the fascination of crystals and symmetry...international tables for crystallography, volume a...

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The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry Unit 4.6 by Frank Hoffmann & Michael Sartor

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Page 1: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry

Unit 4.6

by Frank Hoffmann & Michael Sartor

Page 2: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

Space Groups and the International Tables

Page 3: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

International Tables for Crystallography

International Tables for CrystallographyVolume A: Space-group symmetry

Edited by Th. Hahn

http://img.chem.ucl.ac.uk/sgp/mainmenu.htm

“the crystallographers’ bible”

Page 4: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A

Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups

Space group symbol in short and full notation as well as an unique #

Indication of the crystal system and the crystal class in both systems of nomenclature (H.-M. and Schoenflies)

Diagrams of the position of the SEs

General position diagram

Listing of all SOs as coordination transformations

Multiplicity, Wyckoff letters, Site symmetry

…and some more (“incomprehensible”) things

group theory / X-ray diffraction

Page 5: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

International Tables for Crystallography – Space group Pmm2

Header

Page 6: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

Space group Pmm2 – Header

Pmm2

Number Full symbol

Crystal class C2v mm2 Crystal system OrthorhombicShort symbol

No. 25

1

Patterson Symmetry PmmmPmm2

Schoenflies H.-M.

Page 7: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

International Tables for Crystallography – Space group Pmm2

Page 8: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

Diagram of the Symmetry elements – Space group Pmm2

b

a

horizontal mirror planes

Page 9: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

Diagram of the Symmetry elements – Space group Pmm2

b

avertical mirror planes

Page 10: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

Diagram of the Symmetry elements – Space group Pmm2

b

a

2-fold axes of rotation

Page 11: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

International Tables for Crystallography – Space group Pmm2

Page 12: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

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Page 13: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 14: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

an atom on a general position(does not sit on a SE)

Page 15: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 16: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 17: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 18: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 19: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 20: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 21: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 22: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 23: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 24: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 25: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

Page 26: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

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, image and mirror image

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position along the c-directionabove the projection plane

of chiral objects

Page 27: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

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+

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, image and mirror image

,,

,, ,

,

,,

+

position along the c-directionabove the projection plane

Page 28: The Fascination of Crystals and Symmetry...International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A Systematic listing of the 17 plane groups and 230 space groups Space group symbol in short

General Position Diagram – Space group Pmm2

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

, image and mirror image

,,

,, ,

,

,,

+

position along the c-directionabove the projection plane