the future of diversity and inclusion: 4 next practices (2014 bahamas hrda conference)
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Slides from joe gerstandt keynote message delivered to the 2014 Bahamas Human Resource Development Association Annual Conference - The Future of Diversity and InclusionTRANSCRIPT
The Future of Diversity & Inclusion
BHRDA: TRANSFORMATION
“We need in every community a
group of angelic troublemakers.”
Bayard Rustin
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@jo
eg
ers
tan
dt
Hospital Corporation of America
Principal Financial
Experian Financial
Sletten Construction
Centric Consulting
ConAgra Foods
Target
Cox Communications
Navigant Consulting
Veridian Credit Union
Bankers Trust
Walmart
Alegent Health
Federal Aviation Administration
Progressive Insurance
Citizens Electric
Central Intelligence Agency
next practices
1.authenticity
2.decision making
3.relational networks
4.behavioral intelligence
Where shall we go from here?
next practices
1.authenticity
2.decision making
3.relational networks
4.behavioral intelligence
@joegerstandt
Top Regrets of The Dying
Bronnie Ware, palliative nurse
Top Regrets of The Dying
1. I wish I’d had the courage to live a life
true to myself, not the life others
expected of me.
2. I wish I hadn’t worked so hard.
3. I wish I’d had the courage to express
my feelings.
4. I wish I had stayed in touch with my
friends.
5. I wish that I had let myself be happier.
Top Regrets of The Dying
1. I wish I’d had the courage to live a life
true to myself, not the life others
expected of me.
2. I wish I hadn’t worked so hard.
3. I wish I’d had the courage to express
my feelings.
4. I wish I had stayed in touch with my
friends.
5. I wish that I had let myself be happier.
Top Regrets of The Dying
1. I wish I’d had the courage to live a life
true to myself, not the life others
expected of me.
2. I wish I hadn’t worked so hard.
3. I wish I’d had the courage to express
my feelings.
4. I wish I had stayed in touch with my
friends.
5. I wish that I had let myself be happier.
Top Regrets of The Dying
1. I wish I’d had the courage to live a life
true to myself, not the life others
expected of me.
2. I wish I hadn’t worked so hard.
3. I wish I’d had the courage to express
my feelings.
4. I wish I had stayed in touch with my
friends.
5. I wish that I had let myself be happier.
Top Regrets of The Dying
1. I wish I’d had the courage to live a life
true to myself, not the life others
expected of me.
2. I wish I hadn’t worked so hard.
3. I wish I’d had the courage to express
my feelings.
4. I wish I had stayed in touch with my
friends.
5. I wish that I had let myself be happier.
Top Regrets of The Dying
1. I wish I’d had the courage to live a life
true to myself, not the life others
expected of me.
2. I wish I hadn’t worked so hard.
3. I wish I’d had the courage to express
my feelings.
4. I wish I had stayed in touch with my
friends.
5. I wish that I had let myself be happier.
self censorship
playing small
covering
downplaying differences
conforming
playing into expectations
Fear of Being Different Stifles
Talent
61% of the survey participants said
they had faced overt or implicit
pressure to cover in some way
or to downplay their differences
from the mainstream
•29% altered their attire, grooming or
mannerisms to make their identity
less obvious
•40% refrained from behavior
commonly associated with a given
identity
•57% avoided sticking up for their
identity group
•18% limited contact with members of
a group they belong to
66% of these employees said that it
significantly undermined their
sense of self
50% stated that it diminished their
sense of commitment
low
belongingness
high
belongingness
low value in
uniqueness
high value in
uniqueness
low
belongingness
high
belongingness
low value in
uniqueness
high value in
uniqueness
inclusion:Individual is treated as
an insider and also
allowed/encouraged to
retain uniqueness within
the work group.
low
belongingness
high
belongingness
low value in
uniqueness
exclusion:Individual is not treated
as an organizational
insider with unique
value in the work group
but there are other
employees or groups
who are insiders.
high value in
uniqueness
inclusion:Individual is treated as
an insider and also
allowed/encouraged to
retain uniqueness within
the work group.
low
belongingness
high
belongingness
low value in
uniqueness
exclusion:Individual is not treated
as an organizational
insider with unique
value in the work group
but there are other
employees or groups
who are insiders.
high value in
uniqueness
differentiation:Individual is not treated
as an organizational
insider in the work
group but their unique
characteristics are seen
as valuable and required
for group / organization
success.
inclusion:Individual is treated as
an insider and also
allowed/encouraged to
retain uniqueness within
the work group.
low
belongingness
high
belongingness
low value in
uniqueness
exclusion:Individual is not treated
as an organizational
insider with unique
value in the work group
but there are other
employees or groups
who are insiders.
assimilation:Individual is treated as
an insider in the work
group when they conform
to org. / dominant culture
norms and downplay
uniqueness.
high value in
uniqueness
differentiation:Individual is not treated
as an organizational
insider in the work
group but their unique
characteristics are seen
as valuable and required
for group / organization
success.
inclusion:Individual is treated as
an insider and also
allowed/encouraged to
retain uniqueness within
the work group.
Is it safe to be
unpopular?
Is there a
penalty for
candor?
Are there
things we do
not discuss?
consider
culture… 1 - 10
What
needs to
change?
assimilation inclusion
Individual is treated
as an insider in the
work group when
they conform to org.
/ dominant culture
norms and
downplay
uniqueness.
Individual is treated
as an insider and
also allowed /
encouraged to
retain uniqueness
within the work
group.
1 10
do stuff!
• Start with yourself.
• Make “inclusion” more tangible.
• Reward initiative, expression & risk taking.
• Provide variety of ways to participate & share.
• Provide employees with more choice
– what to work on
– where & when to work
– who to work with
– how to dress
next practices
1.authenticity
2.decision making
3.relational networks
4.behavioral intelligence
@joegerstandt #SHRM14
These theorems that when
solving problems, diversity can
trump ability and that when
making predictions, diversity
matters just as much as ability
are not political statements.
They are mathematical
truths.-Scott Page
Group vs. Individual Decision Making
groups individuals
accuracy
speed
creativity
degree of
acceptance
efficiency
Group vs. Individual Decision Making
groups individuals
accuracy x
speed x
creativity x
degree of
acceptancex
efficiency x
Groups often fail to
outperform individuals
because they prematurely
move to consensus, with
dissenting opinions being
suppressed or dismissed.
-Hackman, Morris (1975) Advances in Experimental
Social Psychology
Group vs. Individual Decision Making
groups individuals
accuracy x
speed x
creativity x
degree of
acceptancex
efficiency x
g
r
o
u
p
t
h
i
n
k
groupthink:
mode of thinking that happens
when the desire for harmony in a
decision-making group overrides a
realistic appraisal of alternatives.
Group members try to minimize
conflict and reach a consensus
decision without critical evaluation
of alternative ideas or viewpoints.
consider
decision
making… 1 - 10
What
makes it
better?
Another quick chat…
Minority dissent, even
dissent that is wrong,
stimulates divergent thought.
Issues and problems are
considered from more
perspectives and group
members find more correct
answers.-Nemeth, Staw (1989) Advances in Experimental
Social Psychology
dysfunction
dysfunctional disagreement
dysfunctional agreement
also
dysfunction
If everyone is
thinking the same
thing, someone
isn’t thinking at all.-George S. Patton
dysfunctional disagreement
dysfunctional agreement
dysfunctional agreement
dysfunctional disagreement
dysfunctional agreement
dysfunctional agreement
always
disagree lack of
trust
personal
conflict
us vs.
them
dysfunctional disagreement
dysfunctional agreement
dysfunctional agreement
always
disagree lack of
trust
personal
conflict
us vs.
them
always
agreelack of
honesty
meeting
after the
meeting
avoid
conflict
dysfunctional disagreement
dysfunctional agreement
dysfunctional agreement
sweet
spot
Group intelligence is not strongly tied to either the average intelligence of the
members or the team’s smartest member.
-Thomas Malone, MIT Center for Collective Intelligence
do stuff!
• Explicit framework for decision
making and disagreement.
• Promote, teach, reward respectful
disagreement and assertive
communication.
• Conflict management as a
management competency.
low courage high courage
low
considerationpassive
aggressive
aggressive
high
considerationpassive assertive
passive:
• do not assert themselves
• allow others to deliberately or
inadvertently infringe on their rights
• fail to express their feelings, needs,
or opinions
• tend to speak softly or apologetically
• exhibit poor eye contact and slumped
body posture
aggressive:
• try to dominate others
• use humiliation to control others
• criticize, blame, or attack others
• speak in a loud, overbearing voice
• not listen well
• interrupt frequently
• use “you” statements
passive-aggressive:
• mutter to themselves rather than confront
the person or issue
• have difficulty acknowledging their anger
• use facial expressions that don't match
how they feel - i.e., smiling when angry
• use sarcasm
• appear cooperative while purposely doing
things to annoy and disrupt
• use subtle sabotage to get even
assertive:
• state needs, feelings and wants
clearly and respectfully
• use “I” statements
• listen well without interrupting
• have good eye contact
• speak in a calm, clear tone of voice
• have a relaxed body posture
• not allow others to abuse them
next practices
1.authenticity
2.decision making
3.relational networks
4.behavioral intelligence
@joegerstandt #SHRM14
consider a ten person team
1
2
4 5
9
3
876
10
1
9
7
6
5
2
3 8410
homophily: the tendency of
individuals to associate
and bond with similar others.
More than 100 studies have
observed homophily in some
form or another establishing that
similarity breeds connection.
These include age, gender, class,
and organizational role.
social network analysis
From time to time people discuss
important matters with other
people. Looking back over the
past six months, who are the
people with whom you discussed
matters important to you?
social network analysis
Consider the people you
communicate with in order to get
your work done. Of all the
people you have communicated
with during the last six months,
who has been the most important
for getting your work done?
social network analysis
Consider an important project or
initiative that you are involved in.
Consider the people who would be
influential for getting it approved
or obtaining the resources you
need. Who would you talk to, to
get the support you need?
social network analysis
Who do you socialize with?
(spending time with people after
work hours, visiting one another at
home, going to social events, out
for meals and so on) Over the last
6 months, who are the main people
with whom you have socialized
informally?
analysis
• group
• proximity
• expertise
• hierarchy
• gender
• age
• race
• ethnicity
analysis
• group
• proximity
• expertise
• hierarchy
• gender
• age
• race
• ethnicity
What do you have?
What do you have a
lot of?
What do you not
have?
What do you need to
do differently?
do stuff!
• Prioritize relationships.
• Make social time and space.
• Deliberate efforts to build
bridges.
• Social tools.
next practices
1.authenticity
2.decision making
3.relational networks
4.behavioral intelligence
@joegerstandt #SHRM14
It requires no hatred or fear to
assign meaning to the things
that we see, we do it
automatically.
The problem is that we forget,
do not realize, or deny that
this even happens.
stereotype
An idea or image; a mental
framework that contains our
knowledge, beliefs,
expectations and feelings
about a social group.
Stereotypes allow for no
individuality.
stereotype
waitress librarian
smoke
bowl
eat hamburgers
smoke
bowl
eat hamburgers
knit
wear glasses
eat salad
If you do not
intentionally,
include, you will
unintentionally
exclude.
When Performance Trumps Gender Bias: Joint versus
Separate Evaluation
Iris Bohnet
Alexandra van Geen
Max H. Bazerman
Harvard Business SchoolWorking Paper 12-083 | March, 2012
do stuff!
• Invite an accurate understanding of
human nature, including appreciation
for the fact that we are naturally
biased into your organization.
• Intentional efforts to mitigate bias in
decision making about individuals
(interviewing, hiring decisions,
evaluation, etc.)
be a
beginner
joegerstandt.comlinkedin.com/in/joegerstandt
youtube.com/joegerstandt
twitter.com/joegerstandt
slideshare.net/joeg
402.740.7081
Thank
you!