the digestive system yaneli gonzalez, yshia condezo, chelsea ……
TRANSCRIPT
The Digestive SystemYaneli Gonzalez, Yshia Condezo, Chelsea ……
Effects of Aging
Gastrointestinal disorders increase with age Example: Periodontitis – common in elderly
Esophagus is prone to disorders with age Examples:
Hiatal Hernia – A portion of the esophagus normally found inferior to the diaphragm can protrude into the thoracic cavity
Heartburn – Caused by the lower esophagus sphincter opening inappropriately and allowing chyme to regurgitate into the esophagus
Chest Pain – May occur when this sphincter fails to open and a bolus cannot enter the stomach
Diverticulum – May develop in the esophagus and allow food to collect abnormally
Effects of Aging
Muscle wall loses tone Peptic ulcers increase in frequency Failure for older people to consume enough fiber
Results in diverticulosis, constipation, hemorrhoids, and fecal incontinence
Liver problems Examples:
Shrinks with age and receives a smaller blood supply Takes longer for the liver to metabolize drugs and alcohol
Gallbladder difficulties Examples:
Gallstones Cancer in various organs of the gastrointestinal tract, such as
pancreatic cancer
Homeostasis
In the alimentary canal, food is broken down into nutrients small enough to be absorbed by the villi of the small intestine
Digestive enzyms are produced by the salivary, gastric, and intestinel glands
Accessories of digestion that contribute secretions that help break down food: Pancreas – produces enzymes for the digestion of carbs,
proteins, and fat
Liver- produces bile which emulsifies fat
Gallbladder- stores bile
Homeostasis
The alimentary canal is also a part of the endocrine system since hormones such as secretin are produced here to regulate the secretions of the glands in the canal.