The Future of Weed ED PEACHEY

s

Rhubarb

Vegetable Screening Trial oNew products

oOrganic products

oOld products

New and Potential Labels o Reflex on squash, beans, and edamame

Trending

Disclaimer

Please take note….not all herbicides or uses discussed in this presentation are registered.

rhubarb

National and Regional Stats (USDA 2012)

National production 1100 A 1st Oregon 482 2nd WA 122 3rd WI 65 Clackamas 302 Pierce county WA. 162

Weed Control in Rhubarb

I. Recent Labels ◦ Callisto (2008)

◦ Sandea (2010)

◦ Caparol (2012)

◦ Quinstar (2012)

◦ Lorox (2014)

◦ Zeus (Dec, 2015)

Herbicide Max use rate #/A

Cost/A

1 Casoron CS 1.4 gal $ 93

2 Sandea +COC 1 oz $ 35

3 Callisto +COC 6 oz $ 27

4 Devrinol 8 lbs $ 90

5 Caparol +COC 4 pt $ 27

6 Kerb 4 lbs $ 149

7 Dual Magnum 1.33 pt $ 15

8 Zeus +COC 10 oz $ 64

9 Lorox+COC 3 lbs $ 65

10 Quinstar+COC 12.6 oz $ 21

Rhubarb Weed Control Demonstration Plot

2x Casoron

2x Sandea

2x Callisto

2x Devrinol

2x Caparol

2x Kerb

2x Dual Magnum

2x Zeus

2x Lorox C

a

s

S

a

n

C

a

l

l

D

e

v

C

a

p

K

e

r

b

D

M

a

g

Z

e

u

s

L

o

r

o

x

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Experiment Initiated Jan 6, 2015

Report in hardcopy available today

Effect of herbicides on weed control and growth when averaged over all other treatments

Callisto

Caparol

Casaron Devrinol

DualMag

Kerb

Lorox

Sandea

Zeus

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

15.0

16.0

17.0

60 70 80 90 100

Rhubarb petiole

wt (lbs/plot)

Weed control May 8 (%)

Summary

The greatest yield was Caparol at the 2x rate.

Casoron provided the best control followed by Lorox, Sandea, and Zeus.

Weed control was a primary determinant of yield.

Casoron may have injured rhubarb.

2014: Lorox (supplemental label)

Zeus (2015) SULFENTRAZONE

FMC

Weeds controlled by Zeus

Preemergence ◦Broadleaves and grasses

Postemergence ◦Broadleaves to 6 in. ◦Grasses to 2 in. ◦Adjuvant increases activity

Zeus

PPO inhibitor = Gr 14

Related herbicides: ◦Goal

◦Aim

◦Reflex

◦Cobra

Dormant rhubarb only

80 day PHI

One application at no more than 8 oz/A

Zeus rates: 4.5 to 8 fl oz/A

How did Zeus perform?

How did Zeus perform (10 oz/A)?

Species Zeus will control Yield

Dormant rhubarb only

80 day PHI

One application at no more than 8 oz/A

Herbicide Screening in Fresh Market Crops

2015, NWREC

Focus and objectives

1. Organic potential, stale seed bed systems

2. New products •HPPD herbicides

•Tolpyralate (ISK, sweet corn)

•Bicyclopyrone (Syngenta, sweet corn, premix currently)

3. New uses for old products

Methods

•33 herbicide treatments

•30 vegetable crops •3 replications •2 flea beetle sprays •0 cabbage maggot sprays •not enough irrigation •2 field days

Stale Seed-bed with Organic Potential

Treatment Herbicide Conc.

Caparylic and

capric acids

Suppress 3 and 6%

d-Limonene Nature's Avenger 10 and 20%

Acetic acid Weed Pharm (20%)

non crop, not org

50 and 100%

Newer products (HPPD herbicides)

8 Acuron 2 qt POST 23-Jun

9 - Bicyclopyrone 3.8 oz PRE 1-Jun 10 - Bicyclopyrone 2.5 oz POST 23-Jun

11 SL573 Tolpyralate 1.5 oz PRE 1-Jun 12 SL573 Tolpyralate 1 oz POST 23-Jun

13 Laudis Tembotrione 1 oz POST 23-Jun

14 Impact Topramezone 0.5 oz POST 23-Jun

15 Callisto Mesotrione 4 oz PRE 1-Jun 16 Callisto Mesotrione 2 oz POST 23-Jun

New Uses, Old Products Caparol Prometryn 1 pt PRE, POST Command Clomazone 0.4 pt PRE Devrinol Napropamide 4 lb PRE Dual Magnum S-metolachlor 8 oz PRE Lorox Linuron 1 lb PRE/POST Outlook Dimethenamid-P 4.8 oz PRE Prefar Bensulide 6 qu PRE Prowl H2O Pendimethalin 16 oz PRE Tough Pyridate 15 oz POST Reflex Fomesafen 8 oz PRE/Post Zidua Pyroxasulfone 0.75 oz PRE Reflex Fomesafen 8 oz POST Spartan Sulfentrazone 3 oz PRE Treflan Trifluralin 1.5 pt PPI

Vegetable Var

I Arugula Garden Rocket

Bok Choi Joi Choi

Broccoli raab Spring Raab

Chinese cabbage (Napa) Penda

II Collard Blue Knight

Mustard spinach Mizuna

Kale Dwarf Blue Curled Scotch

Mustard greens Southern Great Curled

III Turnip top greens Topper

Broccoli Arcadia

Cabbage Golden Acre

Cauliflower Early Snowball

IV Radish Solito

Rutabaga Purple Top Yellow

Kohlrabi Korist

Turnip Purple Top White Globe

Vegetable Var

V Lettuce, Leaf Red Sails

Lettuce, Head Little Gem

Chicory Castelfranco Variegated

Endive Frisee

VI Cilantro Kiesaro

Parsley Dark Green Italian

Carrot Yaya

Parsnips NA

VII Cucumber Thunder

Zucchini Noche

VIII Spinach Renegade

Swiss chard Green Silverado

Beets Red Cloud

IX Leeks Giant Musselburg

Green onions SSR B10

Knob onion Casper

Seed crops

Crop Var

X Alyssum Carpet of snow

Bachelor button NA

Poppy Shirley

Phacelia NA

What we learned: Stale seedbeds

Herbicide Timing Rate Pig

weed

Hairy

Night

shade

Lambs-

quarte

rs

Shep

herds

purse

Compo

site

rating

lb ai/A ------------% control------------

1 Suppress Caprylic+

Capric acid EPOST 3% 37 27 0 33 37

2 LPOST 6% 3 3 3 3 3

3 Weed Pharm Acetic acid,

20% EPOST 50% 10 0 0 0 0

4 LPOST 100% 0 0 0 0 0

5 Nature’s

Avenger

d limo-

nene

EPOST 10% 0 0 0 0 0

LPOST 20% 0 0 0 0 3

6

July 1

Dual Magnum

Atrazine

Callisto (HPPD)

Bicyclopyrone (HPPD)

Acuron

Syngenta

Corn only

New HHPD herbicides

Bicyclopyrone (Syngenta)

Tolpyralate (ISK)

Soil residual HPPD herbicides

Selectivity in onions, carrots, others?

Bro

ccoli

Raab

Bok

Ch

oi

Ch

ines

e C

ab

bage

Mu

st S

pin

ach

Kale

Mu

st G

reen

s

Tu

rnip

Top

Bro

ccoli

Cau

lifl

ow

er

Cab

bage

Ru

tab

aga

Rad

ish

Koh

lrab

i

Tu

rnip

Bicyc PRE

Bicyc POST

Tolp PRE

Tolp POST

Cole crops

Cil

an

tro

Cu

cum

ber

Zu

cch

ini

Lee

ks

Gre

en O

nio

ns

Kn

ob

On

ion

Bach

elor

Bu

tton

Pop

py

Bicyc PRE

Bicyc POST

Tolp PRE

Tolp POST

Other crops

Alyssum B button Poppy Phacelia

Brassicaceae, Asteraceae, Papaveracea, Boraginaceae

Other crops of interest

•Caparol on cucurbits

•Prefar across the board

•Pyridate on alliums

•Prowl H20 and Spartan on many brassica crops

Greenhouse study, Nutsedge

Basagran alternatives for nutsedge control?

Pyridate

Bicyclopyrone

Postemergence nutsedge control

Check Pyridate

0.6 lb ai

Basagran

Reflex

Bicyclopyrone

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Nutsedge control

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Expanding uses of Reflex

April 15, 2015 24C, SLN County specific Summer and Winter Squash

Potential use of Reflex in other cucurbits

Butternut

Dec., 23 2015

Reflex Application Timing Phyto Harvest

Timing Date 30-Jul Pod wt Pod

grade 0-10 t/A % 1-4

1 Post plant surface 6-Jul 0 9.2 53

2 At soil cracking 14-Jul 0.3 9.4 50

3 1st tri 20-Jul 3.0 9.4 60

4 2nd tri 28-Jul 4.0 10.2 49

5 Non treated - 0 10.2 59

Snap Bean Response to Reflex Herbicide 2015

1. Must be activated with water shortly after planting.

2. ‘Setting’ herbicide will avoid potential injury from splashing.

Using Reflex Herbicide

3. Use caution when applying on soils with low CEC (especially butternut, zucchini)

4. Avoid applying Reflex before long cold and wet periods.

5. Alternate year 1 pt applications.

Using Reflex Herbicide

Carryover Concerns

Brassica (cabbage), Corn, Wheat (4 months)

Table beets injured

Crop response at 12 months (2013)

Crop injury from Reflex carryover

(2014)

0102030405060708090

100

% in

jury

Reflex 1 pt Reflex 2 pt

0 0 0

Reflex applied May, 2014; Follow crops planted Oct 10

TRENDING

Is a new ‘mode of action’ warranted?

Consolidation of registrants (DowPont)

Resistant weed species in the Midwest

Cost of labor

Demand for organic

Hagie Cover Crop Interseeder (CCI) heads to the field for a seeding demonstration.

Photo credit: James DeDecker, MSU Extension

Can interseeding/ relay planting improve control of resistant species?

Ag Progress Days, PSU Corey Dillon

Cover crops in W OR Extra time needed in fall

Energy intensive

Cost of seed and energy

Loosens soil

Slug habitat

Other pests if not managed properly

Biggest Challenge

= late harvest

= late seeding

= slugs

= poor cover crop survival and productivity

Multi-function planter

◦Seed, herbicide, fertilizer

Nov 6

Cover crop survival (Dec 22)

V4

V6

V8

V4

Jan 8

The world of machines

Row flamer

Flaming onions

High clearance corn cultivator

The Bourquin Organic Weed Puller

Precision spray systems

Pictures courtesy of Richard Smith, UC Davis

Pictures courtesy of Richard Smith, UC Davis

Broadcast soil heating to kill weeds and pests

Band steaming in the row

1/20/2016

2000 KW bed steamer with 13 tines

Robots

Robotic Steamer 6 minute stops 2.5 inch soil sterilization