7

THE FAMILY AS A UNIT

OF CARE

Reported by:

PGI UMALI, JOZA A.

FAMILY• Most pervasive & enduring context of human relatedness

Expected to have a sense of

responsibilities towards their members

Family Code1987 Philippine Constitution

Article II Sec. 12: The State recognizes the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution

Article XV Sec. 1: The State recognizes the Filipino family as the foundation of the nation. Accordingly, it shall strengthen its solidarity & actively promote its total development.

Article XIII Sec. 2: The State shall adopt an integrated and comprehensive approach to health development which shall endeavor to make essential goods, health and other social services available to all the people at affordable cost.

Article II Sec. 15: The State shall protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill health consciousness among them.

HEALTH CARE

• Learns the concept of hygiene& sanitation

• Assimilates health knowledge, attitudes, practices & habits

Major unit through which long term relationship and caring are developed &

nurtured

Definitions of FAMILY In terms of Affi nity

Involve delineation of family structure, functions, composition & affectionalities

From the Child’s Perspective

Household refers to a group of people who

share a common dwelling

“A Family is a group of people related by blood, marriages or adoption, who live together in one household.” United Nations

“A Family is a small social system made up of individuals related to each other by reason of strong reciprocal affections & loyalties & comprising a permanent househould (or cluster of households)) that persists over years and decades.” Terkelson, 1980

“A Family is where everybody shares and cares for each other. A family is where there is love in the home. A Family is where they go on vacations together. A Family is where everybody shares with the work.” Robert, age 15

The FILIPINO FAMILY• DEFENSE• INSURANCE• ETERNAL SOURCE• AN ENVIRONMENT

“FAMILY COMES FIRST”

Characteristics of a FILIPINO Family

Closely knit

Bilaterally extended

Strong family orientation

Authority based on age

Externally patriarchal, internally matriarchal

High value given to education

Predominantly Catholic

Child-centered

Average number of children is 5

Exposed to the different environmental stresses

FAMILY STRENGTHS The ability to provide for the

family’s physical, emotional, spiritual & cultural needs

Child rearing practices & disciplines

Communication

Support, security & encouragement

Growth-producing relationships

Physical – space, management, nutritionally-balanced meals, family’s general health statusEmotional – helping family members recognize and develop their capacity for sensitivity to each other’s needsSpiritual & Cultural – sharing of basic beliefs & cultural values

• The capacity of both parents to respect each other’s views & decisions on child-rearing practices

• If a single parent, the capacity of the single parent to be consistent & effective in raising the child/children

The ability to communicate & express a wide range of emotions & feelings both verbally & non-verballyThe family’s ability to maintain and build friendships and relationships in the neighborhood

• The capacity of the family to provide its members with feelings of security & encouragement

• Balance in the pattern of family activites

FAMILY STRENGTHS Responsible community

relationships

Self-help & accepting help

Flexibility of family functions & roles

Crisis as a means of growth

Family unity, loyalty & intra-family cooperation

The capacity of family members to assume responsibility through participation in social, cultural or community activitiesFamily members’ ability to seek and accept help

when they think they need itFamily member’s ability to :fill in” for one another during times of illness or when needed

Family member’s ability to recognize and use family traditions & rituals that promote unity & pride

Family members’ ability to unite and become supportive during a crisis or traumatic experience.

A lifelong involvem

entShared

Attributes

Sense of Belonging

Societal Expectati

ons

Built-in Problems

Family endures despite conflicts

The FAMILY as a SPECIAL UNIT

Classification of FAMILY: Structure

Nuclear Family

Extended Family

Communal Corporate Family

Single-Parent Family

Blended Family

• Consisting of parent and their still dependent children• Ordinarily occupy a separate dwelling not shared with members of the family of orientation of either spouse•Economically independent

• Includes 3 generations• Family -centered• Vary within the societal context from the highly formalized structure• Formed for specific ideologic or societal purposes

• Children 17 years old or younger living in a family with a single parent, another relative or a non-relative• Result from the loss of the spouse• Out-of-wedlock birth of a child• From adoption of a child

• Includes stepparents & stepchildren• Caused by separation, divorce & remarriage

5 Basic Areas of FAMILY FUNCTION

Biologic

Economic

Educational

Psychologic/Affection

Sociocultural or Socialization

ReproductionCare & rearing of childrenNutritionMaintenance of healthRecreation

Provide adequate financial resourcesDetermine allocation of resourcesEnsure financial security of members

Teach skills, attitudes & knowledge relating to other functionsPromotes the natural development of personalitiesOffer optimum psychologic protection Promotes ability to form relationships with people outside the family circle

Associated with socialization of children, provision of social status and legitimacy

Why the FAMILY as a UNIT of CARE?

FAMILY

The social context for health care

Patient’s problem is the

family’s problem

The greatest ally in

treatment

Present in most patient

interview

Ways in which the Family Plays a Role in the Health of Its Members

Health promotion and maintenance as well as illness prevention

Coping with stressful life events

Family-based health and illness appraisal

Family interaction and level of fucntioning in response to illness

Help-seeking or deciding to seek medical help

Family adaptation to illness

What is FAMILY CARE?

Taking care of all individuals in family one by one

Dealing with family as object of management

Influencing family members to change factors affecting an individual’s health

What is FAMILY PHYSICIANS Need to

Know About FAMILIES

Understanding family structure and function

Awareness of how families communicate

Skills in observing how families operate

Ability to relate the family to the individual

FAMILY RELATIONSHIP & INTERACTIONS and Their Eff ects on HEALTH CARE Ordinal position – effects on HC

Parent-Child Interaction/Family Relationship

Social Class Pattern of Behavior

Family Set-up

Filipino Values

First Born – persevering, serious, more responsive to adults & are achievement oriented

Middle Child – optimistic, sociable, aggressive & competitive, but at times, manipulative

Youngest Child – demanding, outgoing, narcissistic, though by nature, affectionate

Rejecting Parent – insecure, aggressive, sadistic, nervous, stubborn & uncooperative child

Submissive Parent – aggressive, careless, disobedient & uncooperative child

Dominating Parent – gives out an uncooperative, tense, quarrelsome & disinterested child

Absent Father/Mother Home – aggressive, neurotic, jealous, uncooperative, delinquent & less confident in the future, and less able to trust adults

Upper Class Family – more closely-knit; greater concern for maintaining the family name & prestige

Middle Class Family – believes in hard work, self-reliance, initiative, independence, responsibility, economic security & self-improvement through education

Lower Class Family – largely unemployed, sees life as a continual struggle for survival and gives the impression of being resigned to a life of frustration & defeat

Working Mothers – tend to stress independence training & achievement orientation on their children

Demographic Set-up – parents respect their child’s decisions & ideas; tolerance, understanding & permissiveness prevailAuthoritarian Set-up – true in many Filipino families; unquestioned obedience, conformity to parental guidance & a pattern of more punishments than praises

High respect for physicianUtang na loobFamily tiesHigh value on educationPakikisama

THANK YOU!!!

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