The Future ofThe Future ofthe Special Librarythe Special Library

Computers in Libraries

Washington, D.C.

March 16, 2005

R. James King

James.King@nrl.navy.mil

Ruth H. Hooker Research Library

U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

DisclaimerDisclaimer

These slides represent the work and opinions of the presenter and do not necessarily constitute official positions of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) or the U.S. Navy.

References to any specific commercial products by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by NRL or the U.S. Navy.

“No sensible decision can be made any longer without taking into account not only the world as it is, but the world as it will be.”

-Isaac Asimov

OutlineOutline

Quick historical perspectiveDescription of NRL Research LibraryVision of future through three new units:

– Information Resources & Services– Naval Research Results– Digital Library Development

Other future trends

Oral teaching, students of the greats

Manuscripts to extend voice and life of teaching

Type from printing presses in 18th century to speed creation and dissemination

Digital and web to restore wide dissemination

Evolution of Scholarly CommunicationEvolution of Scholarly Communication

Main Campus - Washington, D.C.3,000 Federal Employees [1,500 Scientists & Engineers]

1,000 On-site contractors

130-acre Campus 116 Buildings

Subject FocusPhysics, Chemistry, Electronics, Oceanography, Meteorology, Space Sciences

Remote Campuses

Stennis, MS; Monterey, CA; and Office of Naval Research

The Navy and Marine Corps’The Navy and Marine Corps’Corporate Research FacilityCorporate Research Facility

Innovation in the NRL Library Innovation in the NRL Library (Pre-Web)(Pre-Web)

1960’s Punched Card Batch Circulation System

1970’s Searching of Online Databases

1981 Integrated Online Library Catalog

1983 Network/Dial-in Access to Library Catalog

1986 Automated Reports Catalog

1988 *Lending of Microcomputer Software

Self-service CD-ROM searching in Library

1989 *Prototype Research Reports Imaging System

1992 *InfoNet Campus-wide Information System* = cutting edge service

Innovation in the NRL Library Innovation in the NRL Library (Web era)(Web era)

1994 *Library Web site created

1995 *TORPEDO introduced w/APS journals

1996 Contents-to-Go e-mail alerts introduced

*Web-based Library Catalog released

1997 All InfoNet resources migrated to Web

*Web of Science released to NRLA members

2001 TORPEDO Ultra v2 and InfoWeb v2

2003 NRL Online Bibliography introduced

2005 TORPEDO Ultra surpasses 5M articles* = cutting edge service

NRL Research LibraryNRL Research LibraryMission & VisionMission & Vision

The Ruth H. Hooker Research Library exists to enhance & support NRL scientists in

accomplishing their research objectives across a range of ongoing Navy and DoD

programs through a mix of information services.

“Your Partner in Research”

Information Resources & ServicesInformation Resources & ServicesProviding access to all published information…Providing access to all published information…

•Journals (including digital transition)Journals (including digital transition)•Books & Conference ProceedingsBooks & Conference Proceedings•Reference ToolsReference Tools•Reference ServicesReference Services

Journal CollectionJournal Collection

Journals: • Print journals (1800-present, 1,682 titles)• Online journals (1683-present, 2,574 titles)• TORPEDO Ultra (1895-present, 2,200 titles)

• Directly deal with 180 individual journal publishers with 50+ content licenses per year

Journal Collection EvolutionJournal Collection Evolution

0

500

1000

1500

2000

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FY91 FY92 FY93 FY94 FY95 FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05

Print journal Online journal

Potential Future of Journal Potential Future of Journal SubscriptionsSubscriptions

Mix of Open Access and For Fee Journals More targeted subscriptions with fees/access

based upon specific subgroups within organization Larger consortial agreements to provide larger

potential pool of titles with broader cost distribution

Archival subscription for core, shared access for important, and Document Delivery for rest

Books & Conference ProceedingsBooks & Conference Proceedings

• Books/Proceedings – 46,000 print titles with 8,700+ eBooks

• Primary conference proceedings publishers are SPIE, MRS, AIP, and IEEE

• RFIDs on entire book/reference collection

Reference ToolsReference Tools

• Print reference – 3,000 titles (Who’s Who, encyclopedia, handbooks, citation indexes, Chemical Abstracts, etc.)

• Online reference/databases – 3,000 titles (INSPEC, Web of Science, SciFinder, Scopus, etc.)

Naval Research ResultsNaval Research ResultsCapturing the NRL Research portfolio…Capturing the NRL Research portfolio…

•Research ReportsResearch Reports•NRL Published Research ResultsNRL Published Research Results•Reports Reference ServicesReports Reference Services

Research ReportsResearch Reports

Print (unclassified and classified) – 600,000 reports

Digitized (SIPRnet) – 200,000 reportsMicrofilm – 1.5M reports

Focusing on digitizing all 80k NRL reports (currently have 30k digitized)

Capturing corporate knowledgeCapturing corporate knowledge

Manage a new form of information, the quasi-published corporate document

Volume necessitates a mix of automated and manual processes

Merge the unpublished and published information silos

Embed rights language into documents

NRL Online BibliographyNRL Online Bibliography

NIH ProposalNIH Proposal

Require all NIH grant recipients to deposit final draft of article into PUBMED Central

PUBMED will make article available to public 6 months after publication unless publisher allows sooner

Zerhouni’s motivation: Research Portfolio Management

Open AccessOpen Access

Goal: To provide free access to all scholarly literature to enhance research

Journal Focus: Changing journals to free public access through author fees or ‘brief’ embargo windows

Institution Focus: Capturing all pre-published literature created by an institution or on behalf of a funding body

Digital Library Development Digital Library Development Creating the NRL Digital Library…Creating the NRL Digital Library…

•Digital Content ManagementDigital Content Management•Web Services DevelopmentWeb Services Development •InfrastructureInfrastructure

TORPEDO TORPEDO UltraUltra Digital Archive Digital Archive

2,100+ journals from 13 publishers

6,000 tech reports 4.0M+ articles locally

loaded Full content search across

journals & reports Integrated citation linking Convera RetrievalWare

Concept Searching

Sources of TORPEDO Sources of TORPEDO UltraUltra Content Content

Agency publications– NRL tech reports and press releases

In-house digitizing projects– Cooperative efforts with AIP, APS, OSA

Data licensed from publishers– Journals (AIP, APS, Elsevier, IEEE/IEE, IoP, Kluwer)– Conference proceedings– Standards

Publishers in TORPEDO Publishers in TORPEDO UltraUltraLoaded or in processLoaded or in process

• Academic Press

• Acoustical Society of America

• American Institute of Physics

• American Physical Society

• American Meteorological Society

• Cell Press

• Elsevier

• IEEE/IEE

• Institute of Physics

• Kluwer

• Materials Research Society

• Optical Society of America

• Wiley

Two possible paths for Integrated Two possible paths for Integrated Library SystemsLibrary Systems

Realizing previous goal of completeness:– Source of/participation in Single Search – Easier integration/organization of digital content– Intelligent linking of content– Union and Virtual Catalogs

Continued marginalization:– Legacy repository for print-based materials– Print-based serials check in– Circulation module for print-based materials

NRL Master Journal DatabaseNRL Master Journal Database

Core journal info: – Title(s) and subject(s)– Formats and holdings– Full content links

Current and planned uses:– Source/engine of eJournal pages on Web– Administration of journal subscriptions– Navy-wide union catalog of journals– Foundation for linking services

Navy Journal InformationNavy Journal InformationManagement System (N-JIMS)Management System (N-JIMS)

Web-based, dynamic union catalog of journal information

Expands service to be comprehensiveSimplify inter-organizational data sharingProvides linking services

Naval Knowledge Network PlansNaval Knowledge Network Plans

Expansion of existing NRL products/services– Web site with Navy Library Directory– N-JIMS and TORPEDO Ultra– Table of Contents Alerting Services

Integration of various applications– Single search, intelligent linking, etc.– Web-based Subject Bibliography– N/MCI compliant Library Catalog

Wireless StandardsWireless Standards

Standard Speed

802.11a 54Mbps

802.11b “Wi-Fi” 11Mbps

802.11g 54Mbps

802.15 “Bluetooth” & PAN Up to 20Mbsp

802.16 “Wi-Max” 54Mbps+

Radio Frequency ID (RFID)

MESH Networks

NRL RFID ImplementationNRL RFID Implementation Deployed 50,000+ digital tags to book and

reference collection Finished initial tagging in ~6 months Allows shelf reading in a couple days Checks for weeding candidates, mis-shelved,

holds, and ‘missing’ material with one pass Equipment needed:

– Self-checkout upgrade– Cataloging station– Handheld reader with ‘triage’ cart

NRL Wireless LAN DeploymentNRL Wireless LAN Deployment

NRL Networking deployed ‘hot spots’ in conference center, cafeteria, and library

Will run on external network allowing access to Internet, but not to internal LAN

Library purchasing wireless-enabled laptopsEquipment deployed but not yet activated

WardrivingWardriving

http://www.mindshadow.net/about/wardriving/master_map.jpg

The Future… LocationThe Future… Location

e911 – location information coded into all phones

OnStar – location and situation based response to emergencies

Instant Messaging – ability to know when at computer

Interactive cell phones – instant virtual interest matching service

The Future… Flexible displaysThe Future… Flexible displays

The Future… ConvergenceThe Future… Convergence