the era of good feelings. the end of the federalists war of 1812 – 1814-feds hold hartford...
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James Monroe Elected 1816 Ends the VP being loser Federalist party dead – Little opposition for Monroe First term is known as the “Era of Good Feelings” – A lot got done because both houses and president worked togetherTRANSCRIPT
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The Era of Good Feelings
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The End of the Federalists
• War of 1812– 1814-Feds hold Hartford
Convention– Propose Amendments to
Constitution• Attempt to break the hold
of Virginia– Bad News
• War ends• Feds look bad• Party is virtually dead
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James Monroe• Elected 1816• Ends the VP being loser• Federalist party dead
– Little opposition for Monroe
• First term is known as the “Era of Good Feelings”– A lot got done because
both houses and president worked together
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Accomplishments
• Adams-Onis Treaty– America gains Florida
from Spain• Second Bank of the
United States (BUS)– Rechartered in 1816 for
20 years• 1st Seminole War– America victorious in
1819
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The American System• Proposed by Henry Clay (S-
Kentucky)• 3 part system
– Tariff to protect and promote American industry
– National Bank to foster commerce
– federal subsides for roads, canals, and other 'internal improvements' to develop profitable markets for agriculture
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Monroe Doctrine• Introduced Dec. 2, 1823• S. American nations on
verge of independence from Spain– US wants Europe out
• The Doctrine– Europe stay out of affairs in
the Americas– US will stay out of affairs in
Europe and their colonies– Breaking it will be seen as act
of aggression
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End of Good Feelings
• Missouri Compromise– Splits pro and anti slavery
factions• Pro: want Missouri as slave
state and all LP territory open for it
• Anti: Want slavery abolished in LP territories
– Compromise• Missouri comes in as slave
state• No slavery north of 36°30'
north
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The Death Nail• Election of 1824
– JQA v. Andrew Jackson• Majority for AJ
– War hero & spoke to republicanism
– Against the BUS• The “Corrupt Bargain”
– Election goes to House– Clay hates AJ– Urges congress to vote JQA
• He becomes sec. of state
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The Marshall Court• Fletcher v. Peck- 1810
– Supreme court ruled state law unconstitutional for the 1st time
– Involved land grants from Georgia
– Later session of the state legislature tried to invalidate land grants• Grants obtained through bribery
and fruad
• Ruling: Constitution forbade states to “impair the obligation of contracts”
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• Dartmouth College v. Woodward-1819– Upheld sanctity of contracts– NH legislature tried to revise
college charter=public not private college
– Pres. Of university wanted it, trustees didn’t
– Original charter grated during colonial era
• Ruling: Contract could not be changed w/out consent of both parties
• McCulloch v. Maryland-1819– Upheld constitutionality of 2nd
BUS– Several states tried for force
branches of BUS out of business– State placed $15,000 tax on
Baltimore branch– 3 questions: did congress have
power to charter bank, could state tax a fed. Agency, who had supreme power state of fed. Gov’t
• Ruling: congress had implied powers, states could not tax the bank, fed. Gov’t supreme
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• Johnson v. McIntosh-1823– Who has jurisdiction over indian
tribes– Tribes sold land to white settlers– Later, tribes sell land to fed
gov’t including some already sold
– US grants homestead rights on land already claimed
• Ruling: Only fed gov’t has right to purchase land from tribes not individual citizens or states
• Cherokee Nation v. Georgia- 1823– Cherokee Nation considered
themselves foreign nation so took case to SP
– Geogria passes law forbidding tibal legislature and courts
– Tribe was not foreign nation• Ruling: Tribes had special
status within nation, fed gov’t protects tribal welfare
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• Gibbons v. Ogden-1824– Concerned the juridiction over
control of interstate commerce– NY awarded steamboat
company monopoly on passenger service across Hudson River across NJ
– States can only regulate commerce within own borders
– Allowed country to develop without retraints from states
• Ruling: Only fed gov’t has control over interstate commerce
• Worcester v. Georgia-1832– Most important tribal
decisions– Georgia said any US citizen
entering Cherokee territory had to have permission of governor
– Two missionaries sued– Tribes were sovereign entities
with authority• Ruling: Only federal gov’t
had ultimate authority over tribes