismexculpate free from blame
exculpate to clear from a charge of guilt
exemplary serving as a model/outstanding
exert but forth/bring into use
exertion instance of exerting
exhaustive complete/thorough
exigency emergency/an urgent situation
exonerate free/clear
exoneration set smb clear/free (from blame)
exorbitant much too high or great
expatiate to roam/wander freely
expedient likely to be useful for a purposeexpedient suitable/practical/politic
expiation ending/expiring
exploit brilliant achievement/develop/use selfishly
expostulate argue earnestly to dissuade/correct or protest
expurgate to remove obscenity/purify/censor
exscind to cut out/cut away
exsert thrust out/push forth
extant still in existence
extensive far-reaching
extenuate reduce the strength of/lessen seriousness/partially excuse
extinct no longer active
extirpate to destroy/exterminate/cut out/exscindextol praise highly
extort obtain by threats/violence
extralegal outside the law
extricable that can be freed
extrovert cheerful person
exuberance state of growing vigorously/being full of life
facetious humorous/funny/jocular
facile easily done
facilitate make easy (a process of smth)
fallacious based on error
fallacy false or mistaken belief
fatuous without sense/foolish self-satisfactionfaucet device for controlling the outflow of a liquid
fawn young deer/try to win smb's favour by servile behaviour
feckless futile/irresponsible/inefficient
feckless lacking purpose or vitality/ineffective/careless
fecund fertile
feint pretend
felicitous apt/suitably expressed/well chosen/apropos
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felon person guilty of murder
ferment substance/become excited
ferocity savage cruelty
ferret discover by searching/search
fertile producing much/full of ideas
fertilize make fertile or productive
fervid intense/"ealousfervid showing earnest feeling
fervor warmth of feelings/earnestness
fervor a glowing ardor
fetter to shackle/put in chains
feud bitter quarrel over a long period of time
fidelity loyalty/accuracy
fidget move restlessly/make nervous
figurehead carved image on the prow of a ship
finesse delicate way of dealing with a situation
finical too fussy about food
finicky finical
finite limited/having boundsfission splitting or division (of cells)
fixate stare at
flagrant conspicuously wicked
flamboyant brightly colored/florid
flammable having tendency to burst into flames
flaunting show off complacently
flaw crack/lessen value
flax pale yellow (hair)/a plant
fledged able to fly/trained/experienced
fleet number of ships/quick-moving
fleeting passing quaickly
flexibility easily bent without brakingflinch drow/move back/wince
florid very much ornamented/naturally red (of face)
floridness ruddiness/heavily decorated/ornateness
flout reject/mock/to go against (as in going against tradition or conventions)
fluster make nervous or confused
foible defect of character (a person is wrongly proud)
foil prevent from carrying out/contrast
foment put smth warm (to lessen the pain)
foppish like a man who pays too much attention to his clothes
forbear refrain from/be patient/ancestor
forbearance patience/willingness to wait
ford shallow place in a river (to cross)forestall prevent by taking action in advance/preempt
forfeit suffer the loss of smth
forge workshop for the shaping of metal/to shape metal/lead
forgery counterfeit
forswear renounce/disallow/repudiate
fortify strengthen
fortuitous happening by chance
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foster nurture/care for
fragile easily injured/broken or destroyed
fragrant sweet-smelling
franchise special right given by authority
frantic wildly excited with joy/pain/anxiety
frenetic frantic/fen"ied
fret worry/irritation/wear awayfriction the rubbing of one thing against another/difference of opinion
fringe edge/ornamental border/part of hair over the forehead
frivolity a lack of seriousness
froward intractable/not willing to yield or comply/stubborn
frugal careful/economical
fulminate berate/vituperate/to thunder out/to explode
fulmination bitter protest
fulsome disgusting/offensive due to excessiveness
gainsay to deny/declare false/to oppose
gambol quick/playful jumping
garment article of clothing
garner to gather and save/to store upgarrulity talkativeness
garrulous too talkative
gaucherie socially awkward/tactless bahaviour
germane relevant/pertinent to
gist the point/general sense
glean gather facts in small quantities
glib ready and smooth but not sincere
gloat over look at with selfish delight
glut supply to much/fill to excess
gnaw waste away/bite steadily
goad smth urging a person to action
gossamer soft/light/delicate materialgouge tool for cutting grooves in wood
grace favor
grave serious/requiring consideration
gregarious living in societies/liking the company
grievance cause for complaint or protest
grievous causing grief or pain/serious/dire/grave
grimace twisted expression of a face
grind crush/polish
grooves long channel in the surface/habital way of living
grovel crawl/humble oneself
guile deceit/cunning
guileless straight-forward/candidgull cheat/decieve
gullible easily gulled
gust outburst of feeling/sudden rain/wind/fire
hack cut roughly/hired horse
hallow to make holy/consecrate
hamper basket with a lid/prevent free movement or activity
hamper to obstruct
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hapless unlucky/unfortunate
harangue a long/passionate speech
harbinger smth or smb that foretells the coming of
harrow to distress/create stress or torment
harsh rough/cruel/stern
haughty arrogant/conceited
haven harbour/safety placeheed pay attention/notice
heinous odious (of crime)
heresy belief contrary to what is generally acceted
hermetic sealed by fusion
heterogeneous made up of different kinds
hew make by hard work/cut (by striking)
hirsute hairy/shaggy
hoax mischievous trick played on smb for a joke
hoi polloi the masses/the rabble
hollow not soled/with a hole
holster leather case for a pistol
homogeneous of the same kindhone stone used for sharpening tools
hoodwink trick/mislead
hospitable liking to give hospitality
hubris arrogant pride
hurdle light frame/fence to be jumped over
husk worthless outside part of anything
hypocrisy falsely making oneself appear to be good
iconoclast person who attacks popular beliefs
iconoclastic attacking cherished beliefs
idiosyncracy personal mannerism
idolatrous worshipping idols
idolatry excessive admiration of idyll a carefree episode or experience
ignoble dishonorable/common/undignified
ignominious shameful/dishonorable/undignified/disgraceful
illicit unlawful/forbidden
illusory deceptive/an illusion
imbroglio complicated and embarrassing situation
immaculate pure/faultless
immerse absorb/put under the surface of
imminent likely to come or happen soon
immutable that cannot be changed
impair worsen/diminish in value
impaired damaged/weakenedimpassive unmoved/feeling no sign of passion
impecunious having little or no money
impede hinder/get in the way of
impediment smth that hinders (stammer)
impending imminent/being about to happen/expected
imperative urgent/essential
imperious commanding/haughty/arrogant
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imperiousness haughty/arrogant/commandin
impermeable that cannot be permeated
imperturbable calm/not capable of being excited
impervious not allowing to pass through (of materials)
imperviousness arrogance/commanding presence/overbearingness
impetuous having sudden energy/impulsive/thrusting ahead
impiety lack of reverence or dutifulnessimplacable incapable of being placated/unpleasable
implausibility incredibility
implicate show that smb has a share
implication that which is hinted at or suggested
implicit implied though not plainly expressed
implosion collapse/bursting inward
imply make a suggestion
importune beg urgently/solicit (of a prostitute)
impostor someone who assumes a false identity
imprecation an invocation of evil/a curse
impromptu without preparation
impudence being rash/indisreetimpudent rash/indiscreet
impugned challenged/to be doubted
impute to attribute to a cause or source/ascribe
inadvertent not paying proper attention
inane silly/senseless
inasmuch since/because
inaugurate to start
incence make angry
incessant often repeated/continual
inchoate not yet fully formed/rudimentary/elementary
incise engrave/make a cut in
incite stir up/rouseinclined directing the mind in a certain direction
incoherently not consistently/unclearly
incongruous out of place/not in harmony or agreement
incorrigibility cannot be cured or corrected
incredulous skeptical/unwilling to believe
inculcate fix firmly by repetition
incumbents official duties
incursion a raid/a sudden attack
indefatigability not easily exhaustible/tirelessness
indelible that cannot be rubbed out
indelicate immodest/lacking in refinement
indigence povertyindigenous native
indistinct not easily heard/seen/clearly marked
indolence la"iness
indomitable not easily discouraged or subdued
indulge gratify/give way to/satisfy/allow oneself
indulgent inclined to indulge
indulgent humoring/yielding/lenient
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jeopardize put in danger
jibe gibe/make fun of
jocular meant as a joke
judicious sound in judgment/wise
knit draw together/unite firmly
labyrinthine to entangle the state of affairs
lachrymose causing tears/tearfullackluster (of eyes) dull
laconic brief/to the point/terse
lag go too slow
lament show/feel great sorrow
lassitude weariness/tiredness
latent present but not yet active/developed or visible
laudatory expressing or giving praise
lavish giving or producing freely/liberally or generously
leakage the process of leaking
legacy smth handed down drom ancestors
libel statement that damages reputation
liberality free giving/gererositylibertine immoral person
lien legal claim until a debt on it is repaid
limn paint/portray
limp lacking strength/walking unevenly
lithe bending/twisting
loll rest/to sit or stand in a la"y way/hang (dog's tongue)
loquacious talkative/garrulous
lubricant substance that makes work easier
lubricate put oil to make work easily
lubricious lewd/wanton/greasy/slippery
lucubrate write in scholarly fashion
luculent easily understood/lucid/clearlugubrious mournful/excessively sad
lull become quiet or less active
luminary star/light-giving body
lustrous being bright/polished
macabre gruesome/suggesting death
machination plot/scheme (evil)
magnanimous generous
maladroit tactless/clumpsy
malapropism misuse of a word (for one that resembles it)
malevolence wishing to do evil
malign injurious/speak ill of smb/tell lie
malinger to fake illness or injury/in order to shirk a dutymalleable yielding/easily shaped/moldable/adapting
martial brave/of associated with war
massacre cruel killing of a large number of people
matriculation be admitted/enter a university as a student
mature come to full development/to a state ready for use
maudlin sentimental in a silly or tearful way
maverick rebel/nonconformist
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mellifluous sweetly flowing
mendacious *+,
mendacity dishonesty
mendicant a beggar
mercurial quick/changeable in character/fleeting
meretricious attractive on the surface but of little value
mesmerize hypnoti"emeticulous giving great attention to details
mettle quality of endurance or courage
mettlesome courageous/high-spirited
middling fairly good but not very good
minatory menacing/threatening
mince pronounce or speak affectedly/euphemi"e/speak too carefully
misanthrope person who hates mankind
mischievous harmful/causing mischief
miser person who loves wealth and spends little
misogynist one who hates women/females
missile smth that is thrown or shot
mitigate make less severe or painfulmoderation quality of being limited/not extreme
mollify make calmer or quiter
molt moult/lose hair/feathers before new growing
morbid iseased/unhealthy (about ideas)
morose ill-tempered/unsocial
mortuary place where dead bodies are taken to be kept until burial
multifarious varied/motley/greatly diversified
mundane worldly as opposed to spiritual/commonplace/everyday
myriad very great number
nadir lowest/weakest point
nascent coming into existance/emerging
nebulous cloud-like/ha"y/vague/indistinctnegligent taking too little care
neophyte person who has been converted to a belief
nexus a connection/tie or link
nibble show some inclination to accept (an offer)
nice precise/sensitive to subtleness
noisome offensive/disgusting (smell)
nonchalant not having interest
nonplussed greatly surprised
nostrum a quack remedy/an untested cure
notion nominal/token
noxious harmful
nullify make void and nullnumb without ability to feel or move
numbness without ability to move a finger
obdurate hardened and unrepenting/stubborn/inflexible
obfuscate to darken/make obscure/muddle
oblivious unaware/having no memory
obloquy abusively detractive language/sharp criticism/vituperation
obsequious too eager to obey or serve
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obsolete no longer used
obstreperous noisy/loud
obtain to be established/accepted or customary
obtrusive projecting/prominent/undesirably noticeable
obviate to make unnecessary/get rid of
occluded blocked up
occult hidden/concealed/beyond comprehensionodious repulsive/hateful
odium contempt/dislike/aversion
odor smell/favor/reputation
officious too eager or ready to help/offer advice
onerous needing effort/burdensome
opprobrious showing scorn or reproach
opulence a wealth
ossify to turn to bone/to settle rigidly into an idea
ostensible seeming/appearing as such/professed
ostentation display to obtain admiration or envy
ostentatious fond of showing ostentation
ostracism shut out from society/refuse to meet/talkostrich fast-running bird unable to fly
outset start
overhaul examine thoroughly to learn about the condition
overweening presumptuously arrogant/overbearing/immoderate/being a jerk
overwhelm weigh down/submerge
pacifist one opposed to force/an antimilitarist
paean song of praise or triumph
palate roof of the mouth/sense of taste
palatial magnificent
palliate lessen the severity of
palliate to make something appear less serious/to alleviate
palpability can be felt/touched/understoodpalpitate tremble/beat rapidly and irregularly
panegyric formal praise/eulogy
paradigm a model/example or pattern
parenthesis sentense within another one/smth separated
pariah an outcast/a rejected and despised person
parsimonious too economical/miserly
partisan one-sided/committed to a party/biased or prejudiced
patron regular customer/person who gives support
paucity scarcity/a lacking of
peccadillo small sin/small weakness in one's character
pedantic bookish/showing off learning
pedestrian commonplace/trite/unremarkablepellucid transparent/easy to understand
penchant strong inclination/a liking
penitent feeling or showing regret
penury extreme poverty
peregrination traveling about/wandering
peremptory urgent/imperative/unchallengeable/ending debate
perennial lasting for a long time (a year)
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perfidious treacheres/faithless
perfidy treachery/breaking of faith
perfunctory done as a duty withour care
perilous dangerous
peripatetic wandering
perish be destroyed/decay
perjury wilful fasle statement/unlawful actpermeate spread into every part of
pernicious harmful/injurious
perpetrate be guilty/commit (a crime)
persevere keep on steadily/continue
personable pleasing in appearance/attractive
perspicacity quick judging and understanding
pertain belong as a part/have reference
pest destructive thing or a person who is nuisance
petrified taken away power (to think/feel/act)
petrify to make hard/rocklike
petrous like a rock/hard/stony
petulant unreasonably impatientphilistine a smug ignorant person/one who lacks knowledge
phlegmatic calm
picaresque involving clever rogues or adventurers
pied of mixed colors
pinch be too tight/take between the thumb and finger
pious dutifull to parents/devoted to religion
piquant agreeably pungent/stimulating
pique hirt the pride or self-respect/stir (curiosity)
pitfall covered hole as a trap/unsuspected danger
pith essential part/force/soft liquid substance
pivotal of great importance (others depend on it)
placate soothe/pacify/calmplacate to pacify/to conciliate
plaintive mournful/melancholy/sorrowful
plaque flat metal on a wall as a memorial
platitude a trite or banal statement/unoriginality
plea request
plead address a court of law as an advocate
plethora glut
pliant pliable/easile bent/shaped or twisted
plod continue doing smth without resting
pluck pull the feathers off/pick (flowers)
plumb get to the root of
plummet fallplunge move quickly/suddenly and with force
poignant deeply moving/keen
poise be ready/be balanced/self-possession
polemical controversial/argued
ponderous heavy/bulky/dull
portent omen/mervellous/threatening
poseur someone taking on airs to impress others/a phony
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posture state/attitude/adopt a vain
poverty state of being poor
pragmatic practical/favoring utility
precarious uncertain/risky/dangerous
precept moral instruction
precepts rules establishing standards of conduct
precipitate throw smth violently down from a heightpreclude prevent/make impossible
precursory preliminary/anticipating
predilection special liking/mental preference
predominate have more power than others
preempt obtain by preemption or in advance
premature doing or happening smth before the right time
preponderance greatness in number/strength/weight
presage warning sign
preternatural not normal or usual
prevalent common
prevalent widespread/generally accepted
prevaricate to equivocate/to stray from the truthprim neat/formal
pristine primitive/unspoiled/pure/as in earlier times/unadulterated
probity uprightness/incorruptibility/principle
proclivity inclination
procrastination keeping on putting off
prodigal wasteful/reckless with money
prodigious enormous/wonderful
profane wordly/having contempt for od
profligate wasteful/prodigal/licentious/extravagant
profundity depth
profusion a lavish expenditure/an overabundant condition
proliferate grow/reproduce by rapid multificationprolix tiring because too long
prone prostrate/inclined to (undesirable things)
propagation increasing the number/spreading/extending
propinquity nearness in time or place/affinity of nature
propitiate do smth to take away the anger of
propitiatory conciliatory/appeasing/mitigating
propitious auspicious/presenting favorable circumstances
prosaic everyday/mundane/commonplace/trite/pedestrian
proscribe denounce as dangerous
protracted prolonged
provident frugal/looking to the future
provisional of the present time onlyprovoke make angry/vax
prudence careful forethought
prudish easily shocked/excessively modest
prune dried plum/silly person
pry get smth/inquire too curiosly
pugnacious fond of/in the habit of fighting
punch strike with the fist/tool for cutting holes/alc. drink
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punctilious precise/paying attention to trivialities
pundit pedant/authority on a subject
pungency sharpness/stinging quality
purvey provide/supply
pusillanimous cowardly/craven
pyre large pile of wood for burning
quack person dishonestly claiming to smthquaff drink deeply
quail lose courage/turn frightened
qualm feeling of doubt/temporary feeling of sickness in the stomach
quell suppress/subdue
quibble try to avoid by sophistication
quiescent at rest/dormant/torpid
quirk habit or action peculiar to smb or smth
quixotic generous/unselfish
quotidian banal/everyday
rabble mob/crowd/the lower classes of populace
raconter person who tells anecdotes
radiant bright/shiningraffish low/vulgar/base/tawdry
rail atfind fault/utter reproaches
ramify to be divided or subdivided/to branch out
rancorous feeling bitterness/spitefulness
rant use extravagant language
rapacious greedy (esp for money)
rarefy to make thin/to make less dense/to purify or refine
reactionary opposing progress
rebuff snub
recalcitrant disobedient
recant take back as being false/give up
recast cast or fashoin anewrecidivism relapse into antisocial or criminal behavior
reciprocity granting of privileges in return for similiar
recitals a number of/performance of music
recluse person who lives alone and avoids people
recompense make payment to/reward/punish
reconcile settle a quarrel/restore peace
recondite little known/abstruse
recourse smth turned to for help
recreancy cowardice/a cowardly giving up
recuperate become strong after illness/loss/exhaustion
redeem get back by payment/compensate
redemptive serving to redeemredoubtable formidable/causing fear
redundant superfluous/excessively wordy/repetitious
refine make or become pure/cultural
refractory stubborn/unmanageable/untractable
refulgent shining/brilliant
refute to disprove
regale to delight or entertain/to feast
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regicide crime of killing a king
reiterate say or do again several times
rejuvenation becoming young in nature or appearence
relapse fall back again
relegate to banish/to consign to inferior position
relinquish give up
reluctant unwilling or disinclinedremonstrate to protest/object
render deliver/provide/represent
renovate restore smth to better condition
renowned celebrated/famous
rent regular payment for the use of smth/division or split
repast meal
repine at be discontented with
reproach scold/upbraid
reprobate person hardened in sin/one devoid of decency
repudiate disown/refuse to accept or pay
repulsive causing a feeling of disgust
requite repay/give in returnresigned unresisting/submissive
resilience quality of quickly recovering the proginal shape
resolve determine
resort to frequently visit
restive refusing to move/reluctant to be controlled
resurrect bring back into use
resuscitation coming back to consciousness
retard check/hinder
reticent reserved/untalkative/silent/taciturn
revere have deep respect for
rift split/crack/dissension
rivet fix/take up/secure/matel pinroll call calling of names
rope thick strong cord made by twisting
rotund rich and deep/plump and round
rubric heading/title/or category
ruffian violent/cruel man
sagacious having sound judgment/perceptive/wise/like a sage
sagacious keen/shrewd/having insight
salacious obscene
salient prominent/protruding/conspicuous/highly relevant
salubrious healthful
salutary remedial/wholesome/causing improvement
sanctimony self-righteousness/hypocritical/with false pietysanction approval (by authority)/penalty
sanguine cheerful/confident/optimistic
sanity health of mind/soundness of judgement
sap weaken
sate satiate
satiate satisfy fully
saturnine gloomy/dark/sullen/morose
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savant person of great learning
savor taste/flavour smth
sawdust tiny bits of wood
scabbard sheath for the blade
scent smell (pleasant)
scribble write hastily
scurvy mean/contemptibleseal piece of wax/lead
secular material (not spiritual)/living outside monasteries
sedulous persevering
seminal like a seed/constituting a source/originative
sententious short and pithy/full of maxims/proverbs
sequence succession/connected line of
serrated having a toothed edge
serration having a toothed edge
servile like a slave/lacking independence
servile slavish/cringing
severance severing
shaft arrow or spear/smth long and narrowshallow little depth/not earnest
shard piece of broken earthenware
sheath cover for the blade of a weapon or a tool
shove push
shrewd astute/showing sound judgement
shrill sparp/piercing
shun keep away from/avoid
shunt send from one track to another/lay aside/evade discussion
sidestep step to one side
sinuous winding/undulating/serpentine
skiff small boat
skit short piece of humorous writingslack sluggish/dull/not tight
slake to assuage/to satisfy/allay
slate king of blue-grey stone/propose/critisi"e
sluggard la"y/slow-moving person
soar rise/fly high
sober self-controlled
sobriety quality or condition of being sober
sodden soaked/saturated
soggy heavy with water
solemnity a seriousness/a gravity
solvent of the power of forming a solution
somatic of the bodysoot black powder in smoke
sophisticated complex/subtle/refined
sophistry fallacious reasoning/faulty logic
sophomoric self-assured though immature/affected/bombastic/overblown
sordid wretched/comfortless/contemptible
spear weapon with a metal point on a long shaft
specious illogical/of questionable truth or merit
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splenetic bad-tempered/irritable
splice join (two ends)
sponge porous rubber for washing/live at once expense
spurious false/counterfeit
spurn have nothing to do/reject or refuse
squalid foul/filthy
squander spend wastefullystanch to stop the flow of a fluid
steeply rising or falling sharply
stentorian extremely loud and powerful
stickler person who insists on importance of smth
stigma mark of shame or disgrace
stigmatize describe smb scornfully
sting smth sharp
stingy spending/using unwillingly
stint to be thrifty/to set limits
stipulate state or put forward as a necessary condition
stoic a person who is indifferent to pleasure or pain
stolid showing no emotion/impassivestrands smth twisted together into a rope/line of development
stray wander/lose one's way
streak long/thin/move very fast
striated striped/grooved or banded
stride walk with long steps
strut a supporting bar
stygian hence/dark/gloomy
stymie to hinder/obstruct or block
subdue overcome/bring under control
sublime extreme/astounding
submerge put under water/liquid/sink out of sight
suborn indice by bribery or smth to commit perjurysubpoena written order requiring a person to appear in a low court
subsume include under a rule
succor assistance/relief in time of distress
suffice be enough
sullied to be stained or discredited
summarily briefly/without delay
sumptuous magnificent
sundry various/miscellaneous/separate
supercilious disdainful/characteri"ed by haughty scorn
superfluous more then is needed or wanted
superimpose put smth on the top
supersede take the place of supine lying on the back/slow to act/passive
suppliant asking humbly/beseeching
supplicate make a humble petition to
suppress prevent from being known/put an end to
surfeit satiate/feed to fulness or to excess
susceptibility sensitiveness
sustain keep from falling/maintain/suffer/give a decision
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sycophant person who flatter to the rich and powerful
sycophant a servile flatterer
synopsis summary or outline
taciturn untalkative/silent
talon claw of a bird of prey
tamp tap or drive down by repeated light blows
tamper interfere withtangential suddenly changable
tarnished lost brightness
taunt contemptuous reproach/hurtful remark
taut tightly stretched
tautology a repetition/a redundancy
tawdry cheap/gaudy/showy/tacky
tease annoy/pu""ling question
tedious tiresome
teetotal oppose to alcohol
temerity boldness/brashness/intrepidness
temperance abstinence from alcohol/self-control/moderation
temperate showing self-controltenacity firmness/persistency/adhesiveness/tending to hang on
tenuous unsubstantial/flimsy/weak
terse brief and to the point
terse concise/abrupt/pithy
thrift care/economy/thriving/prosperous
timid shy/easily frightened
timorous fearful/timid/afraid
tolerable fairly good
tonic smth giving strength or energy
topple be unsteady and overturn
torment severe pain or suffering
torpid sleeping/sluggish/lethargic/dormanttortuous full of twists and bends
tout person who worries others to buy smth/to use his service
touting act as tout
toy think not seriously/handle absent-mindedly
tractable easily controlled or guided
transgress break/go beyond (a limit)
transient temporary/fleeting
transitory brief
trenchant forceful/effective/vigorous/extremely perceptive/incisive
trend tendency/general direction
trepidation alarm/excited state of mind
trepidation a fear/a trembling agitationtrifling unimportant
trite not new
truculence aggressiveness/ferocity
trudge walk heavily
turbid muddy/having the sediment stirred up
turbulence being uncontrolled/violent
turbulence a state of violent agitation
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word definitionabate to lessen& to subside
abet to help& to aid
abhor to hate& to detest
abject miserable& wretched
abruptly suddenly& unexpectedly
absorbed interested& engrossed
abundant plentiful
accessory something added
accommodationsa room and meals
accomplice one who aids and abets a criminal
accost to meet someone and to speak first
accumulate to pile up& to collect
accurate correct
acrid sharp& bitter
adjacent next to& adjoining
admonish to warn about& to advise against doing something
adore to love greatly
adroit clever& skillful
affluent rich
aggravate to make worse
agile lively
agitate to disturb
aglow shining brightly
ailment a mild illness
ajar slightly open
akin similar& related
albino a person or animal without normal pigmentation characteri"ednoun
alert perceptive& quick
alleviate to lessen& to relieve
alluring tempting& enticingaloof reserved& indifferent
amateur not professional& untrained
ambiguous doubtful& uncertain
amicable friendly
amnesia a lapse of memory
ample adequate& enough
amplify to make larger more powerful
anguish great sorrow& pain
ankle the joint between the foot and the leg
annual yearly
anomalous unusual
antique a very old and valuable objectapplaud to clap
appraisal an estimate of the value
appropriate suitable
arduous demanding great effort& strenuous
arouse to spur& to incite
arraign to charge& to accuse
arrogance haughtiness
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aspire to strive toward& to seek eagerly
assert to affirm an opinion
asset a useful or valuable quality& finances
assuage to ease& to lessen
astound to surprise greatly& to astonish
astray away from the correct path or direction
audacious bold& daringaudible able to be heard
augment to increase
autonomous free& independent
avarice greed
aversion intense dislike
baffle to confuse
bald without hair
ban to declare that something must not be done& to prohibit
bar a court of law
barricade a barrier& an obstruction
beckon to signal with one's hand
behavior one's actionsbellow to shout loudly
beneficiary a person who receives money or property from an insurance p
beverage a kind of drink
bewilder to confuse
bicker to quarrel
bitter a sharp acrid taste
blame responsibility
blandishment coaxing& persuasion by flattery
bleak cold and bare& cheerless
blend a mixture
blithe carefree and gay& lighthearted
blizzard a severe snowstormblunder an error& a mistake
blush to flush
boulder a large rock
boundary border& limit
boundless without limits
brandish to shake or wave a weapon menacingly
brawl a noisy fight& a quarrel
bribe money or gift used to influence someone to do something that
brim the upper edge of anything hollow
brink the edge of a high place
brittle easily broken
broom an object used to sweep the floor brutal savage& cruel
bully to be cruel to weaker people or animals
bump a light blow& a jolt
cabal a group of people united in a scheme to promote their views b
callous insensitive& unfeeling
captive a person who is not permitted to leave
carve to slice meat
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cast to throw out or down
castigate to reprove
cataclysm a great flood& a terrible event
chaos without organi"ation& confusion
chasm a deep crack in the earth
chaste pure
chilly coolchore a task& a job
chum an intimate friend
cider juice from apples
clamorous noisy
clap to applaud
clemency kindness mercy
cluttered confused& disorgani"ed& littered
coerce to compel by pressure or threat
cogent convincing
colleague a fellow worker& a co-worker usually in a profession
colloquy a formal conversation& a conference
commence to begincommend to praise
compassion symphony& pity
complex complicated
complexion the natural color and appearance of the skin
compliment an expression of praise or admiration
compulsory required
conceal to hide
concoct to devise& to invent
concord an agreement
concurrence an agreement usually by equals
condone to overlook& to excuse
confide to entrust a secretconfident sure of oneself
confine to limit
confiscate to sei"e by authority
congeal to become hard& to solidify
congenial pleasing in nature of character& agreeable
congenital existing at birth but not hereditary
congestion crowding
conjecture a supposition& a guess
conscientious careful& honest
constantly all the time
contaminated polluted
contract to reduceconventional usual& ordinary
conversion a change
core a center
coward one who lacks courage& a person who is not brave
crave to desire greatly
credulous inclined to believe too readily& gullible
creed a belief& a faith
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crude not finished& rough
cruise to drive slowly
crumb a small piece of bread or cake
crutch a support used as an aid in walking often used in pairs
cryptic secret& hidden
culpable deserving blame
curt rudely brief in speech or manner curtail to shorten& to suspend
dagger a knife
dangle to hang loosely& to swing
debtor one who owes
decade a period of ten years
decency modest behavior& propriety
deck the floor of a ship
decline a downward slope& a declivity
decrepit weakened by illness or age& badly used
dedicate to honor someone by placing his or her name in the beginning
defect an imperfection
deformed disfigureddeliberately in a planned way
demolish to tear down completely
dent to depress a surface by pressure or a blow
depict to describe
depreciate to express disapproval
deprive to take away
deride to make fun of& to jeer
designate to name& to specify
detect to discover
deterioration lower value& depreciation
detest to hate
deviate to depart from& to differ diffidence lack of confidence in oneself
digress to stray from the main subject
dilate to become wider& larger
diligent industrious& busy
diminutive a small amount& something small
dingy dirty& shabby
disband to dissolve& to discontinue
discard to throw out
discern to recogni"e& to perceive
dispatch to send
dissect to examine& to critici"e
disseminate to spread& to distributedivert to entertain& to amuse
divulge to make known& to reveal
doze to sleep for a short time& to take a nap
drench to make very wet
drought a long period of dry weather
drowsy very sleepy
dubious doubtful
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dungeon a dark cell& a prison
durable sturdy& lasting
duration the length of time from beginning to end
dusk evening just before dark
earthquake a shaking of the earth's surface caused by disturbances under
eccentric strange& odd
eloquence persuasive graceful languageelucidate to make understandable
elusive tending to escape notice
emit to give off
emphasis special attention& importance
emulate to try to equal or excel
endeavor to make an effort& to try very hard
energy vigor& strength
enervate to debilitate& to weaken
enhance to make greater better
entice to attract& to lure
envious discontent or resentful because of another's possessions or q
equitably fairly& justlyequivocal ambiguous& evasive
eradicate to remove all traces
erosion wearing away
erudite learned
escort to accompany
essential important& necessary
esteem a favorable opinion& respect
eulogy high praise& laudation
evolve to develop gradually
exacting detailed& meticulous
exasperate to make angry or impatient
exceed to be greater thanexhausted very tired& enervated
exorbitant extravagant& excessive
expand to make larger
expanse a large area
expire to cease to be effective to terminate
explicit very clear& definite
exploit to use for selfish advantage or profit
expound to explain in detail
extempore without preparation& impromptu
extensive far-reaching
extinct no longer active& having died out
extol to praise highlyextravagance excess spending
exultant very happy& full of joy
facile easy
falter to move hesitatingly& unsteadily
famine starvation
fascinate to attract powerfully& to charm
feat an act requiring great strength or courage
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feeble lacking strength power
ferry to cross a river or a narrow body of water
feud to engage in a long bitter hostility
flatter to praise too much
flee to escape swiftly
flicker to shine unsteadily
flimsy lacking solidarity strengthflip to overturn
flounder to move awkwardly
fluffy soft& airy
foolish silly
forbearance self-restraint
ford a shallow place in a river which can be crossed by walking or
foresee to anticipate
fowl a bird which can be eaten
fraction a part of something
fracture a break
fraud a fault& a deception
fret to worryfrigid very cold
furtive secret
futile useless
garb clothing
garrison a fortified place occupied by soldiers
garrulous talkative
gash a deep cut
gauche impolite& clumsy
gem a precious stone& a jewel
genial kindly& friendly
genuine 012,
germinate to begin to growgist the main idea
glamorous fascinating& alluring
glib spoken easily but with little thought& fluent
glitter to shine with a sparkling light
glossary an explanation of special words at the end of the book
glow to shine
goal an objective& an aim
greedy excessively desirous of acquiring possessions& avaricious
grievance a complaint
grope to search blindly uncertainly
grouchy irritable
grudge hard feelings& resentmentgrumble to complain
gust a sudden brief rush of wind
hamlet a small village
handy easily reached
haphazard without a fixed or regular course& indifferent& disorgani"ed
harsh cruel
hasty done too quickly to be accurate or wise
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hazy not clear& vague
heavy a great amount
heretic very busy& active
heed to pay attention to
henceforth from now on
hilarious very funny& merry& laughable
hinge a joint on which a door or gate is attachedhint a suggestion& a clue
hoarse a rough husky sound especially a rough voice
hoax a trick
hoe a garden tool with a long handle and a flat blade used for diggi
holocaust widespread destruction usually by fire
homage allegiance& respect
hubbub noise& confusion
humid damp& hot
hypothesis a tentative theory
identical exactly the same
ignorant without knowledge& unaware& uninformed
ignore to refuse to notice or recogni"e& to discardimminent about to occur& impending
impartial not favoring one more than the other& just
impartible indivisible
imply to suggest
impromptu without preparation& unrehearsed& extempore
incessant without interruption& continuous
incidental of lesser importance& secondary
incisive crisp& trenchant
incredible hard to believe
indictment an accusation
induce to lead or move by influence or persuasion
inert lacking independent power to move& not activeinfested inhabited in large numbers by something harmful
ingredients parts of a mixture especially a recipe
inhabit to live in a place
initiate to start& to begin
innovation a change
inquisitive asking many questions& curious
inseparable not able to be separated
inspect to examine closely
integrate to coordinate& to unite
intersect to meet
interval the time between two events
intrepid fearlessintricate complicated
intrude to be in the way& to be an obstacle
invalid a sick person
invariable always the same
irritate to excite to anger& to bother
jeopardy danger
jerk a sudden movement
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jungle land covered with a growth of trees and vegetation
keen eager
lament to express sorrow
lanky tall and slim
laud to praise
leisure free& unoccupied
lid a cover lift to raise
light having little substance& not heavy
limb a large branch of a tree
limp to favor one leg& to cripple
limpid lucid
litter to strew with scattered articles
lively fill of energy& agile
loafer an idle la"y person
loathe to hate& to detest
loot stolen goods& plunder
lullaby a song to lull a baby to sleep
luminous brightlustrous bright& shining
malign to slander
mansion a large imposing house& a residence
mare a female horse
margin the blank space bordering the written or printed area of a pag
marshal a law officer
massive huge& heavy
meddle to interfere& to intrude
menace to threaten
mend to repair
merger a legal combination of two or more businesses
meteor a celestial body smaller than one mile in diameter meticulous to be careful about detail
mingle to mix& to combine
modify to change something a little
molest to annoy& to bother
monstrous horrible& shocking
moron a foolish silly person
morsel a small amount of food
mumble to speak indistinctly
munch to chew
mutual having the same relationship one to the other& shared
nadir the lowest point
nasty meannegligent extremely careless
numb without sensation& paraly"ed
oasis fertile place with water located in the desert
oblivion the condition of being completely forgotten
obvious forgetful& unaware
obscure not easily seen
obsequious obedient& servile
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obsolete no longer useful& outdated
obstinate stubborn& unyielding
obstruct to get in the way& to block
ominous threatening
omit to leave out
oration a formal speech
orchard a group of nut or fruit treesordeal difficult or painful experience
output production& yield
outrageous very offensive& shocking
overall general& comprehensive
pact a treaty& an agreement
palatable savory
pauper a very poor person
peek to take a brief look
penetrate to pass through& to enter
pensive thoughtful
perforated small lines or holes in something
perilous full of danger permanently constantly
permissible allowed
perpetual continuing forever& constant
persuade to convince
pessimist one who always takes a gloomy view of things
petition a formal request
phlegmatic sluggish& apathetic
pilfer to steal
pillar a column
pinch to press between one's fingers or another object
pity compassion
placate to appeaseplateau a broad pain
plausible believable but doubtful
plea an appeal
plump a full round shape
pollute to contaminate& to dirty
ponder to consider carefully
posterity future generations
postpone to delay
prank a trick& a joke
precaution action taken to avoid future accident or problem
precede to go before
precept a rule& a commandprecisely exactly
predict to tell what will happen in the future& to foretell
prelude a preliminary event preceding a more important one
prestigious admired
prevail to continue in use or fashion& to succeed
prevalent widespread
primary most important& final
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prior before in time order or importance
probe a thorough examination
profound deep
prolific productive
promulgate to make known& to declare officially
prop a support
proprietor one who owns a shopprosper to succeed& to thrive
protrude to punish outward& to project
provoke to cause& to incite
proximity nearness
prudent careful& wise& complete
purify to cleanse
quell to make quiet& to subdue
quest a search
ramble to wander idly without purpose
rancor spiteful hatred
random chance
rash with little careratify to approve& to confirm
raze to destroy
rebut to contradict
recite to repeat from memory
reckless not cautious& not careful
recluse a person who chooses to live apart from society
recollection a memory
reconcile to settle on friendly terms
refined noble& attractive
rehearse to practice
reiterate to say again& to repeat
relapse the return of an illnessreliable dependable
reluctant unwilling& hesitant
remnant something left over
renowned famous
repel to drive back
reproach to blame
resemble to have a similar appearance
reside to live in a certain place
resolute firm& determined
respond to answer
restrain to check& to limit
retain to keep in one's possession& to holdretard to delay& to hold back
retort a quick sharp reply
revenue money earned& income
reverse to go in the opposite direction& to turn around
risky dangerous
rivalry a contest& a competition
roam to wander
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role a character played by an actor in a drama
rotate to circle
roughly approximately
routine the usual way of doing things
rustic typical of country life& simple
rusty oxidi"ed
sagacity good judgment& keenness& wisdomscandal a rumor as a result of disgraceful actions
scant meager
scatter to throw about
schedule to make a timetable of arrivals and departures& to list
scoop to dip into a spoon or a cupped hand
scope the range or extent of something
scornful disdainful& aloof
scrape to abrade
scrub to wash vigorously by scrubbing
scrutiny close careful examination
segment a division& a part of something
seize to grabsentry a guard
sever to cut into two parts
shabby worn-out& faded
shatter to break into many pieces
shawl a covering for a woman's head and shoulders
shift to change a position or direction
shrewd able in particular affairs& clever
shrug to raise the shoulders in a gesture of doubt or indifference
shutter a hinged cover attached to a window to keep out light and rain
simulate to imitate& to copy
simultaneously at the same time
sinuous winding& curvingsip to drink a little at a time
skeptical not easily convinced& doubting
skim to read quickly and superficially
slap to hit with an open hand
slay to kill
sleazy sheer& gau"y& cheap
sleet a mixture of snow hail and rain
slit to cut
sluggish not easily aroused by activity& slow to respond
smolder to burn with little smoke and no flame
snatch to grab abruptly and hastily
sneak to move quietly secretlysoar to fly high
soothe to calm
sorrowful sorry for a sin or mistake
span to extend from one side to another
species a group with a common appearance
specific defined
speck a very small spot or piece of something
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spill to allow a liquid to run out of the container
sporadic happening from time to time
sprawl to stretch out
squash to flatten& to crush
stack to put several things on top of each other
stale not fresh& old
static not movingstorm a natural disturbance of wind
straddle to sit with one leg on one side and the other leg on the other si
strain tension& stress
strive to make great efforts& to struggle
stunt to retard normal growth
subsequent following
substitute to use something in place of another& to replace
sue to bring to court
sultry hot moist weather
supersede to replace
surfeit to eat an excessive amount
surly rude& arrogantsurmise to guess
swarm a large number of moving insects
swerve to turn aside& to veer
synchronize to cause to coincide
synopsis an outline
taciturn unspoken& silent
tack to fasten with a small nail
tact diplomacy
tally an account& a score
tamper to interfere in a harmful manner& to meddle
tapered smaller at one end
tentative uncertain& probabletepid slightly warm
terminate to bring to an end.
testify to give evidence
thicken to coagulate
thrifty careful& frugal
throng a crowd
thump the dull sound of a blow made by a heavy object
tilted not straight
tiptoe to walk stealthily& quietly
tolerant inclined to tolerate others& having a fair attitude toward those
torture to inflict extreme pain on someone
touchy sensitive& irritabletranquil peaceful& quiet
transact to conduct perform or carry out business
transcend to raise above& to surpass
transform to change in appearance
traverse to move along
treacherous not to be trusted& perfidious
trend a course& a tendency
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tributary a river that flows into a larger one
trivial of a little importance
troupe a group of singers or actors
tug to pull something with effort
tumble to fall in a rolling manner
tumult noisy commotion
tutor to teachtwofold a double amount
tyro a beginner
ultimate final
unanimous in a full accord& by common consent
uncouth rude in one's behavior
undercut to sell at a lesser price than a competitor
unsophisticated na3ve
vacant empty
vagabond one who moves from place to place without a fixed abode& a
vanish to disappear
vanity a foolish pride
variation a different form of something& a changevariety a collection of many different things
vehemence forcefulness& intensity& conviction
vendor one who sells something
verify to make certain of the truth& to confirm
versatile having varied uses& flexible
vestige a small remaining sign& a trace
vibrate to move back and forth rapidly
vicarious a feeling of identification with another& a substitute
vigilance watchfulness
vulnerable weak
warily cautiously
warrant a written authori"ationwaxy pliable
wayward nonconforming& irregular
wile a trick
wither to lose freshness& to dry up& to fade
wrath a great anger
wrinkle a crease
yelp to cry out sharply usually in reference to dogs
zealot an eager enthusiastic person& a fanatic
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word definitionabstract theoretical& not concrete& nonrepresentational
abstruse obscure& profound& difficult to understand
acclaim applaud& announce with great approval
accolade award of merit
acquiesce assent& agree passively
admonish warn& reprove
adroit skillful
adversary opponent
advocate urge& plead for
aesthetic artistic& dealing with or capable of appreciation of the beautif
affable courteous
affirmation positive assertion& confirmation& solemn pledge by one who r
aloof apart& reserved
altruistic unselfishly generous concerned for others
ambiguous unclear or doubtful in meaning
ambivalence the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attit
ameliorate improve
anarchist person who rebels against the established order
animosity active enmity& hatred
antagonistic hostile& opposed& actively resisting
antiquated old-fashioned& obsolete
antithesis contrast& direct opposite of or to
apathy lack of caring& indifference
appease pacify& soothe
apprehension fear
arbitrary unreasonable or capricious& imperious& tyrannical& despotic
articulate effective& distinct
ascendancy controlling influence& domination
ascetic practicing self-denial austere
assuage ease& lessen (pain)astute wise& shrewd
atrophy wasting away
austerity sternness& severity& lack of luxuries
authoritarian favoring or exercising total control& non-democratic
banal hackneyed& commonplace& trite
belie contradict& give a false impression
benevolent generous& charitable
bequeath leave to someone by a will& hand down
blasphemy cursing& irreverence& sacrilege
blighted suffering for a disease& destroyed
bolster support& prop up
cajole coax& wheedlecandor frankness
capricious fickle& incalculable
censorious critical
censure blame& critici"e
clemency disposition to be lenient& mildness as of the weather
coercion use of force to get someone's compliance
complacent self-satisfied
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compliance conformity in fulfilling requirements& readiness to yield
composure mental calmness
comprehensive thorough& inclusive
concede admit& yield
conciliatory reconciling& soothing
concise brief and compact
concur agreecondone overlook& forgive
contend struggle& compete& assert earnestly
contentious quarrelsome
contract compress or shrink& make a pledge& catch a disease
contrite penitent
converge come together
conviction strongly held belief
cordial gracious& heartfelt
corroborate confirm
credulity belief on slight evidence
criterion standard used in judging
cryptic mysterious& pu""ling& secretdaunt intimidate
debilitate weaken& enfeeble
deference courteous regard for another's wish
delineate portray
denounce condemn& critici"e
deplore regret& disapprove of
depravity corruption& wickedness
depreciate express disapproval of& protest against& belittle
deride scoff at
despondent depressed& gloomy
despot tyrant& harsh authoritarian ruler
detached emotionally removed& calm and objective& indifferentdeterrent something that discourages& hindrance
devious going astray& erratic& cunning
didactic teaching& instructional
digression wandering away from the subject
diligence steadiness of effort& persistent hard work
diminution lessening& reduction in si"e
discerning mentally quick and observant& having insight
discordant inharmonious& conflicting
discriminating able to see differences& prejudiced
discursive digressing& rambling
disdain treat with scorn or contempt
disinclination unwillingnessdisparage belittle
disparity difference& condition of inequality
dispassionate calm& impartial
disperse scatter
disputatious argumentative& fond of argument
disseminate scatter (like seeds)
dissent disagree
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dissonance discord
distend expand& swell out
divergent differing& deviating
document provide written evidence
dogmatic positive& arbitrary
dubious doubtful
duplicity double dealing& hypocrisyeccentric odd& whimsical& irregular
eclectic selective in choosing from a variety of sources
effervescent exuberant& bubbly and excited
elaboration addition of details& intricacy
elated overjoyed& in high spirits
eloquence expressiveness& persuasive speech
elusive evasive& baffling& hard to gasp
emaciated thin and wasted
embellish adorn
embryonic undeveloped& rudimentary
emulate rival& imitate
endorse approve& supportenervate weaken
engender cause& produce
enhance advance& improve
enigma pu""le
enmity ill will& hatred
ephemeral short-lived& fleeting
epic long heroic poem or similar work of art
equilibrium balance
equivocal doubtful& ambiguous
erratic odd& unpredictable
erroneous mistaken& wrong
erudite learned& scholarlyesoteric known only to a chosen few
eulogy praise
euphemism mild expression in place of an unpleasant one
exacerbate worsen& embitter
execute put into effect& carry out
exemplary serving as a model& outstanding
exemplify serve as an example of& embody
exhaustive thorough& comprehensive
exonerate acquit& exculpate
expedite hasten
explicit definite& open
extol praise& glorifyextraneous not essential& external
extricate free& disentangle
exuberance abundance& effusiveness& lavishness
facilitate make less difficult
fanaticism excessive "eal
fastidious difficult to please& squeamish
fervor glowing ardor
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flagrant conspicuously wicked
foresight ability to foresee future happenings& prudence
frivolity lack of seriousness
furtive stealthy& sneaky
garbled mixed up& based on false or unfair selection
glutton someone who eats too much
gravity seriousnessgregarious sociable
guile deceit& duplicity
hackneyed commonplace& trite
hamper obstruct
haphazard random& by chance
hardy sturdy& robust& able to stand inclement water
haughtiness pride& arrogance
hedonism belief that pleasure is the sole aim of life
heresy opinion contrary to popular belief& opinion contrary to accept
homogeneous of the same kind
humane kind
hypocritical pertaining to be virtuous& deceivingimmutable unchangeable
impair worsen& diminish in value
impassive without feeling& not affected by pain
impede hinder& block& delay
implement put into effect& supply with tools
implication that is hinted at or suggested
implicit understood but not stated
inadvertently carelessly& unintentionally
inane silly& senseless
inaugurate start& initiate& install at office
incessant uninterrupted
incidental not essential& minor incisive cutting& sharp
incite arouse to action
inclusive tending to include all
incongruous not fitting& absurd
inconsequential of trifling significance
incontrovertible indisputable
incorrigible uncorrectable
indict charge
indifferent unmoved& lacking concern
indiscriminate choosing at random& confused
indolent la"y
induce persuade& bring aboutindulgent humoring& yielding& lenient
inert inactive& lacking power to move
infamous notoriously bad
infer deduce& conclude
infiltrate pass into or through& penetrate (an organi"ation) sneakily
ingenious na3ve& young& unsophisticated
inherent firmly established by nature or habit
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innate inborn
innocuous harmless
innovation change& introduction of something new
insipid tasteless& dull
insolvent bankrupt& lacking money to pay
instigate urge& start& provoke
intangible not material& not able to be perceived by touchintegrity wholeness& purify& uprightness
interminable endless
intermittent periodic& on and off
intractable unruly& refractory
invert turn upside down or inside out
irascible irritable& easily angered
ironic resulting in unexpected and contrary manner
irresolute uncertain how to act& weak
irreverence lack of proper aspect
judicious sound in judgment& wise
kindle start a fire& inspire
laconic brief and to the pointlament grieve& express sorrow
languish lose animation& lose strength
laud praise
legacy gift made by a will
lethargic drowsy& dull
levity lightness
listless lacking in spirit or energy
lofty very high
lucid easily understood
magnanimous generous
marred damaged& disfigured
meager scantly& inadequatemethodological systematic
meticulous excessively careful
misconstrue interpret incorrectly& misjudge
miserly stingy& mean
mitigate appease
morose ill-humored& sullen
mundane worldly as opposed to spiritual
notoriety disrepute& ill fame
novelty something new& newness
nullify to make invalid
nurture bring up& feed& educate
obliterate destroy completelyoblivion forgetfulness
obstinate stubborn
ominous threatening
opaque dark& not transparent
opportunist individual who sacrifices principles for expediency by taking
optimist person who looks on the good side
opulence wealth
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sagacious keen& shrewd& having insight
sanction approve& ratify
satirical mocking
saturate soak
savory tasty& pleasing attractive or agreeable
scanty meager& insufficient
scrupulous conscientious& extremely thoroughscrutinize examine closely and critically
seclusion isolation& solitude
sectarian relating to a religious fraction or subgroup& narrow-minded& li
servile slavish& cringing
skeptic doubter& person who suspends judgment until he has exami
solemnity seriousness& gravity
somber gloomy& depressing
spendthrift someone who wastes money
squander waste
stagnant motionless& stale& dull
stanza division of a poem
static unchanging& lacking developmentsteadfast loyal
stoic person who is indifferent to pleasure or pain
submissive yielding& timid
subtlety nicety& cunning& guile& delicacy
succinct brief& terse& compact
superfluous excessive& overabundant& unnecessary
surpass exceed
surreptitious secret
sustain experience& support& nourish
sycophant servile flatterer
taciturn habitually silent& talking little
tedious boring& tiringtentative provisional& experimental
terse concise& abrupt& pithy
tirade extended scolding& denunciation
torpid dormant& dull& lethargic
trepidation fear& trembling agitation
trite hackneyed& commonplace
trivia trifles& unimportant matters
turbulence state of violent agitation
uniformity sameness& monotony
unkempt disheveled& with uncared-for appearance
unobtrusive inconspicuous& not blatant
unprecedented novel& unparalleledunwarranted unjustified& groundless& undeserved
vacillation fluctuation& wavering
vagrant a homeless wanderer
venerate revere
verbose wordy
viable capable of maintaining life
vilify slander
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deposition testimony under oath
depreciate lessen in value
depredation plundering
deranged insane
derelict abandoned&
derision ridicule
destitute extremely poor desultory aimless& jumping around
detergent cleansing agent
diffidence shyness
diffusion wordiness& spreading in all directions like a gas
dilute make less concentrated& reduce in strength
disfigure mar in beauty& spoil
disparate basically different& unrelated
dispirited lacking in spirit
duenna attendant or young female& chaperone
effeminate having womanly traits
elucidate explain& enlighten
elysian relating to paradise& blissfulendearment fond statement
endemic prevailing among a specific group of people or in a specific a
enfranchise to admit to the rights of citi"enship (especially the right to vot
engaging charming& attractive
engross occupy fully
enigmatic obscure& pu""ling
enunciate speak distinctly
environ enclose& surround
eon long period of time& an age
extort wring from& get money by threats etc.
extradition surrender of prisoner by one state to another
extrinsic not inherent& foreignextrovert person interested mostly in external objects and actions
extrude force or push out
falter hesitate
fantastic unreal& grotesque& whimsical
farce broad comedy& mockery
fervent ardent& hot
furor fren"y& great excitement
hap chance& luck
homespun domestic& made at home
immune exempt
implacable incapable of being pacified
implausible unlikely& unbelievableinalienable not to be taken away& nontransferable
inanimate lifeless
inarticulate speechless& producing indistinct speech
inception start& beginning
incipient beginning& in an early stage
incontinent lacking self-restraint& licentious
incorporeal immaterial& without a material body
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inductive pertaining to induction or proceeding from the specific to the
infantile childish& infantile
insolent haughty and contemptuous
insomnia wakefulness& inability to sleep
inverse opposite
jubilation rejoicing
perusal readingqualms misgivings
redress remedy& comprehension
scourge lash& whip& severe punishment
solecism construction that is flagrantly incorrect grammatically
spectrum colored band produced when beam of light passes through a
spurn reject& scorn
squalid dirty& neglected& poor
staccato played in an abrupt manner& marked by abrupt sharp sound
statue law
statutory created by statute or legislative action
subversive tending to overthrow or ruin
surmount overcomesurrogate substitute
surveillance watching& guarding
susceptible impressionable& easily influenced& having little resistance as
vacuous empty& inane
vagabond wanderer& tramp
vainglorious boastful& excessively conceited
veneer thin layer& cover
venerable deserving high respect
viand food
vicarious acting as a substitute& done by a deputy
vicissitude change of fortune
victuals foodvie contend& compete
vigilance watchfulness
vignette picture& short literary sketch
vigor active strength
vindicate clear of charges
vindictive revengeful
viper poisonous snake
virile manly
virtual in essence& for particular purposes
virtue goodness& moral excellence& good quality
zephyr gentle bree"e& west wind
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WOD D!"#$#%#O$abacus frame with balls for calculating
abate to lessen to subside
abdication giving up control authority
aberration straying away from what is normal
abet help/encourage smb (in doing wrong)
abeyance suspended action
abhor to hate to detest
abide be faithful to endure
abjure promise or swear to give up
abraded rubbed off worn away by friction
abrogate repeal or annul by authority
abscond to go away suddenly (to avoid arrest)
abstruse difficult to comprehend obscure
abut border on
abysmal bottomless extreme
acarpous effete no longer fertile worn out
acclaimed welcomed with shouts and approval
accolade praise approval
accretion the growing of separate things into one
adamant kind of stone inflexible
admonitory containing warning
adorn add beauty decorate
adulteration making unpure poorer in quality
affable polite and friendly
affinity close connection relationship
aggravate make worse irritate
agile active quick-moving
agog eager/excited
ail trouble be ill
alacrity eager and cheerful readiness
alcove recess/partially enclosed place
allegiance duty support loyalty
alleviate make (pain) easier to bear
alloy to debase by mixing with something inferior
aloof reserved indifferent
amalgamate mix combine unite societies
ambidextrous able to use the left hand or the right equally well
ambiguous doubtful uncertain
ambivalent having both of two contrary meanings
ameliorate improve make better
amortize end (a debt) by setting aside money
anguish severe suffering
animosity strong dislike
antidote medicine used against a poison or a disease
antithetical direct opposing
apartheid brutal racial discrimination
aplomb self-confidence
apostate one who abandons long-held religious or political convictions
apotheosis deification glorification to godliness
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appease make quiet or calm
apprehensive grasping understanding fear unhappy feeling about future
apprise give notice to inform
approbation approval
apropos appropriate to the situation apt
apt well-suited quick-witted
arabesque a complex ornate design
arboreal of connected with trees
ardor enthusiasm
arduous steep difficult ascent laborious
argot jargon slang
arrant in the highest degree
arrogance proud superior manner of behaviour
articulate speak distinctly connect by joints
ascend go or come up
ascertain get to know
ascetic practicing self-denial austere stark
ascribe consider to be the origin of or belonging to
aseptic surgically cleanasperity roughness harshness ill temper irritability
aspersion slander
assail with attack violently
assiduous diligent hard-working sedulous
assuage make smth (pain desire) less
asterisk the mark (e.g.. omitted letters)
astringent substance that shrinks
astute clever quick at seeing to get an advantage
atonement repayment death of !esus
attenuate make thin. weaken enervate
attune bring into harmony
audacious daring foolishly bold impudentaugury omen sign
august majestic venerable
auspicious favorable successful prosperous
austere severely moral and strict simple and plain
auxiliary helping supporting
aver affirm assert prove justify
aversion strong dislike
avid eager greedy
avow admit. 5eclare openly
baleful harmful ominous causing evil
balk obstacle purposely to get on the way of
baneful causing harm or ruin pernicious destructivebarrage artificial obstacle built across a river
barren not good enough unable to have young ones without value
bask in enjoy warmth and light
beatify to bless make happy or ascribe a virtue to
bedizen to adorn especially in a cheap showy manner
belabor beat hard
bellicose belligerent pugnacious warlike
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belligerent (person nation) waging war
benefactor person who has given help
benevolence wish or activity in doing good
benign kind and gentle mild (climate)
bequest arrangement to give smth at death
berate scold sharply
bereft rob or dispossess of smth (material)
bewilder pu""le confuse
bigot stubborn narrow-minded person
bilge bulge the protuberance of a cask
blandishment flattery coaxing
blandness polite manner comforting uninteresting
blatant noisy and rough
blithe cheerful casual carefree
bogus sham counterfeit not genuine
boisterous loud noisy rough lacking restraint
bolster give greatly needed support
boorish crude offensive rude
brash hasty rush cheeky saucybrass yellow metal (mixing copper and "inc)
brazen made of brass
breach opening broken place breaking
brittle easily broken
broach bring up announce begin to talk about
brook to tolerate endure
buoyant able to float light-hearted
burgeon grow forth send out buds
burnish to polish rub to a shine
cabal a scheme or plot a group of plotters
cadge to beg to get by begging
cajole use flattery or deceit to persuadecalipers metal supports attached to the legs measuring instrument
calumny slander aspersion
candid frank straight-forward
cant insincere talk/jargon
cantankerous bad-tempered/quarrelsome
canvass discuss thoroughly sort of touting
castigate to chastise correct by punishing
castigation severe punishment
catalyst substance that causes speeding up
caustic biting sarcastic
censure expression of blame or disapproval a rebuke
centurion leader of a unit of #$$ soldierschary cautious wary
chastened corrected punished
chastisement punishment
chauvinist a blindly devoted patriot
chicanery legal trickery/false argument
chisel steel tool for shaping materials
churl bad-tempered person
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convoke call together summon
convoluted complicated coiled twisted
cordial warm and sincere
cordon line (of police acting as a guard)
cornucopia abundant supply
corporeal physical of or for the body
correlate have a mutual relation
corroboration additional strengthening evidence
countenance to favor or approve of
counterfeit forgery
countervail counterbalance
covert disguised
covetous eagerly desirous
cower crouch shrink back
coy shy/modest (esp of a girl)
crass very great (es. stupidity)
cravat piece of linen worn as a necktie
craven cowardly
crease line made by crushing white line on the ground in cricketcredulity too great a readiness to believe things
credulous ready to believe things
crush press lose shape subdue overwhelm
cryptic secret with a hidden meaning
cumbersome burdensome heavy and awkward to carry
curmudgeon bad-tempered person
curriculum course of study
cursory quick hurried
curtail make shorter then was planned
dainty pretty/delicate(food)/difficult to please
daunt intimidate make fearful
dawdler person who is slow waste of timedearth shortage
debacle a breakup overthrow sudden disaster
decorum propriety properness
decree order given by authority
decry disapprove of
defer postpone give way (to show respect)
deferential showing respect
defiance open disobedience or resistance
delineate to portray depict sketch out
deluge great flood heavy rush of water
demagogue person appealing not to reasons
demur to hesitate raise objectionsdenigrate blacken belittle sully defame
denouement an outcome or solution the unraveling of a plot
deplete use until none remains
deposition dethronement depositing
deprave make morally bad corrupt
deprecate protest against express disapproval of
dereliction deserting and leaving to fall into ruins
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derision ridicule mockery deriding
derivative unoriginal obtained from another source
derogatory insulting tending to damage
descry catch sight of see smth in the distance
desiccant substance used to absorb moisture
desuetude cessation of use disuse
desultory aimless hapha"ard digressing at random
deter discourage hinder
detraction slandering verbal attack aspersion
detumescence diminishing or lessening of swelling
deviance being different in moral standards (from normal)
dexterity skill (esp. in handling)
diaphanous transparent gau"y
diatribe bitter and violent attack in words
diffidence shyness
dilate speak comprehensively become wider large
disallow refuse to allow or accept as a correct
discern see with an effort but clearly
discomfit confuse embarrassdisconcert upset the self-possession of
discountenance refuse to approve of
discourse speech lecture
discredit refuse to believe
discreet careful/prudent
discrete individually distinct
disdain look on with contempt
disencumber free from encumbrance
disheveled untidy
disingenuous sophisticated artful trying to deceive cunning
disinter dig up from the earth
dislodge move force from the place occupieddismal sad gloomy miserable
disparate essentially different
disproof proof to the contrary
dissemble speak or behave so as to hide smth (in mind)
disseminate distribute (esp. ideas)
dissent have a different opinion refuse to assent
dissolution disintegration looseness in morals
distraught distracted violently upset in mind
divergence getting farther apart from a point
divestiture taking off getting rid of giving up
divulge make known smth secret
doggerel trivial poorly constructed versedogmatic positive certain arbitrary without room for discussion
dolt stupid fellow
dormant in a state of inactivity but awaiting development
dote show much fondness center one's attention
drawl slow way of speaking
droll jesting
drone male bee person who isn't self-employed
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drowsiness feeling sleepy half asleep
dubious feeling doubt
dud no use person smth that fails
dulcet melodious harmonious
dupe cheat make a fool of
duplicity deliberate deception
duress threats to compel smb
dwarf person or smb much below the usual si"e
dynamo a generator something that produces electric current
earthenware dishes made of baked clay
ebullience exuberance outburst of feeling
ebullient overflowing with enthusiasm showing excitement
ecumenical representing the whole hristian world
edacious voracious devouring
eddy circular or spiral movement (e.g.. of wind)
edible fit to be eaten/not poisonous
effete infertile worn out weak
efficacy production of a desired result
effluvia outflow in a stream of particles a noxious odor or vaporeffrontery boldness impudence arrogance
egress way out exit
elaborate worked out with much care in great detail
elegy a lament a melancholy composition
elicit draw out
eloquence fluent speaking skillful use of language
emaciate make thin and weak
embellish make beautiful
embezzle use in a wrong way for one's own benefit
emote stir up excite
empirical relying on experiment
encapsulate enclose in capsuleencomium warm or glowing praise eulogy panegyric
encumbrance burden things that get on the way of
endearing making dear or liked
endemic epidemic
endorse write one's name on the back of
enduring lasting
enervate weaken deprive of strength attenuate
engender cause produce give rise to
engrave impress deeply
engrossing taken up all the time or attention writing in large or formal
engulf swallow up
enigma smth that is pu""lingenmity hatred being an enemy
ensign flag/badge
entangle put into difficulties
enthral please greatly/enslave (fig)
entice tempt or persuade
entreat ask earnestly
enunciate pronounce (words)/express a theory
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fallacious based on error
falter waver/move in an uncertain manner
fatuous without sense foolish self-satisfaction
fawn young deer try to win smb's favor
feckless lacking purpose or vitality ineffective careless
fecund fertile
feint pretend
felicitous apt suitably expressed well chosen apropos
felon person guilty of murder
ferment substance become excited
ferocity savage cruelty
ferret discover by searching search
fervid showing earnest feeling
fervor warmth of feelings earnestness
fetid stinking
fetter to shackle put in chains
feud bitter quarrel over a long period of time
fidelity loyalty accuracy
fidget move restlessly make nervousfigurehead carved image on the prow of a ship
finesse delicate way of dealing with a situation
finical too fussy about food clothing etc.
finicky finical
fission splitting or division (esp. of cells)
fixate stare at
flak criticism/anti-aircraft guns
flamboyant brightly colored florid
flaunting show off complacently
flax pale yellow (hair) a plant
fledged able to fly trained experienced
fleet number of ships quick-movingflinch draw move back wince
flop fail/move/fall clumsily
florid very much ornamented naturally red (e.g.. of face)
flout reject mock to go against (as in going against tradition)
fluke lucky stroke
fluster make nervous or confused
foible defect of character (a person is wrongly proud)
foil prevent from carrying out contrast
foment put smth warm (to lessen the pain)
foolproof incapable of failure or error
foppish like a man who pays too much attention to his clothes
forage food for horses and cattleforbear refrain from be patient ancestor
forbearance patience willingness to wait
ford shallow place in a river (to cross)
forestall prevent by taking action in advance preempt
forfeit suffer the loss of smth
forge workshop for the shaping of metal to shape metal lead
forgery counterfeit
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forswear renounce disallow repudiate
foster nurture care for
fracas noisy quarrel
fragile easily injured broken or destroyed
fragrant sweet-smelling
frantic wildly excited with joy pain anxiety
frenetic frantic fren"ied
fret worry irritation wear away
fringe edge ornamental border part of hair over the forehead
froward intractable not willing to yield or comply stubborn
frugal careful economical
fulmination bitter protest
fulsome disgusting offensive due to excessiveness
gainsay to deny to oppose
garble make unfair selection from facts
garment article of clothing
garner to gather and save to store up
garrulity talkativeness
garrulous too talkativegaucherie socially awkward tactless behavior
germane relevant pertinent to
gist the point general sense
glean gather facts in small quantities
glib ready and smooth but not sincere
glimmer weak/unsteady light
gloat over look at with selfish delight
glut supply to much fill to excess
gnaw waste away bite steadily
goad smth urging a person to action
gorge eat greedily/narrow opening with a stream
gossamer soft light delicate materialgouge tool for cutting grooves in wood
grandiloquent using pompous words
grave serious requiring consideration
graze touch or scrape lightly in passing
gregarious living in societies liking the company
grievous causing grief or pain serious dire grave
grovel crawl humble oneself
guile deceit cunning
gullible easily gulled
gush burst out suddenly/talk ardently
gust outburst of feeling sudden rain wind fire etc.
hack cut roughly hired horsehalcyon calm and peaceful
hallow to make holy consecrate
harangue a long passionate speech
harbinger smth or smb that foretells the coming of
harrow to distress create stress or torment
haughty arrogant conceited
heed attention/give notice to
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heinous odious (of crime)
heresy belief contrary to what is generally accepted
hermetic sealed by fusion
heterogeneous made up of different kinds
hew make by hard work cut (by striking)
highbrow (person) with superior tastes
hirsute hairy shaggy
hoax mischievous trick played on smb for a joke
hoi polloi the masses the rabble
hollow not soled with hole
holster leather case for a pistol
homiletics act of preaching
hone stone used for sharpening tools
hoodwink trick mislead
hospitable liking to give hospitality
hubris arrogant pride
hush make or become silent
husk worthless outside part of anything
hypocrisy falsely making oneself appear to be goodiconoclast person who attacks popular beliefs
idiosyncrasy personal mannerism
idolatry excessive admiration of
idyll a carefree episode or experience
ignoble dishonorable common undignified
ignominious shameful dishonorable undignified disgraceful
illicit unlawful forbidden
imbroglio complicated and embarrassing situation
immaculate pure faultless
imminent likely to come or happen soon
immutable that cannot be changed
impair worsen diminish in valueimpassive unmoved feeling no sign of passion
impecunious having little or no money
impede hinder get in the way of
impediment smth that hinders (e.g. stammer)
impending imminent being about to happen expected
imperative urgent essential
imperious commanding haughty arrogant
impermeable that cannot be permeated
imperturbable calm not capable of being excited
impervious not allowing to pass through (of materials)
imperviousness haughty arrogant commanding
impetuous having sudden energy impulsive thrusting ahead forcefulimpiety lack of reverence or dutifulness
implacable incapable of being placated unpleasable
implicate show that smb has a share
implicit implied though not plainly expressed
implosion collapse bursting inward
importune beg urgently solicit (of a prostitute)
imprecation an invocation of evil a curse
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impromptu without preparation
impudent rash indiscreet
impugned challenged to be doubted
impute to attribute to a cause or source ascribe
inadvertent not paying proper attention
inane silly senseless
inasmuch since because
incense make angry
incessant often repeated continual
inchoate not yet fully formed rudimentary elementary
incipient beginning
incise engrave make a cut in
incite stir up rouse
inclined directing the mind in a certain direction
incongruous out of place not in harmony or agreement
incorrigibility cannot be cured or corrected
incredulous skeptical unwilling to believe
inculcate fix firmly by repetition
incumbents official dutiesincursion a raid a sudden attack
indefatigability not easily exhaustible tirelessness
indelible that cannot be rubbed out
indigence poverty
indigenous native
indistinct not easily heard seen clearly marked
indolence la"iness
indomitable not easily discouraged or subdued
indulge gratify give way to satisfy allow oneself
indulgent inclined to indulge
ineffable to great to be described in words
ineluctable certain inevitableinept unskillful said or done at the wrong time
ineptitude quality of being unskillful
inferno hell
infuriate fill with fury or rage
infuse put pour fill
ingenuous naive young artless frank honest sincere
ingest take in by swallowing
inimical harmful or friendly
inimitable defying imitation unmatchable
innocuous causing no harm
inscrutable incapable of being discovered or understood
insensible unconscious unresponsive unaffectedinsinuate suggest unpleasantly make a way for smth gently
insipid without taste or flavor
insouciant unconcerned carefree
insularity narrow-mindedness isolated
insurrection rising of people to open resistance to
interdict prohibit forbid
interim as an installment
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intersperse place here and there
intransigence unwillingness to compromise stubbornness intractability
intransigent uncompromising
intrepid fearless brave undaunted
introspection examining one's own thoughts and feelings
inundate flood cover by overflowing
inured accustomed to adapted
invective abusive language curses
inveigh to attack verbally denounce deprecate
inveterate deep-rooted. long-established
invincible too strong to be defeated
involute complex
irascible irritable easily angered
irate angry
ire anger
irksome tiresome
irresolute hesitating undecided
irrevocable final and unalterable
itinerate to travel from place to place to peregrinate jabber talk excitedly utter rapidly
jibe gibe make fun of
jocular meant as a joke
judicious sound in judgment wise
knit draw together unite firmly
labyrinthine to entangle the state of affairs
lachrymose causing tears tearful
lackluster (of eyes) dull
lament show feel great sorrow
lassitude weariness tiredness
latent present but not yet active developed or visible
laudatory expressing or giving praiselavish giving or producing freely liberally or generously
legacy smth handed down from ancestors
levee formal reception/embankment
levity lack of seriousness
libel statement that damages reputation
liberality free giving generosity
libertine immoral person
lien legal claim until a debt on it is repaid
limn paint portray
limp lacking strength walking unevenly
lionize treat as a famous person
lithe bending twistingloll rest to sit or stand in a la"y way hang (dog's tongue)
lope move along with long strides
loquacious talkative garrulous
lucubrate write in scholarly fashion
luculent easily understood lucid clear
lugubrious mournful excessively sad
lull become quiet or less active
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nibble show some inclination to accept (an offer)
noisome offensive disgusting (smell)
nonchalant not having interest
nonplused greatly surprised
nostrum a quack remedy an untested cure
noxious harmful
nugatory trifling/worthless
obdurate hardened and unrepenting stubborn inflexible
obfuscate to darken make obscure muddle
oblivious unaware having no memory
obloquy abusively detractive language sharp criticism vituperation
obsequious too eager to obey or serve
obstreperous noisy loud
obtain to be established accepted or customary
obtrusive projecting prominent undesirably noticeable
obtuse blunt/stupid
obviate to make unnecessary get rid of
occluded blocked up
odious repulsive hatefulodium contempt dislike aversion
odor smell favor reputation
officious too eager or ready to help offer advice
ominous threatening
onerous needing effort burdensome
opaqueness dullness/not allowing light to pass through
opprobrious showing scorn or reproach
ossify to turn to bone to settle rigidly into an idea
ostensible seeming appearing as such professed
ostentation display to obtain admiration or envy
ostracism shut out from society refuse to meet talk
overhaul examine thoroughly to learn about the conditionoverweening presumptuously arrogant overbearing immoderate being a jerk
paean song of praise or triumph
palate roof of the mouth sense of taste
palatial magnificent
palliate lessen the severity of
palpability can be felt touched understood
palpitate tremble beat rapidly and irregularly
panegyric formal praise eulogy
paradigm a model example or pattern
parenthesis sentence within another one smth separated
pariah an outcast a rejected and despised person
parsimonious too economical miserlypartisan one-sided committed to a party biased or prejudiced
patron regular customer person who gives support
paucity scarcity a lacking of
peccadillo small sin small weakness in one's character
pedantic bookish showing off learning
pedestrian commonplace trite unremarkable
pellucid transparent easy to understand
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penchant strong inclination a liking
penitent feeling or showing regret
penurious poor/stingy
penury extreme poverty
peregrination traveling about wandering
peremptory urgent imperative unchallengeable ending debate
perfidious treacherous faithless
perfidy treachery breaking of faith
perfunctory done as a duty without care
perilous dangerous
peripatetic wandering
perish be destroyed decay
perjury willful *+, statement unlawful act
permeate spread into every part of
pernicious harmful injurious
perpetrate be guilty commit (a crime)
personable pleasing in appearance attractive
perspicacity quick judging and understanding
pertain belong as a part have referencepest destructive thing or a person who is nuisance
petrified taken away power (to think feel act)
petrify to make hard rocklike
petrous like a rock hard stony
petulant unreasonably impatient
philistine a smug ignorant person one who lacks knowledge
phlegmatic calm sluggish temperament unemotional
picaresque involving clever rogues or adventurers
pied of mixed colors
pinch be too tight take between the thumb and finger
pine waste away through sorrow or illness
pious dutiful to parents devoted to religionpiquant agreeably pungent stimulating
pique hurt the pride or self-respect stir (curiosity)
pitfall covered hole as a trap unsuspected danger
pith essential part force soft liquid substance
pivotal of great importance (others depend on it)
placate soothe pacify calm
plaintive mournful melancholy sorrowful
plaque flat metal on a wall as a memorial
platitude a trite or banal statement unoriginality
plea request
plead address a court of law as an advocate
plethora glutpliant pliable easily bent shaped or twisted
plod continue doing smth without resting
pluck pull the feathers off pick (e.g.. flowers)
plumb get to the root of
plummet fall plunge steeply
plunge move quickly suddenly and with force
poignant deeply moving keen
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poncho large piece of cloth
ponderous heavy bulky dull
portent omen marvelous threatening
precarious uncertain risky dangerous
precepts rules establishing standards of conduct
preclude prevent make impossible
precursory preliminary anticipating
predilection special liking mental preference
predominate have more power than others
preen tidy/show self-satisfaction
premature doing or happening smth before the right time
preponderance greatness in number strength weight
presage warning sign
presumption arrogance
preternatural not normal or usual
prevalent common
prevaricate to equivocate to stray from the truth
prim neat formal
pristine primitive unspoiled pure as in earlier times unadulteratedprobity uprightness incorruptibility principle
proclivity inclination
procrastination keeping on putting off
prodigal wasteful reckless with money
prodigious enormous wonderful
profane worldly having contempt for od
profligacy shameless immorality
profligate wasteful prodigal licentious extravagant
profundity depth
profuse abundant/lavish
proliferate grow reproduce by rapid multification
prolix tiring because too longprone prostrate inclined to (undesirable things)
propagation increasing the number spreading extending
propinquity nearness in time or place affinity of nature
propitiatory conciliatory appeasing mitigating
propitious auspicious presenting favorable circumstances
prosaic everyday mundane commonplace trite pedestrian
proscribe denounce as dangerous
protracted prolonged
provident frugal looking to the future
provisional of the present time only
provoke make angry vax
prudence careful forethoughtprudish easily shocked excessively modest
prune dried plum silly person
pry get smth inquire too curiously
pucker wrinkle
pugnacious fond of in the habit of fighting
puissance strength
punctilious precise paying attention to trivialities
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pundit pedant authority on a subject
pungency sharpness stinging quality
purvey provide supply
pusillanimous cowardly craven
putrefaction becoming rotten
pyre large pile of wood for burning
quack person dishonestly claiming to smth
quaff drink deeply
quail lose courage turn frightened
qualm feeling of doubt temporary feeling of sickness
quandary state of doubt or perplexity
quell suppress subdue
quibble try to avoid by sophistication
quiescence state of being passive/motionless
quiescent at rest dormant torpid
quirk habit or action peculiar to smb or smth
quixotic generous unselfish
quotidian banal everyday
rabble mob crowd the lower classes of populaceraconteur person who tells anecdotes
raffish low vulgar base tawdry
ramify to be divided or subdivided to branch out
rancorous feeling bitterness spitefulness
rant use extravagant language
rapacious greedy (esp for money)
rarefy to make thin to make less dense to purify or refine
rave act with excessive enthusiasm
reactionary opposing progress
rebuff snub
recalcitrant disobedient
recant take back as being *+, give uprecast cast or fashion anew
recidivism relapse into antisocial or criminal behavior
reciprocity granting of privileges in return for similar
recitals a number of performance of music
recluse person who lives alone and avoids people
recompense make payment to reward punish
reconcile settle a quarrel restore peace
recondite little known abstruse
recreancy cowardice a cowardly giving up
recuperate become strong after illness loss exhaustion
redeem get back by payment compensate
redoubtable formidable causing fearrefine make or become pure cultural
refractory stubborn unmanageable untractable
refulgent shining brilliant
regale to delight or entertain to feast
regicide crime of killing a king
reiterate say or do again several times
rejuvenation becoming young in nature or appearance
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relapse fall back again
remonstrate to protest object
render deliver provide represent
renovate restore smth to better condition
renowned celebrated famous
repast meal
repel refuse to accept/cause dislike
repine at be discontented with
reproach scold upbraid
reprobate person hardened in sin one devoid of decency
repudiate disown refuse to accept or pay
repulsive causing a feeling of disgust
requite repay give in return
rescind repeal/annul/cancel
resigned unresisting submissive
resilience quality of quickly recovering the original shape
resort to frequently visit
restive refusing to move reluctant to be controlled
resuscitation coming back to consciousnessretard check hinder
reticent reserved untalkative silent taciturn
revere have deep respect for
reverent feeling or showing deep respect
riddle pu""ling person or thing
rift split crack dissension
rivet fix take up secure metal pin
roll call calling of names
rotund rich and deep plump and round
ruffian violent cruel man
rumple make rough
sagacious having sound judgment perceptive wise like a sagesalacious obscene
salubrious healthful
salutary remedial wholesome causing improvement
sanctimony self-righteousness hypocritical with *+, piety
sanction approval (by authority) penalty
sanguine cheerful confident optimistic
sanity health of mind soundness of judgement
sash long strip worn round the waist
satiate satisfy fully
saturnine gloomy dark sullen morose
savant person of great learning
savor taste flavor smthsawdust tiny bits of wood
scabbard sheath for the blade
scent smell (esp pleasant)
scorch become discolored/dry up/go at high speed
scribble write hastily
scurvy mean contemptible
secular material (not spiritual) living outside monasteries
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sedulous persevering
seminal like a seed constituting a source originative
sententious short and pithy full of maxims/proverbs
sequence succession connected line of
sere make hard and without feeling
sermon reproving a person for his faults
serrated having a toothed edge
serration having a toothed edge
servile like a slave lacking independence
sever break off
severance severing
shallow little depth not earnest
shard piece of broken earthenware
sheath cover for the blade of a weapon or a tool
shrewd astute showing sound judgement
shrill sharp piercing
shun keep away from avoid
shunt send from one track to another lay aside evade discussion
sidestep step to one sidesimper (give a) silly/self-conscious smile
sinuous winding undulating serpentine
skiff small boat
skit short piece of humorous writing
slack sluggish dull not tight
slake to assuage to satisfy allay
slate king of blue-grey stone propose critici"e
sluggard la"y slow-moving person
slur join sounds/words (indistinct)
smolder burn slowly without flame
snare trap
snub treat with contemptsoar rise fly high
sober self-controlled
sobriety quality or condition of being sober
sodden soaked saturated
soggy heavy with water
solvent of the power of forming a solution
somatic of the body
soot black powder in smoke
sophisticated complex subtle refined
sophistry fallacious reasoning faulty logic
sophomoric self-assured though immature affected bombastic overblown
soporific producing sleepsordid wretched comfortless contemptible
spear weapon with a metal point on a long shaft
specious illogical of questionable truth or merit
splenetic bad-tempered irritable
splice join (two ends)
sponge porous rubber for washing live at once expense
spurious *+, counterfeit
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spurn have nothing to do reject or refuse
squalid foul filthy
squander spend wastefully
squat crouch/settle without permission
stanch to stop the flow of a fluid
steeply rising or falling sharply
stentorian extremely loud and powerful
stickler person who insists on importance of smth
stigma mark of shame or disgrace
stigmatize describe smb scornfully
sting smth sharp
stingy spending using unwillingly
stint to be thrifty to set limits
stipple paint with dots
stipulate state or put forward as a necessary condition
stolid showing no emotion impassive
stray wander lose one's way
streak long thin move very fast
striated striped grooved or bandedstride walk with long steps
strut a supporting bar
stygian hence dark gloomy
stymie to hinder obstruct or block
subdue overcome bring under control
sublime extreme astounding
submerge put under water liquid sink out of sight
suborn induce by bribery or smth to commit perjury
subpoena written order requiring a person to appear in a low court
substantiation giving facts to support (statement)
subsume include under a rule
succor assistance relief in time of distresssuffice be enough
suffocate cause or have difficulty in breathing
sullied to be stained or discredited
summarily briefly without delay
sumptuous magnificent
sundry various miscellaneous separate
supercilious disdainful characteri"ed by haughty scorn
superfluous more then is needed or wanted
superimpose put smth on the top
supersede take the place of
supine lying on the back slow to act passive
suppliant asking humbly beseechingsupplicate make a humble petition to
suppress prevent from being known put an end to
surcharge additional load/charge
surfeit satiate feed to fulness or to excess
susceptibility sensitiveness
swerve change direction suddenly
sycophant person who flatter to the rich and powerful
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synopsis summary or outline
taciturn untalkative silent
tadpole form of a frog when it leaves the egg
talon claw of a bird of prey
tamp tap or drive down by repeated light blows
tamper interfere with
tangential suddenly changeable
tarnished lost brightness
tassel bunch of threads
taunt contemptuous reproach hurtful remark
taut tightly stretched
tautology a repetition a redundancy
tawdry cheap gaudy showy tacky
teetotal oppose to alcohol
temerity boldness brashness intrepidness
temperance abstinence from alcohol self-control moderation
temperate showing self-control
tenacity firmness persistency adhesiveness tending to hang on
tenuous insubstantial flimsy weaktepid lukewarm
terse brief and to the point
testiness witness/evidence
thrift care economy thriving prosperous
thwart obstruct/frustrate
timid shy easily frightened
timorous fearful timid afraid
toady obsequious flatterer
tonic smth giving strength or energy
topple be unsteady and overturn
torment severe pain or suffering
torpid sleeping sluggish lethargic dormanttorque twisting force causing rotation
tortuous devious/not straightforward
tout person who worries others to buy smth to use his service
tractable easily controlled or guided
transgress break go beyond (a limit)
transient temporary fleeting
transitory brief
travesty parody/imitation
trenchant forceful effective vigorous extremely perceptive incisive
trepidation alarm excited state of mind
trickle flow in drops
trifling unimportanttrite not new
truce (agreement) stop of fighting for a time
truculence aggressiveness ferocity
trudge walk heavily
turbid muddy having the sediment stirred up
turbulence being uncontrolled violent
turgid excessively ornate swollen or bloated
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turmoil trouble disturbance
turpitude wickedness shamefulness
turquoise greenish-blue precious stone
tyro tiro beginner
ubiquitous present everywhere
ulterior situated beyond
umbrage offense resentment
uncouth rough awkward
underbid make a lower bid then smb else
undermine weaken gradually at the base make smth under
undulate to move in wavelike fashion fluctuate
unearth discover and bring to light
unencumbered easy-going trifle
unfeigned not pretended sincere
unscathed unharmed unhurt
untoward unfortunate inconvenient
upbraid scold reproach
urbane elegant refined in manners
vacillation being uncertain hesitatingvagary strange act or idea
vain without use result conceited
valiant brave
valorous brave
vanquish conquer
veer change direction
venal ready to do smth dishonest
veneer surface appearance covering the 012, nature
veneration regard with deep respect
veracity truth
verdant fresh and green
verisimilitude appearing 012, or realveritable real rightly named
verve spirit vigor enthusiasm
vestige trace or sign
vex annoy distress trouble
vigilance watchfulness self-appointed group who maintain order
vigilant member of a vigilance committee
vigorous strong energetic
vilify slander say evil things
vindictive having a desire to revenge
virago a loud domineering woman a scold or nag
visceral of the internal organs of the body
viscous sticky/semi-fluidvitiate lower the quality weaken the strength
vituperate curse abuse in words
vivacious lively high-spirited
volatile changeable inconstant fickle unstable explosive
volubility fluency verbosity easy use of spoken language
voluble fluent
waffle talk vaguely and without much result
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waft scent waving movement carry lightly through
wag merry person
warmonger person who stirs up war
warrant authority written order guarantee
wean to turn away (from a habit)
weigh measure hoe heavy smth is
welter turmoil a bewildering jumble
wend to go proceed
whimsical full of odd and fanciful ideas
wince show bodily or mental pain
woo try to win
writ written order
yarn tale story fibers for knitting