the endocrine system
DESCRIPTION
The endocrine system. Prepared by: Sharina Hadji Manan Johara T. Udtog. Hormones. [Gk. Hormao instigate], are chemical messenger produced in one part of the body that controls the activity of other parts. Three types of HORMONES. Steroid Hormone Derivatives of the Amino Acid Tyrosine - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Prepared by:
Sharina Hadji MananJohara T. Udtog
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[Gk. Hormao instigate], are chemical messenger produced in one part of the body that controls the activity of other parts.
Hormones
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Three types of HORMONES
Steroid Hormone
Derivatives of the Amino Acid
Tyrosine
Proteins or Peptides
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PRINCIPAL ENDOCRINE GLANDSAND
HORMONES IN THE BODY
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Endocrine Gland:
HypothalamusHormone Released:
Hypothalamic -releasin & release-inhibiting hormonesTarget Tissues/Organs:
Anterior pituitaryFunction(s) of Hormones:
Regulate anterior pituitary hormones
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Endocrine Gland:
Posterior pituitaryHormone Released:
Antidiuretic (ADH)Target Tissues/Organs:
KidneysFunction(s) of Hormones:
Stimulates water reabsorption
by kidneys
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Endocrine Gland:
Posterior pituitaryHormone Released:
OxytocinTarget Tissues/Organs:
Uterus, mammary glandsFunction(s) of Hormones:
Stimulates uterine muscle construction, release of milk by mammary glands
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Endocrine Gland:
Anterior PituitaryHormone Released:
Thyroid-stimulating (TSH)Target Tissues/Organs:
ThyroidFunction(s) of Hormones:
Stimulates thyroid hormone
Synthesis and secretion
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Endocrine Gland:
Anterior PituitaryHormone Released:
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)Target Tissues/Organs:
Adrenal cortexFunction(s) of Hormones:
Stimulates adrenal cortex
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Endocrine Gland:
Anterior PituitaryHormone Released:
Gonadotropic [follicle-Gonads stimulating (FSH),luteinizing (LH)Target Tissues/Organs:
GonadsFunction(s) of Hormones:
Egg and sperm production and sex hormone production
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Endocrine Gland:
Anterior PituitaryHormone Released:
Prolactin (PRL)Target Tissues/Organs:
Mammary glandsFunction(s) of Hormones:
Milk production
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Endocrine Gland:
Anterior PituitaryHormone Released:
Growth (GH)Target Tissues/Organs:
Soft tissues bonesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Cell division, protein synthesis and bone growth
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Endocrine Gland:
Anterior PituitaryHormone Released:
Melanocyte-stimulating (MSH)Target Tissues/Organs:
Melanocytes in skinFunction(s) of Hormones:
Unknown function in humans regulates skin color in lower vertebrate
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Endocrine Gland:
ThyroidHormone Released:
Thyroxine (T4) and triidothyronine (T3)Target Tissues/Organs:
All tissuesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Increase metabolic rate; Regulates growth and development
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Endocrine Gland:
ParathyroidHormone Released:
Parathyroid (PTH)Target Tissues/Organs:
Bones, kidneys, intestineFunction(s) of Hormones:
Raises blood calcium level
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Endocrine Gland:
ThyroidHormone Released:
CalcitoninTarget Tissues/Organs:
Bones, kidneys, intestineFunction(s) of Hormones:
Lower blood calcium level
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Endocrine Gland:
Adrenal cortexHormone Released:
Glucocorticoids (cortisol) Target Tissues/Organs:
All tissuesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Raises blood glucose level; stimulate breakdown of protein
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Endocrine Gland:
Adrenal cortexHormone Released:
Mineralocorticoids (cortisol) Target Tissues/Organs:
All tissuesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Reabsorb sodium and excrete potassium
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Endocrine Gland:
Adrenal cortexHormone Released:
Sex hormonesTarget Tissues/Organs:
Gonads, skin, muscles, bonesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Stimulate reproductive organs and bring about sex characteristics
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Endocrine Gland:
Adrenal medullaHormone Released:
Epinephrine and norepinephrineTarget Tissues/Organs:
Cardiac and other musclesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Emergency situations; raise blood glucose level
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Endocrine Gland:
PancreasHormone Released:
InsulinTarget Tissues/Organs:
Liver, muscles; adipose tissuesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Lower blood glucose level; promotes formation of glycogen
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Endocrine Gland:
PancreasHormone Released:
GlucagonTarget Tissues/Organs:
Liver, muscles; adipose tissuesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Raises blood glucose level
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Endocrine Gland:
TestesHormone Released:
Androgens (testosterone)Target Tissues/Organs:
Gonads, skin, muscles, bonesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Stimulate secondary male sex characteristics
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Endocrine Gland:
OvariesHormone Released:
Estrogens and progesteroneTarget Tissues/Organs:
Gonads, skin, muscles, bonesFunction(s) of Hormones:
Stimulate female sex characteristics
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Endocrine Gland:
Pineal glandHormone Released:
MelatoninTarget Tissues/Organs:
BrainFunction(s) of Hormones:
Circadian and circannual rhythms; possibly involved in maturation of sex organs