the future of industrial engineers prof. robert minovski, phd skopje, september, 2011 aim conference...
TRANSCRIPT
The Future of Industrial Engineers
Prof. Robert Minovski, PhD
Skopje, September, 2011
AIM Conference “Enterprise Restructuring/Improvement”
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Content
Part 1:Presentation of the Division of the IE&M
Part 2: The Future of Industrial Engineers The Future of Industrial Engineering The Future of the Education of Industrial
Engineers The Future Demand for Industrial Engineers
General Conclusion
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Part 1:Presentation of the Division of the IE&M
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Part 1:Presentation of our Division of IE&MFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Structure
Total number of students ~ 2000
Enrollment in 2011 ~ 300
Teaching staff 64
FACULTY OF
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
Computing and
other technical
support
Administration
Institute of
Manufacturing
Engineering
Institute of
Thermo technique
and Thermo energy
Institute of
Hydraulic,
Pneumatic and
Automation
Institute of
Mechanization
Machines and
Vehicles
Institute of Welding
and Welding
Constructions
Institute of
Mechanics
Section of
Mathematics and
Informatics
Division: Industrial
Engineering and
Management
Division:
Metal cutting
Machines and
Processes
Division:
Deformation
Technology
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Our Mission
to contribute to the development, management and overall improvements of the manufacturing and servicing organizations
through
relevant regular and continuous education, research and technology transfer, collaborating with experts in different fields
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Division of Industrial Engineering and Management: Activities
Research Applied Projects
• Enterprise Restructuring• Factory Planning• Implementation of
New Technologies• Continuous Improvement• Investment Planning• Business Start-Up• Quality Management• Logistics and SCM• Process optimization• . . .
• Methodology for Enterprise
Restructuring• CAPP• IS• Technical Investment Planning• Organizational Design• Capacity Planning• HRM• PPC• . . .
Education
• Manufacturing systems• Operations research• Management• Project Management• Product Development• Work Study• Management of
Technology• Entrepreneurship and
Small Business• Modeling and Simulation• . . .
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Part 2: The Future of Industrial Engineers The Future of Industrial Engineering
Definition of IE Brief overview of the history of IE Brief overview of the present status of IE Future directions of IE Development of the methods on the example of the
Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) The importance of the PMS Our work connected with PMS and enterprise restructuring Our future work on PMS and enterprise restructuring
The Future of Education of Industrial Engineers The Future Demand for Industrial Engineers
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Definition of Industrial Engineering
to increase/maximiz
e productivity through the
management of people, methods
of business organization, and
technology
to design or to improvement
systems for the physical
distribution of goods and
services and to determine the most efficient
plant locations.
to design or to improvement
systems for the physical
distribution of goods and
services and to determine the most efficient
plant locations.
to develop methods
for handling
and transporting materials
to increase
/ maximiz
e efficienc
y
redesign and standardizatio
n of manufacturing processes
to eliminate worker fatigue
determine the product
requirements.
develop wage and salary
administration systems and
job evaluation programs
develop management
control systems to
aid in financial
planning and cost analysis
development of
production planning
and control procedures
design production
planning and control
systems to coordinate
activities and ensure product quality
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Industrial Engineering is dealing with the
optimization of systems and processes (in given
circumstances)
In few words I would say that
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
General Hipo(thesis)
The basic ideas connected with the IE stays the same
they are completely the same as the initial ones and no changes in that direction are expected
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Brief overview of the IE history (1) Non-formal, very early beginnings may be
located with the cognitive functioning of the people
The real beginnings are connected with the industrial revolution
For the first time the term “Industrial Engineering” appears in 1901 in the journal “The Engineering Magazine” by James Guin
The fundamental breakthroughs are made by the people like Taylor and Gilbreth
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Brief overview of the IE history (2) First implementation was associated with
the production organizations and direct workers
In the 70-ies and 80-ies in the last century serious introduction of the mathematical tools occurred – Operational Research are becoming a part of every serious course of IE
First steps toward implementation of IE for indirect work places were done, together with the implementation in service organizations
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Brief overview of the present situation of IE
Customer satisfaction Globalization
Increased DYNAMIC of the market
Changes in the functioning of the organizations
New approach to the quality Time becomes one of the most
important competitive factors Change in the treatment of the
labor force Flexible approach to the
customer demands Innovativeness is in the focus
...
Technological
development (Internet and other technologies)
The fall of socialist regimes, ...
Implementation of new methods in different fields
of the functioning of organizations
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
New approaches that are now implemented in IE ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) CRM (Customer Relationship
Management) SCM (Supply Chain Management) BI (Business Intelligence) SD (Systems Dynamic) SaaS (Software as a Service) …
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
The future of IE - General Hipo(thesis)
The basic idea connected with the IE stays the same
it is completely the same as the initial one and no changes in that direction are expected
What will be changed is: New methods that will be applied New (non-typical) areas of
implementation New types of organizations
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
New methods
Future demands Greater accuracy Bigger speed More complex organizations
Methods with more solid mathematical background
More intensive utilization of IT
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
New non-typical areas
Type of organization
Type of workers Typical areas
manufacturing
service
typical
non-typicaldirect
indirect
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Why there and why now?
Same principles of IE can be applied in those industries
Over-saturation (to some extent) of the implementation of the IE in traditional/typical areas
Extreme growth of the turnover in some non-typical industries, like sports and entertainment
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Some examples of Sports Business Management study programs
University University of Central Florida
http://web.bus.ucf.edu/sportbusiness/?page=929
California State University--Long Beach
http://www.csulb.edu/colleges/chhs/programs/sports-management/overview/program-description/
Title Master's in Sport Business Management Master of Arts in KinesiologyOption: Sport Management
Offered Courses
Organizational Behavior and Development (3.0) Applied Business Research Tools (3.0) Managerial Accounting Analysis (3.0) Economic Analysis of the Firm (3.0) Leadership in Sport (1.5) Strategic Marketing Management (3.0) Applied Strategy and Business Policy (3.0) Strategic Financial Management (3.0) Moral and Ethical Issues in Sport (1.5) Diversity and Social Issues in Sport (1.5) Strategic Supply Chain Management (3.0) Professional Sport Industry (1.5) or Intercollegiate Sport
Industry (1.5) Professional Selling in Sport (3.0) or Facilities and
Event Management (3.0) Global Environment in Sport (3.0) Sport Law (3.0) Strategic Sport Marketing (3.0) Business of Sport Media (3.0) Internship (3.0)
Foundations of Sport Management (3 units) Sport in U.S. Culture (3 units) Facility and Event Planning in Sport (3 units) Sport Marketing, Fundraising, and Development (3 units) Sport Finance ( 3 units) Research Methods (3 units) Legal and Ethical Issues in Sport (3 units) Literature in Sport Management (3 units) Sport Management Internships (6 units Internships, 3 units
Field Studies) Sport Management Capstone Preparation (3 units)
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
New types of companies
Type of organization
Type of workers Company size
manufacturing
service
big
mediumdirect
indirectsmall & micro
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Why there and why now?
Small and micro organizations are dealing with less complex problems in general
They have limited resources, especially in man-power
Over-saturation of the implementation of the IE in big and (to some extent) in medium enterprises
Many IE approaches can be modified and delivered to small and micro organizations in the similar way as SaaS
The big number of small and micro organizations
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) Why PMS?
They are the backbone of the continuous improvement which makes them important and connected with several other approaches, like:
Enterprise Restructuring TQM BI Simulation etc.
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
COMPASS (methodology for enterprise restructuring) – basic idea
GAP ANALYSIS -I/P MATRIXES
consistency of the strategy goals andthe performance measures
Insight in the enterprise doing
Goals of the strategy
Strategy
Top management
Customer demands
Perfor-mance
Measure-ment
Bench-marking
Ana-lysis
Actions for improvement of thesituation
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SISTEM
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
COMPASS – the PMS model
Main mission of theenterprise
Maximising the profit
Customer satisfaction -demands
ConstraintsResponds tothe demands
Wide product mixspecific demandsstandard demands
Qualityproduct qualityqualityservice qualitydelivery quality
financialproduct price
Timetime for delivery
Ecologyre-cycling
...
Economicalconstraintsprofitabilitycash flowcapital growthROImarket share
Legislative Social constraints
...
Purchasing Marketing R&D Design Manufacturing Quality management Logistics Maintenance PPC Assembly Sales ...
<=>
KEs and subKEs Time
duration reliability compressibility
Quality potentials performance accuracy
Flexibility product mix quantity innovation
Costs material labour equipment overhead
Productivity material labour facilities energy ...
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Future work on COMPASS
Implementation of more reliable and accurate methods for support of the generation of Success Factors Concurrent Markov Decision Processes (CMDP) -
modeling of certain subKEs Method of Minimal Squares (together with the
decision tree) - to make causal-effect analysis on certain subKEs in order to quantify the impact of certain influential factors
Improvement of the simulation part Discrete Event Simulation (DES) System Dynamic (SD) Hybrid Simulation Model
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Aplication of Method of Minimal Squares in COMPASS
Influential factor 11
Indicator I11
subKE1
Indicator R1
Influential factor 12
Indicator I12
Influential factor 21
Indicator I21 К11-1
К21-11
К21-1n
Level of subKE
First level of influential
factors
Second level of influential
factors
Influential factor 1n
Indicator I1n
К12-1
К1n-1
…
…
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Hybrid Simulation Model
Simulation model with DES
Simulation model with SD
Performance of competitiveness
indicator
Converting strategic goals to operational plan
Redefining the strategic plans according the operational performance
internal factors
operations
Importance of competitiveness
indicator
external factors
trend of the importance
Importance of competitiveness
indicator
Performance of competitiveness
indicator
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Part 2: The Future of Industrial Engineers The Future of Industrial Engineering The Future of the Education of Industrial
Engineers The Future Demand for Industrial Engineers
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
General directions
The education in the near future in general will continue to follow the idea of Competence Based Learning
Generic competences Specific competences
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
General Competences – some examples 1. Creativity (i.e. the ability to solve a problem in a new way)
2. Flexibility (i.e. ability to adapt and be open to new situations)
3. Teamwork and Relationship Building (i.e., ability to work in teams and to utilize appropriate interpersonal skills to build relationships with colleagues, team members and external stakeholders)
4. Critical/Analytical (i.e, ability to analyze problems and situations in a critical and logical manner)
5. Self and Time Management (i.e., ability to organize oneself, one’s time and schedule effectively and reliably)
6. Leadership (i.e., ability to take responsibility for a task, give direction, provide structure and assign responsibility to others)
7. Ability to see the bigger picture (i.e., ability to see how things are interconnected; ability to think both strategically and operationally, working across borders)
8. Presentation (i.e., ability to prepare and deliver effective presentations to different audiences)
9. Communication (i.e., The ability to communicate clearly and concisely, the ability to use communication skills to positively influence individual behaviour, using a range of verbal and written methods)
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Specific competences – some directions Solid basics of mathematics and IT Strengthening some of the core IE subjects, like
MoT, Modeling and Simulation, PPC, etc. Strengthening the corpus of competences that
will prepare industrial engineers for management positions, through subjects like General Management, Human Resource Management, Economical and Financial Aspects in Organizations, Marketing, Business Law and Negotiation, etc.
Some traditional subjects/courses may lose their strong importance and may be incorporated in other courses, like Work Study in PPC or Process Planning or Ergonomics, etc.
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Part 2: The Future of Industrial Engineers The Future of Industrial Engineering The Future of Education of Industrial
Engineers The Future Demand for Industrial Engineers
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Employment of industrial engineers (source:US Department of Labour, 2008)
Civil engineers 278,400
Mechanical engineers 238,700
Industrial engineers 214,800
Electrical engineers 157,800
Electronics engineers, except computer 143,700
Computer hardware engineers 74,700
Aerospace engineers 71,600
Environmental engineers 54,300
Chemical engineers 31,700
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors 25,700
Materials engineers 24,400
Petroleum engineers 21,900
Nuclear engineers 16,900
Biomedical engineers 16,000
Marine engineers and naval architects 8,500
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers 7,100
Agricultural engineers 2,700
Engineers, all other 183,200
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Avg. starting salary offers for BSc graduates in IE (source:US Department of
Labour, 2008)
Petroleum $83,121
Chemical 64,902
Mining and Mineral 64,404
Computer 61,738
Nuclear 61,610
Electrical/electronics and communications 60,125
Mechanical 58,766
Industrial/manufacturing 58,358
Materials 57,349
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical 56,311
Agricultural 54,352
Bioengineering and biomedical 54,158
Civil 52,048
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Predicted employment growth of industrial engineers (source:US Department of
Labour, 2008)
Occupational Title Employment, 2008Projected
Employment, 2018
Change,2008-18
Number Percent
Engineers 1,571,900 1,750,300 178,300 11
Aerospace engineers 71,600 79,100 7,400 10
Agricultural engineers 2,700 3,000 300 12
Biomedical engineers 16,000 27,600 11,600 72
Chemical engineers 31,700 31,000 -600 -2
Civil engineers 278,400 345,900 67,600 24
Computer hardware engineers 74,700 77,500 2,800 4
Electrical and electronics engineers 301,500 304,600 3,100 1
Electrical engineers 157,800 160,500 2,700 2
Electronics engineers, except computer 143,700 144,100 400 0
Environmental engineers 54,300 70,900 16,600 31
Industrial engineers, including health & safety engineers 240,400 273,700 33,200 14
Health & safety engineers, except mining safety engineers 25,700 28,300 2,600 10
Industrial engineers 214,800 245,300 30,600 14
Marine engineers and naval architects 8,500 9,000 500 6
Materials engineers 24,400 26,600 2,300 9
Mechanical engineers 238,700 253,100 14,400 6
Mining and geological eng., including mining safety engineers 7,100 8,200 1,100 15
Nuclear engineers 16,900 18,800 1,900 11
Petroleum engineers 21,900 25,900 4,000 18
All other engineers 183,200 195,400 12,200 7
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Conclusion on the future of the industrial engineers The demand for this profile will grow (at
least in the near future) due to the urging need of the enterprises to optimize their functioning through reduction of costs, increased productivity, etc.
This profile will become more complex - additional methods will be encompassed in IE
Vocational training and LLL approach will become more important
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Something extra
This conclusion will focus on possible activities of AIM
To establish a new journal on IEhttp://www.mesj.ukim.edu.mk
To work on defining a core competences that should be delivered by every EU University that gives education in IE
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” – Skopje, R. MacedoniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering - Division of IE&M -
Thank you for your attention
Prof. Robert MinovskiHead of the Institute of Production Engineering and
Management,
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius – Skopje