The Executive BranchThe Executive BranchChapter 6

Section 1 Essential Section 1 Essential QuestionsQuestions

• 1. What are the qualifications and terms of office for the presidency?

• 2. What are the duties of the vice president?

• 3. What are the rules of succession for the presidency?

The PresidentThe President

• Qualifications– 1. be a native born U.S. citizen.– 2. be at least 35 years old– 3. have been a resident of the United

States for at least 14 years.

Limited to TWO terms (4 years each)

• Eight presidents have died while in office.

– William Henry Harrison - 9th President, who died in 1841 of pneumonia and pleurisy.

– Zachary Taylor - 12th President, who died in 1850 of bilious fever, typhoid fever, and cholera, following a heat stroke.

– Abraham Lincoln - 16th President, was assassinated in1865. Lincoln was the first of four presidents to be assassinated.

– James Garfield- 20th President, who was assassinated in1881.– William McKinley- 25th President, who was assassinated 1901.– Warren G. Harding - 29th President, who died in1923 of a suspected

heart attack– Franklin Delano Roosevelt -The 32nd President, who died in 1945, of a

cerebral hemorrhage– John F. Kennedy -The 35th President, who was assassinated in1963.

• Salary– $400,000 salary a year– $50,000 nontaxable allowance, plus

an annual allowance for travel costs.(unused money goes back to the treasury)

George Washington’s salary was $25,000

Vice PresidentVice President

• Qualifications– 1. be a native born U.S. citizen.– 2. be at least 35 years old– 3. have been a resident of the United

States for at least 14 years.

TWO year term (4 years each)

• Salary– $208,100 a year– $10,000 taxable expense allowance

Vice President and family live in a house on the grounds of the United States Naval Observatory.

Rule of SuccessionRule of Succession

• Presidential succession: order in which people take over presidential responsibilities in case of a presidential death, illness, or impeachment.

– 1. President– 2. Vice President– 3. Speaker of the House– 4. President pro tempore of the Senate– 5. Secretary of State

Section 2 Essential Section 2 Essential QuestionsQuestions

• 1. What are some of the leaderships roles of the president?

• 2. What powers does the president have?

President’s RolesPresident’s Roles

• Legislative leader– Recommends, or suggests, mew laws to Congress.

– State of the Union Address – televised speech in late January. Sets programs and policies that the President wants Congress to put into effect.

– President influences Congress by indicating what legislation he or she does not want.

• Commander in Chief– Head of the U.S. armed forces– Has final say on how war will be fought– Although the president cannot declare war, he or she

can send troops into action in foreign lands.

– War Resolution Act – passed by Congress in 1973. Requires president to recall troops sent abroad within 60 days, unless otherwise approved by Congress.

• Foreign Policy leader– Foreign policy: the government’s plan for

interacting with the other countries of the world.– Secure friendly relationships with foreign countries

while preserving national security.– Appoints diplomats to represent the U.S. government

in foreign countries.– Meets with leaders and representatives of other

countries in the United States, in the officials’ home nations and in neutral locations.

• Diplomacy – the art of interacting with foreign governments.– Presidential visits to foreign countries help build

international friendships and security, and promotes U.S. interests.

• Treaties – written agreements with other countries.– Senate must approve treaty by a two-thirds vote

before it can go into effect.

• Other Presidential Powers– Reprieve: postpones the carrying out of a

person’s sentence.

– Pardon: forgiving a person of their crime and eliminating any punishments.

– Commutation: reduce a person’s sentence

• James Bernard Banks, of Liberty, Utah, sentenced to two years of probation in 1972 for illegal possession of government property.[20]

• Russell James Dixon, of Clayton, Ga., sentenced to two years of probation in 1960 for a liquor law violation.[20]

• Laurens Dorsey, of Syracuse, N.Y., sentenced in 1998 to five years of probation and $71,000 in restitution for conspiracy to defraud by making false statements to the Food and Drug Administration.[20]

• Ronald Lee Foster, of Beaver Falls, Pa., sentenced in 1963 to a year of probation and a $20 fine for mutilating coins.[20]

• Timothy James Gallagher, of Navasota, Texas, sentenced in 1982 to three years of probation for cocaine possession and conspiracy to distribute.[20]

• Roxane Kay Hettinger, Powder Springs, Ga., sentenced in 1986 to 30 days in jail and three years of probation for conspiracy to distribute cocaine.[20]

• Edgar Leopold Kranz Jr., of Minot, N.D., who received 24 months of confinement and a pay reduction for cocaine use, adultery and bouncing checks.[20]

• Floretta Leavy, of Rockford, Ill., sentenced in 1984 to 366 days in prison and three years of parole for drug offenses.[20]

• Scoey Lathaniel Morris, of Crosby, Texas, sentenced in 1991 to three years of probation and $1,200 restitution for counterfeiting offenses

Section 3 Essential Section 3 Essential QuestionsQuestions

• 1. What is the Executive office of the President, and what is his cabinet?

• 2. What are the purposes of the Department of State and the Department of Defense?

• 3. What are the other executive departments in the federal government?

The Executive OfficeThe Executive Office

• Executive office – close group of advisers and aides to the president.

• National Security Council (NSC) – president's top ranking group of advisors on matters concerning defense and security.

Sections 4 Essential Sections 4 Essential QuestionsQuestions

• What are some examples of independent agencies, and what duties do they perform?

• What are regulatory commissions, and who runs them?

• What makes up the federal bureaucracy?

Independent AgenciesIndependent Agencies

• 65 Independent Agencies– U.S. Commission on Civil Rights

• Collects information about discrimination against minorities.

– The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

• Runs U.S. Space program

– Office of Personnel Management• Tests people who want to apply for jobs with the federal

government.

– General Services Administration• Buys supplies for the federal government

Regulatory CommissionsRegulatory Commissions

• Regulatory commissions – type of independent agency that has the power to make rules and bring violator to court.

• Regulatory commissions are usually established due to a perceived need.

• The Consumer Product Safety Commission – it sets and enforces safety standards for consumer products and conducts safety research.

The Federal BureaucracyThe Federal Bureaucracy

• Bureaucracy – All employees of these agencies, as well as those executive departments.– Around 3 million people work in the bureaucracy.– Administrators– Lawyers– Scientists– Doctors– Engineers– Secretaries– Clerks