The French Revolution, 1789 - 1814:

Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna

“Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.

All the king's horses and all the king's menCouldn't put Humpty back together again.”

Overview•In 1812, Napoleon was at the height of his power•Within two years, his empire will have collapsed•Topics

•Fall of Napoleon•Congress of Vienna

Fall of Napoleon

Europe in 1812

Continental System

Peninsular War

The Third of May 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid by Francisco Goya

Invasion of Russia, 1812

French troops at Moscow

Moscow is on fire!

Retreat from Moscow

100,000 French troops retreat—40,000 survive!

Battle of Leipzig, October 1813

“Battle of the Nations” Memorial

First Treaty of Paris (Fountainbleu), 1814

Napoleon's Abdication

King Louis XVIII (r. 1814-1824)

The Hundred Days (March – June 1815)

Napoleon leaving Elba, painted by Joseph Beaume

Battle of Waterloo (June 1815)

Dukeof

Wellington

Prussian General Blücher

Napoleon on His

Way to HisFinal Exile

onSt. Helena

Napoleon’s Residence on St. Helena

Napoleon’s Tomb

Hitler Visits Napoleon’s Tomb

June 28, 1940

The Congress of Vienna

Congress of Vienna, 1814 - 1815•Desires•Metternich•Territorial Changes•Concert of Europe•Legacy

The “Host”Prince Klemens von Metternich

(Aus.)

Europe prior to Congress of Vienna

Summary•France has gone full circle

•End of the Republic ; Napoleon banished•Return of the monarchy - Louis XVIII takes over

•Europe desires a balance of power with all states working together - Concert of Europe

•Fear of one state becoming too powerful•Fear of nationalism; they do everything to prevent this!- Quadruple Alliance and Holy Alliance

•New nations created as buffer zones between the great powers - Confederation of the Rhine•No more Holy Roman Empire, replaced with the German confederation, but German nationalism awakened•No large scale wars in Europe until WWI