the gilded age the gilded age also known as the golden age but was it really golden??? what would...

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Page 1: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…
Page 2: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

The Gilded AgeThe Gilded AgeThe Gilded AgeThe Gilded Age

The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age

But was it really Golden???

What would cause it to NOT be Golden?

Corruption… political scandal… patronage… etc…

Page 3: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Well-Defined Voting Well-Defined Voting BlocsBlocs

Well-Defined Voting Well-Defined Voting BlocsBlocs

DemocraticBloc

DemocraticBloc

RepublicanBloc

RepublicanBloc

White southerners(preservation ofwhite supremacy)

Catholics

Recent immigrants(esp. Jews)

Urban working poor (pro-labor)

Most farmers

Northern whites(pro-business)

African Americans

Northern Protestants

Old WASPs (supportfor anti-immigrant laws)

Most of the middleclass

Page 4: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Two-Party “Balance”Two-Party “Balance”Two-Party “Balance”Two-Party “Balance”

Page 5: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Very Laissez Faire Very Laissez Faire Federal Govt.Federal Govt.

Very Laissez Faire Very Laissez Faire Federal Govt.Federal Govt. From 1870-1900 Govt. did

verylittle domestically.

Main duties of the federal govt.:

Deliver the mail.

Maintain a national military.

Collect taxes & tariffs.

Conduct a foreign policy.

Page 6: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

5. The Presidency as a 5. The Presidency as a Symbolic OfficeSymbolic Office

5. The Presidency as a 5. The Presidency as a Symbolic OfficeSymbolic Office

Party bosses ruled.

Voting system was

extremely corrupt and

unethical.

The President justdoled out federal jobs.

1865 53,000 people worked for the federal govt.

1890 166,000 “ “ “ “ “ “

Senator Roscoe Conkling

Page 7: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1880 Presidential 1880 Presidential Election: RepublicansElection: Republicans

1880 Presidential 1880 Presidential Election: RepublicansElection: Republicans

Half BreedsHalf Breeds StalwartsStalwarts

Sen. James G. Blaine Sen. Roscoe Conkling (Maine) (New York)

James A. Garfield Chester A. Arthur (VP)

compromise

Page 8: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1880 1880 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

1880 1880 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

Page 9: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1881: Garfield 1881: Garfield Assassinated!Assassinated!1881: Garfield 1881: Garfield Assassinated!Assassinated!

Charles Guiteau:I Am a Stalwart, and Arthur is President now!

Page 10: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Charles GuiteauCharles GuiteauCharles GuiteauCharles Guiteau

Page 11: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Pendleton Act (1883)Pendleton Act (1883)Pendleton Act (1883)Pendleton Act (1883)

Civil Service Act.

The “Magna Carta” of civil service reform.

1883 14,000 out of117,000 federal govt.jobs became civilservice exam positions.

1900 100,000 out of 200,000 civil service federal govt. jobs.

Page 12: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Republican Republican “Mugwumps”“Mugwumps”

Republican Republican “Mugwumps”“Mugwumps” Reformers who wouldn’t re-

nominateChester A. Arthur.

Social Darwinists.

Laissez faire government to them:

Favoritism & the spoils system seen as govt. intervention in society.

Their target was political corruption, not social or economic reform!

Page 13: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1884 Presidential 1884 Presidential ElectionElection

1884 Presidential 1884 Presidential ElectionElection

Grover Cleveland James Blaine * (DEM) (REP)

Page 14: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

A Dirty A Dirty CampaignCampaign

A Dirty A Dirty CampaignCampaign

Ma, Ma…where’s my pa?He’s going to the White House, ha… ha… ha…!

Page 15: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

James G. BlaineJames G. BlaineJames G. BlaineJames G. Blaine

“Blaine, Blaine, James G. Blaine, that

continental liar from the State of Maine!”

Page 16: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1884 1884 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

1884 1884 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

Page 17: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Cleveland’s First Cleveland’s First TermTerm

Cleveland’s First Cleveland’s First TermTerm The “Veto Governor” from New

York.

First Democratic elected since 1856.

A public office is a public trust!

His laissez-faire presidency:

Opposed bills to assist the poor aswell as the rich.

Vetoed over 200 special pension billsfor Civil War veterans!

Page 18: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

The Tariff IssueThe Tariff IssueThe Tariff IssueThe Tariff Issue After the Civil War, Congress raised

tariffs to protect new US industries.

Big business wanted to continue this;consumers did not.

1885 tariffs earned the US $100 mil. in surplus!

President Cleveland’s view on tariffs????

Tariffs became a major issue in the 1888presidential election.

Page 19: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1888 Presidential 1888 Presidential ElectionElection

1888 Presidential 1888 Presidential ElectionElection

Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison (DEM) * (REP)

Page 20: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1888 1888 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

1888 1888 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

Page 21: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Disposing the Disposing the SurplusSurplus

Disposing the Disposing the SurplusSurplus

Page 22: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Changing Public Changing Public OpinionOpinion

Changing Public Changing Public OpinionOpinion Americans wanted the federal govt. to

dealwith growing soc. & eco. problems & to curbthe power of the trusts:

Interstate Commerce Act – 1887

Sherman Antitrust Act – 1890

McKinley Tariff – 1890

Based on the theory that prosperityflowed directly from protectionism.

Increased already high rates another 4%!

Rep. Party suffered big losses in 1890 (evenMcKinley lost his House seat!).

Page 23: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1892 Presidential 1892 Presidential ElectionElection

1892 Presidential 1892 Presidential ElectionElection

Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison again! * (DEM) (REP)

Page 24: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

1892 1892 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

1892 1892 Presidential Presidential

ElectionElection

Page 25: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Cleveland Loses Cleveland Loses Support Fast!Support Fast!

Cleveland Loses Cleveland Loses Support Fast!Support Fast! The only President to serve two

non-consecutive terms.

Blamed for the 1893 Panic.

Defended the gold standard.

Used federal troops in the 1894Pullman strike.

Refused to sign the Wilson-GormanTariff of 1894.

Repealed the Sherman Silver Purchase Act.

Page 26: The Gilded Age The Gilded Age also known as the Golden Age But was it really Golden??? What would cause it to NOT be Golden? Corruption… political scandal…

Now What???Now What???Now What???Now What??? Responses to the Politics of the

Gilded Age

Populist Party and the Election of 1896- William Jennings Bryan versus William McKinley

Lincoln Steffen’s: The Shame of the City

Thomas Nast: Political Cartoons

Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson- Progressivism