the early middle ages: the feudal spirit
DESCRIPTION
The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit. How’d Europe Change After The Fall Of Rome?. To this. From This…. The Age of Charlemagne. Descended from Franks: valued war and destruction Blend of two cultures during reign of Charlemagne Kingdom: Large European kingdom, from the Rhine to Spain - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit
![Page 2: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How’d Europe Change After The Fall Of Rome?
From This… To this.
![Page 3: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Age of Charlemagne• Descended from
Franks: valued war and destruction
• Blend of two cultures during reign of Charlemagne
• Kingdom: Large European kingdom, from the Rhine to Spain
• Renewed interest in learning and arts
![Page 4: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Carolingian Renaissance• His interest in culture assembled group of
scholars and artists. This is against the negative stereotype of the Middle Ages.
• Borrowed imperial ideal from Rome and Byzantium
• Monks copied manuscripts and painted, learned chants and interpreted the Bible.
• Alcuin of York, teacher: revival of learning and literacy. Attempted universal education – again, against the stereotype.
![Page 5: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Charlemagne’s Court• Pilgrimage to Rome in
800. Crowned Holy Roman Emperor. First large-scale monarch since Roman times.
• Charlemagne’s kingdom only lasted one generation after his death – split it up between his children.
• New wave of invasions: Muslims, Hungarians, Vikings
Charlemagne, ready to save the damsel in distress – the Pope.
![Page 6: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Feudal Europe• France and England
bore the brunt of Viking invasions
• Decentralized government system: feudal estates
• Feudalism: system based on vows of military service and ownership of land.
• Based on grant of lands by lords to vassals (middlemen) in return for service
![Page 7: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Castles served as refuge for the feudal estate during war
• Crusaders came back and improved them – stone instead of wood!
• Fortresses intended to defend against siege, not for comfort
• Decoration of castles simple tapestries to protect from cold
![Page 8: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chivalry• Emerged as a way to
enforce loyalty.• Loyal to lord, not sleep
with his wife, or surrender his castle as well as religious devotion and service to ladies
• Tournaments: feasting, pageantry and dance
• Professional warriors (knights) emerged
![Page 9: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Chivalric CodesDo not copy; these are just examples• Thou shalt believe all that the Church teaches, and shalt observe
all its directions. • Thou shalt defend the Church. • Thou shalt respect all weaknesses, and shalt constitute thyself the
defender of them. • Thou shalt love the country in which thou wast born. • Thou shalt not recoil before thine enemy. • Thou shalt make war against the Infidel without cessation, and
without mercy. • Thou shalt perform scrupulously thy feudal duties, if they be not
contrary to the laws of God. • Thou shalt never lie, and shall remain faithful to thy pledged word. • Thou shalt be generous, and give largess to everyone. • Thou shalt be everywhere and always the champion of the Right
and the Good against Injustice and Evil.
![Page 10: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Norman Invasion of England• In 1066, England was ruled by
the Anglo-Saxon king EDWARD THE CONFESSOR. When he died that year, his relative HAROLD became king despite Edward possibly naming a Norman king.
• Harold quickly became involved in fighting new and fearsome invasions by the Vikings.
• Harold also had reason to fear across the English Channel in the French region of Normandy.
![Page 11: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Normans• The Normans were ruled by
Duke William of Normandy. He claimed that the dead Edward the Confessor had promised the throne of England to him.
• In 1066, William sailed with thousands of soldiers and Norman nobles. They invaded England to take the throne from Harold. Harold’s troops were exhausted from just having defeated the Vikings – and they were defeated by the Normans at the BATTLE OF HASTINGS in 1066.
![Page 12: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bayeux Tapestry
![Page 13: The Early Middle Ages: The Feudal Spirit](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062813/5681660c550346895dd94839/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
William the Conqueror – William I of England
• The Normans brought French language, culture, and legal system to England. For many generations the Normans and Anglo-Saxons of England struggled for power and to live together.
• William the Conqueror united England under his control. He used military force and bureaucracy.• He built many castles throughout the kingdom for his
forces to rule from – such as the Tower of London and Windsor Castle.
• He established the DOMESDAY (not Doomsday) BOOK which was a bureaucratic survey of the kingdom.