the dilemma of foreign aid to burma/myanmar · to burma/myanmar lex rieffel and james w. fox ......
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The Dilemma of Foreign AidTo Burma/Myanmar
Lex Rieffel and James W. Fox
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Robert Nathan (left) with
U Nu 1954
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Historical, political, economic background
The Paris Declaration Incentives for donor professionals Key challenges Implications for the government Implications for the donors
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The resource curse Emerging macroeconomic policies Evolving financial system Poor infrastructure Neglected agriculture Woeful education and health The vested interests
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Refugees/migrants in Thailand 2008 Constitution and the Military Ethnic Minorities and Peace Process ASEAN Chair in 2014 and Elections in
2015 China on the defensive U.S. sanctions suspended, not lifted
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Five Principles Agreed in Paris (2005), refined in Accra (2008) and Busan (2011)
Country Ownership Alignment Harmonization Results-oriented Mutually Accountable
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Strong Progress on Country Ownership Modest Progress on Alignment Less Progress on Harmonization Almost no Progress on Results Orientation or
Mutual Accountability Only one of 12 Time-bound Targets for 2010
had been met
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Move the Money Build Up Staff Promise More than Can Be Delivered Keep Secrets from Other Donors Prefer Owned Projects to Joint Ones
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Achieving Peace Managing Political Processes Continuing Macroeconomic
Reforms Managing Private Capital
Flows Controlling Resource
Extraction Reversing Land Grabbing Energizing Agriculture Expanding Education
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Policies more important than plans Say “No” more often Policy officials now, institutions later Require more joint donor activities Keep donor coordination in its place It’s about people, not resources Be coherent and consistent
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Give policymakers more space Build capacity before doing projects First of all: do no harm Avoid institutional rivalries Tolerate alternative approaches Be realistic Be innovative
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Background on Myanmar Challenges to the Myanmar Government The Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness Implementation Experience of Donors Incentives for Donor Professionals Recommendations
For the Government of Myanmar For Donors