the gothic period

8/8/2019 The Gothic Period

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THE GOTHIC PERIOD

Development of Painting

The Gothic Period

> barbaric or rude

> Light mysticism> Every created thing partakes,

however imperfectly, of the essence of

God.

>The viewer sees an object but

through it is conscious of the distant

unseen source that illuminates it and

gives it its intelligibility.

> Naturalism, toward greater volume

and roundness.

>The decorative flatness gave way totheir interest in pictorial depth.

St.matthew the evangelist Notre Dame

THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD

Development of Painting

> First period of history to name itself.

> The artists were self-conscious,

aware that their artwork is different

from that of the past.

> They deliberately strove to create agolden age in the arts.

> Renaissance means rebirth of the

era they most admired: the Classical

Period of Greek and Roman.

> The time of Michelangelo, Leonardo,

Rafael, Donatello, etc.

> There was an artistic revolution.

> The age of painting

> Painters and sculptors dissected

corpses to better understand the

mystery of human anatomy.

> To create the illusion of accuratethree-dimensional space.

> Notion of art as a mirror of the

physical world.

Contributors of the

Renaissance Period - EARLY

RENNAISANCE

The Tribute Money. Masaccio

MASACCIO

> Early Renaissance art.

> Used the continuous narrative

device. > Masaccios shading and

treatment of drapery give convincingroundness to the bodies.

> The figures have dignity and gravity

that mark them as true Renaissance

product.

The Birth of Venus. Sandro Boticelli

SANDRO BOTTICELLI

> Fascination with the depiction of


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women as graceful, exquisite beings,

so weightless they often seem about

to float in paintings.

Contributors of the

Renaissance Period - HIGHRENAISSANCE

RENAISSANCE MAN

> Applied to someone who is very well

informed about, or very good at doing,

many different, often quite unrelated,

things.

> Michelangelo painter, sculptor,

poet, architectincomparably gifted

at all. > Leonardo

painter, inventor, sculptor, architect,engineer, scientist, musician, and all-

around intellectual.

LEONARDO DA VINCI

>The artist who embodies the term

Renaissance Man the most.

>The greatest genius who ever lived.

> Study of Human Proportions,

sought to establish ideal proportions

for the human body by relating it to

the square and the circle.

> Exotic mirror writing

Mona Lisa

> One of the many works of Da Vinci

left unfinished.

> Sfumato (smoke in Italian)

> Painting in thin glazes to achieve a

hazy, cloudy atmosphere and a sense

of three-dimensional form.

MICHELANGELO

> Established sculptor by the age of

25. > Finished the Sistine Chapel

Baroque Period

BAROQUE vs. RENAISSANCE

Renaissance

>Stressed calm of reason and

enlightenment

> Classic simplicity

Baroque>Colors are more vivid with great

contrast between colors and light and

dark.

> Favored ornamentation, as rich and

complex as possible.

BERNINI

> Dynamic, sometimes even

theatrical. >Taste for drama and

overstatement, a flair for grand

gesture.

> Background in theater, in stage and

scene design.

> Liked to incorporate light, smoke,

and water in his creations.

CARAVAGGIO

> Focuses on a suspended moment

after violent death.

> His figures seem frozen in a

moment of anguish.

ROCOCO PERIOD

ROCOCO ART

> A development and extension of the

Baroque style.

> Play on the word baroque but also

refers to the French term rocks and

shell

> Rococo is more intimate, suitable

for the aristocratic home.

> It leans more to the gentle pastels.

> Had smaller scale with a light-

hearted, playful quality.

> Charmingly romantic.

> Sophisticated style.


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Jean baptiste. The house of cards

THE MODERN WORLD -

NEOCLASSICISM,

ROMANTICISM, AND REALISM

NEOCLASSICAL ART

> Artists of this time became the

great propagandist for the anti-

aristocracy. > Emotions arerestrained, outlines are clear, colors

are cool, figures have full-bodied

muscularity.

> Works appear to the viewers

reason, logic, and high moral

principles.

JACQUES LOUIS DAVID

> Pioneer of the neoclassical period.

> He went against the corrupt

aristocracy in France.> Most of his art are politically aware.

> Liberty, equality, fraternity, and

participation by all levels of society in

the government and economy of

France.

The death

Of of Marat

ROMANTIC PERIOD

>The ideal was to stress drama,

turbulent emotions, and complex

composition.

> Eugene Delacroix

Liberty leading the people

REALIST MOVEMENT

> Sought to depict everyday and the

ordinary, rather than the heroic of the

exotic.

>Their concerns were rooted in the

present.

IMPRESSIONISM AND

POST-IMPRESSIONISM

IMPRESSIONISM

> Attempted to paint what the eye

actually sees, rather than what the

brain interprets from visual cues.

>They were after the true visual

impression., not the version that is

filtered through the knowing brain.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Piazza San

Marco

CLAUDE MONET

> Preferred to work outdoors, in day


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light.

>Tried to record the exact

impression created by the light

striking on the surface.

POST-IMPRESSIONISM> Vincent Van Gogh

> Paul Cezanne

> Paul Gauguin

VINCENT VAN GOGH

> His work is characterized by intense,

high-key colors; loose brushwork,

often with a heavy impasto; a swirling,

agitated composition; and a subject

matter emphasising those things in his

closet.

PAUL CEZANNE

> Style is different in developing

Impressionism.

> His search was for a solidity and a

geometric order in the visual world.

> He felt that Impressionism needed

more substance, more solidity of form

than could be found in optical

perception of light.

LATE 19th CENTURY

JAMES ABBOTT MCNEIL WHISTLER

> Arrangement in Gray and Black, No.

> Seen as an expression sons

sentimental devotion to his aged

mother.

> A subtle study of formal

composition, light and color.

>The use

of visual elements for their own sake,

not just to serve the needs of a

particular subject matter.

Arrangement in Gray and Black, No. 1

(The Artists Mother)

JOHN SINGER SARGENT

> Madame X

> Shocked viewers when exhibited in

Paris in 1884.

Madame X (Mme Pierre Gautreau)

FAUVISM, CUBISM, AND

OTHER MOVEMENTS -

France, Early 20th Century

FAUVISM

- Wild beasts

HENRI MATISEE

> Images painted in purely arbitrary

colors, or colors unnatural of his

subject. > Fauvism did not last very

long but its existence was very

important. > It was

the one that broke once and for all a

longstanding taboo about the

boundaries and conventions of art.

> Never again would the artists feel

they must confine themselves to

replicating the real colors of the

natural world.


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The Woman with a Hat.

CUBISM

PABLO PICASSO

> Inclusion of non-traditional

elements, merging of figure and

ground, reflecting the assumption that

all proportions of the work participate

in its expression, and there isfragmenting of the figures and other

elements into flat planes.

Les Demoiselles dAvignon.

> Strongly influenced by Cezannes

idea of natural forms could be reduced

to geometric solidscone, sphere, and

cylinder.

> They were interested in the

geometry of forms, but they took as

their starting point an angular, rather

than a curved, solidthe cube.

> It is an art of facets. Forms are

flattened into planes, broken apart,

and reassembled to make striking

visual (but abstract) reality.

> We

see the same form from different

angles simultaneously; top, bottom,

side, and frontal views may be

combined into one image.

> Figure and ground are treated in the

same way and have equal weight in

the composition, blending togetherinto a coherent whole.

EXPRESSIONISM - Early 20th

Century

DIE BRUCKE The Bridge

> A group

entirely in sympathy with Freuds goal

of probing the unconscious and hoped

to take the process one step further

to translate their inner explorationsinto a meaningful art.

>The painting styles of the

Expressionist artists are often

dissimilar, but their thread of

connection is the desire to probe their

deepest emotions and to express

those emotions in their work.

>The expressionist are pessimistic

about the human condition in general

that is, about life itself.

Edvard Munch. Death Chamber

DADA and SURREALISM - After

World War I


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DADAISM

> A reaction against the

unprecedented carnage of the world

war.

>They believed that any civilization

that could tolerate such brutality mustbe swept away, and all institutions,

including the traditional art, along with

it.

Marcel DuChamp. L.H.O.O.Q

SURREALISM

> An art based in the unconscious,

often taking its subject matter and its

imagery from dreams to fantasies.

> Pure psychic automation by whichone intends to express verbally, in

writing, or by other method, the real

functioning of the mind.

Salvador Dali. The Persistence of Time

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