the diablo real-time gas analyzer webinar
DESCRIPTION
The webinar presents how the Diablo RTGA provides fast chemical analysis for fuels research and development with a specific focus on “Syngas.” Syngas is a very flexible intermediate both in terms of source materials, gas composition and use. For example, either coal or biomass can generate Syngas mixtures. Other materials such as water can alter the final gas composition for different end uses. If the use is fuel cells, then the Syngas should be rich in hydrogen gas and low in carbon monoxide. If the use is diesel manufacturing, then the Syngas could shift to be high in carbon monoxide. Finally, the Syngas might be targeted to natural gas type uses with high methane levels. All of these possible uses as well as many other possibilities require an economically viable process. This final requirement means that optimization and study are essential. This presentation will be of particular interest if you work in the follow areas: - Laboratory gas monitoring - Engineering Development labs - Biofuel Research and Development labs - Academic Institution - Or if you are a Chemist, MS Lab Engineer, Petrochemical, MS Lab Manager, or Process Control Manager. Original Webinar Presentation: June 18, 2012.TRANSCRIPT
WELCOME!
Fast Chemical Analysis of Fuel Cells R&D
with the Diablo 5000A RTGA
Real Time Gas Analyzer
Agenda
16:00 -16:05 Welcome & Introductions, Agenda Review
16:05 -16:10 About Diablo Analytical
16:10 - 16:30 Fast Chemical Analysis for Fuels R&D
16:30 - 16:40 Gas Generation for Fuel Cells “Syngas” Applications
16:40 - 16:50 Overview RTGA Hardware and Agilent 5975C Mass Spectrometer
16:50 - 17:00 Questions & Answers
Introducing Dr. Terry Ramus
Fast Chemical Analysis of Fuel Cells
R&Dwith the Diablo 5000A RTGA
Real Time Gas Analyzer
About Diablo Analytical Inc.
Antioch, California, USA
Fast Chemical Analysis of Fuel Cells R&Dwith the Diablo 5000A Real Time Gas
Analyzer
Dr. Terry Ramus – Diablo Analytical Inc.
Fuels Power our Modern Economy Alternative Sources are driving the production of alternative fuels
Traditional Hydrocarbon Sources versus alternative Biomass Sources
Biomass Sources can be processed into “Syngas”
Syngas and Related Energy Strategy
Syngas: H2, COwith H20, CH4, CO2
Fuel Cell: Hydrocarbons to H2
Coal Gasification: C to CH4, etc.
Other Inputs ??:Water, air, temp, pressure, catalysts
Biomass Pyrolysis: Waste to fuel
Fuel Cell Operation: H2 to electric power
Alcohol Production: Syngas to MeOH
Diesel Production:Fischer-Tropsch
Source Material “Process” Application/Fuel
5975C Performance Turbo Bundle
Diablo RTGA “Kit”How Real-time, Direct
Sampling of Gas-Phase Samples with
High-Performance MS Detection
Provides for Fast Chemical Analysis for Fuel Cell R&D
MS Sensor 3.0 Software
To LV12 pump
ToMSD
PressureTransducer Process
Stream in
Out tovent
Molecular flow
Orifice 50
Sonic Flow
Orifice 30
IsolationValve
..
How does the Diablo 5000A RTGA work?MS Interface
GasMix Dilution System
Diluents
O2 HeH2 CO2Sulfur
RTGA Interface
Standards
Fuel Cell Mixes
N2
System used for Calibration
Methane calibration (repeat for each component):
3 point linear calibration (percent range)
Non-zero intercept
RTGA Calibration
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
5 15 25 35 45 55 65
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
N2+CO
CO2
H2
O2
CH4
Gas CompN2=16.63%+CO=1.75%O2=1.75%CO2=3.75%H2=75%CH4=1.12%
100% H2
Gas CompN2=33.25%+CO=3.5%O2=3.5%CO2=7.5%H2=50%CH4=2.25%
Gas CompN2=49.88%+CO=5.25%O2=5.25%CO2=11.25%H2=25%CH4=3.37%
Gas CompN2=16.63%+CO=1.75%O2=1.75%CO2=3.75%H2=75%CH4=1.12%
100% H2
Fuel Cell Gas Calibration:Dynamic Dilution with MFC manifold
Hydrogen balance gas
Nitrogen
Oxygen CO2 Methane
Time (min.)
Con
cen
trati
on
(%
)
Hydrogen Calibration in Fuel Cell Mix
Hydrogen Calibration y = 676.02x - 876.4
R2 = 0.9976
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Process Pressure (PSIG)
Tra
nsd
uce
r P
ress
ure
(m
torr
)
Helium
Nitrogen
Linear (Helium)
Linear (Nitrogen)
Figure 3 – Page 6 –Effect of gas type and process on cross pressure
Effect of Gas Type and Process on cross Pressure
CH4
C3-C5
HydrogenCO2
C2–C5
C2
CH4
C3–C5
CO2
H2
C2
Figure 4 – Page 8– Graphical display of five signals:Methane, C3-C5 hydrocarbons, C2-C5 hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide,
ethane, and hydrogen. Scan range 12-46 amu
5 Signals : Methane, C3-C5 Hydrocarbons, Carbon Dioxide, Ethane, and Hydrogen, scan range 12-46 amu
System Calibration – Nitrogen in Hydrogen
y = 18412x - 48231
R2 = 0.9975
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
1600000
0 20 40 60 80 100
H2 (mole%)
Re
sp
on
se
Figure 7 – Page 10 –Calibration of hydrogen in nitrogen diluent
Hydrogen in Nitrogen
H2 Calibration of Hydrogen in Helium Diluent
y = 2893.8x - 4689R
2 = 0.999
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
0 20 40 60 80 100
Hydrogen (mole %)
Re
sp
on
se
Figure 8 – Page 11 – Calibration of Hydrogen in Helium diluent
y = 4708.5x + 39153
R2 = 0.995
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
0 20 40 60 80
Mole %
Res
po
nse
Figure 7–Calibration of carbon dioxide (5 to 60%) in helium
Carbon Dioxide Calibration
CO2 Calibration of Carbon Dioxide
y = 41566x + 28458
R2 = 0.9842
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
450000
500000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
CO2 (mole %)
Re
sp
on
se
Figure 11– Page 12 –Calibration of carbon dioxide (0.5 to 7%) in fuel cell mix
O2 in Nitrogen
y = 65024x + 18433
R2 = 0.9959
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
4000000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Mole % O2
Ab
un
dan
ce
Figure 12 – Page 13 – Calibration of oxygen in helium. NITROGEN?
Nitrogen In Hydrogen
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
450000
500000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Mole % Nitrogen
Re
sp
on
se
Figure 13– Page 14 –Calibration of nitrogen in hydrogen
Methane Calibrationy = 22617x + 3599.6
R2 = 0.9962
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
CH4 (mole %)
Res
po
nse
Figure 14– Page 15 –Calibration of Methane in fuel cell mix
Dimethyl Disulfide
y = 1.0034x - 80.058
R2 = 0.9951
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 200 400 600 800 1000
DMDS (ppb)
Re
sp
on
se
Figure 15 – Page 16 – Calibration of dimethyl at ppb level. Ion 94 monitored
Mercaptans:285 ppbCOS + THT: 190 ppbH2S: 95 ppb
Mercaptans:4.5 ppmCOS + THT: 3 ppmH2S: 1.5 ppm
Mercaptans:1.9 ppmCOS + THT: 1.3 ppmH2S: 0.6 ppm
Mercaptans:1.0 ppmCOS + THT: 0.7 ppmH2S: 0.3 ppm
H2S
COS + THT
MeSH+DMS+EtSH
Stepwise Decreases in Sulfur Concentration
Stepwise Changes in low-level Sulfur Gases
12
3
4
5
Step 1: 1.0 ppm (mercaptans) to Step 5: 4.0ppm (mercaptans)
Monitoring Stepwise Sulfur Changes
Who Benefits from using the Diablo 5000A RTGA?
• Laboratories monitoring Gases−Chemist or engineer in lab
• Engineering Development Labs−Chemist or engineer working in a controlled environment
• R&D Academic Market−Research facilities like MIT
• Petrochemical−MS Lab Managers, Process Control Managers
• Biofuels−MS lab Managers, Process Control Engineers
Other RTGA Applications Areas
• Process gases• Catalyst performance• Reaction (head space) profiling• Bed breakthrough studies• Ambient gases (not trace)• CO2 Sequestering• Capacity and Bed regeneration• Toxic Gases in Air
(limited application)
• Fast Analysis versus slower techniques• GC Analysis = Data - 10 minutes• Micro GC Analysis = Data- 3-5 minutes • RTGA = Data- every few seconds
• Stable, Reliable, and quantitative solution to continuous chemical monitoring in fuel processing systems that is not possible with residual gas analyzers
• Good Linearity seen in hydrogen and other gases that are encountered in fuel cell systems over a wide range from ppb to percent levels .
Conclusion: The Diablo 5000A RTGA Provides Fast Chemical Analysis for Fuels R&D
because:
Questions?
Contact DetailsTerry [email protected]: +1 925 755 1005 ext. 115F: +1 925 755 1007
Deborah [email protected] www.transglobaldistributors.com T: +31 (0) 10 258 1870F: +31 (0) 10 258 1879
THANK YOU!