the evolving landscape of citizen science
DESCRIPTION
Presentation for the USGS Community Data Integration workshop on Citizen ScienceTRANSCRIPT
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The Evolving Landscape of Citizen Science
Typologies and Implications of Project Design
Andrea WigginsPostdoctoral Fellow
DataONE & Cornell Lab of Ornithology
11 September, 2012
USGS Community Data Integration Workshop on Citizen Science
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What’s in a name?
Label Research Domain Key Features
Civic science Science communication Public participation in decisions about science
People’s science Political science Social movements for people-centered science
Citizen science Ecology Public participation in scientific research
Volunteer/community-based monitoring
Natural resource management Long-term monitoring and intervention
Participatory action research Behavioral science Researcher & community participation & action
Action science Behavioral science Participatory, emphasizes tacit theories-in-use
Community science Psychology Participatory community-centered social science
Living Labs Management Public-private partnership for innovation
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What’s in a name?
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Label Research Domain Key Features
Civic science Science communication Public participation in decisions about science
People’s science Political science Social movements for people-centered science
Citizen science Ecology Public participation in scientific research
Volunteer/community-based monitoring
Natural resource management Long-term monitoring and intervention
Participatory action research Behavioral science Researcher & community participation & action
Action science Behavioral science Participatory, emphasizes tacit theories-in-use
Community science Psychology Participatory community-centered social science
Living Labs Management Public-private partnership for innovation
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A few typologies
Consultative, functional & collaborative • Lawrence, 2006
Contributory, collaborative, & co-created • CAISE report, 2009
Action, conservation, investigation, virtual, & education•Wiggins & Crowston, 2011
Typologies based on goals & tasks•Wiggins & Crowston, 2012
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Scientific tasks
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Framing participation tasks
Sharing my data/experiences• Fits into daily life• People like to share their passions
Working on their/our tasks•New, often unfamiliar tasks• Reinforces us/them divisions
Playing games & solving puzzles• Fits into daily life• Explicit symbolic rewards, entertaining
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Goals & tasksStatistical clustering based on survey results• Goals more interesting than participation tasks• Academic vs decision-making: science clusters• Localized vs distributed: training & learning materials
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Other important factors
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(Relative) pros & cons
Contributory Collaborative Co-Created
Scalability High Varies Low
Technology dependency
High Varies Low
Volunteer management
Low Varies High
Task complexity Low Varies High
Data quality Varies Varies Varies
Sustainability Varies Varies Varies
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Implications for design
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Implications for design
Honestly evaluate project resources & goals, work backwards
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Implications for design
Honestly evaluate project resources & goals, work backwards
Recognize tradeoffs and make choices accordingly
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Implications for design
Honestly evaluate project resources & goals, work backwards
Recognize tradeoffs and make choices accordingly
Design to address resource constraints
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Implications for design
Honestly evaluate project resources & goals, work backwards
Recognize tradeoffs and make choices accordingly
Design to address resource constraints
There’s more than one right answer
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Thanks!
[email protected]@AndreaWiggins
dataone.orgbirds.cornell.educitizenscience.organdreawiggins.com
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Typologies•Lawrence, A. (2006). “No Personal Motive?” Volunteers, Biodiversity, and the False
Dichotomies of Participation. Ethics, Place & Environment, 9(3), 279-298.•Bonney, R., Ballard, H., Jordan, R., McCallie, E., Phillips, T., Shirk, J., et al. (2009). Public
Participation in Scientific Research: Defining the Field and Assessing Its Potential for Informal Science Education. A CAISE Inquiry Group Report (Tech. Rep.).
•Danielsen, F., Burgess, N., Balmford, A., Donald, P., Funder, M., Jones, J., et al. (2009). Local participation in natural resource monitoring: a characterization of approaches. Conservation Biology, 23(1), 31–42.
•Cooper, C. B., Dickinson, J., Phillips, T., & Bonney, R. (2007). Citizen Science as a Tool for Conservation in Residential Ecosystems. Ecology and Society, 12(2).
•Wilderman, C. C. (2007). Models of community science: design lessons from the field. Proceedings of Citizen Science Toolkit Conference.
•Wiggins, A. & Crowston, K. (2011). From Conservation to Crowdsourcing: A Typology of Citizen Science. Proceedings of the 44th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.
•Wiggins, A. & Crowston, K. (2012). Goals and Tasks: Two Typologies of Citizen Science Projects. Proceedings of the 45th Annual Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences.