the eu - guide for usa - chapter 5 - europe in the world

8/8/2019 The EU - Guide for USA - Chapter 5 - Europe in the World

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EUROPE IN THE WORLD

( )European Union plays an increased role in the world affairswith the establishment of the Common Foreign andSecurity Policy (CFSP) and the European Security andDefense Policy (ESDP), which allow for better response tothe far-reaching economic and political changes occuringon the EUs doorstep, and in other parts of the world, thatrequire coherent European action.


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Common Foreign a nd S ecurity P olicy (CFSP )

( )Asserting the EUs New Role in the World

Established in 1993Provides a formal structure that allows Member States to coordinate

policy that is consistent and asserts the EUs inherent politicalidentity.

Its objectives are:to safeguard the values, interests Independence, andintegrity of the Union;

to strengthen the Unions security;to preserve peace and strengthen international security;to develop and consolidate democracy and the rule of law, andrespect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.


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Although CFSP decision-making procedures areintergovernmental, all the EUs major institutions have rolesunder CFSP. The European Commission, which is fully associated with theCFSP, participates in all discussions, can make proposals, andcan launch its own initiatives. It also represents EU interestsaround the world through its delegation and with the Councilof the EU, ensures consistency in the EUs external relations. The Council is responsible for:

foreign policy within the CFSP frameworkdefining policy principles and general guidelinesdeciding on common strategies for activities with individualcountriesadopting joint actions and common positions.


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Europe a n S ecurity a nd Defense P olicy (ESDP )

( )ESDP O per a tions

ESDP missions include humanitarian and relief work, peacekeeping,and the use of combat forces in crisis management.

W ithin ESDP, there is: A Political and Security Comitee (PSC) to help the councilmonitor international events and review policy options.

T he Military Comitee of the European Union (EUMC)composed of Member State chiefs of defense staff or their representatives.

T he European Union Military Staff (EUMS) drawn fromMember State service personnel.


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T he EU Satellite Center (EUSC) which generates andanalyzes data from space imagery.T he EU Institutes for Security Studies (EU ISS) whichperforms research and analysis.T he European Defense A gency (ED A ) to help Member States improve their defense capabilities and to support the

ESDP.


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The EU a nd NATO ( )

The Berlin Plus arrangements include:granting the EU access to N ATO operational planningassets when it is leading crisis management operations;availability to the EU of N ATO capabilities and common

assets;N ATO European comand actions for EU-led operations;having N ATO include in its defense planning thepossibility of making its forces available for EUoperations.


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The Berlin Plus arrangements were the foundation for thelandmark 2002 Declaration on the European Security andDefense Policy (ESDP) between the EU and N ATO . That Declaration served as the basis for EU-N ATO cooperationon crisis management, anti terrorism efforts, curbingproliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and ensuring EUaccess to N ATO s planning capability. In March 2003, the EU and N ATO signed the N ATO -EU A greement on the Security of Information, an agreement thatenabled full consultations and cooperation between the twoorganizations, including the exchange of classified information

and related material.


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Foreign Aid a nd Development( )

The goals of EU development policy:to foster sustainable economic and socialdevelopment;promote recipient nations integration into the worldeconomy;to fight poverty and H IV/AI DS.

EU policies also aim:to help consolidate democracy,the rule of law,respect for human rights,fundamental freedom.


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The European Commission and the EU Member Statescombined institude the worlds largest single donor in thestruggle against poverty.

In 2005 over $55 billion, accounts for more than half of allofficial development aid to more than 160 countries spanningthe globe from the EUs neighbors to A frica, the Middle East,Latin A merica, and A sia.

The 2000 Cotonou Partnership A greement with 79 A frican,Caribbean, and Pacific ( A CP) countries is a prime example,combining aid, trade, and political dialogue.

Additionally, the EU is leading donor of emergency and

humanitarian aid. T he European Commission Humanitarian A id O ffice (ECH O ) provides food, medical supplies, water purification systems, shelter, and other essential items todisaster victims arround the world.


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Funding ( ) To improve aid quality and efficiency, the European

Commission has replaced a complex web of fundingmechanisms with a simpler, more efficient system, as of 2007.

The framework is comprised of six instruments, three of them policy-driven and three of them thematic:1. T he Pre- A ccession Instrument ( IP A )

for current and future candidate countries (e.g., T urkey, Croatia,FYRO M, and other potential candidate in W estern Balkans).

2. T he European Neighborhood and Partnership Instrument (ENP I)for countries covered by the European Neighborhood Policyand also Russia.


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3. T he Development Cooperation and Economic CooperationInstrument (DCEC I)

for all countries, territories, and regions not eligible for assistanceunder either IP A or ENP I.4. Macro-Financial A ssistance (MF A )

for economic stabilization and structural reform in beneficiarycountries. In close coordination with IMF and W orld Bankprograms, MF A promotes policies that are tailored to specificcountry needs with the overall objective of stabilizing the financialsituation and establishing competitive, market-orientedeconomies.

5. T he Instrument for Stability ( IfS)for providing a timely, effective, and integrated response to crisis

in non-EU countries, and addressing global and trans-regionalissues such as nuclear safety and non-proliferation, trafficking,organize crime and terrorism.

6. T he Humanitarian A id Instrumentfor humanitarian assistance, including food aid.


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Th a nk You For Listening

K ristianto Budinugroho

97157036

2009


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EU R el a tions with Multil a ter a lOrg a niz a tions

( a )

The EU a nd the United Na tions (

)T he EU has joined the UN in a number of programs:promoting international peace and security;developing stronger relations among nations;

cooperating in solving international, economic, social,cultural, humans right, trade, and humanitarianproblems.


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T he EU contributes to the entire spectrum of UN programs,including:

development policypeacemakinghumanitarian assistance

environmentshuman rightsculture

T he EU Member States are the largest financial contributor

to the UN system, providing about 37 percent of the UNsregular budget compared to the 23 percent expended bythe United States.


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T he EU has been a full participant in many major UNconferences, notably:

1995 Copenhagen W orld Summit for SocialDevelopment1995 Beijing W orld Conference on W omenIn May 2001, the EU for the first time hosted a major UNconferencethe T hird UN Conference on the LeastDeveloped Countries.2002 Monterrey Conference on Finance for Development

2002 Johannesburg W orld Summit for SuistanableDevelopment


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In 2003, the UN and the Commission concluded anagreement on the financing or co-financing of UN projects,a pact that substantially simplifies and accelerates theconclusion of grant agreements between the twoorganizations.

Since the 1993 establishment of the EUs Common Foreignand Security Policy, EU Member States have movedincreasingly toward coordinating their actions ininternational organizations.

EU Member States represent one-eighth of the votes in theUN General A ssembly and one-third of the UNs SecurityCouncils membership.


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T he European Commissions External Relations andDevelopment Directorates-General coordinate relationsbetween the Commission and the UN, while many of thesectoral Directorates-General also have close workingrelationswith individual UN bodies in their areas of responsibility.


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The EU a nd World Tr a de Org a niz a tion

( a )

T he EU was deeply involved in trade negotiations under the General A greement on Tarrifs and T rades (G ATT )Uruguay Round, implemented in 1995, which included thecreation of the W orld T rade O rganization ( WTO ).

T he EU is one of the key players in the WTO , because the

EU has a common trade policy, where the EuropeanCommission negotiates on behalf of the unions 27 Member States.


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T he 2004 EU enlargement gave member States status totwo Mediterranean members of the partnershipCyprusand Malta.

Barcelona Process has three main objectives:expanding the political and security dialogue to create acommon area of peace and stability;sharing prosperity through an economic and financialpartnership and the gradual establishment of a freetrade area, envisioned by 2010;

encouraging understanding between cultures andexchanges within civil society.


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A fganistan ( )EU support for A fghanistan is set firmly within the context of an agreement reached in Bonn by A fghan factions,assisted by the UN, shortly after the fall of the Taliban inlate 2001.

T he agreement spelled out a transitional process leading toelections of a broad-based, gender-sensitive, multi-ethnic,and fully representative government.


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the eu - guide for usa - chapter 5 - europe in the world

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