© Natural Resources Institute Finland© Natural Resources Institute Finland

Dr. Perttu Anttila

Senior Researcher

Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)

ENERWOODS International Conference

Stockholm

27th Aug 2015

The Demand of Forest Biomass Is

Increasing – How Can We Develop

Supply Chains?

© Natural Resources Institute Finland

Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)

• Fusion of

– MTT Agrifood Research Finland

– Finnish Forest Research Institute

Metla

– Finnish Game and Fisheries

Research Institute RKTL

– Information Centre of the Ministry of

Agriculture and Forestry Tike

• Started 1 January 2015

• Combined resources 2014 turnover

140 EUR milj.

• Personnel aprox.1600

• Locations 38

• http://www.luke.fi/en/

• Increasing demand -> increasing

distances -> need to increase cost

efficiency

• Seasonal fluctuations

• Quality management

Drivers of development of harvesting and logistics

Figure 1. Regional balance between harvesting potential and

demand of RFB under two different harvesting scenarios for

roundwood, Maximum sustainable scenario (MAX) and

Business as usual scenario (BAU). For more information see

Anttila et al. (2014).

Mapping and critical analysis of existing harvesting

technologies

Whole tree supply chains in Norway

Belbo & Talbot (2014)

Roadside

chipping chain

cheapest

Bigger trucks

more cost

efficient

Use of

terminals

increases

costs

Whole tree supply chains in Norway

Belbo & Talbot (2014)

Storage costs

~10% of the

total

Biggest costs

in baling

chains

Lowest costs

in direct

deliveries

Evaluating long distance transportation solutions

Long-distance supply of energy wood in Finland

Nivala et al. (2015)

Energy wood

balance

negative

Energy wood

balance

positive

Long-distance supply of energy wood in Finland

Nivala et al. (2015)

Whole-tree

chains more

expensive

than

stemwood

chains

Big trucks

more

competitive

than train

Wood chip transport in Estonia

Irdla et al. (2015)

Rear driving axle trucks

1.00 € km-1

Multi-lift trucks

1.47 € km-1

Double driving axle trucks

1.09 € km-1

Multi-lift trucks

uneconomic due to high

investment cost

Wood chip transport in Estonia

Irdla et al. (2015)

10°C increase in

temperature ->

5% decrease in

fuel

consumption

Evaluation of the cost saving potential of precision

supply of biomass

Precision supply of logging residues in Finland

Windisch et al. (2015)

Precision supply of logging residues in Finland

Windisch et al. (2015)

Up to 8%

higher energy

content could

be delivered

Precision supply of logging residues in Finland

Windisch et al. (2015)

Supply costs

could be

decreased

by up to 7%

Binding the results to the other work packages…

Logistical wishes for the future energy forests

Laitila et al. (2010)

Logistics as a part of the future energy systems

Jäppinen et al. (2014)

Conclusions

• Logistical solutions location

specific

• Increase net loads in

transportation

• Utilize existing information

more efficiently

References

Anttila, P., Nivala, M., Laitila, J., Flyktman, M., Salminen, O. & Nivala, J. 2014. Metsähakkeen

alueellinen korjuupotentiaali ja käyttö vuonna 2020. Metlan työraportteja / Working Papers of the

Finnish Forest Research Institute 313: 55.

Belbo, H. & Talbot, B. 2014. Systems analysis of ten supply chains for whole tree chips. Forests

5(9): 2084-2105.

Hofsten von, H. & Funck, J. 2015. Utveckling av HCT-fordon i Sverige. Arbetsrapport från

Skogforsk 865. 28 p.

Irdla, M., Padari, A., Muiste, P. 2015. The alternatives of transport of wood chips in Estonian

conditions – a case study. Submitted.

Jäppinen, E., Korpinen, O.-J., Laitila, J. & Ranta, T. 2014. Greenhouse gas emissions of forest

bioenergy supply and utilization in Finland. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 29:

369-382.

Laitila, J., Heikkilä, J. & Anttila, P. 2010. Harvesting alternatives, accumulation and procurement

cost of small-diameter thinning wood for fuel in Central Finland. Silva Fennica 44(3): 465-480.

Nivala, M., Anttila, P. & Laitila, J. 2015. A GIS-based comparison of long-distance supply of energy

wood for future needs from young forests to the coast of Finland. Submitted.

Routa, J., Asikainen, A., Björheden, R., Laitila, J. and Röser, D. 2012. Forest energy procurement-

state of the art in Finland and Sweden. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: WIREs Energy and

Environment 2012. doi: 10.1002/wene.24.

Venäläinen, P. & Korpilahti, A. 2015. HCT-ajoneuvoyhdistelmien vaikutus puutavarakuljetusten

tehostamisessa [Impact of HCT articulated vehicles in boosting efficiency of timber transport –

Preliminary study]. MEE Publications 30/2015.

Windisch, J., Väätäinen, K., Anttila, P., Nivala, M., Laitila, J., Asikainen, A. & Sikanen, L. 2015.

Discrete-event simulation of an information-based raw material allocation process for increasing

the efficiency of an energy wood supply chain. Applied Energy 149: 315-325.

© Natural Resources Institute Finland

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