the female reproductive system vaginal canal and vagina external genitalia ovaries all three...
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The Female Reproductive System
• Vaginal canal and vagina
• External genitalia
• OvariesAll three enclosed
within broad ligament.
• Uterus
• Uterine tubes
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Female Reproductive System
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The Ovaries
• Held in position by ovarian ligament and suspensory ligaments.
• Ovarian cycle and follicular development.(dictates uterine cycle)
• Ovarian artery and vein enter at ovarian hilus.
• Covered by tunica albuginea.
Ovaries -> eggs, estrogen and progesterone.
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The Uterine Tubes
• Intramural portion that opens to uterine cavity
• Infundibulum with fimbriae
• Ampulla
• Isthmus
• Lined with ciliated and nonciliated simple columnar epithelium - aids in transport
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ciliated and
non-ciliated
simple columnar
epithelium
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Gross Divisions of the Uterus
• Body (largest portion)
• Fundus
• Cervix– External os– Uterine cavity– Cervical canal– Internal os
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Uterine Wall (Layers)
• Myometrium – muscular (thickest ~90%).
• Endometrium - innermost layer– Contains endometrial (uterine) glands.
• Perimetrium – outermost (superficial).
– Functional layer, top 1/3 (sheds).– Basal Layer, bottom 2/3 (remains).
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The Uterine Wall
• Basic histology of the uterine wall.
Figure 27.16b
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The Vagina• Elastic muscular tube from uterus to external
genitalia (has rugae).
• Passageway:
• Forms lower portion of birth canal.
• Lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
• Hymen partially blocks entrance to vagina.
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The External Genitalia• Vulva (pudendum)
Labia majora – outer (larger)
Labia minora – inner (smaller)
Greater vestibular (Bartholin’s) gland.
Mons pubis
Clitoris – erectile tissue (spongiosum)- Prepuce (hood, foreskin of
clitoris)Vestibule (created by labia minora)
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The Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
• 28 day menstrual cycle
• Begins with onset of menses– Destruction of functional zone of endometrium– Menstruation continues for 1-7 days
• Proliferative phase– Functional zone undergoes repair and thickens
• Entire cycle begins at menarche (puberty)– Continues until menopause