the ecomonitor

The ECOmonitor

Ryan CimoszkoHarvir Mann

Brian LeeAmandeep Grewal

Ecological Monitoring System

Project Demonstration – December 15, 2009

Ecological Monitoring System

Project Demonstration – December 15, 2009

Agenda

1. Motivation1. Motivation

2. Overview2. Overview

3. Business Aspects3. Business Aspects

4. Technical Details4. Technical Details

5. Conclusion & Discussion5. Conclusion & Discussion

Project Motivation

2009 BC Wild Fires Destroyed some hundreds of hectares of land in West

Kelowna Evacuation of over 17,000 residents

Average of 2,000 wildfires a year in BC


Project Overview

Monitoring of ANY environmental condition Temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion,

humidity etc.Applications

Environmental Monitoring Wildfire Detection Habitat Monitoring (Research)

Other Applications Greenhouse Monitoring Healthcare Monitoring


System Overview

Monitoring StationsMonitoring Stations

Base StationBase Station


Business Aspects – Market

Research and Data Collection Government Environmental Research Groups

Monitoring and Detection Government Industrial Corporations


Business Aspects – Cost

Cost highly dependent on sensors

Monitoring Station Cost

Base Station Cost

Materials PriceMicrocontroller 10.00$ Casing 20.00$ Wireless Module 40.00$ Misc. Parts 30.00$ Total 100.00$


Materials PriceWireless Transmission kit 100.00$ Casing 20.00$ Total 120.00$

Business Aspects – Financing

Business Plan Business Loan

Environment Canada EcoAction Community Funding Program

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Center For Environmental Research


Business Aspects – Competition

National Instruments Wireless Sensor Network:

Sensor Node $495 Base Station $980

Crossbow Technology eKo Starter System

4 Sensor Nodes 1 Base station Software


High Level System Design

Measured Data #(N-1)

Monitoring Station #N OUTPUTS

Measured Data #N

INPUTS

Environmental Conditions Signal

ProcessingData

BufferWireless

Transmitter

Monitoring Station #(N-1)

Environmental Conditions

Signal Processing

Data Buffer

Wireless Transmitter

Wireless Receiver

WebpageDatabase Storage

Base Station

Monitoring Station

Environmental Conditions

Measured Data #1

Measured Data #(N-1)

Signal Processing

Data Buffer

Wireless Transmitter

Wireless Receiver

Measured Data #N

Micro-Controller

Wireless Receiver

PC


Technical Details

Micrcontroller Modules AVR 40 Pin Development Kit Atmega32

Sensors Temp/Humidity Sensor – Sensirion CO2 Sensor – Futurelec

Software Database – Python, Pyserial, MysqldB Website – HTML, Javascript, PHP

Wireless Transmitter/Receiver XBee Pro Module


Microcontroller Module

AVR 40 pin Development Board


Microcontroller

ATMega32


Sensors

Temperature Humidity Sensors Sensirion SHT10 Temperature 14-bit (0.015625°C) Humidity 12-bit (0.0625°C)

Analog CO2 Sensors Futurlec MG811


Temperature/Humidity Sensor

Transmission Start Sequence

Connection Reset Sequence


CO2 Sensor

Atmega32 built-in ADC channelsDifferential Inputs (10bits) – reduce ground

noise effectsPortA – used PortA.2(neg) and PortA.3(pos)Adjust internal special function registers


Wireless Overview

XBEE Module USART connected to microcontroller Transmitter capable of 1500ft transmission

in an urban environment. Up to 15 km Line of Sight Transmission Transmits at 900Mhz Frequency Range Dynamic Transmission rate


Wireless Hopping – Send/Receive Data

Send Parameters Origin Station ID Current Station ID Hopping Control

Receive Parameters Transmitting Station ID Receiving Station ID Header Flag


OSID(2 Bytes) CSID ( 2 Bytes) HC(1 Byte) Temp ( 5 Bytes) Humidity (5 Bytes) CO2(5 Bytes)

Wireless Hopping – Adaptive Transmit

3 2 1 Base Station

03030[Data Packet]

2nd try 03011[Data Packet]

1st try 03021[Data Packet]

03011[Data Packet]

03020[Data Packet]


Wireless Hopping – Retransmit

Retransmission controlled via CSID and OSID of incoming packet If CSID of Incoming packet – Current Station ID = 1

Retransmission condition is met HC Flag is checked

HC = 0 results in station transmitting own data


Wireless Hopping – Retransmit

NN0[Data Packet] N(N-1)1[Data Packet] N011[Data Packet]

Max ID = N N - 1 N-2 1…

0100[Data Packet]N(N-1)1[Data Packet]

Base Station

N(N-2)1[Data Packet]


Wireless Hopping – Base Station

PC is USB connected to XBee modulePython serial interface

Receives 20 byte input from station 1 or 2 Performs data integrity check Converts data into numerical values and writes to

the databaseSystem Re-initialization

Adaptive re-initialization scheme


Wireless Hopping – Re-initialization

Re-initialization packet transmits Hopping Control flag to the highest station in the wireless chain. Max ID signifies the highest node ID in the network

Re-initialization scheme uses Send and Acknowledgement scheme

OSID(2 Bytes) CSID(2 Bytes) HC(1 Byte) MaxID(2 Bytes) Null Data(13 Bytes)


Wireless Hopping – Re-initialization

Max ID = NN - 121 …

00020maxID[13 0’s] 000NmaxID[13 0’s]Ack = 00010maxID[13 0’s]

Base Station

Transmit = 00000maxID[13 0’s] 00100maxID[13 0’s] 00(N-1)00maxID[13 0’s]


Wireless Hopping – Adaptive Passback

N - 1 2 1… Base Station

00(N-1)1N[13 0’s]

Max ID = N

00011N[13 0’s]

00000N[13 0’s]

000021[13 0’s]


Database & Website Component

Database MySQL Server – UNIX O/S

Website Server-Side Scripting: PHP

Communication between MySQL database and website

Client-Side Scripting: Javascript Communication between the user and the website


Base Station & Database Communication

Python/MySQL Communication Extract data from the packet at the base station Send data directly to MySQL database

Putty Secure Shell (SSH) Tunnel between base station and server


Database Structure

Time Stamp Station ID Sensor 1 Sensor 2 Sensor 3 … Sensor N

2009/01/01 00:00:00 1 S11,T0 S21,T0 S31,T0 … SN1,T0

2009/01/01 00:00:00 2 S12,T0 S22,T0 S32,T0 … SN2,T0

2009/01/01 00:00:00 3 S13,T0 S23,T0 S33,T0 … SN3,T0

2009/01/01 00:00:00

… … … … …

2009/01/01 00:00:00 n S1n,T0 S2n,T0 S3n,T0 … SNn,T0

2009/01/01 …

… … … … …

2009/01/01 24:00:00 1 S11,T24 S21,T24 S31,T24 … SN1,T24

2009/01/01 24:00:00 2 S12,T24 S22,T24 S32,T24 … SN2,T24

2009/01/01 24:00:00 3 S13,T24 S23,T24 S33,T24 … SN3,T24

2009/01/01 24:00:00

… … … … …

2009/01/01 24:00:00 n S1n,T24 S2n,T24 S3n,T24 … SNn,T24

…

2009/12/31 00:00:00 1 S11,T0 S21,T0 S31,T0 … SN1,T0

2009/12/31 00:00:00 2 S12,T0 S22,T0 S32,T0 … SN2,T0

2009/12/31 00:00:00 3 S13,T0 S23,T0 S33,T0 … SN3,T0

2009/12/31 00:00:00

… … … … …

2009/12/31 00:00:00 n S1n,T0 S2n,T0 S3n,T0 … SNn,T0

2009/12/31 …

… … … … …

2009/12/31 24:00:00 1 S11,T24 S21,T24 S31,T24 … SN1,T24

2009/12/31 24:00:00 2 S12,T24 S22,T24 S32,T24 … SN2,T24

2009/12/31 24:00:00 3 S13,T24 S23,T24 S33,T24 … SN3,T24

2009/12/31 24:00:00

… … … … …

2009/12/31 24:00:00 n S1n,T24 S2n,T24 S3n,T24 … SNn,T24


Website Graphing


Website Graphing Features

Real-time updatingAble to select:

Which data type to view Which station to view The time interval


Budget

Required Material Estimated Costs Actual Costs

Solar Panels $ 170 - (Used 6V battery instead)

Wireless Transmitters $ 80 $ 100

Developmental kit $ 200 $ 210

Microcontrollers $ 300 $ 300

CO2 Sensors $ 40 $ 95

Temperature Sensor $ 30 $ 20

Humidity Sensors $ 80 $ 180

Server Space - $ 35

ADC - $ 20

Miscellaneous $ 40 $ 152

Total Cost $ 940 $ 1112


7-Se

p14

-Sep

21-S

ep28

-Sep

5-O

ct12

-Oct

19-O

ct26

-Oct

2-N

ov9-

Nov

16-N

ov23

-Nov

30-N

ov7-

Dec

14-D

ec

Research

Project ProposalConfigure Sensor Circuitry

Functional SpecificationDesign Specification

Configure MicrocontrollerConfigure Wireless Reciever

Configure Wireless Transmitter

Progress ReportWebsite Development

Integartion and Debugging

Schedule


What We Learned

Non-Technical Project Management Conflict Resolution Teamwork

Technical Wireless Networking Protocols Database Management Web Development


Future Work

Refine Wireless Transmission ProtocolSolar Charging SystemExperimentation with Additional SensorsAdditional Graphical User Interface Functionality


Conclusion

The vast majority of the functionality we hoped to have for this product was met. The proof of concept was adequately met and through further refinement this product should be commercially viable.


Sources and Acknowledgments

Dr. Ash Parameswaran in helping us to find Sensors

Dr. Jie Liang for helping us to determine network viability


Discussion

Thank you for your time. We would now like to open up the floor to any questions.


Additional Resources

the ecomonitor

Documents

business aspects4

wireles module

hundreds of hectares

mysqldbwebsite html

west kelowna evacuation

technical details5