the essentials of egress presented by. schirmer engineering corporation 2 seminar scope code...
TRANSCRIPT
The Essentials of Egress
Presented by
Schirmer Engineering Corporation2
Seminar Scope
Code fundamentals for drawing reviews Terms and definitions Fire and life safety drawing review for
conditions of egress Handouts for comparison of 2006 IBC and
NFPA 101, Life Safety Code
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So Far…
The fundamental program for the project is set.
The schematic design has been accepted.
Next step:– Develop the preliminary design.
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Preliminary Design
Already determined are: The State/Local Codes If there is a Zoning/Planning Code If the project is in a Historic District If accessibility must be met (ADAAG –
ANSI A117.1)
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Preliminary Design -Model Building Codes
ICC International Building Code (IBC)
BOCA BOCA National Building Code (BNBC)
ICBO Uniform Building Code (UBC) NFPA Building Construction and
Safety Code (NFPA 5000)Life Safety Code (NFPA 101)
SBCCI Standard Building Code (UBC)
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Preliminary Design -Model Building Codes - ICC
ICC International Family of Codes
IBC, IRC, IMC, IPC, IFC, etc.
47 states & Dept. of Defense use IBC 42 states & DC use IFC 45 states & DC use IRC
Website – www.iccsafe.org
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Preliminary Design -Model Building Codes - ICC
Website – www.iccsafe.org
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Preliminary Design -Design Items to Check
Already checked are:– Site restrictions, e.g. easements?– Construction Type?– Occupancy Classification?– Maximum building area limits?– Maximum building height limits?– Sprinkler systems requirements?
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Preliminary Design -Design Items to Check
But…what about the Means of Egress?
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Terms & Definitions -Means of Egress
A continuous and unobstructed path of vertical and horizontal egress travel from any occupied portion of a building or structure to a public way. A means of egress consists of three separate and distinct parts: the exit access, the exit and the exit discharge.
(2006 IBC)
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Public Way
A street, alley or other parcel of land open to the outside air leading to a street, that has been deeded, dedicated or otherwise permanently appropriated to the public for public use and which has a clear width and height of not less than 10 feet.
(2006 IBC)
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Exit Access
That portion of a means of egress system that leads from any occupied portion of a building or structure to an exit.
(2006 IBC)
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Exit Access and Exits
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Exit
That portion of a means of egress system which is separated from other interior spaces of a building or structure by fire-resistance-rated construction and opening protectives as required to provide a protected path of egress travel between the exit access and the exit discharge.
(2006 IBC)
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Types of Exits
Exits include exterior exit doors at ground level, exit enclosures, exit passageways, exterior exit stairs, exterior exit ramps and horizontal exits.
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Exit Discharge
That portion of a means of egress system between the termination of an exit and a public way.
(2006 IBC)
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Exits and Exit Discharge
.
(2006 IBC)
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More Terms & Definitions -Exit Passageway
An exit component that is separated from other interior spaces of a building or structure by fire-resistance-rated construction and opening protectives, and provides for a protected path of egress travel in a vertical or horizontal direction to the exit discharge or public way.
(2006 IBC)
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Accessible Means of Egress
A continuous and unobstructed way of egress travel from any accessible point in a building or facility to a public way.
(2006 IBC)
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Area of Refuge
An area where persons unable to use stairways can remain temporarily to await instructions or assistance during emergency evacuation.
(2006 IBC)
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Plan Review for Egress
Code Matrix Occupant Content (OLF’s) Number of Exits Exit Capacity (min. stair widths, door
widths, etc.)
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Plan Review for Egress
Travel Distance Common Path of Travel Dead End Distance Swing of Doors (in direction of exit, …)
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Egress –Occupant Load
The number of persons for which the means of egress of a building or portion thereof is designed.
(2006 IBC)
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Use and Occupancy Classification
Assembly Group A Business Group B Educational Group E Factory Group F High-Hazard Group H Institutional Group I
Mercantile Group M Residential Group R Storage Group S Utility & Miscellaneous
Group U
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Occupant Load Factors
Use/Function of Space NFPA ICC
2006 LSC IBC 2006
Table 7.3.1.2 T-1004.1.1
ft2 /occupant ft2 /occupant
Assembly – Gaming floors (keno, slots, etc.) 11 gross 11 gross
Assembly with fixes seats See Slide See Slide
Assembly without fixed seats
Concentrated (chairs only – not fixed) 7 net 7 net
Standing space 3 net 5 net
Unconcentrated (tables and chairs) 15 net 15 net
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Gross Floor Area
The floor area within the inside perimeter of the exterior walls of the building exclusive of vents shafts and interior courts . . .
(2006 IBC)
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Net Floor Area
The actual occupied area not including unoccupied accessory areas such as corridors, stairways, toilet rooms, mechanical rooms and closets.
(2006 IBC)
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Occupant Load Factors
Use/Function of Space NFPA ICC
2006 LSC IBC 2006
Table 7.3.1.2 T-1004.1.1
ft2 /occupant ft2 /occupant
Bowling centers, 5 persons/lane including 15 feet of runway
7 net 7 net
Business (e.g., offices) 100 gross 100 gross
Courtrooms – other than fixed seating areas NR 40 net
Dormitories 200 gross 50 gross
Educational
Classroom area 20 net 20 net
Shop and other vocational room areas (e.g., dormitories)
50 net 50 net
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AREA = 30,074SF
BUSINESS OFFICE
STORE ROOM(3,000SF)
CONFERENCEROOM(3,000SF)
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Egress –Minimum Number of Exits
Occupant Load per Story
LSC ICC
NFPA 101-2006 IBC 2006
Section 7.4.1.2 Table 1019.1
500 or less 2 2
501 – 1,000 3 3
Over 1,000 4 4
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Effect of Partitions on Exit Count
Fig. 1004.1.1 again to explain number of exits if partitioned.
.
(2006 IBC)
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Minimum Exit Widths
Stairs & Corridors – 44 inches
Doors – Clear width of 32 inches
There are exceptions for each.
(2006 IBC)
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Minimum Exit Width for Stair
Fig. 1009.4(1) – min. exit width of stair
.START……………
(2006 IBC)
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Measuring Door Clear Width
Fig. 1008.1.1(2) – min. exit width of door and clear width
Start…..
(2006 IBC)
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Minimum Corridor Width
Fig. 1005.2 regarding corridor widths
.
(2006 IBC)
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Determining Exit Capacity
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Vertical Exits
Capacity is based on largest occupant count on one floor served by the stair; not cumulative.
Exception: when 2 or more floors converge into the stairwell.
Width cannot decrease in the direction of exit.
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Convergent Occupants in Stairwell
Fig. 1004.5(2) To illustrate previous text slide.
.
(2006 IBC)
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Egress –Exit Access Travel Distance
Exits shall be so located that the maximum length of exit access travel, measured from the most remote point to the entrance to an exit along the natural and unobstructed path of egress travel . . .
(2006 IBC)
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Egress –Exit Access Travel Distances
Use Group LSC ICC
NFPA 101-2006 IBC 2006
Table A.7.6.1 Table 1016.1
Without sprinkler
With sprinkler
Without sprinkler
With sprinkler
feet feet feet feet
A 150 200 200 250
B 200 300 200 300
E 150 200 200 250
F-1 200 250 200 250
F-2 300 400 300 400
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Egress –Buildings with One Exit (1 story)
Use Group Maximumnumber of stories
above grade
NFPANFPA 101-2006
ICCIBC 2006
Section 7.4.1.1 and occupancy chapters
Section 1019.2
occupants / feet of travel occupants / feet of travel
A 1 Story Two exits required 49 / 75
B 1 Story 100 / 100 49 / 75
E 1 Story Two exits required 49 / 75
F 1 Story NR / 50 49 / 75
H-2 1 Story Two exits required 3 / 25
H-3 1 Story Two exits required 3 / 25
H-4 1 Story Two exits required 10 / 75
I 1 Story Two exits required 10 /75
M 1 Story NR / 75 49 / 75
R 1 Story NR / NR 10 / 75
S 1 Story See occupancy Chpt 30 / 75
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Egress –Buildings with One Exit (2 story)
Use Group Maximumnumber of stories
above grade
NFPANFPA 101-2006
ICCIBC 2006
Section 7.4.1.1 and occupancy chapters
Section 1019.2
occupants / feet of travel occupants / feet of travel
B 2 Stories Two exits required 49 / 75
F 2 Stories Two exits required 49 / 75
M 2 Stories NR / 50 49 / 75
S 2 Stories See occupancy Chpt 29 / 100
U 2 Stories Two exits required 49 / 75
R-2 2 Stories 4 dwelling units 50 feet
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Egress –Common Path of Travel
The distance measured from the most remote point in a space to the point in the exit path where the occupant has access to two required exits in separate directions.
(2006 IBC Commentary)
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Egress –Common Path of Egress Travel
Use Group LSC ICC
NFPA 101-2006 IBC 2006
Table A.7.6 Section 1014.3
W/out sprinkler With sprinkler W/out sprinkler With sprinkler
feet feet feet Feet
A 20/75 20/75 75 75
B 75 100 75 100
E 75 100 75 75
F 50 50 75 100
I-1 75 100 75 75
I-2 NR NR 75 75
I-3 50 100 100 100
M 75 100 75 75
R-1/R-2 35 50 75 75/125
S-1 50 100 75 100
S-2 NR NR 75 100
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100'
75' MAX
50' MAX
_<
EXIT EXIT
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Dead End Distance
Where more than one exit or exit access doorway is required, the exit access shall be arranged such that there are no dead end corridors greater than 20 feet in length.
(2006 IBC)
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EXIT
"X"
EXIT
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Egress –Dead End Corridors/Passageways
Use Group LSC ICC
NFPA 101-2006 (Table A.7.6) IBC 2006 (Section 1017.3)
Without sprinkler With sprinkler Without sprinkler With sprinkler
feet feet feet Feet
A 20 20 20 20
B 20 50 20 50
E 20 50 20 20
F 50 50 20 50
H 0 0 20 20
I-1 20 50 20 20
I-2 30 30 20 20
I-3 50 50 20 50
M 20 50 20 20
R-1/R-2 35 50 20 20
S-1 50 100 20 20
S-2 NR NR 20 20
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Other Items for Egress Review
Fire Resistance of Egress Components (exit access corridors, passageways, etc.)
Opening Protectives (doors, through-penetrations, fire and smoke dampers, etc.)
Signage and Emergency Lighting Accessibility (areas of refuge, ramps, etc.) Remoteness of Exits
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Egress –Corridor Fire Resistance Ratings
Use Group LSC ICC
NFPA 101-2006 IBC 2006
Section 7.1.3.1 & occupancy Chapters
Section 1017.1
W/out sprinkler With sprinkler W/out sprinkler With sprinkler
hours hours hours hours
A, B, E & F 1 1 1 0
H 1 1 N/P 1
I-1 1 0 NP 1
I-2 1 0 NP 0
I-3 1 0 NP 1
M 1 0 1 0
R 1 1/2 N/P 1
S & U 1 0 1 0
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Additional Comparison of Egress –IBC and NFPA 101, LSC
Handout material
Thank You