The future is electric, are you ready for it?

Omer GoldschmidtVP, Strategy and Business Development

About Optibus

• Helps transit agencies drive operational performance and efficiency

• Holistic Service-Planning platform on the cloud (SaaS)

• Chosen in more than 300 cities in North America, Europe and Asia

• Proven ability to improve efficiencies, operations and service quality

Poll

Does your agency has a plan in place to deploy EVs in the foreseeable future?

All-EV transit: fantasy or reality?

• The global e-bus fleet grew about 32% in 2018• China has almost 500K electric buses in daily use

• By 2025, one third of all European buses are expected to be electric

• North America begins experiments and deployments

• Regulations mandating a minimum amount of electric buses

• Major bus manufacturers joining the market

• More battery and e-bus options than ever

A cross-agency challenge

• Range: Less than traditional diesel buses

• Charging infrastructure and charging strategy

• Different electricity prices throughout the day

• Battery discharging rates are just a baseline

“Range anxiety” - Should we be worried?

• The energy density of batteries is below that of diesel

• Batteries don’t always work as advertised

• Batteries degrade over time

• What influences energy consumption?

New responsibilities for everyone involved

Planning infrastructure

Maintenanceinfrastructure

Charginginfrastructure

Financing

Rethinking roles and responsibilities

Maintenance Operations Planning & Scheduling

Reliable and fault-free buses Ensuring quality of service, dispatching management

Ensure reliable and efficient operations

Dealing with new buses, battery health and charging infrastructure

Managing charging events, energy management

Plan and optimize charging events to enable the service

Planning and scheduling is all about difficult operational tradeoffs

• Network and route plan

• Bus stops and depot locations

• Timetable alignment

• Vehicle type & capacity

• Collective labor agreements

• Regulatory requirements

• Performance KPIs

New parameters and constraints

• Vehicle type and capacity

• Battery type, usage and minimum levels

• Charger type and profile

• Charging locations

• Utility costs / Charging times

• Electric-only or mixed fleet

EV scheduling strategy

How can we overcome it?

Charging: possible impact on the schedule

• Can we tie charging events to operators break preferences?

• Charging that fits within timetables

• Electric-only or mixed fleet?

• What impact would this have on our KPIs?

Working with rules and preferences: Batteries

• Battery types

• Non-linear battery charging and battery usage profiles

• Different ranges, time to charge

• Capacity In kw

• Minimum capacity in kwh

• Discharge rate in kwh/km

Working with rules and preferences: Chargers

• Charger profile ID

• Battery types supported

• Minimum Charging Time

• Charging rate in kwH/min

• Charger location/capacity

Electricity costs

• Default costs

• High/low prices

• Real data is mandatory

Vehicle types

• Different vehicles/ batteries

Electric Buses are different

Factor Predictable Measurable

Time in service XDistance Traveled XAmbient Temperature (HVAC) XTopography XDriver Behavior XRidership (bus mass) XTraffic XStart/Stop Schedule X

THANK YOU

Omer GoldschmidtVP, Strategy and Business Development

omer@optibus.com