the descriptive essay

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The Descriptive Essay Life is experiential. We use our senses to see, touch, smell and taste. We encounter our environment through our senses, and those encounters connect us to the world. A descriptive essay puts those encounters into words through vivid details. Rather than stating an argument and proving it with three supporting details, the writer builds a scene to lead the reader to his desired conclusion. We walked through the field for the first time since the flood waters had receded. It was muddy, and the grass had grown very tall. Start with prewriting. Consider which sensory details would best express your ideas; chart or list according to the senses Organize spatially (top to bottom; left to right), chronologically, or logically (following the natural flow of ideas) Use vivid details to show rather than tell Telling: Showing: Heavy steps propelled our ragtag group through the mud. Each footfall brought a hearty squelch, a rhythmic reminder of the rains that had kept us indoors for weeks. Not So Formulaic Be sure to include a mixture of the two

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The Descriptive EssayLife is experiential.  We use our senses to see, touch, smelland taste.  We encounter our environment through our

senses, and  those encounters connect us to the world.   Adescriptive essay puts those encounters into words through

vivid details.  

Rather than stating an argument and proving it with threesupporting details, the writer builds a scene to lead the reader

to his desired conclusion.

We walked through the field for the first time since the flood waters hadreceded.  It was muddy, and the grass had grown very tall.

Start with prewriting.  Consider which sensory details wouldbest express your ideas; chart or list according to the sensesOrganize spatially (top to bottom; left to right),chronologically, or logically (following the natural flow ofideas)Use vivid details to show rather than tell  

Telling: 

Showing: Heavy steps propelled our ragtag group through the mud.  Eachfootfall brought a hearty squelch, a rhythmic reminder of the

rains that had kept us indoors for weeks.

Not SoFormulaic

Be sure to include a mixture of the two

Not SoFormulaic

The Narrative EssayThe narrative essay tells a story that doesn't just answerwho, what, when, where, why and how.  It also answers

this question: 

Why does any of this matter?

The story sets the scene and creates an emotional

connection between the reader and the writer. Once

the events of the story have been revealed, the writer

draws a connection between the story and the overall

message.

use vivid details to show instead of tell

use the standard elements of plot

(exposition, rising action, climax, falling

action, and resolution)

use dialogue to build your characters

Not SoFormulaicThe Comparison Essay

The five paragraph works if you have one issue to explore:  onesimilarity, one difference, and one evaluation of the impact. Thecomparison/contrast form allows the writer to explore several

different ideas and possibilities without restriction.

There are two basic ways to structure:­ point by point, in which the writer chooses points of

comparison or contrast and addresses them individually ­ by group, in which the writer discusses the similarities

first and the differences later (or vice versa)

Begin by prewriting.  Gather your details in a T­chart or

Venn diagram and look for associations.  How are they

alike?  Different?  How do those similarities and

differences impact the bigger picture?

In your opening, start with a quotation vignette or

interesting statement. In your body paragraphs, use

plenty of specific details.  In your closing, offer a final

idea or summarize your thoughts 

Not SoFormulaic

The Definition Essay

A definition essay can be as simple or complex as the writerdesires.  For a simple definition piece, the author includes

specific facts about the topic and includes any relevant details. A more complex definition essay includes analysis of the topic,

or comparison of the subject to another idea.

In "What is Poverty," Jo Goodwin Parker fuses severaldifferent essay types.  She tells her story (narration)

through vivid details (description).  She shares the cause(poverty) and its effect (increasing poverty).  Finally, sheprovides a comparison of her situation (abject poverty) tothe attitudes of those who have not lived it (why can't youjust pull yourself out?). This is what makes the definition

essay so versatile.

To build a definition essay, use personalexperience, other people's opinions on the topic,

or comparisons to similar ideas. You can also breakdown the parts of a whole or explain what the idea is

not

A definition essay defines an idea. It gives the reader an

understanding of a topic from several different angles ­

not just the dictionary definition.  

Not SoFormulaic

The Cause and Effect EssayCause and effect essays explore why something happens by

providing a behind the scenes look at a topic.  They arecommon in academic settings (like textbooks) or media

venues (such as magazines or newspapers).

The writer must first recognize the connection betweenthe cause and its effect.  Then the essay explores thatrelationship through a focused look at the cause, the

effect, or both.

The first step is to make sure your topic lends itself

to this kind of writing.  Find something that interests

you, and determine whether there is a clear cause

and associated impact.

First, prewrite.  Charts allow you to lay out the cause nextto its effect, then consider the impact.  Then:  

establish the cause and effect relationshipdiscuss the individual causes and their associatedeffectsindicate the impact of the cause and effectrelationship