the forming of greek civilization chapter 2. i. crete and early greece (ca. 3000-1100 b.c.) a....
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The Forming of Greek The Forming of Greek CivilizationCivilization
Chapter 2Chapter 2
I.I. Crete and Early Greece Crete and Early Greece (ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)(ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)
A. Cretan CivilizationA. Cretan Civilization KnossosKnossos
1.1. King Minos and His PalaceKing Minos and His Palace Sir Arthur EvansSir Arthur Evans Palace of MinosPalace of Minos
2. Cretan Society and the Roles of Women2. Cretan Society and the Roles of Women Great MotherGreat Mother
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Map 2.1 Early Greece During Map 2.1 Early Greece During the Bronze Agethe Bronze Age
This map shows the areas in which Greek speakers settled between about 2000–1100 B.C. There was never a king or supreme ruler of the whole region, but rather rulers in the various cities. Which islands lay at the extreme boundaries of Greece, and where was Mycenae, where the Mycenaean culture originated?
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I.I. Crete and Early Greece Crete and Early Greece (ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)(ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)
A. Cretan CivilizationA. Cretan Civilization3. A Cretan Empire?3. A Cretan Empire?
B.B. Crete and the Greeks Crete and the Greeks 1. Cretan Writing1. Cretan Writing
Linear ALinear A Linear BLinear B Michael VentrisMichael Ventris
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I.I. Crete and Early Greece Crete and Early Greece (ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)(ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)
B. Crete and the GreeksB. Crete and the Greeks2.2. The Collapse of Cretan CivilizationThe Collapse of Cretan Civilization
Thera or Santorini earthquakeThera or Santorini earthquake
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I.I. Crete and Early Greece Crete and Early Greece (ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)(ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)
C. Mycenaean Civilization C. Mycenaean Civilization (ca. 1600-1100 B.C.) (ca. 1600-1100 B.C.)1.1. The City of MycenaeThe City of Mycenae
2. The Work of Heinrich Schliemann2. The Work of Heinrich Schliemann The graves at MycenaeThe graves at Mycenae
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I.I. Crete and Early Greece Crete and Early Greece (ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)(ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)
C. Mycenaean CivilizationC. Mycenaean Civilization (ca. 1600-1100 B.C.) (ca. 1600-1100 B.C.)3. The Zenith of Mycenaean Power and 3. The Zenith of Mycenaean Power and
the Trojan Warthe Trojan War Treasury of AtreusTreasury of Atreus AgamemnonAgamemnon TroyTroy Homer’s Homer’s IliadIliad
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Map 2.2 Map 2.2 MycenaeMycenae
The most important city in Bronze Age Greece, Mycenae, was first settled on its citadel or Acropolis. As the population expanded, a lower town developed, also surrounded by a wall. Outside the town were terraced agricultural plots. Where was the palace of the king?
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I.I. Crete and Early Greece Crete and Early Greece (ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)(ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)
C. Mycenaean Civilization C. Mycenaean Civilization
(ca. 1600-1100 B.C.)(ca. 1600-1100 B.C.)4. The Troy of Homer4. The Troy of Homer
5. The Decline of Mycenae5. The Decline of Mycenae Sea-peoplesSea-peoples Dorian GreeksDorian Greeks
6. The Dark Age6. The Dark Age
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Map 2.3 Archaic & Classical Greece, Map 2.3 Archaic & Classical Greece, ca. 800-400 B.C.ca. 800-400 B.C.
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Four main dialects of the Greek language were spoken in the Greek world. Similarity of dialect could lead topolitical sympathy within the dialect group. Notice that Greeks never penetrated far into the Persian Empire.What was the most extreme reach of the Greek language to the north?
II. The Greek Renaissance II. The Greek Renaissance (ca. 800-600 B.C.)(ca. 800-600 B.C.)
Polis/poleisPolis/poleis
A. Greek ReligionA. Greek Religion ZeusZeus ApolloApollo AphroditeAphrodite AthenaAthena ArtemisArtemis
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II. The Greek Renaissance II. The Greek Renaissance (ca. 800-600 B.C.)(ca. 800-600 B.C.)
A. Greek ReligionA. Greek Religion1. The Relationship of Greeks to Their 1. The Relationship of Greeks to Their
GodsGods AnthropomorphicAnthropomorphic Mount OlympusMount Olympus NemesisNemesis
2. Forms of Worship2. Forms of Worship No hierarchyNo hierarchy Delphic oracleDelphic oracle
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II. The Greek Renaissance II. The Greek Renaissance (ca. 800-600 B.C.)(ca. 800-600 B.C.)
B. Public GamesB. Public Games Panhellenic gamesPanhellenic games OlympicsOlympics
C. Colonization (ca. 750-550 B.C.)C. Colonization (ca. 750-550 B.C.)
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Map 2.4 Greek Colonization, Map 2.4 Greek Colonization, ca. 750-550 B.C.ca. 750-550 B.C.
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Partly to seek trading partners, partly to solve the problem of excessive population, Greek cities sent outmany colonies in the Mediterranean and Black seas. Notice that all the colonial cities remained on thecoastlines. Which were the farthest Greek cities in east and west directions?
II. The Greek Renaissance II. The Greek Renaissance (ca. 800-600 B.C.)(ca. 800-600 B.C.)
D. The AlphabetD. The Alphabet1. Origin of the Alphabet1. Origin of the Alphabet
PhoeniciansPhoenicians
2. The Alphabet and Greek Life2. The Alphabet and Greek Life
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II. The Greek Renaissance II. The Greek Renaissance (ca. 800-600 B.C.)(ca. 800-600 B.C.)
E. Archaic LiteratureE. Archaic Literature1. The Homeric Epics1. The Homeric Epics
IliadIliad AchillesAchilles HectorHector PatroclusPatroclus
OdysseyOdyssey OdysseusOdysseus
2. The Homeric Question2. The Homeric Question
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II. The Greek Renaissance II. The Greek Renaissance (ca. 800-600 B.C.)(ca. 800-600 B.C.)
E. Archaic LiteratureE. Archaic Literature3. Homeric Legends Far from Greece3. Homeric Legends Far from Greece
4. Hesoid4. Hesoid
5. Archilochus5. Archilochus
6. Sappho6. Sappho
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
A. Organization and GovernmentA. Organization and Government AstuAstu Acropolis Acropolis
1. General Structure of the Polis1. General Structure of the Polis Agora Agora
2. Population of the Poleis2. Population of the Poleis Adult malesAdult males
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
A. Organization and GovernmentA. Organization and Government3. Origins of Self-Government3. Origins of Self-Government
OligarchyOligarchy Monarchy Monarchy
4. Hoplites and Society4. Hoplites and Society
5. Tyrants and Tyranny5. Tyrants and Tyranny
6. Greek Armies6. Greek Armies PhalanxPhalanx
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
B. The Economy of the Poleis B. The Economy of the Poleis
(ca. 700-400 B.C.)(ca. 700-400 B.C.)1. A Modest Lifestyle1. A Modest Lifestyle
AgricultureAgriculture Pasturage Pasturage
2. Coinage and Public Expenses2. Coinage and Public Expenses LydiaLydia DrachmaDrachma TaxationTaxation
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
B. The Economy of the Poleis B. The Economy of the Poleis
(ca. 700-400 B.C.)(ca. 700-400 B.C.)3. Use of Slave Labor3. Use of Slave Labor
4. Industry4. Industry
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)1. Early Sparta1. Early Sparta
MesseniaMessenia HelotsHelots LycurgusLycurgus
2. Sparta’s Government2. Sparta’s Government Assembly, elders, and ephorsAssembly, elders, and ephors ““Mixed” constitutionMixed” constitution Peloponnesian LeaguePeloponnesian League
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)3. Men and Women in Spartan Society3. Men and Women in Spartan Society
4. Spartan Isolation4. Spartan Isolation
5. Early Athens5. Early Athens AtticaAttica ArchonsArchons AreopagusAreopagus AssemblyAssembly
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)6. Draco and Homicide Law6. Draco and Homicide Law
7. Crisis in the Athenian Economy7. Crisis in the Athenian Economy
8. Solon and Economic Reform8. Solon and Economic Reform
9. Solon’s Political Reforms9. Solon’s Political Reforms Four classes of citizensFour classes of citizens HeliaeaHeliaea
10. The Tyrant Pisistratus10. The Tyrant Pisistratus
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Map 2.5 Classical Athens, Map 2.5 Classical Athens, ca. 400 B.C.ca. 400 B.C.
Athens became the largest Greek city in population and political importance. It also had the most impressivecollection of public buildings and temples, especially on the Acropolis or “high city.” The urban area wassurrounded by a wall. Where was the temple of Athena or Parthenon?
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III. The PolisIII. The Polis
C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)C. Sparta and Athens (ca. 700-500 B.C.)11. Cleisthenes and 11. Cleisthenes and DemokratiaDemokratia
HippiasHippias BoulBouléé
12. The End of Regional Factions in Athens12. The End of Regional Factions in Athens DemeDeme and tribes and tribes
13. The Use of the Lot in Elections13. The Use of the Lot in Elections14. Ostracism14. Ostracism
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IV. The Challenge of PersiaIV. The Challenge of Persia
A. The Invasion Under Darius and A. The Invasion Under Darius and Marathon (490 B.C.)Marathon (490 B.C.) ““Ionian Revolt”Ionian Revolt” EretriaEretria
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Map 2.6 First Persian War, 490 B.C.Map 2.6 First Persian War, 490 B.C.
The king of Persia sent an expedition against Eretria and Athens to punish them for their part in an attack onSardis. The battle of Marathon turned the Persian invasion back. On the way to Marathon, at which islands didthe Persian fleet stop?
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IV. The Challenge of PersiaIV. The Challenge of Persia
B. The Second Persian War B. The Second Persian War (480-479 B.C.)(480-479 B.C.)
1. Preparations for War1. Preparations for War XerxesXerxes TriremesTriremes ThemistoclesThemistocles
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Map 2.7 The Second Persian War, Map 2.7 The Second Persian War, 480-479 B.C.480-479 B.C.
Ten years after the first war, the Persians attacked Greece again. The Persian navy and army invaded in parallel routes. The critical battles were at the island of Salamis and at Plataea in Boeotia. Where is the island of Salamis? Note the canal cut through Mt. Athos in 492 B.C.
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IV. The Challenge of PersiaIV. The Challenge of Persia
B. The Second Persian WarB. The Second Persian War2. The Invasion of 480 and Thermopylae2. The Invasion of 480 and Thermopylae
LeonidasLeonidas
3. Themistocles and the Victory at Salamis3. Themistocles and the Victory at Salamis
4. The Battle of Plataea (479 B.C.)4. The Battle of Plataea (479 B.C.) PausaniasPausanias MycaleMycale
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