the egyptian empire
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The Egyptian Empire. Chapter 4 Section 1 . Warm up. What did King Tut’s father do during his rule? How did this affect the Empire? What was the most important thing King Tut did during his rule? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Egyptian Empire
Chapter 4Section 1
What did King Tut’s father do during his rule?
How did this affect the Empire? What was the most important thing King Tut
did during his rule? Write down a description of what Egyptians
believe happens when they die. How do they get to the afterlife?
Warm up
After the prosperity of the Middle Kingdom,
Egypt descended into war and violence. Caused by a streak of weak pharaohs. The weakened Egypt eventually fell to
invaders who utilized chariots. Hyksos. This invasion shook the Egyptians
confidence in their desert barriers.
Nomadic Invaders Rule Egypt
During the rule of the Hyksos, the Hebrews
migrated into Egypt. The Egyptians hated the Hyksos and the
Hebrews but they were powerless to remove them.
Hebrews Migrate to Egypt
The Egyptians had a series of warlike rulers
who began to help restore Egypt’s power. The Egyptians eventually ran the Hyksos
out of Egypt. The Hebrews remained in Egypt and were
enslaved, forced to work hard labor.
Expulsion and Slavery
After getting rid of the Hyksos, the pharaohs of
the New Kingdom wanted to strengthen Egypt by building an empire. – an empire brings several peoples or states under the control of one ruler. During the New Kingdom era, Egypt becomes
more wealthy and powerful than ever before. Equipped with bronze weapons and chariots, the
Egyptians became conquerors. Their armies contained archers, charioteers,
and infantry.
The New Kingdom of Egypt
Took power because her stepson was too
young to rule. Hatshepsut spent her time encouraging trade
rather than only waging war. These trading expeditions brought even
more wealth into the Empire.
Hatshepsut’s Prosperous Rule
Hatshepsut’s stepson. He was much more
warlike than Hatshepsut. It is possible that he murdered Hatshepsut.
Thutmose pushed the Egyptian armies into Nubia – a region of Africa on the Nile river, south of Egypt. The Egyptians had traded with the Nubians
since the time of the Middle Kingdom, but now Egypt was so strong, they just took them over.
Thutmose Builds an Empire
Egypt’s conquest had brought them into
conquest with the Hittites. After a few small battles, the Egyptian
Pharaoh Ramses II and a Hittite king made a treaty that promised “peace and brotherhood between us forever.” Aka, bffs.
The Egyptians and the Hittites
In search of security in the afterlife – and
protection from grave robbers – they hid their tombs beneath desert cliffs.
They also built elaborate temples and huge palaces for themselves.
An Age of Builders
Ramses II was one of the greatest builders of
the New Kingdom. He had huge statues of himself built all over
the empire. He was incredibly full of himself and
wanted history to remember him as superman.
Other strong civilizations rose to challenge
Egypt’s power.
The Empire Declines
Both the Egyptians, and their friends, the
Hittites were attacked by invaders called the “Sea Peoples”. We don’t know exactly who they were, but
they caused great destruction. In the east, Palestinians were rebelling against
the Egyptian Empire and in the west, Libyans began raiding Egyptian villages.
Invasions by Land and Sea
After suffering the invasions, Egypt never
recovered its previous power. The Empire broke up into regional units, and
numerous smaller kingdoms took its place. These kingdoms were not united and
wanted to maintain their independence. The individual kingdoms soon fell to their
neighbors invasions.
Egypt’s Empire Fades
Libyans crossed the desert from the west and
Libyan pharaohs ruled Egypt. Instead of imposing their own culture, the
Libyans adopted the Egyptian way of life.